CN113662017A - Application of composite plant essential oil - Google Patents
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- CN113662017A CN113662017A CN202111163243.3A CN202111163243A CN113662017A CN 113662017 A CN113662017 A CN 113662017A CN 202111163243 A CN202111163243 A CN 202111163243A CN 113662017 A CN113662017 A CN 113662017A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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Abstract
The invention provides application of compound plant essential oil, wherein the compound plant essential oil comprises a mixture of schisandra essential oil and valerian essential oil and is used for preventing and treating tea tree leaf spot. The composite plant essential oil has good inhibition effect on the leaf spot of tea tree caused by the diaphora (Didymella), and can be used as a novel botanical pesticide for development and use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant essential oil, and particularly relates to application of compound plant essential oil.
Background
The species of the Aschersonia (Didymella) fungi are many, and the Aschersonia fungi worldwide have abundant ecological diversity and are generally considered as one of the most diverse fungal groups, most of which are phytopathogens. The aschersonia pathogenic bacteria have various types and can cause various plant diseases. The variety of main tea tree diseases in China is nearly 130 or more, and great influence is brought to the yield and the quality of tea. Tea leaf spot disease caused by Aschersonia is one of common leaf spot diseases harmful to tea trees, and infected leaves form brown to black brown disease spots, which can cause deformed distortion of tea leaves and slow growth and development, seriously affect the quality and yield of tea leaves, but at present, safe, efficient and low-toxicity disease control measures are lacked.
Plant essential oils are a complex mixture of volatile compounds and are secondary metabolites produced by many plants. The main component of the plant essential oil is terpenoid, is known for medicinal properties such as oxidation resistance, bacteriostasis and the like and strong fragrance, is commonly used for food preservation, pain relief, tranquilization, inflammation diminishing, spasmolysis and local anesthesia, can also inhibit or delay the growth of bacteria, yeast and mould, and is a natural bacteriostatic agent capable of replacing chemical bacteriostatic agents.
Valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) is a perennial herb of the genus valerian of the family Valerianaceae. The active ingredients of valerian root have been reported to have analgesic, sedative, hypnotic and other effects. However, the studies of valerian active substances against plant diseases have not been reported.
The chinese pharmacopoeia describes that kadsura longepedunculata and kadsura longepedunculata are dry mature fruits of magnolia (schizandra chinensis rehd. et Wils.) and schizandra chinensis Baill (schidra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill.) belonging to magnoliaceae plants, respectively, but the description of the "nature and taste and meridian tropism" and the "function and indication" of the two are the same, and the schizandra chinensis contains volatile components (terpenes, fatty acids and derivatives thereof) and lignan components.
The plant essential oils of schisandra and valerian have less effect on plant fungal diseases as main bacteriostatic active substances, and especially the effect on tea tree fungal diseases is not reported.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the application of the compound plant essential oil aiming at the defects of the prior art, the compound plant essential oil has good inhibition effect on the leaf spot of the tea tree caused by the aschersonia, and can be used as a novel plant source pesticide for development and use.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the application of the compound plant essential oil comprises a mixture of schisandra essential oil and valerian essential oil, and the compound plant essential oil is used for preventing and treating tea tree leaf spot.
Preferably, the tea tree leaf spot is a leaf spot caused by the genus septoria (dymelalla).
Preferably, the mass ratio of the schisandra essential oil to the valerian essential oil in the composite plant essential oil is (3-5): 1.
Preferably, the compound plant essential oil further comprises a cosolvent, a surfactant and deionized water; the composite plant essential oil comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 2-5% of a mixture of schisandra essential oil and valerian essential oil, 8-10% of a cosolvent, 5% of a surfactant and the balance of deionized water.
Preferably, the cosolvent is absolute ethyl alcohol, and the surfactant is tween-80.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the composite plant essential oil has good inhibition effect on the leaf spot of tea tree caused by the diaphora (Didymella), and can be used as a novel botanical pesticide for development and use.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The use of a complex plant essential oil of the present example, comprising a mixture of schisandra essential oil and valerian essential oil, for the control of Leaf spot disease (Leaf spot disease) caused by sabina spp.
The schisandra essential oil and the valerian essential oil are extracted by a steam distillation method, are light yellow and have strong herb fragrance, and the specific extraction method comprises the following steps:
(1) the extraction method of the schisandra essential oil comprises the following steps:
200g of schisandra chinensis is taken and sieved by a 26-mesh sieve, the schisandra chinensis is placed in a 5000mL round-bottom flask, 2500mL of water is added for soaking overnight, the heating is stopped after the schisandra chinensis is boiled and extracted for 8 hours on a constant-temperature electric heating jacket, condensed water is introduced for refluxing until an extractor is cooled until no liquid flows down from a condensation pipe, and schisandra chinensis essential oil is collected.
(2) The extraction method of the valerian essential oil comprises the following steps:
200g of schisandra chinensis is taken and sieved by a 26-mesh sieve, the schisandra chinensis is placed in a 5000mL round-bottom flask, 3000mL of water is added for soaking overnight, the heating is stopped after the schisandra chinensis is boiled and extracted for 8 hours on a constant-temperature electric heating jacket, condensed water is introduced for refluxing until an extractor is cooled until no liquid flows down from a condensation pipe, and valerian essential oil is collected.
After the valerian essential oil is prepared into mother liquor by using a small amount of absolute ethyl alcohol, sterilized distilled water is added for dilution, the mother liquor is added into PDA culture medium for preparing medicine-containing culture medium with the concentration of 0.50, 1.00, 2.00, 3.00 and 6.00mg/mL, and the PDA culture medium without the medicine is used as a control, and each treatment is repeated for 3 times. The test strains were stored in the laboratory of the department of tea, university, southwest. The test strains cultured for 5 days are punched by a puncher with the diameter of 5mm to remove fungus cakes, the test strains are inoculated to the central position of a culture medium containing medicine and control PDA, one side containing the fungus colonies is fully contacted with the culture medium, the culture is carried out for 5 days in a constant temperature incubator at 25 +/-2 ℃, the diameters of the fungus colonies are measured by a cross method, and the average value is taken. Calculating bacteriostatic rate, regression equation of toxicity and EC by SPSS software50The results are shown in Table 1.
Preparing mother liquor from fructus Schisandrae essential oil with small amount of anhydrous ethanol, diluting with sterilized distilled water, adding into PDA culture medium to obtain medicated culture medium with concentration of 0.10, 0.25, 0.40, 0.60, 0.75mg/mL, and repeating each treatment for 3 times with PDA culture medium without drug as control. The test strain was a Didymella segetiola, a strain preserved in the department of tea, university in southwest. The test strains cultured for 5 days are punched by a puncher with the diameter of 5mm to remove fungus cakes, the test strains are inoculated to the central position of a culture medium containing medicine and control PDA, one side containing the fungus colonies is fully contacted with the culture medium, the culture is carried out for 5-7 days in a constant temperature incubator at 25 +/-2 ℃, the diameter of the fungus colonies is measured by a cross method, and the average value is taken. Calculating bacteriostatic rate, regression equation of toxicity and EC by SPSS software50The results are shown in Table 2.
The formula for calculating the bacteriostasis rate is as follows:
the inhibition rate is (control colony diameter-diameter of treated colony)/diameter of control colony x 100%
TABLE 1 indoor toxicity analysis of valerian essential oils against pathogenic bacteria of tea leaf spot
TABLE 2 indoor toxicity analysis of essential oil of Schisandra chinensis on pathogenic bacteria of leaf spot of tea tree
As can be seen from tables 1-2, the valerian essential oil and the schisandra essential oil both have antibacterial effects on the leaf spot of tea, and the schisandra essential oil has an antibacterial effect superior to the valerian essential oil.
The bactericide a-c is prepared from fructus Schisandrae essential oil, rhizoma et radix Valerianae essential oil, cosolvent (anhydrous ethanol), and surfactant (Tween-80).
The bactericide a is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 2% of compound plant essential oil (the mass ratio of the schisandra essential oil to the valerian essential oil is 3:1), 5% of cosolvent, 5% of surfactant and the balance of deionized water;
the bactericide b is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 3% of compound plant essential oil (the mass ratio of the schisandra essential oil to the valerian essential oil is 4:1), 8% of cosolvent, 5% of surfactant and the balance of deionized water;
the bactericide c is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 5% of compound plant essential oil (the mass ratio of the schisandra essential oil to the valerian essential oil is 4:1), 10% of cosolvent, 5% of surfactant and the balance of deionized water;
the bactericide d is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5% of compound plant essential oil (the mass ratio of the schisandra essential oil to the valerian essential oil is 5:1), 10% of cosolvent, 5% of surfactant and the balance of deionized water.
TABLE 3 bacteriostatic rate of compound essential oil on leaf spot of tea
| Bactericide | Bacteriostatic ratio (%) |
| Fungicide a | 66.7 |
| Fungicide b | 76.6 |
| Fungicide c | 83.3 |
| Fungicide d | 86.6 |
| Clear water control | — |
Note: "-" indicates no investigation.
As can be seen from Table 3, the bactericide a-d has an inhibiting effect on the tea leaf spot, the bacteriostasis rate can reach 66.7-86.6%, and the mass ratio of the schisandra essential oil to the valerian essential oil is (3-5): 1, the bacteriostasis effect on the tea leaf spot is remarkable.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The application of the compound plant essential oil is characterized in that the compound plant essential oil comprises a mixture of schisandra essential oil and valerian essential oil, and the compound plant essential oil is used for preventing and treating tea tree leaf spot.
2. The use of a composite plant essential oil according to claim 1, wherein the tea tree leaf spot is a leaf spot caused by Didymella, Aschersonia.
3. The application of the compound plant essential oil as claimed in claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the schisandra essential oil to the valerian essential oil in the compound plant essential oil is (3-5): 1.
4. The use of the compound plant essential oil as claimed in claim 3, wherein the compound plant essential oil further comprises a cosolvent, a surfactant and deionized water; the composite plant essential oil comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 2-5% of a mixture of schisandra essential oil and valerian essential oil, 8-10% of a cosolvent, 5% of a surfactant and the balance of deionized water.
5. The use of a composite plant essential oil according to claim 4, wherein the cosolvent is absolute ethanol and the surfactant is Tween-80.
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