CN113635001A - Technological processing method for solving problem of cracks at top end of high-power diesel engine valve - Google Patents
Technological processing method for solving problem of cracks at top end of high-power diesel engine valve Download PDFInfo
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- CN113635001A CN113635001A CN202111066897.4A CN202111066897A CN113635001A CN 113635001 A CN113635001 A CN 113635001A CN 202111066897 A CN202111066897 A CN 202111066897A CN 113635001 A CN113635001 A CN 113635001A
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- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 33
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a technical processing method for solving the problem of cracks at the top end of a valve of a high-power diesel engine, which comprises the following steps: s1, performing early-stage machining on the metal part, and reserving a certain machining allowance; s2, locally quenching the end face of the metal part within the range of 3.5-5.5mm to enable the hardness value of the metal part within the range of 2.3-4.3mm to reach 57 +/-3 HRC; s3, removing machining allowance of twenty-nine thirty percent by adopting a turning process; and S4, removing the remaining one-third machining allowance by adopting a rolling process to finish machining the air valve. The invention thoroughly cancels the grinding processing method from the source by combining the turning and rolling two-step process and replacing the grinding one-step process, and thoroughly avoids the risk that the grinding crack possibly occurs when the original high-hardness metal is subjected to grinding processing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of diesel engine manufacturing, and particularly relates to a technological processing method for solving the problem of top cracks of a valve of a high-power diesel engine.
Background
The air inlet valve and the air outlet valve of the existing high-power diesel engine are processed by metal parts, the top end of the air valve is required to have higher hardness, higher roughness and jumping tolerance due to the design function requirement, the factors such as cost, part quality and the like are comprehensively considered, and the scheme adopted in the metal part processing technology is as follows: for the parts with higher hardness requirements, a local quenching process is adopted for realization; for the requirements of higher roughness and run-out tolerance, the hardness is higher after the local quenching of the top end of the metal part, and the metal part is generally processed by a grinding process. However, the grinding process is characterized in that heat concentration is easily generated at a grinding part in the grinding process, and when a metal material with high hardness is ground, grinding cracks are easily generated on the processing surface due to the heat concentration, the air inlet valve and the air outlet valve are used as important parts of an engine, the cracks can greatly influence the service life of the air valve, even lead the top end of the air valve to be cracked, cause the cylinder pulling of the piston of the engine, and cause major accidents of the engine.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a process machining method for solving the problem of cracks on the top end of the valve of the high-power diesel engine, so as to solve the problem that the existing valve has cracks in the process of using a grinding process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a technological processing method for solving the problem of cracks at the top end of a valve of a high-power diesel engine comprises the following steps:
s1, performing early-stage machining on the metal part, and reserving a certain machining allowance;
s2, locally quenching the end face of the metal part within the range of 3.5-5.5mm to enable the hardness value of the metal part within the range of 2.3-4.3mm to reach 57 +/-3 HRC;
s3, removing machining allowance of twenty-nine thirty percent by adopting a turning process;
and S4, removing the remaining one-third machining allowance by adopting a rolling process to finish machining the air valve.
Further, the turning tool for the turning process adopts a high-hardness ceramic tool.
Furthermore, the rolling cutter for the rolling process adopts a diamond rolling cutter.
Furthermore, the roughness of the end face of the metal part in the processing precision requirement of the metal part rolling process is 0.32 μm, and the runout tolerance of the end face of the metal part to the axis is 0.01 mm.
Furthermore, the machining allowance reserved in the early machining of the metal part is 1.1-1.3 mm.
Furthermore, the machining allowance reserved in the early machining of the metal part is 1.2mm, the machining allowance of 1.16mm is removed by a turning process, and the machining allowance of 0.04mm is removed by a rolling process.
Compared with the prior art, the process machining method for solving the problem of the crack at the top end of the high-power diesel engine valve has the following advantages:
the invention thoroughly cancels the grinding processing method from the source by combining the turning and rolling two-step process with the replacement of the grinding one-step process, thoroughly avoids the risk that the grinding crack possibly occurs in the original high-hardness metal by adopting grinding processing, adopts the method of combining turning and rolling for processing, firstly reduces the processing allowance by turning, and then uses a rolling cutter for rolling, can thoroughly avoid the risk that the crack occurs at the top end of the valve due to mechanical processing on the premise of ensuring the processing quality, is favorable for improving the finished product rate of valve processing, and improves the reliability and the safety of the valve in the using process.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used merely for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be considered as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
A technological processing method for solving the problem of cracks at the top end of a valve of a high-power diesel engine comprises the following steps: s1, performing early-stage machining on the metal part, and reserving a certain machining allowance; s2, locally quenching the end face of the metal part within the range of 3.5-5.5mm to enable the hardness value of the metal part within the range of 2.3-4.3mm to reach 57 +/-3 HRC; s3, removing machining allowance of twenty-nine thirty percent by adopting a turning process; and S4, removing the remaining one-third machining allowance by adopting a rolling process to finish machining the air valve.
The reserved machining allowance in the early machining of the metal part is 1.1-1.3 mm. Most of machining allowance is processed by adopting a turning process, so that the machining efficiency of a rolling process is improved, the machining difficulty and the machining time of metal parts are reduced, and the production efficiency of the air valve is improved.
In the processing method provided by the invention, the reserved processing allowance in the earlier stage processing of the metal part is 1.2mm, and the part of the metal part with the hardness of 57 +/-3 HRC is processed, generally, in consideration of cost and processing effect, the final processing allowance of general design is not too large, for example, the final processing allowance of the processing of the metal part in the scheme is 1.2mm, the processing allowance of 1.2mm can effectively meet the requirement of subsequent processing, the processing time and the processing amount are reduced, and the processing error is not easy to occur for operators.
The turning tool for the turning process can adopt a high-hardness ceramic cutter, and the rolling tool for the rolling process can adopt a diamond rolling cutter so as to improve the processing efficiency and the processing effect; in the actual processing process, the turning process can remove the machining allowance of 1.16mm firstly, and then the rolling process can remove the machining allowance of 0.04 mm. By analyzing the root cause of the grinding crack, the original grinding amount of 1.2mm in one process of grinding is changed into turning and rolling, the processing method of grinding is completely cancelled from the source, and the risk that the grinding crack possibly occurs in the original high-hardness metal by grinding processing is completely avoided; the method of turning and rolling is adopted for machining, the turning is utilized to reduce machining allowance, then the rolling cutter is used for rolling, and the risk that cracks appear at the top end of the valve due to machining can be thoroughly avoided on the premise of ensuring machining quality.
Specifically, the original 'grinding' procedure can be changed into 'turning' + 'rolling' in the processing scheme. The method comprises the steps of firstly, changing grinding into turning, wherein in order to meet the machining requirements, the turning tool is a ceramic tool capable of machining high-hardness materials, the top end of a metal part is subjected to turning, the machining allowance is reduced by 0.04mm, the next step of rolling machining is facilitated, and the machining time and the machining difficulty of the rolling machining are reduced. And secondly, processing the small amount of residual machining allowance after turning by adopting a rolling method, wherein a diamond rolling cutter can be adopted as the rolling cutter so as to ensure that the processed valve meets the jumping tolerance and roughness of the design requirement.
The roughness of the end face of the metal part is 0.32 mu m and the runout tolerance of the end face of the metal part to the axis is 0.01 mm. By adopting the roughness and the run-out tolerance parameters to process the metal parts, the generation of cracks of the finished valve product in the use process can be effectively reduced, the safety and the reliability of the finished valve product in the use process are favorably improved, and the service life of the finished valve product is prolonged.
Through process test verification, after inspection data are collected, cracks caused by machining are basically avoided at the top end of the metal part machined by the turning + rolling process, the roughness and the run-out of the design index are improved, the roughness can be improved to about 0.32 from 0.8 of the design requirement, the run-out tolerance can be improved to about 0.01 from 0.03 of the design requirement, and the machining qualification rate of the valve finished product is greatly improved while the quality of the valve finished product is improved.
The generation of metal grinding cracks generally occurs after grinding of high hardness surfaces, and the relationship between the generation of grinding cracks and the grinding process is: the generation of the high-hardness metal grinding cracks is caused by unreasonable control of grinding process parameters, and the control of the grinding process parameters is influenced by various factors, such as operation factors, equipment factors and the like, so that the generation of the grinding cracks is caused by various factors and cannot be controlled in the actual production process; therefore, in order to avoid grinding cracks during grinding of high hardness metals, it is preferable to replace the grinding process with another process.
The machining method provided by the invention is used for carefully analyzing the root cause of the grinding crack at the top end of the valve and replacing the grinding process by combining the turning and rolling processes. Through the test verification that the metal parts are machined by the machining method in multiple batches, the problem that the grinding cracks of the metal parts do not appear any more is verified, and the effectiveness of the method for solving the problem of the grinding cracks of the top end of the valve is fully proved.
The invention thoroughly cancels the grinding processing method from the source by combining the turning and rolling two-step process with the replacement of the grinding one-step process, thoroughly avoids the risk that the grinding crack possibly occurs in the original high-hardness metal by adopting grinding processing, adopts the method of combining turning and rolling for processing, firstly reduces the processing allowance by turning, and then uses a rolling cutter for rolling, can thoroughly avoid the risk that the crack occurs at the top end of the valve due to mechanical processing on the premise of ensuring the processing quality, is favorable for improving the finished product rate of valve processing, and improves the reliability and the safety of the valve in the using process.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A technical processing method for solving the problem of cracks at the top end of a valve of a high-power diesel engine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, performing early-stage machining on the metal part, and reserving a certain machining allowance;
s2, locally quenching the end face of the metal part within the range of 3.5-5.5mm to enable the hardness value of the metal part within the range of 2.3-4.3mm to reach 57 +/-3 HRC;
s3, removing machining allowance of twenty-nine thirty percent by adopting a turning process;
and S4, removing the remaining one-third machining allowance by adopting a rolling process to finish machining the air valve.
2. The technical processing method for solving the problem of the crack at the top end of the high-power diesel engine valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: the turning tool for the turning process adopts a high-hardness ceramic tool.
3. The technical processing method for solving the problem of the crack at the top end of the high-power diesel engine valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rolling cutter for the rolling process adopts a diamond rolling cutter.
4. The technical processing method for solving the problem of the crack at the top end of the high-power diesel engine valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: the roughness of the end face of the metal part is 0.32 mu m and the runout tolerance of the end face of the metal part to the axis is 0.01 mm.
5. The technical processing method for solving the problem of the crack at the top end of the high-power diesel engine valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reserved machining allowance in the early machining of the metal part is 1.1-1.3 mm.
6. The technical processing method for solving the problem of the crack at the top end of the high-power diesel engine valve according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the reserved machining allowance of the metal part in the early machining is 1.2mm, the machining allowance of 1.16mm is removed through a turning process, and the machining allowance of 0.04mm is removed through a rolling process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111066897.4A CN113635001A (en) | 2021-09-13 | 2021-09-13 | Technological processing method for solving problem of cracks at top end of high-power diesel engine valve |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111066897.4A CN113635001A (en) | 2021-09-13 | 2021-09-13 | Technological processing method for solving problem of cracks at top end of high-power diesel engine valve |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113635001A true CN113635001A (en) | 2021-11-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111066897.4A Pending CN113635001A (en) | 2021-09-13 | 2021-09-13 | Technological processing method for solving problem of cracks at top end of high-power diesel engine valve |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0434664A1 (en) * | 1989-12-18 | 1991-06-26 | SCHOELLER-BLECKMANN Gesellschaft m.b.H. | Stop ring groove manufacturing process |
| CN1453458A (en) * | 2003-06-02 | 2003-11-05 | 北京特冶工贸有限责任公司 | Double-metal exhaust gate for diesel engine of diesel locomotive and its manufacture |
| CN1672867A (en) * | 2004-03-25 | 2005-09-28 | 气体产品与化学公司 | An apparatus and method for improving work surface during forming and shaping of materials |
| CN102501037A (en) * | 2011-11-08 | 2012-06-20 | 沃得重型机床（中国）有限公司 | Machining method for crankshaft |
| CN102788154A (en) * | 2012-08-17 | 2012-11-21 | 杭州新坐标科技股份有限公司 | Integrated hydraulic tappet plunger and integral roller forming method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-09-13 CN CN202111066897.4A patent/CN113635001A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0434664A1 (en) * | 1989-12-18 | 1991-06-26 | SCHOELLER-BLECKMANN Gesellschaft m.b.H. | Stop ring groove manufacturing process |
| CN1453458A (en) * | 2003-06-02 | 2003-11-05 | 北京特冶工贸有限责任公司 | Double-metal exhaust gate for diesel engine of diesel locomotive and its manufacture |
| CN1672867A (en) * | 2004-03-25 | 2005-09-28 | 气体产品与化学公司 | An apparatus and method for improving work surface during forming and shaping of materials |
| CN102501037A (en) * | 2011-11-08 | 2012-06-20 | 沃得重型机床（中国）有限公司 | Machining method for crankshaft |
| CN102788154A (en) * | 2012-08-17 | 2012-11-21 | 杭州新坐标科技股份有限公司 | Integrated hydraulic tappet plunger and integral roller forming method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 周洪波: "大直径外圆和内孔磨削加工与滚压加工的比较", 《冶金设备》 * |
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Application publication date: 20211112 |