CN113644295A - Fuel cell air system - Google Patents
Fuel cell air system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113644295A CN113644295A CN202110716880.2A CN202110716880A CN113644295A CN 113644295 A CN113644295 A CN 113644295A CN 202110716880 A CN202110716880 A CN 202110716880A CN 113644295 A CN113644295 A CN 113644295A
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- fuel cell
- air
- hose
- humidifier
- solenoid valve
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
- H01M8/04141—Humidifying by water containing exhaust gases
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04104—Regulation of differential pressures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04708—Temperature of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04716—Temperature of fuel cell exhausts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04761—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell exhausts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04791—Concentration; Density
- H01M8/04798—Concentration; Density of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04828—Humidity; Water content
- H01M8/04835—Humidity; Water content of fuel cell reactants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell air system, which relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells; in order to solve the problems of ventilation volume and water accumulation; specifically include the fuel cell casing, the inside fuel cell that is provided with of fuel cell casing, and the air inlet and the exhaust vent department of fuel cell casing are provided with air intake system and exhaust system, and air intake system includes empty filter, flowmeter, air compressor machine, intercooler, humidifier, dehumidification solenoid valve, ventilation solenoid valve and temperature sensor, pressure sensor and humidity transducer, and exhaust system includes back pressure valve, blender, bypass solenoid valve, check valve and hydrogen concentration sensor, the humidifier passes through coupling hose and connects in the air inlet of fuel cell casing, and temperature sensor and humidity transducer set up respectively on coupling hose's circumference, and the output of intercooler passes through coupling hose and connects in the input of humidifier. The invention avoids the problem of overhigh local hydrogen concentration caused by local hydrogen retention dead angles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell air system.
Background
The hydrogen fuel cell works by electric energy generated by chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, and the supply of air with proper pressure and humidity and the smooth discharge of waste gas are ensured in the reaction process, so that the reasonable arrangement of an air system of the fuel cell and the regulation and control of the air system are very important.
However, in the conventional fuel cell air system, the ventilation volume of the device cannot be effectively adjusted, a large amount of energy is wasted, the problem of water accumulation occurs at the bottom of the device, and meanwhile, the pressure, the temperature and the humidity of the air inlet and the air outlet in the fuel cell are mostly not effectively monitored.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a fuel cell air system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a fuel cell air system, includes fuel cell casing, the inside fuel cell that is provided with of fuel cell casing, and fuel cell casing's air inlet and exhaust vent department are provided with air intake system and exhaust system, and air intake system includes empty straining, flowmeter, air compressor machine, intercooler, humidifier, dehumidification solenoid valve, ventilation solenoid valve and temperature sensor, pressure sensor and humidity transducer, and exhaust system includes back pressure valve, blender, bypass solenoid valve, check valve and hydrogen concentration sensor.
Preferably: the humidifier is connected to the air inlet of the fuel cell shell through a connecting hose, the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are arranged on the circumference of the connecting hose respectively, and the output end of the intercooler is connected to the input end of the humidifier through the connecting hose.
Further: the output of air compressor machine passes through coupling hose and connects in the input of intercooler, and empty the straining is connected in the input of air compressor machine through coupling hose, and the flowmeter sets up on empty coupling hose circumference of straining between and the air compressor machine.
On the basis of the scheme: one side of the connecting hose between the intercooler and the humidifier is provided with a first branch hose, the ventilation solenoid valve is arranged on the circumference of the first branch hose, and one end of the first branch hose is connected with one side of the fuel cell shell through threads.
The better scheme in the scheme is as follows: the humidifier is characterized in that a second branch hose is arranged on one side, opposite to the fuel cell shell, of the humidifier, the pressure sensor is arranged on the circumference of the second branch hose, and a third branch hose is arranged on one side of a connecting hose between the intercooler and the humidifier.
As a further scheme of the invention: and a fourth branch hose is arranged on one end of the third branch hose and the opposite side of the connecting hose between the humidifier and the fuel cell shell, and the dehumidifying electromagnetic valve is arranged on the circumference of the fourth branch hose.
Meanwhile, the back pressure valve is connected to one side of the humidifier through a connecting hose, the mixer is connected to the output end of the back pressure valve through a connecting hose, and one end of the third branch hose is connected with the connecting hose between the back pressure valve and the mixer through threads.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention: and a hydrogen concentration sensor is arranged at the vent of the fuel cell shell.
Meanwhile, the bottom of the front end face of the fuel cell shell is provided with a water outlet, and the top of the front end face of the fuel cell shell is provided with a ventilation and exhaust port.
As a more preferable scheme of the invention: the bypass electromagnetic valve is arranged on the circumference of the third branch hose, an exhaust pipe and a drain pipe are arranged between the mixer and the fuel cell shell, and the two one-way valves are respectively arranged on the circumferences of the exhaust pipe and the drain pipe.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. this fuel cell air system utilizes intercooler rear end bleeder circuit to sweep the ventilation through the wind solenoid valve to the fuel cell casing, because the hydrogen quality is lighter, so the setting of ventilation air inlet is in casing rear end face lower part, and the gas vent setting is terminal surface upper portion before the casing to avoided local hydrogen to be detained the dead angle, the too high problem of local hydrogen concentration that leads to.
2. This fuel cell air system installs hydrogen concentration sensor near the gas vent, controls the ventilation solenoid valve opening through hydrogen content in detecting the casing to adjust the air volume size, avoid the energy waste. The lower part of the front end face of the shell is provided with a water outlet, and the residual moisture on the bottom plate of the shell is blown into the water outlet by utilizing ventilation airflow for blowing and discharging, so that the moisture in the shell is prevented from being accumulated.
3. This fuel cell air system, at the fuel cell reaction in-process, detect air humidity and carry out feedback control dehumidification solenoid valve aperture through the humidity transducer in the air inlet to adjust the humidity of admitting air in real time in order to satisfy the reaction demand, pressure sensor and the temperature sensor of the while air inlet and outlet detect air pressure and temperature, thereby adjust air compressor machine, intercooler, bypass solenoid valve and back pressure valve in real time, control pressure and temperature of admitting air.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a fuel cell air system according to the present invention;
in the figure: the system comprises a 1-air filter, a 2-flowmeter, a 3-air compressor, a 4-intercooler, a 5-humidifier, a 6-fuel cell shell, a 7-fuel cell, an 8-ventilation electromagnetic valve, a 9-bypass electromagnetic valve, a 10-dehumidification electromagnetic valve, an 11-back pressure valve, a 12-one-way valve, a 13-mixer, a 14-hydrogen concentration sensor, a 15-temperature sensor, a 16-pressure sensor and a 17-humidity sensor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
A fuel cell air system, as shown in figure 1, includes fuel cell casing 6, the inside fuel cell 7 that is provided with of fuel cell casing 6, and fuel cell casing 6's air inlet and exhaust vent department are provided with air intake system and exhaust system, and air intake system includes empty 1, flowmeter 2, air compressor machine 3, intercooler 4, humidifier 5, dehumidification solenoid valve 10, ventilation solenoid valve 8 and temperature sensor 15, pressure sensor 16 and humidity transducer 17, and exhaust system includes backpressure valve 11, blender 13, bypass solenoid valve 9, check valve 12 and hydrogen concentration sensor 14.
To promote mass of the intake air; as shown in fig. 1, the humidifier 5 is connected to the air inlet of the fuel cell casing 6 through a connection hose, and the temperature sensor 15 and the humidity sensor 17 are respectively connected to the circumference of the connection hose through threads, the output end of the intercooler 4 is connected to the input end of the humidifier 5 through a connection hose, the output end of the air compressor 3 is connected to the input end of the intercooler 4 through a connection hose, the air filter 1 is connected to the input end of the air compressor 3 through a connection hose, and the flow meter 2 is connected to the circumference of the connection hose between the air filter 1 and the air compressor 3 through threads.
The utility model discloses a humidifier, including intercooler 4 and humidifier 5, humidifier and humidifier 5, connecting hose one side between intercooler 4 and humidifier 5 has first branch hose through threaded connection, and ventilation solenoid valve 8 is fixed in the circumference of first branch hose through the screw thread, the one end of first branch hose is connected with 6 one sides of fuel cell casing through the screw thread, humidifier 5 and 6 relative one sides of fuel cell casing have the second branch hose through the screw thread fixed, and pressure sensor 16 passes through threaded connection in the circumference of second branch hose, connecting hose one side between intercooler 4 and humidifier 5 has the third branch hose through the screw thread fixed, the one end of third branch hose and the relative one side of connecting hose between humidifier 5 and fuel cell casing 6 have the fourth branch hose through the screw thread fixed, and dehumidification solenoid valve 10 passes through the screw thread fixed in the circumference of fourth branch hose.
To promote the quality of the exhaust; as shown in fig. 1, the back pressure valve 11 is connected to the humidifier 5 side by a connection hose, the mixer 13 is connected to the output end of the back pressure valve 11 by a connection hose, one end of a third branch hose is connected to the connection hose between the back pressure valve 11 and the mixer 13 by a screw, the bypass solenoid valve 9 is connected to the circumference of the third branch hose by a screw, an exhaust pipe and a drain pipe are connected to the exhaust port and the drain port of the fuel cell case 6 by a screw between the mixer 13 and the exhaust port and the drain port, and two check valves 12 are connected to the circumferences of the exhaust pipe and the drain pipe by a screw, respectively.
To facilitate detection of the hydrogen concentration after the reaction; as shown in fig. 1, a hydrogen concentration sensor 14 is fixed to the vent of the fuel cell case 6 by bolts.
In order to promote the channeling of water at the bottom of the fuel cell housing 6; as shown in fig. 1, the bottom of the front end face of the fuel cell case 6 is provided with a drain opening obliquely opposite to the ventilation air inlet, and the drain opening is connected with a one-way valve 12 and then connected with a mixer 13.
The top of the front end face of the fuel cell shell 6 is obliquely opposite to the ventilation air inlet and is provided with a ventilation exhaust port which is connected with a one-way valve 12 and then connected with a mixer 13.
The air outlet of the galvanic pile is connected with the inlet of the wet air side of the humidifier 5, and the air outlet of the wet air side of the humidifier 5 is connected with the back pressure valve 12 and then connected with the mixer 13.
The circumferences of the ventilation exhaust pipe and the water discharge pipe are respectively connected with a check valve 12, so that the gas of other connecting pipelines on the mixer 13 is prevented from reversely crossing the inside of the shell through the two pipelines.
When the air filter is used, external air is filtered by the air filter 1, then is compressed by the air compressor 3 through the flowmeter 2 to form high-pressure high-temperature gas, is cooled through the intercooler 4, and enters the inlet of the fuel cell 7 after passing through the humidifier 5 to dry the air side channel; the low-pressure high-humidity gas after reaction is humidified for the previous dry air through a wet air side flow channel of the humidifier 5 and then enters the mixer 13 through the back pressure valve 11; in the reaction process of the fuel cell 7, the humidity of air is detected by the humidity sensor 17 in the air inlet, the opening of the dehumidifying electromagnetic valve 10 is controlled in a feedback mode, so that the air inlet humidity is adjusted in real time to meet the reaction requirement, meanwhile, the pressure sensor 16 and the temperature sensor 17 of the air inlet and the air outlet detect the air pressure and the temperature, the air compressor 3, the intercooler 4, the bypass electromagnetic valve 9 and the back pressure valve 11 are adjusted in real time, and the air inlet pressure and the air outlet pressure and the temperature are controlled.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a fuel cell air system, includes fuel cell casing (6), its characterized in that, fuel cell casing (6) inside is provided with fuel cell (7), and the air inlet and the gas vent department of fuel cell casing (6) are provided with air intake system and exhaust system, and air intake system is including empty (1), flowmeter (2), air compressor machine (3), intercooler (4), humidifier (5), dehumidification solenoid valve (10), ventilation solenoid valve (8) and temperature sensor (15), pressure sensor (16) and humidity transducer (17), and exhaust system includes back pressure valve (11), blender (13), bypass solenoid valve (9), check valve (12) and hydrogen concentration sensor (14).
2. A fuel cell air system according to claim 1, wherein the humidifier (5) is connected to an air inlet of the fuel cell housing (6) through a connection hose, and the temperature sensor (15) and the humidity sensor (17) are respectively provided on a circumference of the connection hose, and an output of the intercooler (4) is connected to an input of the humidifier (5) through the connection hose.
3. A fuel cell air system according to claim 1, characterized in that the output of the air compressor (3) is connected to the input of the intercooler (4) by means of a connecting hose, the air filter (1) is connected to the input of the air compressor (3) by means of a connecting hose, and the flow meter (2) is arranged on the circumference of the connecting hose between the air filter (1) and the air compressor (3).
4. A fuel cell air system according to claim 1, wherein a first branch hose is provided on a side of the connection hose between the intercooler (4) and the humidifier (5), and a ventilation solenoid valve (8) is provided on a circumference of the first branch hose, and one end of the first branch hose is connected to a side of the fuel cell housing (6) by a screw.
5. A fuel cell air system according to claim 4, wherein a second branch hose is provided on the opposite side of the humidifier (5) from the fuel cell housing (6), and the pressure sensor (16) is provided on the circumference of the second branch hose, and a third branch hose is provided on the side of the connection hose between the intercooler (4) and the humidifier (5).
6. A fuel cell air system according to claim 1, wherein a fourth branch hose is provided at an end of the third branch hose on a side opposite to a connection hose between the humidifier (5) and the fuel cell case (6), and the dehumidifying solenoid valve (10) is provided on a circumference of the fourth branch hose.
7. A fuel cell air system according to claim 1, wherein the back pressure valve (11) is connected to the humidifier (5) side by a connection hose, and the mixer (13) is connected to the output end of the back pressure valve (11) by a connection hose, and one end of a third branch hose is connected to the connection hose between the back pressure valve (11) and the mixer (13) by a screw.
8. A fuel cell air system according to claim 1, wherein a hydrogen concentration sensor (14) is provided at a vent of the fuel cell housing (6).
9. A fuel cell air system according to claim 8, wherein the bottom of the front end face of the fuel cell housing (6) is provided with a water outlet, and the top of the front end face of the fuel cell housing (6) is provided with a ventilation and air exhaust.
10. A fuel cell air system according to claim 1, wherein the bypass solenoid valve (9) is provided on the circumference of the third branch hose, an exhaust pipe and a drain pipe are provided between the mixer (13) and the fuel cell case (6), and two check valves (12) are provided on the circumferences of the exhaust pipe and the drain pipe, respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110716880.2A CN113644295B (en) | 2021-06-28 | 2021-06-28 | Fuel cell air system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110716880.2A CN113644295B (en) | 2021-06-28 | 2021-06-28 | Fuel cell air system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113644295A true CN113644295A (en) | 2021-11-12 |
| CN113644295B CN113644295B (en) | 2022-10-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110716880.2A Active CN113644295B (en) | 2021-06-28 | 2021-06-28 | Fuel cell air system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114151376A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-03-08 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | Anti-surge device of centrifugal air compressor for fuel cell engine |
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2021
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| CN114151376A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-03-08 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | Anti-surge device of centrifugal air compressor for fuel cell engine |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN113644295B (en) | 2022-10-28 |
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