CN113667515A - Gasification agent supply system, gasification agent supply control method and coal gasification system - Google Patents

Gasification agent supply system, gasification agent supply control method and coal gasification system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113667515A
CN113667515A CN202110878003.5A CN202110878003A CN113667515A CN 113667515 A CN113667515 A CN 113667515A CN 202110878003 A CN202110878003 A CN 202110878003A CN 113667515 A CN113667515 A CN 113667515A
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gasification
layer
oxygen
flow
steam
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CN202110878003.5A
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CN113667515B (en
Inventor
陈良奇
鲁思达
谢星
李碧云
朱晓龙
于经伟
孟庆珂
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Beijing Aerospace Innovation Patent Investment Center (limited Partnership)
Xi'an Aerospace Yuan Dongli Engineering Co ltd
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Beijing Aerospace Innovation Patent Investment Center (limited Partnership)
Xi'an Aerospace Yuan Dongli Engineering Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/22—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues
    • C10J3/24—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/721—Multistage gasification, e.g. plural parallel or serial gasification stages
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0973—Water
    • C10J2300/0976—Water as steam

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Industrial Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a gasification agent supply system, a gasification agent supply control method and a coal gasification system. The gasifying agent supply system is used for a multi-layer gasifying agent nozzle gasification furnace, and comprises: the ring pipe is provided with a first connecting port, a second connecting port and a third connecting port, and the first connecting port is used for connecting a first layer of gasification agent nozzles in the multi-layer gasification agent nozzles of the gasification furnace; the first superheated steam supply pipeline is communicated with the second connecting port of the ring pipe; the oxygen supply pipeline is communicated with the second connecting port of the ring pipe; the steam-oxygen mixed gas supply pipeline comprises a gas inlet end and a gas outlet end, the gas inlet end is connected with the third connecting port of the ring pipe, and the gas outlet end is used for connecting a second layer of gasifying agent nozzles in the multi-layer gasifying agent nozzles of the gasification furnace; and the second superheated steam supply pipeline is used for connecting the second layer gasifying agent nozzles.

Description

Gasification agent supply system, gasification agent supply control method and coal gasification system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal gasification, and particularly relates to a gasification agent supply system, a gasification agent supply control method and a coal gasification system.
Background
Coal, as a fossil fuel, is one of the indispensable energy sources for people to produce and live at present and even for a long time in the future. If coal is directly combusted, a large amount of resources are wasted, and SO is discharged2、NOxAnd harmful gases such as CO, etc., causing environmental pollution. Therefore, promoting clean utilization of coal has become a necessary choice for industry development. Coal gasification is one of the important ways for clean utilization of coal. The existing coal gasification technology is that coal is added into a gasification furnace, and the coal is converted into coal gas under the conditions of pressurization and existence of gasification agents.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention in a first aspect provides a gasifying agent supply system for a multi-layered gasifying agent nozzle gasifier, comprising:
the ring pipe is provided with a first connecting port, a second connecting port and a third connecting port, and the first connecting port is used for connecting a first layer of gasification agent nozzles in the multi-layer gasification agent nozzles of the gasification furnace;
the first superheated steam supply pipeline is communicated with the second connecting port of the ring pipe;
the oxygen supply pipeline is communicated with the second connecting port of the ring pipe;
the steam-oxygen mixed gas supply pipeline comprises a gas inlet end and a gas outlet end, the gas inlet end is connected with the third connecting port of the ring pipe, and the gas outlet end is used for connecting a second layer of gasifying agent nozzles in the multi-layer gasifying agent nozzles of the gasification furnace;
and the second superheated steam supply pipeline is used for connecting the second layer gasifying agent nozzles.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a coal gasification conversion system, comprising:
the gasification furnace is provided with a plurality of layers of gasification agent nozzles at intervals in the height direction;
according to the gasification agent supply system, the ring pipe is connected to the outer wall of the gasification furnace, the first connecting port of the ring pipe is connected with the first layer of gasification agent nozzles in the multi-layer gasification agent nozzles of the gasification furnace, and the mixed steam-oxygen supply pipeline and the second superheated steam supply pipeline are both connected with the second layer of gasification agent nozzles in the multi-layer gasification agent nozzles of the gasification furnace.
The third aspect of the present invention provides a gasifying agent supply control method for the gasifying agent supply system of the present invention, comprising:
determining design flow values of an oxygen supply pipeline, a first superheated steam supply pipeline, an oxygen-steam mixed gas supply pipeline and a second superheated steam supply pipeline according to a preset oxygen amount and a preset oxygen-steam ratio required by the first layer of gasifying agent nozzles and a preset oxygen amount and a preset oxygen-steam ratio required by the second layer of gasifying agent nozzles;
and regulating and controlling the actual flow value according to the design flow values of the oxygen supply pipeline, the first superheated steam supply pipeline, the mixed steam-oxygen supply pipeline and the second superheated steam supply pipeline.
The invention adopts the ring pipe to jointly arrange the multi-channel gasifying agent pipelines connected with the gasifying agent nozzles of different layers of the gasification furnace, realizes the effective control of the components of the gasifying agents required by the gasifying agent nozzles of different layers, and simultaneously reduces the complexity of a gasifying agent supply system and a control system. The method has important significance for stable and efficient operation of the gasification furnace.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a gasification agent supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a coal gasification system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a gasification furnace of a coal gasification system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention more clear, features of various aspects and exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the present invention. In the drawings and the following description, at least some well-known structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention; also, the dimensions of some of the structures may be exaggerated for clarity. Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, "above" and "below" are inclusive of the present numbers; "plural" and "several" mean two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like, as used herein, refer to an orientation or positional relationship indicated for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify description, but do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The directional terms appearing in the following description are intended to be illustrative in all directions, and are not intended to limit the specific construction of embodiments of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be directly connected or indirectly connected. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as appropriate to those of ordinary skill in the art.
The above summary of the present invention is not intended to describe each disclosed embodiment or every implementation of the present invention. The following description more particularly exemplifies illustrative embodiments. At various points throughout this application, guidance is provided through a list of embodiments that can be used in various combinations. In each instance, the list is merely a representative group and should not be construed as exhaustive.
The coal gas produced by the existing coal gasifier contains effective gases (CO and H)2) Also contains more CH4。CH4Inert gases, CH in coal gases, in processes using coal gases as raw materials, e.g. for ammonia synthesis4Too high a content tends to increase the compressor power consumption in the process system and also to cause too much purge gas emissions, thus seriously affecting the economics of ammonia synthesis.
In order to reduce CH in the gas4In content, the applicant has developed a multi-layered gasifying nozzle gasification furnace. On the basis, the applicant further provides a gasifying agent supply system for the multi-layer gasifying agent nozzle gasification furnace. Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a gasifying agent supply system as an example. Referring to FIG. 1, a gasification agent supply system 100 according to the present invention includes a loop 110, a first superheated steam supply line 120 connected to the loop 110, and an oxygen supply line130 and a mixed vapor supply line 140, and a second superheated vapor supply line 150.
The collar 110 has a first connection port 111, a second connection port 112, and a third connection port 113. The first connection port 111 is used to connect a first layer of gasifying agent nozzles among the multi-layer gasifying agent nozzles of the gasifier. The first superheated steam supply pipe 120 communicates with the second connection port 112 of the loop pipe 110. The oxygen supply pipe 130 communicates with the second connection port 112 of the loop pipe 110. The mixed vapor-oxygen supply pipe 140 includes an inlet end connected to the third connection port 113 of the loop 110 and an outlet end for connecting a second layer of the multi-layer gasifying agent nozzles of the gasification furnace. The second superheated steam supply pipe 150 is used for connecting the second layer gasifying agent nozzles.
The first superheated steam supply line 120 and the oxygen supply line 130 provide superheated steam and oxygen, respectively, to the loop 110. The mixed gas of superheated steam and oxygen is supplied as a gasifying agent from the loop 110 to the first layer gasifying agent nozzle among the multi-layer gasifying agent nozzles of the gasification furnace. The loop 110 also provides a portion of the combined superheated steam and oxygen gas to the second of the multi-layer gasification agent nozzles of the gasifier. The second superheated steam supply pipe 150 supplies superheated steam to the second-layer gasifying agent nozzles for adjusting the steam-oxygen ratio of the gasifying agent supplied to the second-layer gasifying agent nozzles.
The multi-channel gasifying agent pipelines connected with the gasifying agent nozzles on different layers of the gasification furnace are jointly arranged by adopting the ring pipe 110, so that the composition of the gasifying agents required by the gasifying agent nozzles on different layers can be effectively controlled, and the complexity of a gasifying agent supply system and a control system is reduced. The method has important significance for stable and efficient operation of the gasification furnace. The inventor also finds that the mixed gas of the superheated steam and the oxygen and the superheated steam are used as gasifying agents and are supplied to the second layer gasifying agent nozzles, and the method is also helpful for ensuring the high operation safety performance of the gasification furnace.
The shape of the grommet 110 is not particularly limited, and may be polygonal, circular, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the grommet 110 is annular in shape.
In some embodiments, the gasifying agent supply system 100 further includes a steam-oxygen mixer 160. The first superheated vapor supply pipe 120 and the oxygen supply pipe 130 are respectively connected to an inlet of the vapor mixer 160, and an outlet of the vapor mixer 160 is connected to the second connection port 112 of the loop pipe 110. Superheated steam from the first superheated steam supply line 120 and oxygen from the oxygen supply line 130 are mixed by the steam-oxygen mixer 160 and fed into the loop 110. The gasification agent composition supplied to the first layer of gasification agent nozzles can be stably controlled, and the operation stability of the gasification furnace is improved. The vapor-oxygen mixer 160 may employ a mixer known in the art that can be used for uniform mixing of superheated vapor and oxygen, such as an SV type static mixer, an SK type static mixer, or the like.
In some embodiments, the first layer of gasifying agent nozzles of the gasifier may contain a plurality of gasifying agent nozzles, for example 4 to 6. The ring pipes 110 may be provided with 4 to 6 first connection ports 111 at intervals to be connected to 4 to 6 gasifying agent nozzles of the first layer gasifying agent nozzles in a one-to-one correspondence. Thus, the gasification agent can be supplied from the loop 110 to the plurality of gasification agent nozzles of the first layer of gasification agent nozzles.
In some embodiments, the second layer of gasification agent nozzles of the gasifier may comprise a plurality of gasification agent nozzles, such as 2-6, and further such as 2-4. The system may further include 2-6 branch pipes 170 connected in parallel to the outlet end of the mixed vapor supply pipe 140 to be connected in one-to-one correspondence to 2-6 gasifying agent nozzles of the second layer gasifying agent nozzles. Thus, the gasification agent can be supplied from the loop 110 to the plurality of gasification agent nozzles of the second layer gasification agent nozzles through the mixed vapor supply line 140.
In some embodiments, the system may further include 2-6 superheated steam manifolds 180 connected in parallel to the second superheated steam supply conduit 150. The 2-6 superheated steam branch pipes 180 are used for being correspondingly connected with the 2-6 gasifying agent nozzles of the second layer of gasifying agent nozzles one by one. Thus, the superheated steam can be supplied from the second superheated steam supply pipe 150 to the plurality of gasifying agent nozzles of the second layer gasifying agent nozzles to adjust the gasifying agent steam-to-oxygen ratio supplied to each of the gasifying agent nozzles of the second layer gasifying agent nozzles.
In order to control the gas flow of each pipeline, a flow meter and a flow regulating valve can be arranged on the pipeline. The gas flow of the pipeline is monitored by a flow meter. The gas flow of the pipeline is regulated by a flow regulating valve. The main control unit can automatically control the flowmeter and the flow regulating valve through the flow control module, and the gas flow and the gas ratio can be accurately controlled.
In some embodiments, the first superheated vapor supply pipe 120 is provided with a flow meter FC and a flow regulating valve FR. The oxygen supply line 130 is provided with a flow meter FC and a flow rate regulating valve FR. The flow meter FC and the flow regulating valve FR on the first superheated vapor supply pipe 120 and the flow meter FC and the flow regulating valve FR on the oxygen supply pipe are each signal-connected to a first flow control module FFIC, which is connected to a central control unit (not shown in the figure). The general control unit can jointly monitor and control the gas flow rates of the first superheated vapor supply line 120 and the oxygen supply line 130 via the first flow control module FFIC. For example, the first flow control module FFIC may determine and regulate the flow rate of the first superheated steam supply line 120 according to a preset steam-to-oxygen ratio required by the first layer gasifying agent nozzles, in combination with the actual flow rate on the oxygen supply line 130. This facilitates more accurate control of the steam-to-oxygen ratio of the gasifying agent supplied to the first layer gasifying agent nozzles.
In some embodiments, the flow regulating valve FR on the first superheated vapor supply conduit 120 is in signal connection with the flow meter FC, and the flow meter FC on the first superheated vapor supply conduit 120 is in signal connection with the first flow control module FFIC. Alternatively, the flow meter FC on the first superheated vapor supply pipe 120 is located upstream of the flow regulating valve FR. The flow meter FC collects the flow on the first superheated vapor supply line 120 and feeds back to the first flow control module FFIC. The first flow control module FFIC sends a flow regulation signal to the flow meter FC according to the control of the master control unit (which can be the regulation of an operator in the master control unit or the regulation of a program automatically), and the flow meter FC receives the signal and sends the signal to the flow regulation valve FR to control the flow regulation valve FR to automatically regulate.
In some embodiments, the flow regulating valve FR on the oxygen supply line 130 is in signal connection with the flow meter FC, and the flow meter FC on the oxygen supply line 130 is in signal connection with the first flow control module FFIC. Optionally, the flow meter FC on the oxygen supply conduit 130 is located upstream of the flow regulating valve FR. The flow meter FC collects the flow on the oxygen supply line 130 and feeds back to the first flow control module FFIC. The first flow control module FFIC sends a flow regulation signal to the flow meter FC according to the control of the master control unit (which can be the regulation of an operator in the master control unit or the regulation of a program automatically), and the flow meter FC receives the signal and sends the signal to the flow regulation valve FR to control the flow regulation valve FR to automatically regulate.
In some embodiments, the flow meter FC and the flow regulating valve FR are disposed on the mixed vapor supply pipeline 140, the flow meter FC and the flow regulating valve FR are disposed on the second superheated vapor supply pipeline 150, the flow meter FC and the flow regulating valve FR on the mixed vapor supply pipeline 140 and the flow meter FC and the flow regulating valve FR on the second superheated vapor supply pipeline 150 are both signal-connected to the second flow control module FFIC, and the second flow control module FFIC is connected to the general control unit. The general control unit can jointly monitor and control the gas flow rates of the oxygen vapor mixture supply line 140 and the second superheated vapor supply line 150 via the second flow control module FFIC. For example, the second flow control module FFIC may determine and regulate the flow rate of the second superheated steam supply line 150 based on a preset steam-to-oxygen ratio required by the second layer gasifying agent nozzles in combination with the actual flow rate on the mixed steam supply line 140. This facilitates more accurate control of the steam-to-oxygen ratio of the gasifying agent supplied to the second layer gasifying agent nozzles.
The total control unit can also carry out overall control on the system through the first flow control module FFIC and the second flow control module FFIC. For example, the method may include determining a design flow value of the oxygen supply pipe 130 to control an actual flow rate thereof according to a preset oxygen amount required by the first layer gasifying agent nozzles and a preset oxygen amount required by the second layer gasifying agent nozzles. It may further include determining and controlling the flow rate of the mixed vapor gas supply line 140 according to a ratio of the actual flow rate value of the first superheated vapor line 120 to the actual flow rate value of the oxygen gas supply line 130 and a preset oxygen gas amount required by the second layer gasifying agent nozzle.
In some embodiments, a flow control valve FR on the vaporized oxygen supply conduit 140 is in signal communication with a flow meter FC, and a flow meter FC on the vaporized oxygen supply conduit 140 is in signal communication with a second flow control module FFIC. Alternatively, the flow meter FC on the oxygen vapor mixture supply pipe 140 is located upstream of the flow regulating valve FR. The flow meter FC collects the flow rate on the vaporized oxygen mixture supply line 140 and feeds back to the second flow control module FFIC. The second flow control module FFIC sends a flow regulation signal to the flow meter FC according to the control of the master control unit (which can be the regulation of an operator in the master control unit or the regulation of a program automatically), and the flow meter FC receives the signal and sends the signal to the flow regulation valve FR to control the flow regulation valve FR to carry out automatic regulation.
In some embodiments, a flow regulating valve FR on the second superheated vapor supply conduit 150 is in signal connection with a flow meter FC, and a flow meter FC on the second superheated vapor supply conduit 150 is in signal connection with a second flow control module FFIC. Alternatively, the flow meter FC on the second superheated vapor supply pipe 150 is located upstream of the flow regulating valve FR. The flow meter FC collects the second superheated vapor supply conduit 150 and feeds back to the second flow control module FFIC. The second flow control module FFIC sends a flow regulation signal to the flow meter FC according to the control of the master control unit (which can be the regulation of an operator in the master control unit or the regulation of a program automatically), and the flow meter FC receives the signal and sends the signal to the flow regulation valve FR to control the flow regulation valve FR to carry out automatic regulation.
The present invention next provides a coal gasification system. FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a coal gasification system as one example. Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a gasification furnace of a coal gasification system as an example. Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the coal gasification system includes a gasification furnace 200 and any one of the gasification agent supply systems 100 according to the present invention.
The gasification furnace 200 is provided with a plurality of layers of gasification agent nozzles at intervals in the height direction, including a first layer of gasification agent nozzles 210 and a second layer of gasification agent nozzles 220. The gasifying agent supply system 100 supplies the gasifying agent to the first layer gasifying agent nozzle 210 and the second layer gasifying agent nozzle 220 of the gasification furnace 200. The loop 110 is connected to an outer wall of the gasification furnace 200, the first connection port 111 of the loop 110 is connected to a first layer gasification agent nozzle 210 of the gasification furnace 200, and both the mixed steam-oxygen supply pipe 140 and the second superheated steam supply pipe 150 are connected to a second layer gasification agent nozzle 220 of the gasification furnace.
Due to the fact that the gasifying agent supply system 100 is adopted to supply the gasifying agents to the gasifying agent nozzles of different layers of the gasification furnace 200, the composition of the gasifying agents required by the gasifying agent nozzles of different layers can be effectively controlled, and meanwhile complexity of the gasifying agent supply system and the control system is reduced. This is advantageous for stable and efficient operation of the gasification furnace.
In some embodiments, the gasifier 200 has higher requirements for the amount of gasifying agent steam and the steam-to-oxygen ratio of the first layer gasifying agent nozzles 210. To meet the above requirements, the ring duct 110 may be positioned relatively close to the first layer gasifying agent nozzles 210.
In the present invention, the gasification furnace 200 may employ a fixed bed gasification furnace. The fixed bed gasification furnace usually adopts lump coal as raw material, and reacts with a gasification agent under pressurization to prepare synthesis gas, and has the advantage of wide raw material adaptability. For example, the raw material coal may be selected from anthracite, bituminous coal, lignite, and the like. The gasification furnace 100 may be a solid slag discharge fixed bed gasification furnace or a liquid slag discharge fixed bed gasification furnace. Preferably, the gasifier 100 is a slagging-off fixed bed gasifier.
In some embodiments, the gasification furnace 200 includes a furnace body, which is provided with a gasification chamber, a coal inlet at the top, and a slag outlet at the bottom, and is sequentially divided into an upper region, a middle region, and a lower region in the height direction, wherein the first layer of gasification agent nozzles 210 are disposed in the lower region of the furnace body, and are used for introducing a first gasification agent into the lower region of the furnace body to perform a combustion reaction with the coal material after the gasification treatment in the upper region and the middle region of the furnace body; the second layer gasification agent nozzle 220 is arranged in the middle area of the furnace body and is used for introducing a second gasification agent into the middle area of the furnace body to participate in gasification reaction so as to generate coal gas.
Raw coal is fed into the gasification chamber through a coal inlet, and a first gasification agent is introduced into the lower region of the gasification chamber through a first layer gasification agent nozzle 210, and a second gasification agent is introduced into the middle region of the gasification chamber through a second layer gasification agent nozzle 220. The residual C-containing solid residue after the raw material coal is dried, dry distilled at low temperature, hydropyrolysis and gasification reaction of coke (or semi-coke) is contacted with a first gasification agent in the lower area to carry out combustion reaction so as to generate heat required by a series of reactions in the furnace, and simultaneously, reductive gases such as CO and the like are generated for the reaction. In the middle region of the gasification chamber, the second gasification agent is mixed with CO and H2The heat generated by the reaction creates the inhibited CH4Generation and promotion of CH4High temperature environment of conversion, ultimately producing low CH4Coal gas with high content. The high-temperature environment can also promote the cracking of tar generated in the coal gasification process, thereby reducing the tar content of coal gas and further improving the effective gas (CO and H)2) Ratio of occupation.
In some embodiments, the height of the furnace body is denoted by H, and the height of the second layer gasifying agent nozzles 220 is denoted by H, wherein: h is more than or equal to 0.3H and less than or equal to 0.6H. Alternatively, 0.35H ≦ H ≦ 0.55H, 0.4H ≦ H ≦ 0.5H, 0.42H ≦ H ≦ 0.47H, or 0.45H ≦ H ≦ 0.5H. Thus, the temperature in the furnace and the reaction can be controlled to be suitable for reducing CH of the coal gas4Content and tar content, and obtaining the coal gas with high effective gas ratio.
The furnace body includes a cylinder 200a, and a top flange 200b and a bottom flange 200c respectively provided at both ends of the cylinder. The height H of the furnace body means the distance from the top surface of the top flange 200b to the bottom surface of the bottom flange 200 c. The furnace body is provided with a second gasifying agent introducing port for arranging a second layer gasifying agent nozzle 220. The height h of the second layer gasifying nozzle 220 is the vertical distance from the horizontal line of the center of the second gasifying introduction port to the bottom surface of the bottom flange 200 c.
In some embodiments, the first layer gasifying agent nozzles 210 are arranged at a height g, wherein: g is more than or equal to 0.1H and less than or equal to 0.3H. Optionally, 0.15 H.ltoreq.g.ltoreq.0.25H, 0.1 H.ltoreq.g.ltoreq.0.2H, or 0.18 H.ltoreq.g.ltoreq.0.28H. The furnace body is provided with a first gasifying agent introducing port for arranging a first layer gasifying agent nozzle 210. The installation height g of the first layer gasifying agent nozzles 210 is defined as the vertical distance from the horizontal line of the center of the first gasifying agent introducing port to the bottom surface 200c of the bottom flange.
The gas outlet 230 of the gasification furnace 100 may be disposed at a side wall of the furnace body and near the coal inlet to fully utilize sensible heat of the gas.
Although not shown in the drawings, the coal gasification system of the present invention may further optionally include a coal feeding unit, a slag discharging unit, a jacket water circulating unit (the furnace body may be provided with a cooling water jacket), and the like. The coal charging unit, the slag discharging unit, and the jacket water circulating unit may each include related devices known in the art. As an example, the coal charging unit may include a coal lock connected to the coal inlet. As an example, the slag tapping unit may include a quench chamber and a slag lock, etc., connected to the slag tap. The liquid slag can be chilled in a chilling chamber to form glassy slag for resource recycling.
The invention also provides a gasification agent supply control method for the gasification agent supply system. The gasification agent supply control method comprises the following steps: determining design flow values of the oxygen supply pipeline 130, the first superheated steam supply pipeline 120, the mixed steam-oxygen supply pipeline 140 and the second superheated steam supply pipeline 150 according to the preset oxygen amount and the preset steam-oxygen ratio required by the first layer of gasifying agent nozzles and the preset oxygen amount and the preset steam-oxygen ratio required by the second layer of gasifying agent nozzles; the actual flow values are regulated according to the design flow values of the oxygen supply pipe 130, the first superheated steam supply pipe 120, the mixed steam supply pipe 140, and the second superheated steam supply pipe 150. The actual flow value can be regulated and controlled by a flow regulating valve according to the difference between the current actual flow value and the design flow value.
In some embodiments, the design flow value of the oxygen supply pipe 130 may be determined according to the preset oxygen amount required by the first layer gasifying agent nozzle and the preset oxygen amount required by the second layer gasifying agent nozzle. The design flow value of the first superheated steam pipe 120 may be determined according to the preset steam-to-oxygen ratio of the first layer gasifying agent nozzle and the actual flow value of the oxygen supply pipe 130. The design flow value of the oxygen mixture supply pipe 140 may be determined according to the ratio of the actual flow value of the first superheated steam pipe 120 to the actual flow value of the oxygen supply pipe 130 and the preset oxygen amount required for the second layer gasifying agent nozzle. The design flow value of the second superheated steam pipe 150 is determined according to the actual flow value of the mixed steam supply pipe 140 and the preset steam-oxygen ratio required by the second layer gasifying agent nozzle. Therefore, the gasification agent oxygen evaporation amount and the oxygen evaporation ratio of the first layer of gasification agent nozzles and the gasification agent oxygen evaporation amount and the oxygen evaporation ratio of the second layer of gasification agent nozzles can be controlled more reasonably and accurately.
In some embodiments, the gasifier may have the structure described herein. For example, the gasification furnace comprises a furnace body, the furnace body is provided with a gasification chamber, a coal inlet positioned at the top and a slag discharge port positioned at the bottom, the furnace body is sequentially divided into an upper region, a middle region and a lower region in the height direction, a first layer of gasification agent nozzle is arranged in the lower region of the furnace body, and a second layer of gasification agent nozzle is arranged in the middle region of the furnace body. The positions of the first layer gasification agent nozzles and the second layer gasification agent nozzles can be respectively described as the description. Wherein the volume flow ratio of the preset oxygen amount required by the first layer of gasifying agent nozzles to the preset oxygen amount required by the second layer of gasifying agent nozzles is 9: 1-5: 5, and preferably 7: 3-6: 4. The ratio of the volume flow is in a proper range, which is beneficial to reducing CH of the gas4The content of the coal gas is high, and the coal gas has high effective gas ratio.
Optionally, the preset steam-oxygen ratio required by the first layer gasifying agent nozzle is 0.8kg/Nm3～1.2kg/Nm3Optionally 0.9kg/Nm3～1.1kg/Nm3Or 0.95kg/Nm3～1.05kg/Nm3. The steam-oxygen ratio of the first layer of gasifying agent nozzles can promote the C-containing solid residues left after the reaction to carry out combustion reaction, generate heat required by a series of reactions in the furnace, and simultaneously generate reducing gases such as CO and the like for the reaction.
Alternatively, the preset steam-oxygen ratio required for the second layer gasifying agent nozzle is 2.0kg/Nm3～5.0kg/Nm3Or 2.5kg/Nm3～3.5kg/Nm3. The steam-oxygen ratio of the second layer of gasification agent nozzles can be selected and adjusted according to the type of raw material coal on the premise of ensuring that the coal material at the gasification agent introduction position is not burnt and melted. The smaller the steam-oxygen ratio of the second layer gasifying agent nozzle, the CH of the coal gas4The lower the content.
Alternatively, coals with high ash fusion points can be used with smaller secondary steam to oxygen ratios. As an example, the ash melting point of the raw material coal is more than 1400 ℃, and the preset steam-oxygen ratio required by the second layer gasifying agent nozzle can be selected to be 2.5kg/Nm3～3.5kg/Nm3。
Alternatively, coals with lower ash fusion points may employ larger secondary steam to oxygen ratios. As an example, the ash melting point of the raw material coal is 1400 ℃ or less, and the preset steam-oxygen ratio required by the second layer gasifying agent nozzle is 3.0kg/Nm3～5.0kg/Nm3。
Coal gasification is typically carried out under pressurized conditions. In some embodiments, the pressure of the gasification chamber may be selected to be between 0.8MPa and 6.0MPa, and may be selected to be between 2MPa and 5MPa, between 2.5MPa and 4.5MPa, or between 2.5MPa and 4.0 MPa.
In this context, the steam-to-oxygen ratio is the ratio of superheated steam to oxygen supplied to the gasifying agent nozzles. When the steam-oxygen ratio is in kg/Nm3Time, mass of water vapor in kg and oxygen in Nm3Volume ratio in kg/Nm3。Nm3Is a standard cubic meter and represents the amount of gas in 1 cubic meter at a pressure of one standard atmosphere (101.325kPa), a temperature of 0c, and a relative humidity of 0%.
Examples
Example 1
The gasification furnace is a liquid slag-discharging fixed bed gasification furnace. The lower part area of the furnace body is provided with a first layer of gasification agent nozzles, and the first layer of gasification agent nozzles comprise 4 gasification agent nozzles which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the furnace body. The setting height h of the first layer of gasifying agent nozzles is equal to 0.2 time of the height of the furnace body. The middle area of the furnace body is provided with a second layer of gasification agent nozzles, and the second layer of gasification agent nozzles comprise 2 gasification agent nozzles which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the furnace body. The setting height h of the gasification agent nozzles on the second layer is equal to 0.45 time of the height of the furnace body.
The gasifying agent supply system shown in FIG. 1 is used. Wherein the ring pipe is a circular ring pipe.
The raw material coal is anthracite block coal, and the ash melting point of the anthracite block coal is 1450 ℃. The raw material coal is added into the gasification chamber from a coal inlet at the top of the gasification furnace through a coal lock. Pure oxygen from air separation is sent into a steam-oxygen mixer through an oxygen supply pipeline, a strand of superheated steam is sent into the steam-oxygen mixer through a first superheated steam supply pipeline, the oxygen and the superheated steam are mixed and then enter an annular pipe, and the mixture is sprayed into a gasification furnace through a first layer of gasification agent nozzles to generate a series of combustion gasification reactions. The ring pipe also sprays a part of mixed gas of oxygen and superheated steam into the gasification furnace through a second layer of gasification agent nozzles, and the other part of superheated steam from the second superheated steam supply pipeline is sprayed into the gasification furnace through the second layer of gasification agent nozzles to generate a series of gasification reactions. In this embodiment, the master control unit performs automatic combined control on the flow meters and the flow regulating valves of the pipelines in the system through the first flow control module and the second flow control module, so that the control system is simplified, the gas flow and the gas ratio are accurately controlled, and higher safety performance of the coal gasification process can be obtained. The volume flow ratio of the preset oxygen amount of the first layer of gasifying agent nozzles to the preset oxygen amount of the second layer of gasifying agent nozzles is 6: 4. The preset steam-oxygen ratio of the first layer of gasifying agent nozzles is 0.96kg/Nm3. The preset steam-oxygen ratio of the second layer gasifying agent nozzle is 3.0kg/Nm3. Under the gasification pressure of 2.5MPa, the raw material coal is gasified to generate coal gas which is sent out from a coal gas outlet. The temperature of the gas at the gas outlet was about 900 ℃. The composition of the coal gas is shown in the table 1, wherein the content of each component is volume percentage content.
TABLE 1
Composition (I) H2 CO CO2 CH4 Tar oil
Content (wt.) 37.20％ 51.91％ 9.20％ 1.40％ 0.29％
From the above results, it can be seen that a high quality gas product can be obtained by using the method and system of the present invention. Tar and CH in coal gas4The content of (A) is low, and the content of effective gas is high.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto, and various equivalent modifications and substitutions can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (19)

1. A gasifying agent supply system for a multi-layer gasifying agent nozzle gasifier, comprising:
the loop pipe is provided with a first connecting port, a second connecting port and a third connecting port, and the first connecting port is used for connecting a first layer of gasification agent nozzles in the multi-layer gasification agent nozzles of the gasification furnace;
a first superheated steam supply conduit in communication with the second connection port of the loop;
an oxygen supply pipe communicated with the second connection port of the loop pipe;
the steam-oxygen mixed gas supply pipeline comprises a gas inlet end and a gas outlet end, the gas inlet end is connected with the third connecting port of the ring pipe, and the gas outlet end is used for connecting a second layer of gasifying agent nozzles in the multi-layer gasifying agent nozzles of the gasification furnace;
and the second superheated steam supply pipeline is used for connecting the second layer gasifying agent nozzle.
2. The gasifying agent supply system according to claim 1, further comprising a steam-oxygen mixer, wherein the first superheated steam supply pipe and the oxygen supply pipe are connected to an inlet of the steam-oxygen mixer, and an outlet of the steam-oxygen mixer is connected to the second connection port of the loop pipe.
3. The gasification agent supply system according to claim 1, wherein the ring conduit has 4 to 6 first connection ports for one-to-one connection with the first layer of gasification agent nozzles.
4. The gasifying agent supply system according to claim 1, further comprising 2 to 6 branch superheated steam pipes connected in parallel to the second superheated steam supply pipe, the 2 to 6 branch superheated steam pipes being adapted to be connected in one-to-one correspondence with the second-layer gasifying agent nozzles.
5. The gasification agent supply system according to claim 4, further comprising 2 to 6 steam-oxygen mixture branch pipes connected in parallel to the outlet end of the steam-oxygen mixture supply pipe so as to be connected in one-to-one correspondence with the second-layer gasification agent nozzles.
6. The gasification agent supply system according to claim 1, wherein a flow meter and a flow regulating valve are provided on the first superheated steam supply pipeline, a flow meter and a flow regulating valve are provided on the oxygen supply pipeline, the flow meter and the flow regulating valve on the first superheated steam supply pipeline and the flow meter and the flow regulating valve on the oxygen supply pipeline are signal-connected to a first flow control module, and the first flow control module is connected to a master control unit.
7. The gasification agent supply system according to claim 6, wherein the flow regulating valve on the first superheated steam supply pipeline is in signal connection with a flow meter, and the flow meter on the first superheated steam supply pipeline is in signal connection with the first flow control module;
the flow regulating valve on the oxygen supply pipeline is in signal connection with the flow meter, and the flow meter on the oxygen supply pipeline is in signal connection with the first flow control module.
8. The gasification agent supply system according to claim 6, wherein the flow meter on the first superheated steam supply pipe is located upstream of a flow regulating valve; the flow meter on the oxygen supply line is located upstream of the flow regulating valve.
9. The gasification agent supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a flow meter and a flow control valve are provided on the mixed vapor supply line, a flow meter and a flow control valve are provided on the second superheated vapor supply line, the flow meter and the flow control valve on the mixed vapor supply line and the flow meter and the flow control valve on the second superheated vapor supply line are signal-connected to a second flow control module, and the second flow control module is connected to the master control unit.
10. The gasification agent supply system according to claim 9, wherein the flow control valve and the flow meter on the steam-oxygen mixture supply pipeline are in signal connection, and the flow meter on the steam-oxygen mixture supply pipeline and the second flow control module are in signal connection;
and the flow regulating valve on the second superheated steam supply pipeline is in signal connection with the flow meter, and the flow meter on the second superheated steam supply pipeline is in signal connection with the second flow control module.
11. The gasification agent supply system according to claim 9, wherein the flow meter on the steam-oxygen mixture supply pipe is located upstream of the flow regulating valve; the flow meter on the second superheated steam supply line is located upstream of the flow regulating valve.
12. A coal gasification system comprising:
the gasification furnace is provided with a plurality of layers of gasification agent nozzles at intervals in the height direction;
the gasification agent supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the loop is connected to an outer wall of the gasification furnace, a first connection port of the loop is connected to a first layer of gasification agent nozzles among the multi-layer gasification agent nozzles of the gasification furnace, and the mixed steam supply line and the second superheated steam supply line are each connected to a second layer of gasification agent nozzles among the multi-layer gasification agent nozzles of the gasification furnace.
13. The coal gasification system according to claim 12, wherein the gasification furnace comprises a furnace body provided with a gasification chamber, a coal inlet at the top, and a slag outlet at the bottom, the furnace body being divided into an upper region, a middle region, and a lower region in the height direction, in this order,
the first layer of gasifying agent nozzles are arranged in the lower area of the furnace body and used for introducing a first gasifying agent into the lower area of the furnace body and carrying out combustion reaction on the first gasifying agent and the coal material subjected to gasification treatment in the upper area and the middle area of the furnace body;
the second layer of gasification agent nozzle is arranged in the middle area of the furnace body and is used for introducing a second gasification agent into the middle area of the furnace body to participate in gasification reaction so as to generate coal gas.
14. The coal gasification system of claim 12 or 13, wherein the bustle pipe is disposed adjacent to the first layer gasification agent injection nozzles.
15. The coal gasification system according to claim 13, wherein the furnace body has a height H, and the second layer gasifying agent nozzles are provided at a height H, wherein: h is more than or equal to 0.3H and less than or equal to 0.6H, or H is more than or equal to 0.45H and less than or equal to 0.5H.
16. A gasification agent supply control method for the gasification agent supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising:
determining design flow values of the oxygen supply pipeline, the first superheated steam supply pipeline, the mixed steam supply pipeline and the second superheated steam supply pipeline according to a preset oxygen amount and a preset steam-oxygen ratio required by the first layer of gasifying agent nozzles and a preset oxygen amount and a preset steam-oxygen ratio required by the second layer of gasifying agent nozzles;
and regulating and controlling an actual flow value according to the design flow values of the oxygen supply pipeline, the first superheated steam supply pipeline, the mixed steam-oxygen supply pipeline and the second superheated steam supply pipeline.
17. The control method according to claim 16, wherein the determining the design flow values of the oxygen supply line, the first superheated steam supply line, the mixed steam supply line and the second superheated steam supply line according to the preset oxygen amount and the preset steam-oxygen ratio required by the first layer gasifying agent nozzles and the preset oxygen amount and the preset steam-oxygen ratio required by the second layer gasifying agent nozzles comprises:
determining a design flow value of the oxygen supply pipeline according to the preset oxygen amount required by the first layer of gasifying agent nozzles and the preset oxygen amount required by the second layer of gasifying agent nozzles;
determining a design flow value of the first superheated steam pipeline according to a preset steam-oxygen ratio required by the first layer gasifying agent nozzle and an actual flow value of the oxygen supply pipeline;
determining a design flow value of the steam-oxygen mixture supply pipeline according to the ratio of the actual flow value of the first superheated steam pipeline to the actual flow value of the oxygen supply pipeline and the preset oxygen amount required by the second layer gasifying agent nozzle;
and determining the design flow value of the second superheated steam pipeline according to the actual flow value of the mixed steam and oxygen supply pipeline and the preset steam and oxygen ratio required by the second layer gasifying agent nozzle.
18. The control method according to claim 16, wherein the gasification furnace includes a furnace body provided with a gasification chamber, a coal inlet at a top, and a slag outlet at a bottom, the furnace body being divided into an upper region, a middle region, and a lower region in order in a height direction, the first layer of gasification agent nozzles being provided at the lower region of the furnace body, the second layer of gasification agent nozzles being provided at the middle region of the furnace body, wherein,
the ratio of the volume flow of the preset oxygen amount required by the first layer of gasifying agent nozzles to the volume flow of the preset oxygen amount required by the second layer of gasifying agent nozzles is 9: 1-5: 5, or 7: 3-6: 4.
19. The control method according to claim 18, wherein the preset steam-oxygen ratio required for the first layer gasifying agent nozzle is 0.8kg/Nm3～1.2kg/Nm3Or 0.95kg/Nm3～1.05kg/Nm3(ii) a And/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the preset steam-oxygen ratio required by the second layer gasifying agent nozzle is 2.0kg/Nm3～5.0kg/Nm3Or 2.5kg/Nm3～3.5kg/Nm3。
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