CN113664410A - Novel copper alloy deposited material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Novel copper alloy deposited material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113664410A
CN113664410A CN202110975792.4A CN202110975792A CN113664410A CN 113664410 A CN113664410 A CN 113664410A CN 202110975792 A CN202110975792 A CN 202110975792A CN 113664410 A CN113664410 A CN 113664410A
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copper alloy
producing
material according
deposited material
cladding material
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Inventor
罗志涛
张桓
于闯
金榕
丁晓华
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Jiangsu Hengtong Electric Power Special Wire Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Hengtong Electric Power Special Wire Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/302Cu as the principal constituent
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/001Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
    • B22D11/004Copper alloys
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/005Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of wire
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/14Plants for continuous casting
    • B22D11/145Plants for continuous casting for upward casting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/40Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C9/00Alloys based on copper
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C9/00Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/01Alloys based on copper with aluminium as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C9/00Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/05Alloys based on copper with manganese as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C9/00Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/06Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel copper alloy deposited material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of copper alloys. The preparation method of the copper alloy material mainly comprises the following steps: upward continuous casting, rough drawing, middle drawing, fine drawing and acid washing. The invention relates to an upward continuous casting method for a copper alloy material, which is a method for slowly and continuously extracting solid metal from a melt by utilizing a solution cooling crystallization principle. The corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant copper alloy deposited material prepared by the novel process scheme has the advantages of good performance, stable product quality, high production efficiency and production cost reduction. The copper alloy deposited material prepared by the invention has the advantages that the surface surfacing hardness is more than 175HBV, the salt spray corrosion is more than 72h, the wire feeding performance is good, and the product quality is obviously higher than other similar products.

Description

Novel copper alloy deposited material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of copper alloy, in particular to a novel copper alloy deposited material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The high manganese aluminum bronze copper alloy has good corrosion resistance and wear resistance, and is widely applied to the fields of mining, ships, wind energy and industry. For example, in the working process of a hydraulic support for underground operation in the coal industry, hard particles such as coal dust and the like are easily accumulated on the matching surface of the hydraulic support and an upright post to cause scratches, and moisture and H are easily mixed in hydraulic oil2S and other corrosive media, so that the inner surface of the bottom cylinder is corroded, the sealing effect is influenced, the lifting force is finally reduced, and the surface treatment and repair of the inner wall of the bottom cylinder are required. The wear resistance and the corrosion resistance of the inner wall of the bottom cylinder of the bracket are increased by chromium plating in the past, but the chromium plating has the disadvantages of high labor intensity, serious environmental pollution and high overall cost. Recently, a new process method is started to gradually replace a chemical chromium plating method, namely, a layer of high manganese aluminum bronze alloy is overlaid and welded on the inner wall of the bottom cylinder by using an argon arc welding machine to increase the hardness and the wear resistance of the bottom cylinder. The method has the advantages of high automation degree, low cost, wear resistance, obvious corrosion resistance effect and the like, and under the same working condition: the wear-resisting and corrosion-resistant properties of the strengthened and repaired inner wall of the bottom cylinder are greatly improved, the brinell hardness of the high-manganese bronze alloy subjected to cladding and surfacing after finish machining is greatly improved, and the service life of the high-manganese bronze alloy reaches more than 2 times of that of a new product. The existing production process of the high manganese aluminum bronze cladding material mainly has three defects: firstly, the oxygen content is higher, forms aluminium oxide impurity easily, and the line base quality is poor, and the broken silk rate of wire drawing is high, and the product output capacity is low. Secondly, the aperture of the leading-out rod is at least 10mm, 10 times of annealing and wire drawing processes are needed subsequently, the annealing times are many, and the production efficiency is low. Thirdly, the single furnace output rate is low, and the production efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a novel copper alloy deposited material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation process of the material has high production efficiency, low production cost and good stability.
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of a novel copper alloy deposited material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) melting copper, heating, adding nickel and iron, and carrying out first-step alloying; adding manganese and aluminum, carrying out second-step alloying, refining, and cooling to obtain an alloy melt;
(2) carrying out up-drawing continuous casting and peeling on the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) to obtain a wire blank; the drawing speed of the upward continuous casting is 1000-1200mm/min, and the pitch is 5-8 mm;
(3) carrying out rough drawing, middle drawing, fine drawing, wire rewinding, acid washing and polishing on the wire blank obtained in the step (2) in sequence to obtain the copper alloy deposited material; the die matching ratio of the rough drawing is 6.5-5.15-4.35-3.75-3.38-3.10, and annealing treatment is respectively carried out when the die matching ratio is 4.35 and 3.10; the mold matching ratio of the middle drawing is 3.10-2.85-2.57-2.32-2.19-2.01-1.81-1.50, and annealing treatment is respectively carried out when the mold matching ratio is 2.57, 2.01 and 1.50; the die matching ratio of the fine drawing is 1.50-1.35-1.23-1.17.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the temperature after temperature rise is 1240-1260 ℃.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the refining time is 1-2 h.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the temperature after the temperature reduction is 1150-1170 ℃.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in the step (2), the peeling is 0.1-0.2 mm. And a reverse drawing oil drawing machine is transformed into a copper peeling machine, and a peeling mode of a mold is fixed to completely remove pitch lines and surface defects.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), the annealing temperature is 750-850 ℃.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), the annealing time is 3.5-5.5 h.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), the take-up wire is required to be relatively fluffy, and the oxide skin is easily cleaned during acid washing.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), the acid washing is performed with a hydrochloric acid solution having a concentration of 18 to 25%. Soaking the fine-drawn wire blank in a hydrochloric acid solution for 15-20min, taking out, cleaning with clear water, and naturally drying. During acid washing, oxide skin is easy to clean, and the acid washing agent is low in price and high in efficiency.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), the polishing is to draw the pickled wire blank through a single-mode wire drawing machine to be wound on a sample disc.
In one embodiment of the invention, the copper alloy deposited material comprises, by mass, 4-7% of nickel, 3-6% of iron, 3-10% of manganese, 2-7% of aluminum, 0-0.5% of impurities, and the balance copper.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a novel copper alloy deposited material.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the copper alloy material is applied to an upward continuous casting method, and solid metal is slowly and continuously extracted from a melt by utilizing the solution cooling crystallization principle. The technological parameters of the up-drawing continuous casting production of the thin wire blank are easier to control, the thin wire blank is easier to produce than the horizontal continuous casting, and the subsequent annealing times of the welding wire and the casting of the wire blank have a great influence relationship. And the casting of the thinner wire blank reduces the subsequent wire drawing and annealing times, greatly improves the production efficiency and reduces the production cost.
(2) The novel copper alloy deposited material prepared by the invention has good performance, good processing performance and stable quality. The single furnace has large output, and the product amount of the single furnace is 2 tons.
(3) After the copper is melted on the inner wall of the high-manganese aluminum bronze welding wire prepared by the invention, the surface surfacing hardness is above 175HBV, the salt spray corrosion is above 72h, the wire feeding performance is good, and the product quality is obviously higher than that of other similar products.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific examples to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention and to practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
A novel copper alloy deposited material and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) smelting: putting 79 parts by mass of an electrolytic copper plate into an up-drawing casting furnace for melting, raising the temperature of the whole furnace to 1250 ℃ after melting, then putting 5.5 parts by mass of an electrolytic nickel plate and 4.5 parts by mass of an iron plate according to the requirement of element content, carrying out first-step alloying, after melting iron and nickel, putting 6.5 parts by mass of electrolytic manganese and 4.5 parts by mass of aluminum ingots according to the requirement of element content, carrying out second-step alloying, and after melting manganese and aluminum, refining for 1.5 h. Then, the temperature was lowered to 1160 ℃ to prepare for the up-draw.
(2) Four-head casting is adopted for the upward continuous casting, the casting speed is 1100mm/min, and the pitch is 7 mm.
(3) Peeling: the reverse oil drawing machine is transformed into a copper peeling machine, a die peeling mode is fixed, peeling is carried out for 0.15mm, and pitch lines and surface defects are completely removed.
(4) Rough drawing: and (4) roughly drawing the peeled wire blank on an oil drawing machine. The die matching is as follows: 6.5-5.15-4.35 (annealed) -3.75-3.38-3.10 (annealed); the annealing temperature is 800 ℃, and the annealing time is 4.5 h.
(5) Middle pulling: and (4) carrying out middle drawing on the roughly drawn wire blank on an oil drawing machine. 3.10-2.85-2.57 (annealed) -2.32-2.19-2.01 (annealed) -1.81-1.50 (annealed). The annealing temperature is 800 ℃, and the annealing time is 4.5 h.
(6) Fine drawing: and carrying out fine drawing on the medium-drawn wire blank on a single-mode reverse drawing machine. The mold matching ratio is 1.50-1.35-1.23-1.17.
(7) Taking up: the coiling is tidy, the coiled wire is fluffy, and oxide skin is easy to clean in the acid pickling process.
(8) Acid washing: soaking type acid cleaning, wherein acid liquor is prepared by industrial hydrochloric acid, and the concentration is adjusted to 20%. Soaking the fine-drawn wire blank in prepared acid liquor for 17min, taking out, cleaning with clear water, and naturally air drying.
(9) Winding a polishing layer: and drawing the wire blank subjected to acid pickling by a single-mode wire drawing machine, and winding the wire blank onto a sample disc.
Example 2
A novel copper alloy deposited material and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) smelting: 70 parts by mass of electrolytic copper plate is put into an up-drawing casting furnace to be melted, the temperature of the whole furnace is raised to 1240 ℃ after the melting, then 7 parts by mass of electrolytic nickel plate and 6 parts by mass of iron plate are firstly put according to the element content requirement to carry out the first step of alloying, after the melting of iron and nickel, 10 parts by mass of electrolytic manganese and 7 parts by mass of aluminum ingot are put according to the element content requirement to carry out the second step of alloying, after the melting of manganese and aluminum, the refining is carried out, and the refining time is 2 hours. Then, the temperature was lowered to 1150 ℃ to prepare for the up-draw.
(2) Four-head casting is adopted for the upward continuous casting, the casting speed is 1000mm/min, and the pitch is 5 mm.
(3) Peeling: the reverse oil drawing machine is transformed into a copper peeling machine, a die peeling mode is fixed, peeling is carried out for 0.1mm, and pitch lines and surface defects are completely removed.
(4) Rough drawing: and (4) roughly drawing the peeled wire blank on an oil drawing machine. The die matching is as follows: 6.5-5.15-4.35 (annealed) -3.75-3.38-3.10 (annealed); the annealing temperature is 750 ℃, and the annealing time is 5.5 h.
(5) Middle pulling: and (4) carrying out middle drawing on the roughly drawn wire blank on an oil drawing machine. 3.10-2.85-2.57 (annealed) -2.32-2.19-2.01 (annealed) -1.81-1.50 (annealed). The annealing temperature is 750 ℃, and the annealing time is 5.5 h.
(6) Fine drawing: and carrying out fine drawing on the medium-drawn wire blank on a single-mode reverse drawing machine. The mold matching ratio is 1.50-1.35-1.23-1.17.
(7) Taking up: the coiling is tidy, the coiled wire is fluffy, and oxide skin is easy to clean in the acid pickling process.
(8) Acid washing: soaking type acid cleaning, wherein acid liquor is prepared by industrial hydrochloric acid, and the concentration is adjusted to 18%. Soaking the fine-drawn wire blank in prepared acid liquor for 15min, taking out, cleaning with clear water, and naturally air drying.
(9) Winding a polishing layer: and drawing the wire blank subjected to acid pickling by a single-mode wire drawing machine, and winding the wire blank onto a sample disc.
Example 3
A novel copper alloy deposited material and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) smelting: putting 88 parts by mass of electrolytic copper plate into an upward casting furnace for melting, raising the temperature of the whole furnace to 1260 ℃ after melting, then putting 4 parts by mass of electrolytic nickel plate and 3 parts by mass of iron plate according to the element content requirement, carrying out first-step alloying, after melting iron and nickel, putting 3 parts by mass of electrolytic manganese and 2 parts by mass of aluminum ingot according to the element content requirement, carrying out second-step alloying, and after melting manganese and aluminum, refining for 1 h. Then, the temperature was lowered to 1170 ℃ to prepare for the up-draw.
(2) Four-head casting is adopted for the upward continuous casting, the casting speed is 1200mm/min, and the pitch is 8 mm.
(3) Peeling: the reverse oil drawing machine is transformed into a copper peeling machine, a die peeling mode is fixed, peeling is carried out for 0.2mm, and pitch lines and surface defects are completely removed.
(4) Rough drawing: and (4) roughly drawing the peeled wire blank on an oil drawing machine. The die matching is as follows: 6.5-5.15-4.35 (annealed) -3.75-3.38-3.10 (annealed); the annealing temperature is 850 ℃ and the annealing time is 3.5 h.
(5) Middle pulling: and (4) carrying out middle drawing on the roughly drawn wire blank on an oil drawing machine. 3.10-2.85-2.57 (annealed) -2.32-2.19-2.01 (annealed) -1.81-1.50 (annealed). The annealing temperature is 850 ℃ and the annealing time is 3.5 h.
(6) Fine drawing: and carrying out fine drawing on the medium-drawn wire blank on a single-mode reverse drawing machine. The mold matching ratio is 1.50-1.35-1.23-1.17.
(7) Taking up: the coiling is tidy, the coiled wire is fluffy, and oxide skin is easy to clean in the acid pickling process.
(8) Acid washing: soaking type acid cleaning, wherein acid liquor is prepared by industrial hydrochloric acid, and the concentration is adjusted to 25%. Soaking the fine-drawn wire blank in prepared acid liquor for 20min, taking out, cleaning with clear water, and naturally air drying.
(9) Winding a polishing layer: and drawing the wire blank subjected to acid pickling by a single-mode wire drawing machine, and winding the wire blank onto a sample disc.
Test example
The surface overlaying hardness and the salt spray corrosion performance of the copper alloy deposited material prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3 of the invention are tested.
The surface overlaying hardness performance of the copper alloy cladding material is subjected to an execution standard according to GB/T231.1-2018 Brinell hardness measurement.
Salt spray corrosion performance GBT2423.17-93 salt spray corrosion execution standard of copper alloy deposited material.
Table 1 shows the relevant parameters of the finally measured copper alloy deposited material:
TABLE 1
Test specimen Hardness of surface welding (HBV) Salt spray corrosion (h)
Example 1 187 83
Example 2 220 110
Example 3 175 72
As can be seen from Table 1, the copper alloy deposited material prepared by the invention has the advantages that the surface surfacing hardness is more than 175HBV, the salt spray corrosion is more than 72h, the wire feeding performance is good, and the product quality is obviously higher than other similar products. The wire feeding performance is good, and the product quality is obviously higher than other similar products.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The preparation method of the copper alloy deposited material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) melting copper, heating, adding nickel and iron, and carrying out first-step alloying; adding manganese and aluminum, carrying out second-step alloying, refining, and cooling to obtain an alloy melt;
(2) carrying out up-drawing continuous casting and peeling on the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) to obtain a wire blank; the drawing speed of the upward continuous casting is 1000-1200mm/min, and the pitch is 5-8 mm;
(3) carrying out rough drawing, middle drawing, fine drawing, wire rewinding, acid washing and polishing on the wire blank obtained in the step (2) in sequence to obtain the copper alloy deposited material; the die matching ratio of the rough drawing is 6.5-5.15-4.35-3.75-3.38-3.10, and annealing treatment is respectively carried out when the die matching ratio is 4.35 and 3.10; the mold matching ratio of the middle drawing is 3.10-2.85-2.57-2.32-2.19-2.01-1.81-1.50, and annealing treatment is respectively carried out when the mold matching ratio is 2.57, 2.01 and 1.50; the die matching ratio of the fine drawing is 1.50-1.35-1.23-1.17.
2. The method for producing a copper alloy cladding material according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the temperature after the temperature rise is 1240-1260 ℃.
3. The method for producing a copper alloy cladding material according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the refining time is 1-2 h.
4. The method for producing a copper alloy cladding material according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step (1), the temperature after temperature reduction is 1150-1170 ℃.
5. The method for producing a copper alloy cladding material according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), the peeling thickness is 0.1-0.2 mm.
6. The method for producing a copper alloy cladding material according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (3), the annealing temperature is 750-850 ℃.
7. The method for producing a copper alloy cladding material according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (3), the annealing time is 3.5-5.5 h.
8. The method for producing a copper alloy cladding material according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (3), the acid washing adopts hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 18-25%.
9. The method for producing a copper alloy cladding material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the copper alloy deposited material comprises, by mass, 4-7% of nickel, 3-6% of iron, 3-10% of manganese, 2-7% of aluminum, 0-0.5% of impurities and the balance of copper.
10. A copper alloy deposit produced by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202110975792.4A 2021-08-24 2021-08-24 Novel copper alloy deposited material and preparation method thereof Pending CN113664410A (en)

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CN115213586A (en) * 2022-08-22 2022-10-21 江苏亨通电力智网科技有限公司 Wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant manganese-aluminum bronze welding wire and preparation method thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115213586A (en) * 2022-08-22 2022-10-21 江苏亨通电力智网科技有限公司 Wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant manganese-aluminum bronze welding wire and preparation method thereof

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