CN113647420A - Biogenic pesticide for resisting diseases and insect pests of solanaceous vegetables - Google Patents
Biogenic pesticide for resisting diseases and insect pests of solanaceous vegetables Download PDFInfo
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- CN113647420A CN113647420A CN202111044631.XA CN202111044631A CN113647420A CN 113647420 A CN113647420 A CN 113647420A CN 202111044631 A CN202111044631 A CN 202111044631A CN 113647420 A CN113647420 A CN 113647420A
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/20—Fabaceae or Leguminosae [Pea or Legume family], e.g. pea, lentil, soybean, clover, acacia, honey locust, derris or millettia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/32—Ranunculaceae [Buttercup family], e.g. hepatica, hydrastis or goldenseal
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/46—Stemonaceae [Stemona family], e.g. croomia
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and particularly discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition capable of helping solanaceous vegetables to resist plant diseases and insect pests, which is composed of the following raw material medicines in parts by weight: 9-11 parts of celastrus angulatus, 9-11 parts of garden balsam stem, 4-6 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 9-11 parts of dittany bark, 4-6 parts of radix stemonae, 2-4 parts of purslane, 9-11 parts of black pepper, 4-6 parts of liquorice, 4-6 parts of quisqualis, 2-4 parts of hairyvein agrimony, 4-6 parts of rhizoma cimicifugae, 4-6 parts of Chinese torreya seed, 2-4 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 2-4 parts of polygonum aviculare, 2-4 parts of betel nut, 4-6 parts of artemisia annua, 2-4 parts of solidago decurrens and 2-4 parts of dandelion. The invention also discloses a biological pesticide prepared from the traditional Chinese medicine composition and auxiliary materials and application of the biological pesticide in prevention and treatment of diseases and insect pests of solanaceous vegetables. The traditional Chinese medicine raw materials have different pharmacological characteristics, have better insect killing, insect expelling and sterilizing effects after being mutually compatible, can be widely used for preventing and treating diseases, and have no pesticide residue to reduce environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and particularly discloses a biogenic pesticide capable of helping solanaceous vegetables to resist plant diseases and insect pests.
Background
Solanaceous vegetables refer to vegetables of solanaceae with berries as main edible organs, and are main summer vegetables throughout the country. However, the same diseases and insect pests can be caused by similar environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity in the seedling stage and the adult stage of the solanaceous vegetables. According to incomplete statistics, the current use situation of the registered pesticides of solanaceous vegetables is still that traditional chemical pesticides are used mostly, and the pesticide mainly takes a bactericidal formulation as a main component. The chemical pesticide makes great contribution to improving the crop yield and solving the survival problem of human beings. But also leave a plurality of problems of high toxicity, high residue, high pollution and the like in the production and use processes. Meanwhile, vegetable growers often do not realize the risk of using highly toxic pesticides on vegetables in pursuit of high efficiency of pest control. Therefore, the main contradiction between the disease and insect damage of the solanaceous vegetables and the overproof pesticide residue is overcome, the important bottleneck for solving the quality problem of the solanaceous vegetables is still solved, and the problems also influence the healthy development of the vegetable industry.
At present, the development of novel green, high-quality, high-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-pollution and even pollution-free pesticides becomes the development direction of modern pesticides. The biogenic pesticide refers to pesticide which directly utilizes bioactive substances generated in living organisms or in a biological metabolism process or extracts substances from organisms as pests and diseases, and comprises plant sources, animal sources, agricultural antibiotics, living microorganisms and the like. Many medicinal plants produce various different secondary metabolites for resisting the invasion of plant diseases and insect pests, the metabolites can play the same role as chemical pesticides, and can be degraded under natural environmental conditions after being used due to the fact that the metabolites are derived from organisms, so that the problem of pesticide residues is greatly solved, and the biological pesticide has the characteristics of low toxicity, safety to natural enemies of pests and the like, and meanwhile, the chemical components are complex and are not easy to generate drug resistance. Therefore, the biogenic pesticide becomes a pollution-free pesticide which is ideal for solving the problem of chemically synthesized pesticide 3R. Based on the above practical situation, there is a need for a biogenic pesticide which can achieve the purposes of reducing the pest and disease attack and pesticide residue of solanaceous vegetables and reducing environmental pollution on the basis of wide disease prevention and treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a biological source pesticide for resisting the diseases and insect pests of solanaceous vegetables, which can be used for seed dressing, spraying and sprinkling, and is mainly applied to the prevention and the treatment of the diseases and the insect pests of the solanaceous vegetables.
Based on the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition for resisting diseases and insect pests of solanaceous vegetables, which is characterized by comprising the following raw material medicines in parts by weight: 9-11 parts of celastrus angulatus, 9-11 parts of garden balsam stem, 4-6 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 9-11 parts of dittany bark, 4-6 parts of radix stemonae, 2-4 parts of purslane, 9-11 parts of black pepper, 4-6 parts of liquorice, 4-6 parts of quisqualis, 2-4 parts of hairyvein agrimony, 4-6 parts of rhizoma cimicifugae, 4-6 parts of Chinese torreya seed, 2-4 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 2-4 parts of polygonum aviculare, 2-4 parts of betel nut, 4-6 parts of sweet wormwood, 2-4 parts of solidago and 2-4 parts of dandelion, wherein the source of the raw material medicines is a traditional Chinese medicine or a traditional Chinese medicine extract equivalent to the crude drug amount of the traditional Chinese medicine.
Preferably, the traditional Chinese medicine composition consists of the following raw material medicines in parts by weight: 10 parts of celastrus angulatus, 10 parts of garden balsam stem, 5 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 10 parts of dittany bark, 5 parts of radix stemonae, 3 parts of purslane, 10 parts of black pepper, 5 parts of liquorice, 5 parts of rangoon creeper fruit, 3 parts of hairyvein agrimony, 5 parts of cimicifugae foetidae, 5 parts of Chinese torreya seed, 3 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 3 parts of polygonum aviculare, 3 parts of betel nut, 5 parts of sweet wormwood seed, 3 parts of solidago decurrens and 3 parts of dandelion, wherein the source of the raw materials is traditional Chinese medicines or traditional Chinese medicine extracts equivalent to the crude drug amount of the traditional Chinese medicines.
Preferably, the traditional Chinese medicine composition is a water extract of raw material medicines.
More preferably, the traditional Chinese medicine composition takes celastrus angulatus, garden balsam stem, dittany bark and black pepper as monarch drugs, takes lightyellow sophora root, sessile stemona root, rangoon creeper fruit, hairyvein agrimonia herb and bud, largetrifoliolious wormwood herb and solidago decurrens as ministers, takes purslane, liquorice, Chinese mugwort leaf, common knotweed herb and dandelion as guides, and takes torreya seed and betel nut as assistants.
The invention provides a preparation method of a traditional Chinese medicine composition for resisting diseases and insect pests of solanaceous vegetables, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: soaking the raw materials in water for 4-6 h, decocting for 2 times, after each time of decoction is boiled, decocting for 1 h with strong fire, turning to slow fire for 1 h, stopping the fire, pouring out, filtering, and combining filtrates to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine composition.
More preferably, the water is purified water, and the addition amount of the water is 4-6 times of that of the raw material medicine.
The third aspect of the invention provides a biogenic pesticide for resisting diseases and insect pests of solanaceous vegetables, which is prepared from the traditional Chinese medicine composition for resisting the diseases and insect pests of the solanaceous vegetables and ethanol.
Preferably, the biogenic pesticide is an aqueous agent.
More preferably, the ethanol is added in an amount of 10% of the volume of the traditional Chinese medicine composition, and the ethanol is absolute ethanol.
The fourth aspect of the invention provides application of the biogenic pesticide product for resisting the diseases and insect pests of the solanaceous vegetables, which is prepared by the preparation method, in preventing and treating the diseases and insect pests of the solanaceous vegetables.
The using method comprises the following steps: diluting the liquid medicine by 30 times, spraying the diluted liquid medicine about 5-7 days after the vegetable seedlings are transplanted, directly applying the diluted liquid medicine to corresponding diseased parts of the vegetables according to different types of diseases or insect pests, and spraying the diluted liquid medicine to the corresponding diseased parts of the vegetables; the mixture is used for 1 time every 7 to 10 days and sprayed for a week; the purpose of preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests can be achieved by continuously using the fertilizer for 2-4 times.
In the invention, the root bark and stem bark of celastrus angulatus are an insecticide and a sterilizing agent; the beta-dihydroagarofuran polyol ester compound is an effective insecticidal component and has the effects of anesthesia, antifeedant and poison killing on pests. The water decoction of the roots and leaves of the Torilis japonica has strong toxicity to the larvae of Pieris rapae, Musca domestica and Culex tritaeniorhynchus; the contained tuberculate speranskia herb alcohol acetate is an insecticidal component with good effect, and the tuberculate speranskia herb is usually decocted with water to kill fly maggots and cabbage caterpillars in folk. Radix Sophorae Flavescentis has effects of clearing heat, eliminating dampness, and killing parasite; the contained matrine has insecticidal and bactericidal activity, is a natural plant broad-spectrum insecticide, and has better control effect on aphids, cabbage caterpillars, armyworms, other lepidoptera pests, red spiders and other pests. The dittany bark has good insecticidal activity, the lethality rate to crickets and grasshoppers reaches 100%, the food refusal rate to three-instar armyworms is 87.8%, and the lethality rate is 83.3%. The radix stemonae has the functions of killing lice and insects without losing qi and blood; contains various alkaloids; has inhibitory effect on various cocci, bacilli and dermatophytes; in combination with Ku Shen, it can enhance the insecticidal action. Herba Portulacae has effects of disease resistance, killing parasite, removing toxic substance, resisting cold, removing bacteria, and expelling parasite. The black pepper has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and stronger antibacterial action on certain plant pathogenic bacteria and common microorganisms in food; it is reported that the black pepper essential oil has an inhibitory effect on the growth of hyphae of pathogenic bacteria of botrytis cinerea and fusarium oxysporum f.sp. The liquorice has various pharmacological actions such as liver protection, anti-inflammation, antioxidation, antibiosis and the like; the traditional licorice extract has inhibitory activity to human pathogenic bacteria. The rangooncreeper fruit has the insecticidal effect; in vitro tests, the rangooncreeper fruit has stronger expelling efficiency on the leech; the water extract has different degrees of inhibition effect on dermatophytes in vitro. Herba et Gemma Agrimoniae can expel parasite, and has inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella flexneri, and Salmonella typhi. Cimicifugae rhizoma is bitter in taste, slightly cold in nature, nontoxic, and can be used for treating seasonal pathogenic factors, pestilence, headache, cold and heat, miliaria, and heat and itch. The Chinese torreya seed contains a large amount of Chinese torreya seed oil, has the effects of resisting bacteria and diminishing inflammation, can effectively expel various parasites in intestinal tracts, has the characteristic of killing insects without damaging vital qi of human bodies, and has the insecticidal capability equivalent to that of the Chinese medicine rangooncreeper fruit. The folium artemisiae argyi is a broad-spectrum antibacterial and antiviral drug and has a certain inhibition effect on viruses and bacteria; the contained flavonoid compound is used as the main active ingredient of the botanical pesticide. The herba Polygoni Avicularis has effects of preventing and treating mirid bug and vegetable green, and inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus dysenteriae in the area of fortune, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and dermatophyte. The Arecae semen contains alkaloid, arecaidine, demethylarecaidine, demethyl essence, and areca red pigment, and has pesticidal effect. The Artemisia annua L has antibacterial, antiviral, and antiparasitic effects. The solidago virgaurea has bactericidal activity and can be used as a pesticide or a pesticide synergist; the decoction has different degrees of inhibition effects on staphylococcus aureus and typhoid bacillus, has strong sterilization effect on red ringworm and poultry ringworm, has anti-candida albicans effect on the water decoction alcohol extract, and has the same curative effect as nystatin. The dandelion has the effects of resisting pathogenic microorganisms and tumors, has strong bactericidal effect on staphylococcus aureus drug-resistant strains and hemolytic streptococcus, and also has certain bactericidal effect on diplococcus pneumoniae, meningococcus, diphtheria bacillus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus bacillus, dysentery bacillus, typhoid bacillus and catacoccus.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the traditional Chinese medicine composition takes celastrus angulatus, garden balsam stem, dittany bark and black pepper as monarch drugs, takes lightyellow sophora root, sessile stemona root, quisqualis indica, hairyvein agrimonia herb and bud, rhizoma cimicifugae, sweet wormwood seed and solidago decurrens as minister drugs, takes purslane herb, liquorice, argy wormwood leaf, polygonum aviculare and dandelion as guide drugs, and takes torreya seed and betel nut as adjuvant drugs. The traditional Chinese medicine raw materials have different pharmacological characteristics, have better effects of killing insects, expelling parasites and sterilizing after being mutually compatible, can prevent and treat diseases, and have wide application range. The biogenic pesticide prepared from the traditional Chinese medicine composition can kill or inhibit common diseases and insect pests of solanaceous vegetables, such as virus diseases, epidemic diseases, bacterial wilt, aphid, cabbage caterpillar, red spider and the like.
(2) The biological source pesticide prepared by the invention adopts a pure traditional Chinese medicine preparation, is not added with chemical pesticide, has the characteristics of low toxicity and safety, has short residue time in soil and crops, even has no residue and is environment-friendly compared with the single use of the chemical pesticide. Compared with the prior prevention of disease treatment, the biological source pesticide has better effects of killing insects, expelling parasites and sterilizing, can be widely used for preventing and treating diseases, is harmless when being applied in advance, can be absorbed by plants when being applied, becomes a nutrient solution with the function of resisting diseases and insect pests, is convenient to use, and has popularization and application values.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a comparison view of root conditions of seedlings of hot pepper after application of a pesticide, wherein the left side in the figure is a view of the root conditions of seedlings of hot pepper when the biogenic pesticide of the present invention is applied, and the right side in the figure is a view of the root conditions of seedlings of hot pepper when the chemical pesticide is applied;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the growth of the root system of a pepper to which the biogenic pesticide of the present invention is applied;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of leaves and fruit set of Capsicum annuum containing biological pesticide of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the growth of pepper fruits to which the biogenic pesticide of the present invention was applied.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical schemes and advantages of the present invention more clear, the biogenic pesticide for resisting the diseases and insect pests of solanaceous vegetables of the present invention is further described in detail by the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
A traditional Chinese medicine composition for resisting diseases and insect pests of solanaceous vegetables comprises the following raw material medicines in parts by weight: 10 parts of celastrus angulatus, 10 parts of garden balsam stem, 5 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 10 parts of dittany bark, 5 parts of radix stemonae, 3 parts of purslane, 10 parts of black pepper, 5 parts of liquorice, 5 parts of rangoon creeper fruit, 3 parts of hairyvein agrimony, 5 parts of rhizoma cimicifugae, 5 parts of Chinese torreya seed, 3 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 3 parts of polygonum aviculare, 3 parts of betel nut, 5 parts of sweet wormwood seed, 3 parts of solidago decurrens and 3 parts of dandelion.
The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following specific steps: soaking the raw materials in 5 times of water for 4-6 h, boiling with fire, decocting with strong fire for 1 h, decocting with slow fire for 1 h, filtering to obtain filtrate, adding 4 times of water into the residue, decocting with the same method for 1 time, and mixing the filtrates.
A preparation method of a biogenic pesticide for resisting diseases and insect pests of solanaceous vegetables comprises the following specific steps: preparing the traditional Chinese medicine composition; adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the traditional Chinese medicine composition, wherein the addition amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 10% of the volume of the traditional Chinese medicine composition, and obtaining the finished product of the biological pesticide.
The using method comprises the following steps: diluting the prepared biological source pesticide by 30 times, spraying the diluted biological source pesticide about 5-7 days after transplanting vegetable seedlings, directly applying the diluted biological source pesticide to corresponding diseased parts of vegetables according to different types of diseases or insect pests, and spraying the diluted biological source pesticide to the corresponding diseased parts of the vegetables; the mixture is used for 1 time every 7 to 10 days and sprayed for a week; the purpose of preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests can be achieved by continuously using the fertilizer for 2-4 times.
Example 2
A traditional Chinese medicine composition for resisting diseases and insect pests of solanaceous vegetables is composed of the following raw material medicines in parts by weight: 9 parts of celastrus angulatus, 9 parts of garden balsam stem, 4 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 9 parts of dittany bark, 4 parts of radix stemonae, 2 parts of purslane, 9 parts of black pepper, 4 parts of liquorice, 4 parts of rangoon creeper fruit, 2 parts of hairyvein agrimony, 4 parts of cimicifugae foetidae, 4 parts of Chinese torreya seed, 2 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 2 parts of polygonum aviculare, 2 parts of betel nut, 4 parts of sweet wormwood seed, 2 parts of solidago decurrens and 2 parts of dandelion.
The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following specific steps: soaking the raw materials in 5 times of water for 4-6 h, boiling with fire, decocting with strong fire for 1 h, decocting with slow fire for 1 h, filtering to obtain filtrate, adding 4 times of water into the residue, decocting with the same method for 1 time, and mixing the filtrates.
A preparation method of a biogenic pesticide for resisting diseases and insect pests of solanaceous vegetables comprises the following specific steps: preparing the traditional Chinese medicine composition; adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the traditional Chinese medicine composition, wherein the addition amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 10% of the volume of the traditional Chinese medicine composition, and obtaining the finished product of the biological pesticide.
Example 3
A traditional Chinese medicine composition for resisting diseases and insect pests of solanaceous vegetables is composed of the following raw material medicines in parts by weight: 11 parts of celastrus angulatus, 11 parts of garden balsam stem, 6 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 11 parts of dittany bark, 6 parts of radix stemonae, 4 parts of purslane, 11 parts of black pepper, 6 parts of liquorice, 6 parts of rangoon creeper fruit, 4 parts of hairyvein agrimony, 6 parts of cimicifugae foetidae, 6 parts of Chinese torreya seed, 4 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 4 parts of polygonum aviculare, 4 parts of betel nut, 6 parts of sweet wormwood seed, 4 parts of solidago decurrens and 4 parts of dandelion.
The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following specific steps: soaking the raw materials in 5 times of water for 4-6 h, boiling with fire, decocting with strong fire for 1 h, decocting with slow fire for 1 h, filtering to obtain filtrate, adding 6 times of water into the residue, decocting with the same method for 1 time, and mixing the filtrates.
A preparation method of a biogenic pesticide for resisting diseases and insect pests of solanaceous vegetables comprises the following specific steps: preparing the traditional Chinese medicine composition; adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the traditional Chinese medicine composition, wherein the addition amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 10% of the volume of the traditional Chinese medicine composition, and obtaining the finished product of the biological pesticide.
Effect experiment:
in order to discuss the influence of the biological pesticide and the common pesticide prepared by the invention on the diseases and insect pests of solanaceous vegetables, the inventor respectively carries out relevant experiments, and selects the following groups of experimental examples to explain the effect.
Test example 1
Test site: yao Town in Shangshi City and Wei Town and a certain pepper field.
Dividing each test site into A, B2 areas on average, wherein the area A is sprayed with chemical pesticide Baumei according to a conventional mode; and (3) spraying the biological pesticide in the embodiment 1 in the area B, wherein the liquid medicine is diluted by 30 times when the biological pesticide is sprayed, and the spraying amount is based on week to no drop. Spraying is carried out about 5-7 days after the vegetable seedlings are transplanted, the vegetable seedlings are used for 1 time every 7-10 days and sprayed for 4 times continuously.
After treatment in each cell, common plant diseases and insect pests such as virus diseases, epidemic diseases, aphids and the like of the hot pepper are hardly seen in the A area and the B area. Wherein, in the area B of the biogenic pesticide for resisting the plant diseases and insect pests of solanaceous vegetables, lateral roots begin to grow vigorously at the beginning of the seedling stage, and the result is shown in figure 1, wherein the main roots of pepper seedlings applied with the biogenic pesticide are thick and strong and are obviously more than the roots of pepper seedlings applied with chemical pesticide in the area A; by the fruiting period, the root system of the pepper plant is well developed (as shown in figure 2), the leaves are dark green, black, bright and thick, the fruit setting rate is high (as shown in figure 3), and the fruits are large, full and thick (as shown in figure 4). The biological source pesticide of the invention has the action principle of killing or inhibiting common diseases and insect pests of solanaceous vegetables, has the effect comparable to that of related chemical pesticides, and can regulate the growth of plants and improve the value of crops.
Test example 2
The test tomato field is divided into A, B2 areas on average, wherein, clear water is sprayed on the area A, the biological pesticide of the embodiment 3 is sprayed on the area B, the liquid medicine is diluted by 30 times when the biological pesticide is sprayed, and the spraying amount is subject to the condition that no drops are generated in a week. Spraying is carried out about 5-7 days after the vegetable seedlings are transplanted, the vegetable seedlings are used for 1 time every 7-10 days and sprayed for 3 times continuously.
After treatment in each cell, large-area holes appear on leaves in the area A, white mildew layers are occasionally formed on the leaves and the stem surface, and common plant diseases and insect pests such as tomato late blight, virus diseases, bacterial wilt, aphid and the like hardly appear in the area B. Wherein, the tomato plant has developed root system, green and thick leaves and vigorous growth by using the B region of the biogenic pesticide for resisting the plant diseases and insect pests of the solanaceous vegetables.
Similar tests are also carried out on the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests of solanaceous vegetables such as eggplants and the like in the same year, and good prevention and control effects are also obtained. Therefore, the biological source pesticide provided by the invention has a good effect on eliminating common plant diseases and insect pests of solanaceous vegetables, and has a promoting effect on the growth of crops compared with chemical pesticides.
In conclusion, the present invention effectively overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art and has high industrial utilization value. The above-described embodiments are intended to illustrate the substance of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The traditional Chinese medicine composition for resisting diseases and insect pests of solanaceous vegetables is characterized by comprising the following raw material medicines in parts by weight: 9-11 parts of celastrus angulatus, 9-11 parts of garden balsam stem, 4-6 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 9-11 parts of dittany bark, 4-6 parts of radix stemonae, 2-4 parts of purslane, 9-11 parts of black pepper, 4-6 parts of liquorice, 4-6 parts of quisqualis, 2-4 parts of hairyvein agrimony, 4-6 parts of rhizoma cimicifugae, 4-6 parts of Chinese torreya seed, 2-4 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 2-4 parts of polygonum aviculare, 2-4 parts of betel nut, 4-6 parts of sweet wormwood, 2-4 parts of solidago and 2-4 parts of dandelion, wherein the source of the raw material medicines is a traditional Chinese medicine or a traditional Chinese medicine extract equivalent to the crude drug amount of the traditional Chinese medicine.
2. The traditional Chinese medicine composition for resisting diseases and insect pests of solanaceous fruit vegetables according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw material medicines in parts by weight: 10 parts of celastrus angulatus, 10 parts of garden balsam stem, 5 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 10 parts of dittany bark, 5 parts of radix stemonae, 3 parts of purslane, 10 parts of black pepper, 5 parts of liquorice, 5 parts of rangoon creeper fruit, 3 parts of hairyvein agrimony, 5 parts of cimicifugae foetidae, 5 parts of Chinese torreya seed, 3 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 3 parts of polygonum aviculare, 3 parts of betel nut, 5 parts of sweet wormwood seed, 3 parts of solidago decurrens and 3 parts of dandelion, wherein the source of the raw materials is traditional Chinese medicines or traditional Chinese medicine extracts equivalent to the crude drug amount of the traditional Chinese medicines.
3. The traditional Chinese medicine composition for resisting solanaceous fruit vegetable diseases and insect pests according to claim 1, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine composition is a water extract of raw material medicines.
4. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine composition for resisting the diseases and insect pests of the solanaceous vegetables as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: soaking the raw materials in water for 4-6 h, decocting for 2 times, after each time of decoction is boiled, decocting for 1 h with strong fire, turning to slow fire for 1 h, stopping the fire, pouring out, filtering, and combining filtrates to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine composition.
5. A biogenic pesticide for resisting diseases and insect pests of solanaceous vegetables, which is characterized by being prepared from the traditional Chinese medicine composition for resisting the diseases and insect pests of the solanaceous vegetables according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and ethanol.
6. The biogenic pesticide for resisting solanaceous vegetable diseases and insect pests according to claim 5, wherein the biogenic pesticide is an aqueous agent.
7. Use of the biogenic pesticide for controlling diseases and insect pests of solanaceous vegetables according to any one of claims 5 to 6 in the control of the diseases and insect pests of the solanaceous vegetables.
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