CN113634732A - Horizontal high-vacuum die-casting system and die-casting method - Google Patents
Horizontal high-vacuum die-casting system and die-casting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113634732A CN113634732A CN202110889759.XA CN202110889759A CN113634732A CN 113634732 A CN113634732 A CN 113634732A CN 202110889759 A CN202110889759 A CN 202110889759A CN 113634732 A CN113634732 A CN 113634732A
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- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 145
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 35
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 34
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000014347 soups Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/14—Machines with evacuated die cavity
- B22D17/145—Venting means therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/08—Cold chamber machines, i.e. with unheated press chamber into which molten metal is ladled
- B22D17/10—Cold chamber machines, i.e. with unheated press chamber into which molten metal is ladled with horizontal press motion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/22—Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
- B22D17/2272—Sprue channels
- B22D17/2281—Sprue channels closure devices therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a horizontal high-vacuum die-casting system and a die-casting method, wherein the system comprises a melting cup, a die mechanism, an injection mechanism, a material conveying mechanism, a vacuum mechanism, a separating mechanism and a controller, wherein the output end of the material conveying mechanism is connected with the input end of the melting cup, the output end of the melting cup is connected with the input end of the die mechanism through the separating mechanism, the melting cup and the die mechanism are both connected with the vacuum mechanism, the injection mechanism is connected with one end of the melting cup, which is far away from the die mechanism, and the material conveying mechanism, the injection mechanism, the vacuum mechanism and the separating mechanism are all connected with the controller. In the invention, the melting cup and the die mechanism are in an isolated state before entering a vacuum state through the separating mechanism, the melting cup is vacuumized in advance and the vacuumizing time of the die mechanism is prolonged, and the effects of shortening the pressure casting beat and improving the casting vacuum degree are achieved, so that the requirements of high-efficiency production and high-vacuum production are met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of die casting machines, in particular to a horizontal high-vacuum die casting system and a die casting method.
Background
The conventional die casting method is a method of casting by filling various molten metals into a metal mold at high speed and high pressure, and has been widely used for manufacturing various precision parts because it can produce a cast article having an excellent casting surface with high efficiency. However, the strength of the die casting is low because the air existing in the die and the molten metal generate a large amount of smoke (bubbles), and the molten metal is solidified in the environment containing the air and the large amount of smoke (bubbles), and the die casting of this type has numerous air holes with different sizes, and when the die casting is heated, the air holes inside the die casting expand by heat, and further deform, so that the die casting cannot be normally used.
Chinese patent No.: CN102950270A, which discloses a multi-directional vacuum pumping device for die casting, comprising a vacuum pumping unit and a vacuum control system; the vacuumizing unit comprises a vacuum pump, a vacuum tank, a cavity, a pressure chamber, a die carrier air exhaust channel, a vacuum valve and an electromagnetic valve; the die cavity air-bleed passage is formed by a pipeline connected between a vacuum tank and a vacuum valve, the pressure chamber air-bleed passage is formed by a pipeline connected between the vacuum tank and a pressure chamber, the die carrier air-bleed passage is formed by a pipeline connected between the vacuum tank and a die carrier of the die casting die, and each die carrier air-bleed passage is provided with an electromagnetic valve; the vacuum control system is used for acquiring information of each pressure and humidity sensor, and enabling the corresponding electromagnetic valve to be opened or closed according to an external die-casting signal so as to open or close the corresponding air exhaust channel and control the vacuum degree of the die-casting die. However, the following disadvantages still exist: firstly, when vacuum pumping is carried out, a pressure chamber, a cavity and a mould are in a communicated state and vacuum pumping is started at the same time, smoke, water vapor and the like generated by molten liquid can be pumped to all positions at the same time, the vacuum degree of the cavity and the subsequent mold filling process are influenced, and holes are generated in a die casting; secondly, the punch directly starts high-pressure vacuum pumping after sealing the pouring gate, and liquid swung at the front edge of the punch easily enters the pumping hole, so that the pumping hole is blocked, and the failure rate is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a horizontal high-vacuum die-casting system which can solve the problem of poor quality of die-casting parts caused by poor vacuum degree and high equipment failure in the existing die-casting process.
The invention also aims to provide a horizontal high-vacuum die-casting method, which can solve the problem of poor quality of die-casting parts caused by poor vacuum degree and high equipment failure in the existing die-casting process.
In order to achieve one of the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a horizontal high-vacuum die-casting system comprises a melting cup for loading molten liquid, a die mechanism for driving the molten liquid to be solidified and formed, an injection mechanism for driving the molten liquid in the melting cup to enter the die mechanism, a material conveying mechanism for conveying the molten liquid to the melting cup, a vacuum mechanism for driving the melting cup and/or the die mechanism to be in a vacuum state, a separating mechanism and a controller for driving the melting cup and the die mechanism to be in one of a conducting state and a stopping state, wherein the output end of the material conveying mechanism is connected with the input end of the melting cup, the output end of the melting cup is connected with the input end of the die mechanism through the separating mechanism, the melting cup and the die mechanism are connected with the vacuum mechanism, the injection mechanism is connected with one end of the melting cup, which is far away from the die mechanism, and the material conveying mechanism, the injection mechanism, the vacuum mechanism and the separating mechanism are connected with the controller.
Preferably, a pressure chamber for loading molten liquid is arranged in the melting cup, the injection mechanism is movably connected to one end, away from the die mechanism, of the pressure chamber, and the output end of the pressure chamber is connected with the input end of the die mechanism through a separating mechanism.
Preferably, the injection mechanism comprises an injection punch head and a die-casting injection rod, the injection punch head is movably connected in the pressure chamber, the die-casting injection rod is connected with one end, far away from the die mechanism, of the injection punch head, and the die-casting injection rod is connected with the controller.
Preferably, the mold mechanism comprises a fixed mold and a movable mold, the fixed mold and the movable mold enclose a mold cavity, and the input end of the mold cavity is connected with the output end of the pressure chamber through the separation mechanism.
Preferably, the separating mechanism comprises a separating channel communicated with the die cavity and the pressure chamber, the separating channel is movably connected with a sliding block, one end of the sliding block is connected with a hydraulic driving piece, so that a sliding block through hole communicated with the die cavity and the pressure chamber is formed in one side end face of the sliding block, and the hydraulic driving piece is connected with the controller; the hydraulic driving piece is used for driving the sliding block to reciprocate between a first position and a second position; the first position is a position where the die cavity and the pressure chamber are communicated with the through hole of the sliding block, and the second position is a position where the sliding block blocks the die cavity and the pressure chamber.
Preferably, the vacuum mechanism comprises a mold cavity vacuum piece, a pressure chamber vacuum piece, a mold cavity vacuum sensor, a pressure chamber vacuum sensor, a mold cavity vacuum proportional valve and a pressure chamber vacuum proportional valve, an output end of the mold cavity vacuum piece is connected with an input end of the mold cavity vacuum proportional valve through the mold cavity vacuum sensor, an output end of the mold cavity vacuum proportional valve is connected with the mold cavity, an output end of the pressure chamber vacuum piece is connected with an input end of the pressure chamber vacuum proportional valve through the pressure chamber vacuum sensor, an output end of the pressure chamber vacuum proportional valve is connected with the pressure chamber, and the mold cavity vacuum piece, the mold cavity vacuum sensor, the pressure chamber vacuum sensor, the mold cavity vacuum proportional valve and the pressure chamber vacuum proportional valve are all connected with the controller.
In order to achieve the second purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a horizontal high vacuum die casting method comprises the following steps:
s1: driving the injection punch to move to an initial position through a die-casting injection rod, and driving the sliding block to a second position through a hydraulic driving piece;
s2: delivering molten liquid to a pressure chamber through a material delivery mechanism, and driving an injection punch to move to a vacuum position at a first speed through an injection rod;
s3: opening a pressure chamber vacuum proportional valve, and driving the pressure chamber to be in a vacuum pumping state through a pressure chamber vacuum piece;
s4: opening a mold cavity vacuum proportional valve, and driving the mold cavity to be in a vacuum pumping state through a mold cavity vacuum piece;
s5: obtaining a die cavity vacuum numerical value through a die cavity vacuum sensor, obtaining a pressure chamber vacuum numerical value through a pressure chamber vacuum sensor, judging whether the die cavity vacuum numerical value is consistent with the pressure chamber vacuum numerical value, if so, driving the sliding block to a first position through a hydraulic driving piece, and if not, executing S3;
s6: delaying preset time, and driving an injection punch to move towards the die cavity at a first speed through a die-casting injection rod;
s7: judging whether the injection punch reaches a suction stop position, if not, driving the injection punch to move towards the die cavity direction at a first speed through a die-casting injection rod, if so, closing a pressure chamber vacuum piece, and executing S8;
s8: and judging whether the injection punch head reaches a high-speed position, if not, driving the injection punch head to move towards the die cavity direction at a first speed through the die-casting injection rod, if so, closing the die cavity vacuum part, and driving the injection punch head to move towards the die cavity direction at a second speed through the die-casting injection rod.
Preferably, the first speed is less than the second speed.
Preferably, the vacuum position corresponds to an input end of the pressure chamber, the suction stopping position corresponds to an output end of the injection chamber vacuum proportional valve, and the high-speed position, the suction stopping position, the vacuum position and the initial position are sequentially arranged from the die mechanism to the injection mechanism.
Preferably, the step S3 is specifically implemented by the following steps:
opening the pressure chamber vacuum proportional valve, and driving the valve opening proportion of the pressure chamber vacuum proportional valve to gradually rise from 10% to 100% so as to enable the pressure chamber to be in a vacuum pumping state.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the mold mechanism and the melting cup are isolated by the separating mechanism, the mold mechanism and the melting cup are driven to form two independent spaces, the melting cup is injected with the melt in advance by the material conveying mechanism, then, a vacuum mechanism is adopted to respectively carry out vacuum pumping treatment on the melting cup and the die mechanism in sequence, specifically, a pressure chamber and a die cavity are blocked by a slide block and cannot carry out gas-liquid communication, a pressure chamber vacuum piece carries out vacuum pumping on the pressure chamber at a low speed to a high speed, smoke and water vapor generated by the molten liquid are pumped away, and the pressure chamber is driven to be in a vacuum state, in addition, the die cavity is vacuumized by the die cavity vacuum piece, so that the vacuum data of the pressure chamber and the die cavity are consistent, the die mechanism is driven to be communicated with the melting cup through the separating mechanism, the injection is carried out by the injection mechanism, the vacuumizing of the die cavity is stopped in the high-speed injection stage, therefore, the casting vacuum degree effect is improved, the failure rate is reduced, and the high-efficiency production, the high-vacuum production and the high-quality requirements of die castings are met.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a horizontal high vacuum die casting system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the horizontal high vacuum die casting method according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a material conveying mechanism; 2-melting cup; 21-pressure chamber; 3-a mould mechanism; 31-die cover half; 32-moving a die; 33-a mould cavity; 4-an injection mechanism; 41-injecting a punch; 42-die casting shooting rod; 5-a vacuum mechanism; 51-a mold cavity vacuum; 52-plenum vacuum; 53-mold cavity vacuum sensor; 54-plenum vacuum sensor; 55-mold cavity vacuum proportional valve; 56-pressure chamber vacuum proportional valve; 6-a separation mechanism; 61-a slide block; 62-a hydraulic drive; 63-slider through hole.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description below:
in the invention, the material conveying mechanism 1 comprises a soup feeder for conveying the melt, and the soup feeder drives a soup ladle filled with the melt to fill the melt into the melting cup 2 through a mechanical arm of the soup feeder. The melting cup 2 is a first pipeline before the high-temperature soup bases (melt) are poured into the die, is also called a material pipe, and is provided with a feeding hole at the upper end surface of one side close to the material conveying mechanism 1 and used for obtaining the high-temperature soup bases (melt) in the soup ladle; further, in the present invention, the controller includes but is not limited to a PLC controller, an MCU or a single chip microcomputer; the vacuum position is arranged corresponding to the input end of the pressure chamber 21, when the die-casting injection rod 42 drives the injection punch 41 to reach the vacuum position, the input end (feed inlet) of the pressure chamber 21 is sealed by the injection punch 41, and one side of the pressure chamber 21 filled with the molten liquid is isolated from the outside to form a sealed space; further, the stop-suck position is provided corresponding to the output end of the injection chamber vacuum proportional valve, when the die-casting injection rod 42 drives the injection punch 41 to the stop-suck position, the output end of the pressure chamber vacuum proportional valve 56 is closed by the injection punch 41, at this time, the pressure chamber vacuum member 52 no longer vacuums the pressure chamber 21, and the high-speed position (e.g., point D shown in fig. 1), the stop-suck position (e.g., point C shown in fig. 1), the vacuum position (e.g., point B shown in fig. 1), and the initial position (e.g., point a shown in fig. 1) are sequentially arranged from the die mechanism 3 toward the injection mechanism 4, and further, a displacement sensor for detecting the position of the injection punch 41 is further provided in the injection mechanism 4, and the displacement sensor is connected to the controller.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, a horizontal high vacuum die casting system includes a melting cup 2 for loading molten liquid, a mold mechanism 3 for driving the molten liquid to solidify and form, an injection mechanism 4 for driving the molten liquid in the melting cup 2 into the mold mechanism 3, a material delivery mechanism 1 for delivering the molten liquid to the melting cup 2, a vacuum mechanism 5 for driving the melting cup 2 and/or the mold mechanism 3 to be in a vacuum state, a separation mechanism 6 for driving the melting cup 2 and the mold mechanism 3 to be in one of a conducting state and a stopping state, an output end of the material delivery mechanism 1 is connected with an input end of the melting cup 2, an output end of the melting cup 2 is connected with an input end of the mold mechanism 3 through the separation mechanism 6, the melting cup 2 and the mold mechanism 3 are both connected with the vacuum mechanism 5, the injection mechanism 4 is connected with an end of the melting cup 2 away from the mold mechanism 3, the material delivery mechanism 1, The injection mechanism 4, the vacuum mechanism 5 and the separation mechanism 6 are all connected with a controller. In this embodiment, through isolated mould mechanism 3 of partition mechanism 6 and smelting cup 2, order about mould mechanism 3 and smelting cup 2 and form two independent spaces, defeated material mechanism 1 injects the melt into smelting cup 2 in advance, then adopts vacuum mechanism 5 to carry out evacuation processing to smelting cup 2 and mould mechanism 3 respectively in proper order, and then order about mould mechanism 3 and smelting cup 2 intercommunication through partition mechanism 6, inject by pressing injection mechanism 4 and penetrate, thereby improve the casting vacuum effect, shorten the evacuation time, satisfy high efficiency production and high vacuum production requirement.
Preferably, a pressure chamber 21 for loading the melt is arranged inside the melting cup 2, the injection mechanism 4 is movably connected to one end of the pressure chamber 21 far away from the die mechanism 3, and the output end of the pressure chamber 21 is connected with the input end of the die mechanism 3 through a separating mechanism 6. In the present embodiment, the injection mechanism 4 includes an injection punch 41 and a die-casting injection rod 42, the injection punch 41 is movably connected in the pressure chamber 21, the die-casting injection rod 42 is connected with one end of the injection punch 41 far away from the die mechanism 3, and the die-casting injection rod 42 is connected with the controller. Specifically, as shown in the figure, the injection punch 41 is movably connected in the pressure chamber 21, and under the driving of the die-casting injection rod 42, the injection punch 41 passes through an initial position (feeding), a vacuum position (vacuum pumping), a suction stop position (vacuum pumping stop) and a high-speed position (high-speed injection start) in sequence in the process of moving towards the die mechanism 3, so that the melt in the pressure chamber 21 is injected into the die mechanism 3 for cooling and forming.
Preferably, the mold mechanism 3 includes a fixed mold 31 and a movable mold 32, the fixed mold 31 and the movable mold 32 enclose a mold cavity 33, and an input end of the mold cavity 33 is connected with an output end of the pressure chamber 21 through the partition mechanism 6. Specifically, before each die casting, the fixed die 31 and the movable die 32 are separated, then spraying is performed, and after the spraying is completed, the fixed die 31 and the movable die 32 are combined together to enclose the die cavity 33.
Preferably, the separating mechanism 6 comprises a separating channel communicating the die cavity 33 and the pressure chamber 21, the separating channel is movably connected with a slide block 61, one end of the slide block 61 is connected with a hydraulic driving piece 62, so that a slide block through hole 63 communicating the die cavity 33 and the pressure chamber 21 is formed in one side end surface of the slide block 61, and the hydraulic driving piece 62 is connected with the controller; the hydraulic driving piece 62 is used for driving the sliding block 61 to reciprocate between the first position and the second position; the first position is a position where the cavity 33 and the pressure chamber 21 are both communicated with the slider through hole 63, and the second position is a position where the slider 61 obstructs the cavity 33 and the pressure chamber 21. Preferably, the inner diameter of the slider through hole 63 and the inner diameter of the pressure chamber 21 are equal in size, when the slider 61 is in the first position, the slider through hole 63 is in the same straight line with the axis of the pressure chamber 21, and the melt in the pressure chamber 21 enters the die cavity 33 through the slider through hole 63 under the injection action of the injection punch 41; when the slide 61 is in the second position, the slide through hole 63 and the pressure chamber 21 are not communicated, and the slide 61 completely blocks the pressure chamber 21 and the cavity 33, so that the pressure chamber 21 and the cavity 33 are independent of each other, and the pressure chamber 21 and the cavity 33 are prevented from being in gas or liquid material communication.
Preferably, the vacuum mechanism 5 comprises a cavity vacuum member 51, a pressure chamber vacuum member 52, a cavity vacuum sensor 53, a pressure chamber vacuum sensor 54, a cavity vacuum proportional valve 55 and a pressure chamber vacuum proportional valve 56, wherein an output end of the cavity vacuum member 51 is connected with an input end of the cavity vacuum proportional valve 55 through the cavity vacuum sensor 53, an output end of the cavity vacuum proportional valve 55 is connected with the cavity 33, an output end of the pressure chamber vacuum member 52 is connected with an input end of the pressure chamber vacuum proportional valve 56 through the pressure chamber vacuum sensor 54, an output end of the pressure chamber vacuum proportional valve 56 is connected with the pressure chamber, and the cavity vacuum member 51, the pressure chamber vacuum member 52, the cavity vacuum sensor 53, the pressure chamber vacuum sensor 54, the cavity vacuum proportional valve 55 and the pressure chamber vacuum proportional valve 56 are all connected with the controller. Preferably, the cavity vacuum member 51 and the pressure chamber vacuum member 52 are independent vacuum tanks and control devices
Example two:
as shown in fig. 2, a horizontal high vacuum die casting method includes the following steps:
s1: the shot punch 41 is driven to move to the initial position by the die-casting injection rod 42, and the slide block 61 is driven to the second position by the hydraulic drive 62;
specifically, the die-casting injection rod 42 drives the injection punch 41 to move to an initial position, namely, the injection punch 41 is farthest away from the die cavity 33 at the moment, the input end of the pressure chamber 21 is located at one side of the injection punch 41 close to the die cavity 33, spraying on the fixed die 31 and the movable die 32 is started at the same time, the slide block 61 is driven to a second position by the hydraulic driving piece 62, communication between the pressure chamber 21 and the die cavity 33 is blocked, so that synchronous spraying of the die and molten liquid filling of the pressure chamber 21 are realized, and the effect of shortening the die-casting beat is achieved.
S2: the molten liquid is conveyed to the pressure chamber 21 through the material conveying mechanism 1, and the injection punch 41 is driven to move to a vacuum position at a first speed through the injection rod 42;
specifically, after the injection punch 41 is located at the initial position and the slide block 61 reaches the second position, the molten liquid may be conveyed to the pressure chamber 21 through the conveying mechanism 1, then the die-casting injection rod 42 drives the injection punch 41 to move to the vacuum position at the first speed (low speed), during the movement of the injection punch 41, the molten liquid in the pressure chamber 21 is pushed to the side of the vacuum position close to the cavity 33 by the injection punch 41, after the injection punch 41 reaches the vacuum position, the input end (feed inlet) of the pressure chamber 21 is closed by the injection punch 41, the output end of the pressure chamber 21 is closed by the slide block 61, so that the side of the pressure chamber 21 where the molten liquid is filled is isolated from the outside, and a sealed space is formed.
S3: opening the pressure chamber vacuum proportional valve 56, and driving the pressure chamber 21 to be in a vacuum-pumping state through the pressure chamber vacuum piece 52;
specifically, when the injection punch 41 reaches the vacuum position, the pressure chamber vacuum proportional valve 56 is opened, and the pressure chamber vacuum member 52 is driven to evacuate the space on the side of the pressure chamber 21 where the melt is located, so as to achieve early evacuation of the pressure chamber 21, and preferably, the step S3 is implemented by:
opening the pressure chamber vacuum proportional valve 56, and driving the valve opening proportion of the pressure chamber vacuum proportional valve 56 to gradually increase from 10% to 100%, so as to make the pressure chamber 21 in a vacuum state, thereby controlling the vacuum speed to increase from a slow component to a fast speed, keeping the molten liquid level in a calm state, and avoiding the molten liquid being sucked up, further, the pressure chamber vacuum sensor 54 monitors the vacuum data change in the pressure chamber 21 in real time, in the embodiment, after the molten liquid enters the pressure chamber 21, a large amount of smoke, water vapor and the like are generally generated, the slide block 61 of the separation mechanism 6 separates the smoke, water vapor and the like generated by the molten liquid in the pressure chamber 21, that is, the smoke, water vapor and the like generated by the molten liquid cannot enter the mold cavity 33, and then is pumped away by the vacuum pressure chamber 52 in the vacuum process, thereby effectively solving the problem that the smoke, water vapor and the like generated by the molten liquid can enter the mold cavity 33, the difficulty of vacuumizing the die cavity 33 in the die-casting process is simplified, and the influence of smoke and water vapor generated by the molten liquid on the mold filling process is thoroughly eliminated.
S4: opening the mold cavity vacuum proportional valve 55, and driving the mold cavity 33 to be in a vacuum-pumping state through the mold cavity vacuum piece 51;
specifically, after the fixed mold 31 and the movable mold 32 are coated, the fixed mold 31 and the movable mold 32 are closed, so that the fixed mold 31 and the movable mold 32 enclose a mold cavity 33, at this time, since the input end of the mold cavity 33 is closed by the slide block 61, the mold cavity 33 at this time is also a closed space, and then the mold cavity vacuum proportional valve 55 is opened, in this embodiment, the mold cavity vacuum proportional valve 55 is in a completely opened state (100%), the mold cavity vacuum member 51 is driven to evacuate the mold cavity 33 at a relatively fast speed, and further, the mold cavity vacuum sensor 53 monitors the change of vacuum data in the mold cavity 33 in real time.
S5: obtaining a vacuum value of the mold cavity 33 through a mold cavity vacuum sensor 53, obtaining a vacuum value of the pressure chamber 21 through a pressure chamber vacuum sensor 54, judging whether the vacuum value of the mold cavity 33 is consistent with the vacuum value of the pressure chamber 21, if so, driving the slide block 61 to a first position through a hydraulic driving piece 62, and if not, executing S3;
specifically, when the vacuum value of the mold cavity 33 is not consistent with the vacuum value of the pressure chamber 21, the mold cavity 33 and the pressure chamber 21 are continuously vacuumized until the vacuum value of the mold cavity 33 is consistent with the vacuum value of the pressure chamber 21, and when the vacuum value of the mold cavity 33 is consistent with the vacuum value of the pressure chamber 21, the slide 61 is driven to the first position by the hydraulic drive 62, i.e. the die cavity 33 is communicated with the pressure chamber 21 through the slide through hole 63, if the pressure chamber 21 and/or the die cavity 33 are not consistent, the vacuum pumping is continuously carried out, preferably, the vacuum data are real-time data, so as to realize real-time accurate control, reduce the pressure difference between the die cavity 33 and the pressure chamber 21, reduce the communication between the die cavity 33 and the pressure chamber 21, the melt level generates excessive fluctuation, and simultaneously, the time required for the melt level to return to be calm is reduced.
S6: delaying a preset time, driving the injection punch 41 to move towards the die cavity 33 at a first speed through the die-casting injection rod 42;
specifically, when the cavity 33 communicates with the pressure chamber 21 through the slider through hole 63, a predetermined time (diffraction delay 1 second) is delayed to return the melt level to a calm state, and the injection punch 41 is driven by the die-casting rod 42 to move toward the cavity 33 at a first speed (low speed).
S7: determining whether the injection punch 41 reaches the suction stop position, if not, driving the injection punch 41 to move toward the cavity 33 at the first speed by the die-casting injection rod 42, if so, closing the pressure chamber vacuum 52, and performing S8;
specifically, when the injection punch 41 reaches the stop-suction position, the output end of the injection chamber vacuum proportional valve is closed by the injection punch 41, that is, the pressure chamber vacuum member 52 cannot continue to evacuate the space on the side of the pressure chamber 21 where the melt is filled and the cavity 33, so that the pressure chamber vacuum member 52 and the injection chamber vacuum proportional valve are closed, at this time, the cavity vacuum member 51 continues to evacuate the space on the side of the pressure chamber 21 where the melt is filled and the cavity 33, and the die-casting injection rod 42 continues to drive the injection punch 41 to move toward the cavity 33 at the first speed (low speed).
S8: it is determined whether the injection punch 41 has reached the high speed position, and if not, the injection punch 41 is driven by the die-casting injection rod 42 to move at a first speed toward the cavity 33, and if so, the cavity vacuum member 51 and the cavity vacuum proportional valve 55 are closed, and the injection punch 41 is driven by the die-casting injection rod 42 to move at a second speed toward the cavity 33.
Specifically, when the injection punch 41 moves slowly to a high-speed position, the closing of the cavity vacuum member 51 and the die-casting injection rod 42 drives the injection punch 41 to inject at a second speed (high speed), so that the melt is completely filled in the cavity 33, the cooling forming is performed, and finally the mold opening is performed to take out the casting.
In this embodiment, the vacuumizing time of the pressure chamber 21 is from the time when the injection punch 41 reaches the vacuum position to the time when the injection punch 41 reaches the high-speed position, and the vacuumizing time of the die cavity 33 is from the time when the die is closed to the time when the injection punch 41 reaches the high-speed position (the time is 4 to 5 seconds, whereas the vacuumizing time is 1 to 2 seconds, which is 3 seconds longer in the conventional process), so that the vacuumizing time is effectively prolonged, a better vacuum effect is obtained, the high-vacuum production requirement is met, the casting quality is improved, and the phenomena of air holes, looseness, insufficient mold filling and the like in the metal casting are eliminated.
Various other modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art based on the above-described technical solutions and concepts, and all such modifications and changes should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a horizontal high vacuum die-casting system which characterized in that: the molten metal injection molding device comprises a molten cup for loading molten metal, a mold mechanism for driving the molten metal to be solidified and molded, an injection mechanism for driving the molten metal in the molten cup to enter the mold mechanism, a material conveying mechanism for conveying the molten metal to the molten cup, a vacuum mechanism for driving the molten cup and/or the mold mechanism to be in a vacuum state, a separating mechanism for driving the molten cup and the mold mechanism to be in one of a conducting state and a stopping state, and a controller, wherein the output end of the material conveying mechanism is connected with the input end of the molten cup, the output end of the molten cup is connected with the input end of the mold mechanism through the separating mechanism, the molten cup and the mold mechanism are both connected with the vacuum mechanism, the injection mechanism is connected with one end of the molten cup, which is far away from the mold mechanism, and the material conveying mechanism, the injection mechanism, the vacuum mechanism and the separating mechanism are all connected with the controller.
2. The horizontal high vacuum die casting system according to claim 1, wherein: the molten cup is internally provided with a pressure chamber for loading molten liquid, the injection mechanism is movably connected to one end of the pressure chamber far away from the die mechanism, and the output end of the pressure chamber is connected with the input end of the die mechanism through a separation mechanism.
3. The horizontal high vacuum die casting system according to claim 2, wherein: the injection mechanism comprises an injection punch head and a die-casting injection rod, the injection punch head is movably connected in the pressure chamber, the die-casting injection rod is connected with one end, far away from the die mechanism, of the injection punch head, and the die-casting injection rod is connected with the controller.
4. The horizontal high vacuum die casting system according to claim 3, wherein: the die mechanism comprises a fixed die and a movable die, the fixed die and the movable die surround a die cavity, and the input end of the die cavity is connected with the output end of the pressure chamber through a separation mechanism.
5. The horizontal high vacuum die casting system according to claim 4, wherein: the separating mechanism comprises a separating channel communicated with the die cavity and the pressure chamber, the separating channel is movably connected with a sliding block, one end of the sliding block is connected with a hydraulic driving piece, a sliding block through hole communicated with the die cavity and the pressure chamber is formed in one side end face of the sliding block, and the hydraulic driving piece is connected with the controller; the hydraulic driving piece is used for driving the sliding block to reciprocate between a first position and a second position; the first position is a position where the die cavity and the pressure chamber are communicated with the through hole of the sliding block, and the second position is a position where the sliding block blocks the die cavity and the pressure chamber.
6. The horizontal high vacuum die casting system according to claim 5, wherein: the vacuum mechanism comprises a die cavity vacuum piece, a pressure chamber vacuum piece, a die cavity vacuum sensor, a pressure chamber vacuum sensor, a die cavity vacuum proportional valve and a pressure chamber vacuum proportional valve, wherein the output end of the die cavity vacuum piece is connected with the input end of the die cavity vacuum proportional valve through the die cavity vacuum sensor, the output end of the die cavity vacuum proportional valve is connected with the die cavity, the output end of the pressure chamber vacuum piece is connected with the input end of the pressure chamber vacuum proportional valve through the pressure chamber vacuum sensor, the output end of the pressure chamber vacuum proportional valve is connected with the pressure chamber, and the die cavity vacuum piece, the pressure chamber vacuum piece, the die cavity vacuum sensor, the pressure chamber vacuum sensor, the die cavity vacuum proportional valve and the pressure chamber vacuum proportional valve are all connected with a controller.
7. A horizontal high vacuum die casting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: driving the injection punch to move to an initial position through a die-casting injection rod, and driving the sliding block to a second position through a hydraulic driving piece;
s2: delivering molten liquid to a pressure chamber through a material delivery mechanism, and driving an injection punch to move to a vacuum position at a first speed through an injection rod;
s3: opening a pressure chamber vacuum proportional valve, and driving the pressure chamber to be in a vacuum pumping state through a pressure chamber vacuum piece;
s4: opening a mold cavity vacuum proportional valve, and driving the mold cavity to be in a vacuum pumping state through a mold cavity vacuum piece;
s5: obtaining a die cavity vacuum numerical value through a die cavity vacuum sensor, obtaining a pressure chamber vacuum numerical value through a pressure chamber vacuum sensor, judging whether the die cavity vacuum numerical value is consistent with the pressure chamber vacuum numerical value, if so, driving the sliding block to a first position through a hydraulic driving piece, and if not, executing S3;
s6: delaying preset time, and driving an injection punch to move towards the die cavity at a first speed through a die-casting injection rod;
s7: judging whether the injection punch reaches a suction stop position, if not, driving the injection punch to move towards the die cavity direction at a first speed through a die-casting injection rod, if so, closing a pressure chamber vacuum piece, and executing S8;
s8: and judging whether the injection punch head reaches a high-speed position, if not, driving the injection punch head to move towards the die cavity direction at a first speed through the die-casting injection rod, if so, closing the die cavity vacuum part, and driving the injection punch head to move towards the die cavity direction at a second speed through the die-casting injection rod.
8. The horizontal high vacuum die casting method according to claim 7, wherein: the first speed is less than the second speed.
9. The horizontal high vacuum die casting method according to claim 7, wherein: the vacuum position is arranged corresponding to the input end of the pressure chamber, the suction stopping position is arranged corresponding to the output end of the injection chamber vacuum proportional valve, and the high-speed position, the suction stopping position, the vacuum position and the initial position are sequentially arranged from the die mechanism to the injection mechanism.
10. The horizontal high vacuum die casting method according to claim 7, wherein the step S3 is implemented by the following steps:
opening the pressure chamber vacuum proportional valve, and driving the valve opening proportion of the pressure chamber vacuum proportional valve to gradually rise from 10% to 100% so as to enable the pressure chamber to be in a vacuum pumping state.
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