CN113654797A - Bearing composite sensor - Google Patents
Bearing composite sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113654797A CN113654797A CN202110893288.XA CN202110893288A CN113654797A CN 113654797 A CN113654797 A CN 113654797A CN 202110893288 A CN202110893288 A CN 202110893288A CN 113654797 A CN113654797 A CN 113654797A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013399 early diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
- G01M13/045—Acoustic or vibration analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a bearing composite sensor, which relates to the technical field of sensors and is provided with a vibration sensing detection unit and a temperature sensing detection unit, wherein the vibration sensing detection unit is used for acquiring vibration data of a bearing of a railway wagon in the operation process and sending the vibration data to a data processing terminal for vibration data processing; the temperature sensing detection unit is used for acquiring temperature data of a bearing of the railway wagon in the operation process and sending the temperature data to the data processing terminal for temperature data processing, and the temperature sensing detection unit consists of a non-contact infrared detection unit and a contact detection unit and can acquire the temperature of the bearing and the ambient temperature at the same time, so that the acquired temperature data are more comprehensive.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sensors, and particularly relates to a bearing composite sensor.
Background
The method is characterized in that real-time monitoring and remote transmission of train on-line transportation state parameters are realized based on the demand of networking of a railway train freight system, the parameter data are analyzed through an upper cloud system or big data, remote monitoring and decision scheduling of various parameters of a train are realized, particularly early diagnosis, prediction and early warning of train bearing faults are realized, and further the train on-line monitoring and decision scheduling are linked with a train brake control system, so that an operator can take measures in time.
The existing sensor can only monitor a single datum in the bearing monitoring process, and in the running process of a railway wagon, the monitoring on the bearing temperature and the bearing vibration is more important, so that how to realize the composite monitoring on the bearing temperature and the bearing vibration is a problem which needs to be solved urgently, and therefore, the bearing composite sensor is provided at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bearing composite sensor.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: the bearing composite sensor comprises a vibration sensing detection unit and a temperature sensing detection unit, wherein the vibration sensing detection unit is used for acquiring vibration data of a bearing of the railway wagon in the operation process and sending the vibration data to a data processing terminal for vibration data processing; the temperature sensing detection unit is used for acquiring temperature data of the bearing of the railway wagon in the operation process and sending the temperature data to the data processing terminal for temperature data processing.
Furthermore, the vibration sensing detection unit is installed at two ends of a bearing of a bogie of the railway wagon, a short-distance unit is arranged inside the railway wagon, and the vibration sensing detection unit is in wireless connection with the short-distance unit.
Further, the temperature sensing detection unit is composed of a non-contact infrared detection unit and a contact detection unit.
Furthermore, the contact type infrared detection unit is used for detecting a bearing temperature value, and the non-contact type detection unit is used for detecting an environment temperature value; the process of acquiring the temperature data of the bearing comprises the following steps:respectively grouping each non-contact infrared detection unit and each contact detection unit, and carrying out sequence numbering; acquiring the temperature of the bearing through a contact infrared detection unit, and marking the acquired temperature of the bearing as ZCi(ii) a Acquiring the ambient temperature near the bearing through a non-contact detection unit and marking the ambient temperature as HWi。
Further, the process of acquiring the bearing vibration data by the vibration sensing and detecting unit comprises the following steps: numbering each vibration sensing detection unit, and recording the number of the acquisition terminal as k; marking the vibration sampling frequency of the vibration sensing detection unit as f; the vibration sampling period is marked as T, and the vibration sampling duration is marked as CT; obtaining the vibration frequency and the corresponding vibration amplitude of the bearing of the rail wagon through each vibration sensing detection unit, and respectively recording the vibration frequency and the vibration amplitude of the bearing of the rail wagon as ZfkAnd Zvk(ii) a And acquiring the running speed of the railway wagon, and recording the running speed of the railway wagon as Tv.
Further, the process of the data processing terminal for processing the temperature data includes: and respectively obtaining the single-shaft temperature rise D, the railway wagon shaft temperature coefficient ZX and the railway wagon temperature rise coefficient DX through formulas, and adjusting the detection process of the temperature sensing detection unit according to the processing result.
Further, the processing process of the data processing terminal on the vibration data specifically includes: obtaining an average vibration frequency value FX and an average vibration amplitude value VX of the bearing through a formula; judging that the vibration frequency of the bearing is abnormal when FX is more than or equal to F0 and the duration exceeds t; otherwise, judging that the vibration frequency of the bearing is normal; when VX is larger than or equal to V0 and the duration time exceeds t, judging that the vibration amplitude of the bearing is abnormal; otherwise, judging that the vibration amplitude of the bearing is normal.
Furthermore, the near-distance unit is provided with a CAN interface and is connected with the data processing terminal through the CAN interface.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the vibration sensing detection unit is used for acquiring vibration data of a bearing of the railway wagon in the operation process and sending the vibration data to the data processing terminal for vibration data processing; the temperature sensing detection unit is used for acquiring temperature data of a bearing of the railway wagon in the operation process and sending the temperature data to the data processing terminal for temperature data processing, and the temperature sensing detection unit consists of a non-contact infrared detection unit and a contact detection unit and can acquire the temperature of the bearing and the ambient temperature at the same time, so that the acquired temperature data are more comprehensive.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a bearing combi sensor.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the bearing composite sensor comprises a vibration sensing detection unit and a temperature sensing detection unit, wherein the vibration sensing detection unit is used for acquiring vibration data of a bearing of a railway wagon in the operation process and sending the vibration data to a data processing terminal for vibration data processing; the temperature sensing detection unit is used for acquiring temperature data of the bearing of the railway wagon in the operation process and sending the temperature data to the data processing terminal for temperature data processing;
the vibration sensing detection units are arranged at two ends of a bearing of a railway wagon bogie, the railway wagon is internally provided with near distance units, and the vibration sensing detection units are in wireless connection with the near distance units; the near-distance unit is provided with a CAN interface and is connected with the data processing terminal through the CAN interface.
The temperature sensing detection unit consists of a non-contact infrared detection unit and a contact detection unit, wherein the temperature measurement range of the non-contact infrared detection unit is-50-200 ℃, and the temperature detection error range of the non-contact infrared detection unit is as follows:
the temperature measuring range of the contact type detecting unit is-40 to +85 ℃; the temperature detection error range of the contact detection unit is as follows: when the detected temperature value is-40 to-20 ℃, the error range is +/-2 ℃; when the detection temperature value is-20-85 ℃, the error range is +/-0.5 ℃;
the contact type infrared detection unit is used for detecting a bearing temperature value, and the non-contact type detection unit is used for detecting an environment temperature value; the specific acquisition process of the temperature data of the bearing comprises the following steps:
step C1: respectively grouping each non-contact infrared detection unit and each contact detection unit, and numbering the non-contact infrared detection units and the contact detection units sequentially, wherein i is 1, 2, … …, n is a positive integer;
step C2: acquiring the temperature of the bearing through a contact infrared detection unit, and marking the acquired temperature of the bearing as ZCi；
Step C3: acquiring the ambient temperature near the bearing through a non-contact detection unit and marking the ambient temperature as HWi；
Step C4: and C1-C3 to obtain temperature data.
It needs to be further explained that the collection cycle of the bearing temperature and the ambient temperature is 1-3S; and the working environment of the non-contact infrared detection unit and the contact detection unit meets the following requirements:
working environment temperature range: -55 to 150 ℃;
working environment humidity range: relative humidity 5% -95% R.H;
working environment atmospheric pressure: 86 to 106 kPa;
protection grade: IP 66;
the national standard is met:
meets the relevant requirements of GB/T25119-.
The impact vibration meets the requirements of GB/T21563 'test for testing the impact and vibration of rail transit locomotive equipment';
the electromagnetic compatibility meets the requirement of GB/T24338.4 part 3-2 locomotive equipment for rail transit electromagnetic compatibility;
GB/T25119-2010 rail transit locomotive vehicle electronic device;
it should be further explained that the contact type temperature detection unit is connected and contacted with the bearing part, is used for indirectly measuring the temperature of the bearing, is used for supplementing the detection of the temperature of the shaft, forms the redundancy of the measurement of the temperature data of the shaft, and increases the reliability of the measurement. In addition, the non-contact infrared temperature sensor is integrated with an ambient temperature detection sensor, and detects the ambient temperature around the train bearing in real time so as to correct and compensate the detected bearing temperature data.
The process of acquiring the bearing vibration data by the vibration sensing detection unit specifically comprises the following steps:
step Z1: numbering each vibration sensing detection unit, and recording the number of the acquisition terminal as k, wherein k is an integer;
step Z2: marking the vibration sampling frequency of the vibration sensing detection unit as f, wherein f is more than or equal to 500 HZ; the vibration sampling period is marked as T, and the vibration sampling duration is marked as CT;
step Z3: obtaining the vibration frequency and the corresponding vibration amplitude of the bearing of the rail wagon through each vibration sensing detection unit, and respectively recording the vibration frequency and the vibration amplitude of the bearing of the rail wagon as ZfkAnd Zvk；
Step Z4: acquiring the running speed of the railway wagon, and recording the running speed of the railway wagon as Tv;
step C5: and C, sending the vibration data collected in the steps C1-C4 to a data processing terminal.
It should be further noted that the vibration data is collected every 10 minutes, 5 seconds for each collection, and the vibration data collection function can be selectively turned on or off as required.
The data processing terminal is used for respectively processing the acquired temperature data and the acquired vibration data, and the processing process of the temperature data specifically comprises the following steps:
step F1: by the formula D ═ ZCi-HWiObtaining a single-shaft temperature rise D;
step F2: by the formula ZX ═ JC-alpha and
respectively obtaining a railway wagon shaft temperature coefficient ZX and a railway wagon temperature rise coefficient DX, wherein alpha is a system preset temperature threshold and is larger than 0; JC is an absolute temperature value, and m is the total number of bearings; the absolute temperature value is published and describes the real temperature of an objective world, is also the basis for establishing an international protocol temperature scale and is a method for calibrating and quantifying the temperature;
step F3: and adjusting the detection process of the temperature sensing detection unit according to the processing results of the steps F1-F2.
It should be further noted that the detection process of the temperature sensing detection unit is adjusted in a manner meeting the following criteria:
the processing process of the data processing terminal on the vibration data specifically comprises the following steps:
by the formula
And
respectively obtaining the average vibration frequency value FX and the average vibration amplitude of the bearingA value of the metric;
judging that the vibration frequency of the bearing is abnormal when FX is more than or equal to F0 and the duration exceeds t; wherein t is a system preset time threshold; otherwise, judging that the vibration frequency of the bearing is normal.
When VX is larger than or equal to V0 and the duration time exceeds t, judging that the vibration amplitude of the bearing is abnormal; otherwise, judging that the vibration frequency of the bearing is normal.
The foregoing is illustrative and explanatory of the structure of the invention, and various modifications, additions or substitutions in a similar manner to the specific embodiments described may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the structure or scope of the invention as defined in the claims. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The bearing composite sensor is characterized by comprising a vibration sensing detection unit and a temperature sensing detection unit, wherein the vibration sensing detection unit is used for acquiring vibration data of a bearing of a railway wagon in the operation process and sending the vibration data to a data processing terminal for vibration data processing; the temperature sensing detection unit is used for acquiring temperature data of the bearing of the railway wagon in the operation process and sending the temperature data to the data processing terminal for temperature data processing.
2. The composite bearing sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vibration sensing and detecting unit is installed at two ends of a bearing of a bogie of a railway wagon, a short-distance unit is installed inside the railway wagon, and the vibration sensing and detecting unit is wirelessly connected with the short-distance unit.
3. The composite bearing sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature sensing unit is composed of a non-contact infrared detection unit and a contact detection unit.
4. The bearing composite sensor as claimed in claim 3, wherein the contact infrared detection unit is used for detecting bearing temperature value, and the non-contact detection unit is used for detecting environment temperature value; the process of acquiring the temperature data of the bearing comprises the following steps: respectively grouping each non-contact infrared detection unit and each contact detection unit, and carrying out sequence numbering; acquiring the temperature of the bearing through a contact infrared detection unit, and marking the acquired temperature of the bearing as ZCi(ii) a Acquiring the ambient temperature near the bearing through a non-contact detection unit and marking the ambient temperature as HWi。
5. The sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process of the vibration sensing unit acquiring the vibration data of the bearing comprises: numbering each vibration sensing detection unit, and recording the number of the acquisition terminal as k; marking the vibration sampling frequency of the vibration sensing detection unit as f; the vibration sampling period is marked as T, and the vibration sampling duration is marked as CT; obtaining the vibration frequency and the corresponding vibration amplitude of the bearing of the rail wagon through each vibration sensing detection unit, and respectively recording the vibration frequency and the vibration amplitude of the bearing of the rail wagon as ZfkAnd Zvk(ii) a And acquiring the running speed of the railway wagon, and recording the running speed of the railway wagon as Tv.
6. The composite bearing sensor according to claim 1, wherein the processing of the temperature data by the data processing terminal comprises: and respectively obtaining the single-shaft temperature rise D, the railway wagon shaft temperature coefficient ZX and the railway wagon temperature rise coefficient DX, and adjusting the detection process of the temperature sensing detection unit according to the processing result.
7. The composite bearing sensor according to claim 1, wherein the processing of the vibration data by the data processing terminal specifically comprises: obtaining an average vibration frequency value FX and an average vibration amplitude value VX of the bearing through a formula; judging that the vibration frequency of the bearing is abnormal when FX is more than or equal to F0 and the duration exceeds t; otherwise, judging that the vibration frequency of the bearing is normal; when VX is larger than or equal to V0 and the duration time exceeds t, judging that the vibration amplitude of the bearing is abnormal; otherwise, judging that the vibration amplitude of the bearing is normal.
8. The composite bearing sensor as claimed in claim 2, wherein the near unit is provided with a CAN interface, and the near unit is connected with the data processing terminal through the CAN interface.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110893288.XA CN113654797A (en) | 2021-08-04 | 2021-08-04 | Bearing composite sensor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110893288.XA CN113654797A (en) | 2021-08-04 | 2021-08-04 | Bearing composite sensor |
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| CN113654797A true CN113654797A (en) | 2021-11-16 |
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| CN107458418A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-12-12 | 深圳市亚泰光电技术有限公司 | self-powered train operation state monitoring system |
| CN111521421A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-11 | 佳讯飞鸿（北京）智能科技研究院有限公司 | Freight train axle state monitoring and early warning system and method |
| CN113060180A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-07-02 | 株洲科盟车辆配件有限责任公司 | Railway freight car bearing temperature safety monitoring system |
-
2021
- 2021-08-04 CN CN202110893288.XA patent/CN113654797A/en active Pending
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| RU2209410C1 (en) * | 2001-11-21 | 2003-07-27 | Открытое акционерное общество "ВНИПП" | Method of diagnosis of bearings |
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