CN113670494B - Tunnel side wall embedding body grip strength testing device and method - Google Patents
Tunnel side wall embedding body grip strength testing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113670494B CN113670494B CN202111223028.8A CN202111223028A CN113670494B CN 113670494 B CN113670494 B CN 113670494B CN 202111223028 A CN202111223028 A CN 202111223028A CN 113670494 B CN113670494 B CN 113670494B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0004—Force transducers adapted for mounting in a bore of the force receiving structure
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of soil body grip strength testing of tunnel engineering, in particular to a device and a method for testing the grip strength of a tunnel side wall embedding body, wherein the device comprises: the fixed guide post is used for penetrating into the anchor rod hole; one surface of the pressure sensor is attached to the end face of one end, far away from the bottom of the anchor rod hole, of the fixed guide post; one end of the gripping force testing column is attached to the other surface of the pressure sensor; the adhesive layer is coated and surrounded on the periphery of the pressure sensor and the fixed guide post; and the end face of the grip testing column, which is attached to the pressure sensor, is also provided with a wire outlet which is inclined axially, and the connecting wire penetrates out of the wire outlet. The method judges the strength of the gripping force of the side wall of the tunnel by pulling the gripping force testing column outwards; the qualitative test of local holding power is carried out from the inside fixed point of tunnel to the realization, and the test place is more nimble moreover, and device simple structure, the test is convenient, has improved the efficiency of test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil body grip strength testing in tunnel engineering, in particular to a device and a method for testing the grip strength of a tunnel side wall embedding body.
Background
In the work progress in tunnel, the stock is strutted to be indispensable process in the construction, through the setting of stock for the stability of the tunnel lateral wall of construction completion obtains promoting. However, in actual conditions, although the anchor rod can achieve the above technical purpose, the loosening force and the stabilizing force of the tunnel sidewall material at the installation position are difficult to determine, that is, the stabilizing force is improved, but a more objective evaluation cannot be obtained.
In the related technology, the stable state of the rock-soil body is mostly monitored by adopting a method for measuring the subsidence of the surface outside the hole or a method for measuring the displacement of the inner periphery of the hole, the method for measuring the subsidence of the surface outside the hole is shown in figure 1, a plurality of monitoring points are arranged in the cross section direction of the hole body to measure the subsidence of the surface, and when the subsidence of the surface is greater than an early warning value, an alarm is given; the method for measuring displacement of the inner periphery of the hole is shown in figure 2, a horizontal test line is respectively arranged on the vault, the arch waist and the side wall of the hole body, test points are pre-embedded on the horizontal lines, and the stability of the hole body is pre-warned by measuring the difference between the horizontal lines and the pre-embedded test points twice in a period of time.
However, the above measurement method only reflects the soil stability as a whole, and cannot monitor the local loosening force of the side wall of the tunnel.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the device and the method for testing the holding power of the embedded body of the side wall of the tunnel are provided, and the detection and the test of the local loose force of the side wall inside the tunnel are realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in one aspect, the present disclosure provides a tunnel lateral wall embedding body grip testing arrangement, includes:
the diameter of the fixed guide post is smaller than the inner diameter of an anchor rod hole in the side wall of the tunnel, and the fixed guide post is used for penetrating into the anchor rod hole;
one surface of the pressure sensor is attached to one end face, far away from the bottom of the anchor rod hole, of the fixed guide column, the section of the pressure sensor is circular, and the outer diameter of the pressure sensor is not larger than the diameter of the fixed guide column;
one end of the gripping force testing column is attached to the other surface of the pressure sensor, and the diameter of the gripping force testing column is larger than that of the fixed guide column;
the adhesive layer is coated and surrounded on the periphery of the pressure sensor, one side of the adhesive layer along the axial direction of the fixed guide post is adhered with the side wall of the fixed guide post, and the other side of the adhesive layer is connected with the end face of the grip testing post;
the grip strength testing column is attached to the end face of the pressure sensor, an outlet hole which is inclined to the axial direction of the grip strength testing column is further formed in the end face of the grip strength testing column, the other end of the outlet hole is communicated with the side wall of the grip strength testing column, a connecting line is arranged on the pressure sensor, and the connecting line penetrates out of the outlet hole.
Further, the circular truncated cone type setting is personally submitted in the viscose layer outside, the bottom surface on viscose layer with the adhesion of grip strength test post terminal surface, the medial surface on viscose layer with pressure sensor and part fixed guide post bonds.
Furthermore, a positioning hole extending towards the direction far away from the pressure sensor is formed in the end face, attached to the pressure sensor, of the fixed guide post; the center opening of the pressure sensor is arranged, and the center opening of the pressure sensor and the circle center of the positioning hole are positioned on the central axis of the fixed guide post;
the device also comprises a positioning column which penetrates into the central opening of the pressure sensor and is inserted into the positioning hole.
Furthermore, the bottom of the positioning column is provided with a positioning cap, the end face, facing the pressure sensor, of the grip strength testing column is provided with a fixing groove matched with the positioning cap, and the positioning cap is embedded in the fixing groove.
Furthermore, the side wall of the grip strength testing column is also provided with lugs protruding outwards in the radial direction, and the lugs are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the grip strength testing column.
Further, the protruding blocks are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the grip strength testing column.
Further, the connecting wire is wound on the side wall of the grip strength testing column, and the connecting wire is wound at the bottom of each section of the bump.
Furthermore, the side wall of the fixed guide column is also provided with a guide limit table with the diameter gradually increasing towards the direction of the grip strength test column.
In a second aspect, the present disclosure further provides a method for testing the grip strength of a tunnel sidewall insert, applying the apparatus for testing the grip strength of a tunnel sidewall insert according to the first aspect, including the following steps:
s10: penetrating a connecting wire of the pressure sensor into the wire outlet hole, and connecting the fixed guide post, the pressure sensor and the grip testing post in sequence by using an adhesive layer;
s20: drilling holes on the side wall of the tunneled tunnel, and cleaning the drilled holes by using a high-pressure air pipe after the drilling depth meets the design requirement;
s30: inserting the tunnel side wall embedding body gripping force testing device into the drilled hole until the fixed guide post reaches the designed depth;
s40: standing the tunnel side wall embedding body grip strength testing device in the drill hole, and connecting a connecting line of the pressure sensor with the controller until the sensed numerical value of the pressure sensor reaches a set value or does not change any more;
s50: the direction pulling grip strength test post outside towards drilling, if fixed guide post is pulled out, then judge that tunnel embedding body grip strength is relatively poor, if fixed guide post and pressure sensor are blocked in drilling, and pressure sensor's connecting wire is broken, then judge that tunnel lateral wall embedding body grip strength is good.
Further, in step S20, after the high-pressure air pipe is used to clean the drilled hole, a drilling hole hollow grouting step is also included, and the drilling hole side wall grouting thickness is not greater than 2 mm;
after the grouting is completed, when the tunnel side wall insert grip testing device is inserted into the drilled hole in step S30, the grouting side wall in the drilled hole is destroyed by the bump on the side wall of the grip testing column to improve the testing speed and accuracy.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, through a mode of directly drilling a hole in the side wall of the tunnel, the fixed guide column is connected with the pressure sensor, and the connecting wire of the pressure sensor penetrates into the wire outlet hole of the grip strength test column; compared with the prior art, the qualitative test of local holding power from the fixed point inside the tunnel is realized, and the test site is more flexible.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a method for measuring subsidence of a subsurface of a rock-soil mass in a stable state in a hole in the background art of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a method for measuring displacement of an inner circumference of a steady-state hole of a rock-soil mass in the background art of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of the tunnel sidewall insert grip testing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a device for testing the grip strength of an insert in a sidewall of a tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a device for testing the grip strength of an insert in a tunnel sidewall according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a process of testing the method for testing the grip strength of the tunnel sidewall insert according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a method for testing the grip strength of the sidewall insert of the tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In the tunnel construction process, the stability of the excavated rock-soil mass is related to engineering safety, quality and progress, so that the stability of the rock-soil mass needs to be monitored in each construction process, but in the related technology, the overall stability can only be measured from the outside of a tunnel, or fixed-point measurement can be carried out on the periphery of the tunnel body, and the measurement only reflects the overall stability and cannot carry out flexible measurement on local parts; moreover, the specific measurement items mostly comprise surrounding rock pressure, anchor rod axial force, surrounding rock internal displacement, tunnel bottom bulge, pore water pressure, water quantity and the like, and no feasible method or device capable of testing the gripping force of the rock-soil body is disclosed at present; the important force of the rock and soil mass gripping force in the tunnel on the tunnel construction is self-evident, and the important force is small enough to fix the anchor rod and big enough to cause safe collapse accidents, so that the indexes of the rock and soil gripping force can not be left; based on this, the embodiment of the invention provides a device and a method for testing the gripping power of a tunnel side wall embedded body, so as to solve the qualitative test of the gripping power of the tunnel side wall embedded body, and the technical scheme of the invention is described in detail in an exemplary manner;
the tunnel sidewall insert grip testing apparatus as shown in fig. 3 to 6 comprises a fixing guide post 10, a pressure sensor 20, a grip testing post 30 and an adhesive layer 40, wherein:
the diameter of the fixed guide post 10 is smaller than the inner diameter of an anchor rod hole in the side wall of the tunnel, and the fixed guide post 10 is used for penetrating into the anchor rod hole; it is to be noted here that the function of the fixed guide post 10 is on the one hand to guide the entire device into the anchor bore, which is the bore hole drilled with the anchor drilling machine and not the bore hole for the penetration of the anchor; in the embodiment of the invention, the excavation of the tunnel can be blasting excavation by adopting a traditional step method, and can also be excavation by utilizing an open type TBM (large-diameter full-face hard rock tunnel boring machine); the material of the fixed guide post 10 can be a metal material, such as a steel rod, an aluminum rod, or a plastic rod, of course, the cross section is not only a positioning circle, but also a polygonal section bar can be adopted for the convenience of processing; the other function of the fixed guide post 10 is to fix the pressure sensor 20;
the pressure sensor 20 is a device or apparatus that is capable of sensing a pressure signal and converting the pressure signal into a usable output electrical signal according to a certain rule. The pressure sensor 20 generally comprises a pressure sensitive element and a signal processing unit, the detailed working principle of which is not described herein, and in the embodiment of the present invention, the pressure sensor 20 selects a patch type pressure sensor 20 or a piezoelectric type pressure sensor 20 with better economy; one surface of the pressure sensor 20 is selected to be attached to one end face of the fixed guide post 10, which is far away from the bottom of the anchor rod hole, the section of the pressure sensor 20 is circular, and the outer diameter of the pressure sensor 20 is not larger than the diameter of the fixed guide post 10; specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the pressure sensor 20 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the axial length thereof is much smaller than the length of the fixed guide post 10, so that the pressure can be measured, and by forming the outer diameter of the pressure sensor 20 smaller than the diameter of the fixed guide post 10, the influence of the side wall of the drill hole on the pressure sensor 20 when the fixed guide post 10 is inserted into the drill hole can be reduced; it should be noted here that, when the pressure sensor 20 is specifically fixed, the pressure sensor 20 may be preliminarily fixed on the fixed guide post 10 by applying glue on a surface close to the fixed guide post 10, so as to achieve adhesion between the pressure sensor 20 and the fixed guide post 10;
the grip strength test column 30 is the test focus in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, one end of the grip strength test column 30 is attached to the other side of the pressure sensor 20, and the diameter of the grip strength test column 30 is larger than that of the fixed guide column 10; it should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the grip strength testing column 30 may be made of the same material as the fixed guiding column 10, and the diameter of the grip strength testing column 30 is larger than the diameter of the fixed guiding column 10, so that on one hand, since the connection manner between the pressure sensor 20 and the grip strength testing column is only bonding and not fixed, the stability when bonding with the pressure sensor 20 can be improved by setting the section of the grip strength testing column 30 larger than the diameter of the fixed guiding column 10, that is, the connection stability can be improved by increasing the contact area; on the other hand, in the embodiment of the present invention, the manner of connecting the fixed guide post 10, the pressure sensor 20 and the grip strength testing post 30 is performed by foot gluing, but the testing principle of the embodiment of the present invention is not to test the value of the pressure sensor 20, but to break the connecting line 21 of the pressure sensor 20, which indicates that the grip strength applied to the grip strength testing post is good, so that the three can be connected together when the device is inserted into the borehole, and the grip strength testing post 30 is prevented from being separated from the pressure sensor 20 when the device is inserted into the borehole; in addition, it is ensured that when the grip strength testing column 30 is pulled outwards, the testing result is not affected by too high adhesive connection strength, therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the area of the grip strength testing column 30 is larger than that of the fixed guide column 10, and the purpose is to use the redundant portion of the end surface of the grip strength testing device facing the pressure sensor 20 as the bonding surface, so as to achieve the above two purposes as shown in fig. 5;
the adhesive layer 40 is formed by coating, curing and molding the most common latex in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the adhesive layer 40 is coated around the pressure sensor 20, one side of the adhesive layer 40 along the axial direction of the fixed guide post 10 is adhered to the side wall of the fixed guide post 10, and the other side is connected to the end face of the grip strength testing post 30; thus, the connection strength between the pressure sensor 20 and the fixed guide post 10 is improved by coating the side wall of the fixed guide post 10, and the connection that the transient state can be separated is realized by connecting the bottom of the fixed guide post 10 with the grip strength testing post 30;
in the embodiment of the present invention, an outlet hole 31 that is inclined in the axial direction is further disposed on the end surface of the grip testing column 30 that is attached to the pressure sensor 20, the other end of the outlet hole 31 penetrates through the side wall of the grip testing column 30, the pressure sensor 20 has a connection line 21, and the connection line 21 penetrates through the outlet hole 31. In the embodiment of the present invention, the purpose of setting the wire outlet hole 31 to be inclined is that, as shown in fig. 5, when the grip testing column 30 is pulled down, a shearing force is generated on the end surface of the wire outlet hole 31 close to the pressure sensor 20, so as to break the connection wire 21, and the pressure sensor 20 can be reliably fixed by the way that the adhesive layer 40 fixes the periphery of the pressure sensor 20;
in the embodiment, the fixed guide post 10 is connected with the pressure sensor 20 by directly drilling the tunnel side wall, and the connecting line 21 of the pressure sensor 20 is inserted into the wire outlet 31 of the grip strength test post 30, in the invention, the pressure sensor 20 is fixed on the end surface of the fixed guide post 10 by using the adhesive layer 40, during a specific test, all the fixed guide post 10, the pressure sensor 20 and part of the grip strength test post 30 are inserted into the drill hole, after the fixed guide post 10, the adhesive layer 40 and part of the grip strength test post 30 are wrapped by rock soil in the drill hole, the strength of the tunnel side wall grip strength is judged by pulling the grip strength test post 30 outwards; compared with the prior art, the qualitative test of local holding power from the fixed point inside the tunnel is realized, and the test site is more flexible.
Referring to fig. 5, in the embodiment of the present invention, in order to save the usage amount of the latex and reduce the influence of the larger resistance of the sidewall of the drill hole on the latex during the process of the fixed guide post 10 extending into the drill hole, the outer side surface of the adhesive layer is disposed in a circular truncated cone shape, the bottom surface of the adhesive layer is adhered to the end surface of the grip strength testing post 30, and the inner side surface of the adhesive layer is adhered to the pressure sensor 20 and a part of the fixed guide post 10. Through the setting, realized from the smooth transition of fixed guide post 10 to the gripping power test column 30 side, improved on the one hand and inserted the smoothness nature to drilling with fixed guide post 10, on the other hand also can guarantee that the bonding effect saves the latex use amount.
As shown in fig. 5, in order to improve the alignment when the pressure sensor 20 is connected to the fixed guide post 10, in the embodiment of the present invention, the end face of the fixed guide post 10, which is attached to the pressure sensor 20, is further provided with a positioning hole 11 extending away from the pressure sensor 20; the center of the pressure sensor 20 is provided with a hole, and the center of the hole of the pressure sensor 20 and the center of the positioning hole 11 are on the central axis of the fixed guide post 10;
the device further comprises a positioning column 50, wherein the positioning column 50 penetrates into the central opening of the pressure sensor 20 and is inserted into the positioning hole 11. With the arrangement, when the pressure sensor 20 and the fixed guide post 10 are connected, good alignment between the two can be realized through the positioning post 50;
further, in order to improve the alignment performance when the grip strength testing column 30 is connected to the pressure sensor 20, please refer to fig. 5, the bottom of the positioning column 50 further has a positioning cap 51, the end surface of the grip strength testing column 30 facing the pressure sensor 20 further has a fixing groove 32 engaged with the positioning cap 51, and the positioning cap 51 is embedded in the fixing groove 32. It should be noted that the positioning column 50 in the embodiment of the present invention only functions as a positioning, and the fixing groove 32 is disposed at the central position of the grip strength testing column 30, by the above arrangement, not only the co-linearity among the fixing guide column 10, the pressure sensor 20 and the grip strength testing column 30 can be ensured, but also the positioning column 50 also plays a radial supporting role inside when the whole device is inserted into the drilled hole, thereby improving the linearity during insertion and ensuring the accuracy of the later testing.
As shown in fig. 6, in the embodiment of the present invention, since the connection string of the pressure sensor 20 is pulled apart as the determination indicator in the grip strength test, in order to improve the connection strength between the connection string 21 of the pressure sensor 20 and the grip strength testing column 30, the grip strength testing column 30 further has the protrusions 33 protruding outward in the radial direction on the sidewall thereof, and the protrusions 33 are uniformly spaced in the circumferential direction of the grip strength testing column 30. Through this kind of setting, can guarantee that connecting wire 21 is tightly attached on grip strength test post 30, moreover when pulling down grip strength test post 30, because blockking of lug 33 can not make and take place to slide between connecting wire 21 and the grip strength test post 30 to the reliability of test has been improved. In order to further improve the reliability of the attachment between the connection wire 21 and the grip testing post 30, in the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 6, a plurality of bumps 33 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the grip testing post 30, the connection wire 21 is wound around the sidewall of the grip testing post 30, and the connection wire 21 is wound around the bottom of each bump 33. Thus, the connection wire 21 can be continuously wound around the grip testing column 30 a plurality of times, and the test reliability can be further improved.
Since the rock soil inside the drill hole is softer and closer to the bottom of the drill hole after drilling, in order to prevent the soft rock soil from blocking the hole, in the embodiment of the present invention, the side wall of the fixed guide post 10 is further provided with a guide limit table 12, the diameter of which gradually increases towards the direction of the grip strength test post 30. Through the setting of the spacing platform 12 of direction, on the one hand can part the ground of both sides at the in-process that fixed guide post 10 inserted drilling, and on the other hand, after fixed the completion, because the spacing platform 12 of direction is the toper structure, the bottom can play the effect that prevents fixed guide post 10 cunning down, has further improved the precision of test.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, in an embodiment of the present invention, there is further provided a method for testing the grip strength of a tunnel sidewall insert, in which the apparatus for testing the grip strength of a tunnel sidewall insert is applied, including the following steps:
s10: the connecting wire 21 of the pressure sensor 20 is inserted into the wire outlet hole, and the fixed guide post 10, the pressure sensor 20 and the grip testing post 30 are connected in sequence by using the adhesive layer 40; firstly, attaching the pressure sensor 20 to the fixed guide post 10, then abutting the end face of the grip strength testing post 30 against the pressure sensor 20, and finally, adhering and fixing the pressure sensor 20, the grip strength testing post and the pressure sensor 20 by using latex; it should be noted here that, in order to improve connection alignment, before connecting the grip strength testing column 30 with the pressure sensor 20, the positioning column 50 may be used to pass through the pressure sensor 20 and then penetrate into the positioning hole 11, when connecting the grip strength testing column 30 with the pressure sensor 20, the positioning cap 51 of the positioning column 50 is placed in the fixing groove 32 of the grip strength testing column 30, and finally, latex is used to bond the three; also, when bonding, the latex is preferably coated on the outside of the smooth transition as shown in fig. 5.
S20: drilling holes on the side wall of the tunneled tunnel, and cleaning the drilled holes by using a high-pressure air pipe after the drilling depth meets the design requirement; it should be noted here that the drilling may be performed manually or by using an automatic drilling machine on an open TBM; the bore diameter of the bore is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the grip strength test column 30 so that the test device can be inserted; the depth of the drilled hole is selected according to different rock and soil conditions and different positions;
s30: inserting the tunnel side wall embedding body gripping force testing device into the drilled hole until the fixed guide column 10 reaches the designed depth; it should be noted here that when the testing device is just inserted into the borehole, since the borehole is just completed, soil movement may not occur temporarily, and at this time, the device may be temporarily fixed by manual support or tool fixing;
s40: standing the tunnel side wall embedding body gripping force testing device in a drill hole, and connecting a connecting line 21 of a pressure sensor 20 with a controller until the sensed numerical value of the pressure sensor 20 reaches a set value or does not change any more; when soil in a drilled hole shrinks into the hole, on one hand, a certain pressure is applied to the fixed guide post 10, on the other hand, since the adhesive layer 40 in the embodiment of the invention is in a circular truncated cone shape, and the pressure received by the side surface can also be transmitted to the pressure sensor 20, the pressure can be sensed on the pressure sensor 20, and the sensed number on the pressure sensor 20 can be displayed by connecting the controller with the pressure sensor 20, the controller is the prior art, the current sensed by the pressure sensor 20 can be converted into the corresponding pressure by the digital display meter, and the content of how to display the number of the pressure sensor 20 is not described in detail herein;
s50: the direction pulling grip test post 30 outside towards the drilling, if fixed guide post 10 is pulled out, then judge that tunnel embedding body grip is relatively poor, if fixed guide post 10 and pressure sensor 20 are blocked in the drilling, and pressure sensor 20's connecting wire 21 is broken, then judge that tunnel lateral wall embedding body grip is good. As shown in fig. 7, when the connecting line 21 on the pressure sensor 20 is broken, it indicates that the grip strength of the rock and soil on the fixed guide post 10 is good, and through this qualitative measurement, the test result can be visually observed, which is also beneficial for the staff to make further response; and because pressure sensor 20 and fixed guide post 10 are the less expensive product, after it separates with the grip strength testing arrangement, leave the hole with the two, the later stage is filled the hole through the mode of slip casting can.
Through the test, simple structure, easy operation, the test result is direct-viewing, does not receive the place restriction moreover, can measure in the optional position in the tunnel, compares with prior art, and the construction volume is little, and the flexibility is strong, has improved the test of ground grip, provides favorable test foundation for subsequent continuation excavation and the setting of stock.
In the embodiment of the invention, the testing method is also adjusted, when excavation and tunneling are carried out on a soil body with soft soil texture, if the moisture content in the soil texture is large or the soil texture is easy to slip, a hollow grouting mode is adopted to provide conditions for measurement, specifically, in step S20, after hole cleaning treatment is carried out on a drilled hole by using a high-pressure air pipe, a drilled hole hollow grouting step is further included, and the grouting thickness of the side wall of the drilled hole is not more than 2 mm; the smoothness of the test device during insertion can be improved by injecting a thin concrete layer, but because the thickness of the concrete layer is thin, the grouting layer is automatically broken by the action of pressure in the process of inserting the test device or rock soil outside a hole after a period of time, and the device is tightly held;
after the slip casting is accomplished, when step S30 stretches into tunnel lateral wall embedding body grip strength testing arrangement to drilling, can also utilize the slip casting lateral wall destruction in the lug 33 on the grip strength test post 30 lateral wall with the drilling, can be with the slip casting lateral wall at the partial lug 33 place of grip strength test post 30 when specifically stretching into promptly, in order to destroy the grouting layer, then wrap the testing arrangement who penetrates downthehole by the rock-soil body in the whole drilling after destruction, not only improved the speed of test through this kind of mode, also because the setting of grouting layer, the precision of test has been improved.
Taking the tunneling construction process of TBM equipment as an example, a test construction method is introduced, firstly, tunneling is carried out by using the TBM equipment, after a certain distance is tunneled, then initial spraying of concrete is carried out, so that a tunneling surface is preliminarily fixed, drilling is carried out by using an anchor rod drilling machine carried on the TBM equipment, after the drilling is finished, whether hollow grouting operation of drilling is carried out or not is determined according to the situation, then a test device is assembled, the test device is inserted into the drilling hole after the assembly is finished, the test device is kept still for a certain time, when the number on a digital display connected to a pressure sensor 20 does not change any more, a grip strength test column 30 is pulled downwards, if a connecting line 21 is found to be pulled off, an adhesive layer 40 on the grip strength test column 30 is damaged, and after the grip strength test column 30 is separated from the pressure sensor 20, the grip strength of an embedded body at the position is good; and then filling the drilled hole in a continuous grouting mode, and continuing to perform subsequent construction operation.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a tunnel lateral wall embedding body grip test device which characterized in that includes:
the diameter of the fixed guide post is smaller than the inner diameter of an anchor rod hole in the side wall of the tunnel, and the fixed guide post is used for penetrating into the anchor rod hole;
one surface of the pressure sensor is attached to one end face, far away from the bottom of the anchor rod hole, of the fixed guide column, the section of the pressure sensor is circular, and the outer diameter of the pressure sensor is not larger than the diameter of the fixed guide column;
one end of the gripping force testing column is attached to the other surface of the pressure sensor, and the diameter of the gripping force testing column is larger than that of the fixed guide column;
the adhesive layer is coated and surrounded on the periphery of the pressure sensor, one side of the adhesive layer along the axial direction of the fixed guide post is adhered with the side wall of the fixed guide post, and the other side of the adhesive layer is connected with the end face of the grip testing post;
the grip strength testing column is attached to the end face of the pressure sensor, an outlet hole which is inclined to the axial direction of the grip strength testing column is further formed in the end face of the grip strength testing column, the other end of the outlet hole is communicated with the side wall of the grip strength testing column, a connecting line is arranged on the pressure sensor, and the connecting line penetrates out of the outlet hole.
2. The device for testing the grip strength of the tunnel sidewall insert according to claim 1, wherein the outer side surface of the adhesive layer is in a truncated cone shape, the bottom surface of the adhesive layer is bonded to the end surface of the grip strength testing column, and the inner side surface of the adhesive layer is bonded to the pressure sensor and a part of the fixed guide columns.
3. The device for testing the grip strength of the tunnel sidewall insert according to claim 1, wherein the end surface of the fixed guide post, which is attached to the pressure sensor, is further provided with a positioning hole extending away from the pressure sensor; the center opening of the pressure sensor is arranged, and the center opening of the pressure sensor and the circle center of the positioning hole are positioned on the central axis of the fixed guide post;
the device also comprises a positioning column which penetrates into the central opening of the pressure sensor and is inserted into the positioning hole.
4. The device for testing the grip strength of the tunnel sidewall insert according to claim 3, wherein the bottom of the positioning column further comprises a positioning cap, the end surface of the grip strength testing column facing the pressure sensor further comprises a fixing groove matched with the positioning cap, and the positioning cap is embedded in the fixing groove.
5. The tunnel sidewall insert grip strength testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the grip strength testing stud further has protrusions protruding outward in a radial direction on the sidewall thereof, the protrusions being uniformly spaced along a circumferential direction of the grip strength testing stud.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the protrusion is spaced apart along the length of the grip testing column.
7. The apparatus for testing grip strength of tunnel sidewall insert according to claim 6, wherein the connecting wire is wound around the sidewall of the grip testing column, and the connecting wire is wound around the bottom of each segment of the bump.
8. The device for testing the grip strength of the tunnel sidewall insert according to claim 1, wherein the sidewall of the fixed guide post further comprises a guide limit table with a diameter gradually increasing toward the grip strength test post.
9. A method for testing the grip of a tunnel sidewall insert, which comprises the steps of applying the apparatus for testing the grip of a tunnel sidewall insert according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising:
s10: penetrating a connecting wire of the pressure sensor into the wire outlet hole, and connecting the fixed guide post, the pressure sensor and the grip testing post in sequence by using an adhesive layer;
s20: drilling holes on the side wall of the tunneled tunnel, and cleaning the drilled holes by using a high-pressure air pipe after the drilling depth meets the design requirement;
s30: inserting the tunnel side wall embedding body gripping force testing device into the drilled hole until the fixed guide post reaches the designed depth;
s40: standing the tunnel side wall embedding body grip strength testing device in the drill hole, and connecting a connecting line of the pressure sensor with the controller until the sensed numerical value of the pressure sensor reaches a set value or does not change any more;
s50: the direction pulling grip strength test post outside towards drilling, if fixed guide post is pulled out, then judge that tunnel embedding body grip strength is relatively poor, if fixed guide post and pressure sensor are blocked in drilling, and pressure sensor's connecting wire is broken, then judge that tunnel lateral wall embedding body grip strength is good.
10. The method for testing the grip strength of the tunnel sidewall insert according to claim 9, wherein in step S20, after the hole cleaning process is performed on the drilled hole by using the high pressure air pipe, a step of drilling hole hollow grouting is further included, and the thickness of the drilled hole sidewall grouting is not more than 2 mm;
after the grouting is completed, when the tunnel side wall insert grip testing device is inserted into the drilled hole in step S30, the grouting side wall in the drilled hole is destroyed by the bump on the side wall of the grip testing column to improve the testing speed and accuracy.
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| US4907916A (en) * | 1989-03-15 | 1990-03-13 | Hartman Philip L | Pressure grouted pier and pier inserting tool |
| CN201133883Y (en) * | 2007-11-14 | 2008-10-15 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Deep borehole rock mass distortion tester |
| CN102183456B (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2012-11-14 | 中交第一航务工程勘察设计院有限公司 | Digitally displayed automatic adhesive force instrument |
| CN102305677B (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2012-11-28 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Rock soil pressure measuring instrument and measuring method thereof |
| CN207300757U (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-05-01 | 新疆大学 | A kind of cupping machine |
| CN207776892U (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-08-28 | 山东泰山能源有限责任公司协庄煤矿 | A kind of anchor pole full length fastening and anchor rope grouting composite reinforcement device |
| CN108844817B (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2021-05-25 | 太原理工大学 | Device and method for testing direct tensile strength of soft rock and soil body |
| CN109297810B (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2021-11-05 | 安徽理工大学 | Test device and test method for simulating deep stratum anchor rod drawing |
| CN109406268A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-03-01 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of ess-strain control formula soil body test for tensile strength device and method |
| CN110631991B (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2024-06-04 | 南京林业大学 | Testing device for forming high-strength mud cake by wedging type loading and adhesion measuring method |
| CN211784861U (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-10-27 | 重庆地之源地质工程检测有限公司 | Landslide rock mass shear strength test device |
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| CN112726598A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-30 | 云南省建设投资控股集团有限公司 | Full-bonding type prestressed steel anchor pipe cable structure and construction method thereof |
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