CN113612541A - TDOA-based target analog signal photon link transmission delay measuring device - Google Patents
TDOA-based target analog signal photon link transmission delay measuring device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-band target analog signal photon link transmission delay measuring device based on TDOA. After the target simulation system is powered on, the FPGA of the sending end and the FPGA of the receiving end respectively control the corresponding first optical switch, the second optical switch, the third optical switch and the fourth optical switch to be switched to the delay measurement channel to transmit the delay measurement signal, the optical link is subjected to delay measurement, delay measurement information obtained based on the returned delay measurement signal is reported to the main control computer through the Ethernet module, the main control computer records delay measurement data and issues instructions to respectively control the corresponding first optical switch, the second optical switch, the third optical switch and the fourth optical switch to be switched to the target simulation signal transmission channel to transmit the target simulation signal. The high-precision measurement of the transmission delay of the single-path target analog signal photon link can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of target radiation source simulation, in particular to a TDOA-based target simulation signal photon link transmission delay measuring device.
Background
In a distributed time difference of arrival (TDOA) location system, the position information of a radiation source is determined by determining the time of arrival (TOA) or time difference of arrival (TDOA) of the radiation source to N sensors that are spatially discretely distributed. The target simulation system based on the TDOA information generates N radio frequency signals carrying the TDOA information through N radio frequency signal generators, and transmits the generated N radio frequency signals to corresponding N sensors in the TDOA positioning system respectively so as to simulate the motion trail of a target radiation source. Because the distance between the radio frequency signal generator and the N sensors (the span of a space distribution area is large) is long, and the transmission of the radio frequency signal based on the microwave photon link has the advantages of large bandwidth, low loss, good concealment, no electromagnetic noise interference, small volume, light weight and the like, the transmission of the target analog signal by adopting the scheme can meet the performance requirements of long distance and high fidelity of a target analog system. The TDOA-based target simulation system is shown in FIG. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the target simulation system needs to transmit N paths of multiband target simulation signals to N sensors discretely distributed in space through radio frequency and optical fiber links. The transmission delay of the radio frequency link can be compensated by selecting the same-type same-batch devices with consistent delay characteristics and the same-type same-batch radio frequency cables with consistent lengths, namely, TDOA caused by the same-type same-batch radio frequency link tends to be zero. The transmission delay of the photonic link is unknown due to the inconsistency of the lengths of the optical fiber transmission paths and the uncertainty of the transmission environment of the optical signals, the photonic link of the target simulation system is required to have a long-distance and high-fidelity transmission function of the target simulation signals, the transmission delay of the N paths of target simulation signals passing through the photonic link is required to be accurately measured and reported to the system, a main control computer of the target simulation system records the transmission delay measured values, and TDOA information carried by the generated N paths of target simulation signals is corrected in real time according to the data. At the same time, these adverse factors and constraints also increase the technical difficulty of accurately measuring the transmission delay of the target analog signal through the photonic link. Therefore, in order to generate the N paths of multi-band broadband radio frequency signals accurately controlled by TDOA information, the accurate measurement of the transmission delay of the target analog signal through the photonic link is an important link.
In summary, the main function of the photonic link of the TDOA-based target simulation system is to transmit multiple multi-band target simulation signals with TDOA information, and in order to ensure that the accuracy of the TDOA information contained in the target simulation signals is high enough, the transmission delay of the target simulation signals through the photonic link needs to be accurately measured. Generally, the transmission delay measurement precision of the target analog signal photon link is required to be more than 1/3 of the measurement precision of the sensor TDOA, and the higher the delay measurement precision is, the higher the simulated radiation source track precision is.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a TDOA-based target analog signal photon link transmission delay measuring device, aiming at solving the technical problem that the transmission delay of a multi-band target analog signal passing through a photon link needs to be accurately measured on the basis of transmitting the multi-band target analog signal through the photon link in a long distance and low distortion manner in a target analog system based on TDOA information.
The invention provides a multi-band target analog signal photon link transmission delay measuring device based on TDOA, which comprises a target analog signal light transmitting end and a target analog signal light receiving end; the target analog signal light transmitting end comprises an electro-optical converter, a delay measurement chip, a delay measurement transmitting module, a delay measurement receiving module, a first optical switch, a third optical switch, a 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer, an Ethernet module, a first optical switch control module and a state receiving module; the target analog signal light receiving end comprises a photoelectric converter, a time delay measurement relay receiver, a time delay measurement relay transmitter, a second optical switch, a fourth optical switch, a 4-wavelength division DWDM demultiplexer, a second optical switch control module and a state feedback module; when the target analog signal is transmitted, at a target analog signal optical transmitting end, a target analog signal with a first frequency band is converted into a first optical signal with a first wavelength through an electro-optical converter, enters a 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer after passing through a first optical switch, is subjected to wavelength division multiplexing through the 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer to be synthesized into a first optical mixed signal, and is transmitted to a target analog signal optical receiving end through an optical fiber; at a target analog signal optical receiving end, a 4-wavelength division DWDM demultiplexer decodes a first optical signal, the first optical signal enters a second optical switch, the second optical switch outputs a first optical signal, and the first optical signal is converted into a target analog signal of a first frequency band through a photoelectric converter; when the target analog signal is transmitted, at a target analog signal optical transmitting end, a target analog signal with a second frequency band is converted into a second optical signal with a second wavelength through an electro-optical converter, enters a 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer after passing through a third optical switch, is subjected to wavelength division multiplexing through the 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer to be synthesized into a first optical mixed signal, and is transmitted to a target analog signal optical receiving end through an optical fiber; at a target analog signal optical receiving end, a 4-wavelength division DWDM demultiplexer decodes a second optical signal, the second optical signal enters a fourth optical switch, the fourth optical switch outputs the second optical signal, and the second optical signal is converted into a target analog signal of a second frequency band through a photoelectric converter; when the target analog signal transmission delay measurement is carried out, a delay measurement chip is started to count at a target analog signal optical transmitting end, a delay measurement transmitting module generates a delay measurement pulse signal with a first wavelength, the delay measurement pulse signal enters a first optical switch, enters a 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer through the first optical switch, is subjected to wavelength division multiplexing by the 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer to be synthesized into a first optical mixed signal, and is transmitted to a target analog signal optical receiving end through an optical fiber; at a target analog signal optical receiving end, a 4-wavelength-division DWDM demultiplexer decodes a delay measurement pulse signal, the delay measurement pulse signal enters a second optical switch, the second optical switch outputs a delay measurement pulse signal, the delay measurement pulse signal enters a delay measurement relay receiver and then enters a delay measurement relay transmitter to output a delay measurement pulse signal with a second wavelength, the delay measurement pulse signal is input into a fourth optical switch again, enters the 4-wavelength-division DWDM demultiplexer through the fourth optical switch to be multiplexed to form a second optical mixed signal, and the second optical mixed signal is transmitted back to a target analog signal optical transmitting end through an optical fiber; at a target analog signal optical transmitting end, a 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer receives a second optical mixed signal and solves a delay measurement pulse signal with a second wavelength, the delay measurement pulse signal enters a third optical switch to output the delay measurement pulse signal with the second wavelength, the delay measurement pulse signal enters a delay measurement receiving module to solve the delay measurement pulse signal and then enters a delay measurement chip, and the delay measurement chip stops counting; and the delay measurement chip compares the received delay measurement pulse signal with the returned delay measurement pulse signal when the measurement is started to obtain delay measurement information.
Preferably, when the target analog signal is transmitted, at the target analog signal optical transmitting end, the target analog signal with the first frequency band and the target analog signal with the second frequency band are respectively subjected to electro-optical conversion to form a first optical signal with a first wavelength and a second optical signal with a second wavelength, and the first optical signal and the second optical signal are multiplexed by the 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer to be synthesized into a first optical mixed signal and transmitted to the target analog optical signal receiving end through the single-core optical fiber; and at a target analog optical signal receiving end, the first optical mixed signal is converted and demodulated into a first optical signal and a second optical signal through a 4-wavelength division DWDM demultiplexer.
Preferably, the target analog signal having the first frequency band is a UHF-band signal.
Preferably, the target analog signal having the second frequency band is a Ku frequency band signal.
Preferably, the target analog signal carries TDOA information.
Preferably, when the delay measurement of the transmission of the target analog signal is performed, the first optical switch, the second optical switch, the third optical switch and the fourth optical switch are switched to the delay measurement channel.
Preferably, when the target analog signal transmission is performed, the first optical switch, the second optical switch, the third optical switch, and the fourth optical switch are switched to the target analog signal transmission channel.
Preferably, the system can be provided with a plurality of sets of TDOA-based multi-band target analog signal photon link transmission delay measuring devices, and the delay measuring chip is used for measuring the transmission delay of the multi-path transmission channel under the control of the FPGA.
Preferably, an optical isolator is arranged before the first optical switch and the third optical switch, and when the target analog signal is transmitted, the optical signal converted from the target analog signal passes through the optical isolator first and then is output through the first optical switch and/or the third optical switch; when the target analog signal transmission delay measurement is carried out, the delay measurement pulse signal is output through the first optical switch and/or the third optical switch.
Preferably, when the target analog signal transmission delay measurement is carried out, the main control computer switches the transmission channel to the delay measurement channel, the transmission delay measurement information obtained by the measurement is reported to the main control computer through the Ethernet module, and the main control computer records the delay measurement data; when the target analog signal is transmitted, the main control computer issues an instruction to switch the transmission channel to the target analog signal transmission channel.
The invention realizes the switching of the photonic link delay measurement function and the multi-band target analog signal transmission function of the target analog system through the optical switch, the delay measurement signal and the target analog signal occupy the same optical transmission channel of a single optical fiber in a time-sharing manner, the photonic link delay measurement does not depend on optical wavelength and optical fiber type, and the hardware condition required by the photonic link delay accurate measurement of the target analog system is met in mechanism. The invention also adopts a special time delay measuring chip based on gate delay counting to meet the requirements of high precision and high resolution of photon link time delay measurement. The test result shows that the technical scheme provided by the invention can realize the high-precision measurement of the photonic link delay of the target simulation system, the measurement error is less than 2ns (one order of magnitude higher than the TDOA measurement precision of the sensor), and the measurement precision index requirement of the target simulation system on the photonic link transmission delay is met. In addition, long-distance transmission of multi-path multi-band broadband radio frequency signals can be realized, and the maximum unrepeatered transmission distance can reach 100 km. The technical scheme has good universality and expansibility, and is expected to be widely applied in the fields of high-precision time synchronization, electronic reconnaissance, precision instrument measurement and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional TDOA-based multi-band target simulation system.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a single-path multi-band target analog signal generation and photonic link transmission implementation.
FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of photonic link delay measurement in a target simulation system.
Fig. 4 is a functional block diagram of a less than 2.4 mus delay measurement.
Fig. 5 is a functional block diagram of a delay measurement greater than two times the reference clock period.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of a time-sharing operation scheme of single-channel signal transmission and delay measurement.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an implementation of a photonic link target analog signal transmission and delay measurement technique.
Fig. 8 is a block diagram of the optical switch used in the targeted analog signal photonic transmission link.
Fig. 9 is a block diagram of an implementation of a portion for accurately measuring transmission delay of a photonic link.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a multi-band target analog signal photon link transmission delay measuring device based on TDOA.
As shown in fig. 7, the target analog signal optical transmission end includes an electrical-to-optical converter, a delay measurement chip, a delay measurement transmitting module, a delay measurement receiving module, a first optical switch, a third optical switch, a 4-wavelength-division DWDM multiplexer, an ethernet module, a first optical switch control module, and a state receiving module; the target analog signal light receiving end comprises a photoelectric converter, a time delay measurement relay receiver, a time delay measurement relay transmitter, a second optical switch, a fourth optical switch, a 4-wavelength division DWDM demultiplexer, a second optical switch control module and a state feedback module.
When the target analog signal is transmitted, at a target analog signal optical transmitting end, a target analog signal with a first frequency band is converted into a first optical signal with a first wavelength through an electro-optical converter, enters a 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer after passing through a first optical switch, is subjected to wavelength division multiplexing through the 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer to be synthesized into a first optical mixed signal, and is transmitted to a target analog signal optical receiving end through an optical fiber.
At a target analog signal optical receiving end, a 4-wavelength division DWDM demultiplexer decodes a first optical signal, the first optical signal enters a second optical switch, the second optical switch outputs the first optical signal, and the first optical signal is converted into a target analog signal of a first frequency band through a photoelectric converter.
When the target analog signal is transmitted, at the target analog signal optical transmitting end, the target analog signal with the second frequency band is converted into a second optical signal with a second wavelength through the electro-optical converter, enters the 4-wavelength-division DWDM multiplexer after passing through the third optical switch, is subjected to wavelength division multiplexing through the 4-wavelength-division DWDM multiplexer to be synthesized into a first optical mixed signal, and is transmitted to the target analog signal optical receiving end through the optical fiber.
And at a target analog signal optical receiving end, the 4-wavelength division DWDM demultiplexer decodes a second optical signal, the second optical signal enters a fourth optical switch, the fourth optical switch outputs the second optical signal, and the second optical signal is converted into a target analog signal of a second frequency band through a photoelectric converter.
When the target analog signal transmission delay measurement is carried out, a delay measurement chip is started to count at a target analog signal optical transmitting end, a delay measurement transmitting module generates a delay measurement pulse signal with a first wavelength, the delay measurement pulse signal enters a first optical switch, enters a 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer through the first optical switch, is subjected to wavelength division multiplexing by the 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer to be synthesized into a first optical mixed signal, and is transmitted to a target analog signal optical receiving end through an optical fiber.
At a target analog signal optical receiving end, a 4-wavelength-division DWDM demultiplexer decodes a delay measurement pulse signal, the delay measurement pulse signal enters a second optical switch, the second optical switch outputs a delay measurement pulse signal, the delay measurement pulse signal enters a delay measurement relay receiver and then enters a delay measurement relay transmitter to output a delay measurement pulse signal with a second wavelength, the delay measurement pulse signal is input into a fourth optical switch again, enters the 4-wavelength-division DWDM demultiplexer through the fourth optical switch to be multiplexed to form a second optical mixed signal, and the second optical mixed signal is transmitted back to a target analog signal optical transmitting end through an optical fiber.
At a target analog signal optical transmitting end, a 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer receives a second optical mixed signal and solves a delay measurement pulse signal with a second wavelength, the delay measurement pulse signal enters a third optical switch to output the delay measurement pulse signal with the second wavelength, the delay measurement pulse signal enters a delay measurement receiving module to solve the delay measurement pulse signal and then enters a delay measurement chip, and the delay measurement chip stops counting; and the delay measurement chip compares the received delay measurement pulse signal with the returned delay measurement pulse signal when the measurement is started to obtain delay measurement information.
When the target analog signal is transmitted, at a target analog signal optical transmitting end, electro-optical conversion is respectively carried out on a target analog signal with a first frequency band and a target analog signal with a second frequency band to form a first optical signal with a first wavelength and a second optical signal with a second wavelength, the first optical signal and the second optical signal are multiplexed by a 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer to synthesize a first optical mixed signal, and the first optical mixed signal and the second optical mixed signal are transmitted to a target analog optical signal receiving end through a single-core optical fiber; and at a target analog optical signal receiving end, the first optical mixed signal is converted and demodulated into a first optical signal and a second optical signal through a 4-wavelength division DWDM demultiplexer.
The target analog signal optical transmitting end also comprises an Ethernet module, a first optical switch control module and a state receiving module; the Ethernet module is connected and interacted with the main control computer, the first optical switch control module generates an optical switch control instruction signal with a third wavelength, and the optical switch control instruction signal is multiplexed by the 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer to a first optical mixed signal and transmitted to a target analog signal optical receiving end by an optical fiber.
The target analog signal optical receiving end also comprises an optical second switch control module and a state rotation module, the 4-wavelength division DWDM demultiplexer receives the first optical mixed signal and decodes an optical switch control instruction signal, and then sends the optical switch control instruction signal to the second optical switch control module, and the second optical switch control module decodes the optical switch control instruction signal; the state feedback module generates an equipment state feedback information modulation signal with a fourth wavelength, and sends the equipment state feedback information modulation signal to the 4-wavelength-division DWDM demultiplexer for multiplexing to a second optical mixed signal and transmitting the second optical mixed signal back to the target analog signal optical transmitting end; the optical switch control instruction signal is used for controlling each optical switch to switch between a target analog signal transmission mode and a target analog signal transmission delay measurement mode.
And the 4-wavelength division DWDM demultiplexer at the target analog signal optical transmitting end decodes the equipment state feedback information modulation signal with the fourth wavelength from the second optical mixed signal and sends the equipment state feedback information modulation signal to the state receiving module. The state receiving module resolves the device state feedback information.
The target analog signal having the first frequency band is a UHF-band signal, and the target analog signal having the second frequency band is a Ku-band signal. Where the target analog signal carries TDOA information.
When the target analog signal transmission delay measurement is carried out, the first optical switch, the second optical switch, the third optical switch and the fourth optical switch are switched to a delay measurement channel.
When the target analog signal transmission is carried out, the first optical switch, the second optical switch, the third optical switch and the fourth optical switch are switched to a target analog signal transmission channel.
The system can be provided with a plurality of sets of TDOA-based multi-band target analog signal photon link transmission delay measuring devices, and a delay measuring chip is used for measuring the transmission delay of a plurality of transmission channels under the control of an FPGA.
An optical isolator is arranged in front of the first optical switch and the third optical switch, and when the target analog signal is transmitted, the optical signal converted from the target analog signal passes through the optical isolator firstly and then is output through the first optical switch and/or the third optical switch. When the target analog signal transmission delay measurement is carried out, the delay measurement pulse signal is output through the first optical switch and/or the third optical switch.
When the target analog signal transmission delay measurement is carried out, the main control computer switches the transmission channel to the delay measurement channel, the transmission delay measurement information obtained by the measurement is reported to the main control computer through the Ethernet module, and the main control computer records the delay measurement data; when the target analog signal is transmitted, the main control computer issues an instruction to switch the transmission channel to the target analog transmission channel.
The detailed operation of the TDOA-based photonic link propagation delay measurement apparatus for multi-band target analog signals is described below.
In a target simulation system based on TDOA information, on the basis of transmitting a multi-channel multi-band target simulation signal in a long distance and low distortion mode through a photonic link, the transmission delay of the multi-band target simulation signal through the photonic link needs to be accurately measured. Because the target radiation source simulation system has high requirement on the precision index (the error is within +/-1 ns) of photonic link delay measurement, and the photonic link delay measurement result is not only related to a system design implementation method of the target radiation source simulation system and a photonic link transmission technical scheme of a multi-band target simulation signal, but also limited by the precision of a measuring device and a specific application occasion, no other effective technical method for the photonic link delay precision measurement of the target radiation source simulation system is available at present. The technology related by the method comprises a target radiation source simulation system design method based on TDOA information, a multiband broadband radio frequency signal long-distance transmission technology based on a microwave photon link, a photon link delay accurate measurement technology based on a gate delay counting principle, a sampling light modulation technology of delay measurement pulse signals and an analog modulation light wavelength division multiplexing/demultiplexing technology.
The invention uses the thought of microwave photonics for reference, and adopts a method of wavelength division multiplexing in an optical domain to transmit a single-path multiband target analog signal, wherein the target analog system generates the single-path multiband target analog signal and transmits a photonic link as an example, and the method is shown in figure 2.
The design idea is that target analog signals with N frequency ranges covering the 2 frequency ranges are respectively generated by UHF (300 MHz-3 GHz) and Ku (12 GHz-18 GHz) frequency range signal generators, the target analog signals are radio frequency signals, the 2 frequency range radio frequency signals are respectively subjected to electric/optical conversion and wavelength division multiplexing to be synthesized into a beam of light, the beam of light is transmitted to optical signal receiving ends through single-core optical fibers, and each receiving end demodulates the original target analog signals through wavelength division demultiplexing and optical/electric conversion. Therefore, the measurement of the transmission delay of the target analog signal of 2 frequency bands through the photonic link is to measure the transmission delay of the target analog signal after the target analog signal passes through the long-distance optical fiber transmission medium.
Aiming at the technical problem of accurate measurement of transmission delay of a target analog signal through a long-distance optical fiber transmission medium, the technical scheme has the implementation process that: firstly, a high-stability pulse signal generator outputs a delay measurement pulse signal, a delay measurement chip is started to start timing, the delay measurement pulse signal is converted into an optical pulse after being shaped and transmitted to a receiving end in a wavelength division multiplexing mode, then the pulse signal is demodulated through wavelength division demultiplexing and optical/electrical conversion, the demodulated electrical pulse signal is transmitted back to a transmitting end after being reshaped and then is converted into the electrical pulse signal through the electrical/optical conversion, the electrical pulse signal is recovered through the optical/electrical conversion again, and the pulse signal is shaped and then the delay measurement chip is controlled to stop counting, as shown in figure 3. The transmission delay of the photon link is mainly determined by measuring the time interval between the timing start pulse and the stop pulse (counting) of the delay measurement chip, and according to the counting value of a logic gate counter in the delay measurement chip and the real-time corrected single gate delay at the temperature, the total time of the back-and-forth transmission of the delay measurement pulse signal can be known, so that the transmission delay of the photon link is calculated.
When the measurement delay range is less than 2.4 mus, the internal logic gate delay is used to measure the time interval with high precision, and fig. 4 illustrates the principle structure of the absolute time measurement gate delay counting. The accuracy of the measurement is completely dependent on the time of the internal signal passing through the internal logic gate. Wherein the start pulse and the stop pulse may be triggered by either a rising or a falling edge of the selection signal.
When the measurement delay range is larger than two times of the reference clock period, the whole time interval is not measured by adopting the method of internal logic gate delay, only the interval time from the start signal or the stop signal to the rising edge of the adjacent reference clock is measured (fine counting), and the reference clock period number (coarse counting) is recorded between two fine measurements, as shown in fig. 5.
In order to avoid the influence of different optical wavelengths and optical fiber types on the transmission delay measurement precision, the technical scheme adopts a time-sharing working method to realize the multi-band target analog signal transmission function and the delay precision measurement function of a photonic link, electro-optical modulation is carried out on light with the same wavelength by using a delay measurement pulse signal and a target analog signal respectively, and then the two optical signals of the delay measurement pulse signal and the target analog signal are switched according to instructions through an optical switch, as shown in figure 6.
Time-sharing working process: before transmitting the target analog signal, the optical switch needs to be switched to the delay measurement channel through the command control signal to obtain a photon link delay measurement value and accurately compensate the delay of the radio frequency signal transmission channel. Then the optical switch is switched to a radio frequency signal transmission channel to complete high fidelity and long distance transmission of the target analog signal, as shown in fig. 8.
Since the TDOA information is contained in the N target analog signals, the propagation delay of the N target analog signals through the respective photonic links needs to be known. Compared with a single path, the N paths adopt the same link design framework, and the method can be popularized and applied to photon link transmission delay measurement occasions of N paths of target analog signals, and is shown in figure 9.
Based on the design concept, the invention provides a TDOA-based target analog signal photon link transmission delay measuring device. The scheme adopts a time-sharing working mode to realize the transmission function and the transmission delay accurate measurement function of the target analog signal photon link, and the technical implementation block diagram is shown in figure 7.
As can be seen from FIG. 7, the occupied wavelength of the target analog signal and the delayed measurement signal is λ1And λ2Is transmitted through the optical channel. After the target simulation system is powered on, the FPGA of the sending end and the FPGA of the receiving end respectively control the corresponding first optical switch, the second optical switch, the third optical switch and the fourth optical switch to be switched to the delay measurement channel to transmit the delay measurement signal, the optical link is subjected to delay measurement, delay measurement information obtained based on the returned delay measurement signal is reported to the main control computer through the Ethernet module, the main control computer records delay measurement data and issues an instruction to respectively control the corresponding first optical switch, the second optical switch, the third optical switch and the fourth optical switch to be switched to the target simulation signal transmission channel to transmit the target simulation radio frequency signal.
Wavelength of λ1And λ2Of the optical channelThe antenna is respectively used for transmitting UHF frequency band radio frequency signals and Ku frequency band radio frequency signals. Wavelength of λ3And λ4The optical channels are respectively used for realizing the transmission of the optical switch control instruction signal and the equipment state return information modulation signal. Lambda [ alpha ]1Wavelength of 1551.721nm and lambda2Wavelength of 1548.515nm and lambda3Wavelength of 1554.94nm and lambda4The wavelength was 1556.555 nm.
During the optical path delay measurement, the sending end control unit sends a start pulse to the delay measurement chip under the control of the FPGA, starts the delay measurement chip to count, and modulates the generated delay measurement pulse signal to an optical domain (at the moment, the optical wavelength is lambda) through electric/optical conversion1) After passing through the optical switch, the delay measurement signal modulated light passes through a link through which the UHF frequency band target analog signal modulated light passes, and then is transmitted to a receiving end for relay receiving and relay transmission (at the moment, the optical wavelength is lambda)2) Returning, the link through which the Ku frequency band target analog signal modulates the light passes, and demodulating a delay measurement pulse signal to a sending end through an optical switch and optical/electrical conversion, wherein the pulse signal is used as a stop pulse to stop counting of a delay measurement chip, and the technical implementation is shown in the attached figure 7. And the measurement of the transmission delay of the photonic link is completed by processing the counting information.
Wavelength of λ1And λ2The 4 optical switches used for the light are of the same composition, but the direction of the light is different. The optical switch mainly comprises an optical isolator and a 1 x 2 optical switch, and is shown in figure 8. The optical isolator is used for preventing backward transmission light generated by various reasons in an optical path from generating adverse effects on a light source and a photon link, and meets the performance requirements of low distortion and long-distance transmission of a target analog signal.
The invention adopts a special delay measurement chip, a plurality of gate delay circuits are integrated in the chip, the gate circuits are manufactured by a special semiconductor process, the delay stability is higher, the delay of each gate is controlled within a certain range (50-60 ps in the invention), the delay measurement is started by a starting signal (synchronous delay measurement pulse signal sending time), the delay measurement is stopped by a stopping signal (synchronous delay measurement pulse signal receiving time), and the number of the gates in a measurement period represents the length of the delay. Because the delay measurement takes a logic gate as a timing standard, the error of the gate delay is about 50ps after calibration, and the minimum unit of counting is 1 gate delay, the absolute measurement precision of the gate delay can reach 50ps on the premise of eliminating the influence of the edge jitter and noise of pulse signals. This is an ideal target for the chip, and actually, the chip is interfered by various circuit or ambient temperature. Since the internal delay of the semiconductor is also affected by the ambient temperature, the delay measurement chip needs to be self-calibrated when the ambient temperature changes, generally before each measurement, and the counting error of the chip itself can be minimized after calibration.
The last step in the implementation of the present invention also includes delay measurement error correction. The correction method mainly sends a test signal with specific pulse width and period, actual delay data is obtained by comparing the edge of the received test signal with the edge of a signal of a sending end on a high-precision oscilloscope, theoretically, the data and delay measurement data have a relatively fixed deviation, and a correction model is established by collecting the change condition of the deviation value under different temperature environments to correct the delay data.
According to the test data, when a periodic pulse is used for comparison test with a high-precision oscilloscope, the transmission delay measurement error of the photon link is within 2 ns.
The invention can realize that the transmission delay measurement precision of the photon link is less than 2ns, which is higher than other existing technical means. The method for realizing the long-distance and low-distortion transmission of the N paths of multi-band target analog signals through the microwave photonic link is protected, and the photonic link solution for realizing the 100km transmission of the target analog signals of UHF (300 MHz-3 GHz) and Ku band (12 GHz-18 GHz) through the wavelength division multiplexing in the optical domain is protected. The optical switch is used for realizing that the target analog signal and the delay measurement signal occupy the same optical transmission channel of the single-core optical fiber in a time-sharing manner, so that the influence of different optical wavelengths and optical fiber types on the transmission delay of the photonic link of the accurately measured target analog signal is avoided, and the innovation point is protected. The method for realizing the high-precision and high-resolution measurement of the transmission delay of the single-path target analog signal photon link by adopting the special delay measurement chip based on the gate delay counting is protected. The invention realizes the long-distance and low-distortion transmission of N paths of target analog signals through the microwave photon link and can accurately measure the transmission delay (the error is less than 2ns) of the target analog signal photon link.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-band target analog signal photon link transmission delay measuring device based on TDOA is characterized by comprising a target analog signal light transmitting end and a target analog signal light receiving end;
the target analog signal light transmitting end comprises an electro-optical converter, a delay measurement chip, a delay measurement transmitting module, a delay measurement receiving module, a first optical switch, a third optical switch, a 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer, an Ethernet module, a first optical switch control module and a state receiving module; the target analog signal light receiving end comprises a photoelectric converter, a time delay measurement relay receiver, a time delay measurement relay transmitter, a second optical switch, a fourth optical switch, a 4-wavelength division DWDM demultiplexer, a second optical switch control module and a state feedback module;
when the target analog signal is transmitted, at a target analog signal optical transmitting end, a target analog signal with a first frequency band is converted into a first optical signal with a first wavelength through an electro-optical converter, enters a 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer after passing through a first optical switch, is subjected to wavelength division multiplexing through the 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer to be synthesized into a first optical mixed signal, and is transmitted to a target analog signal optical receiving end through an optical fiber;
at a target analog signal optical receiving end, a 4-wavelength division DWDM demultiplexer decodes a first optical signal, the first optical signal enters a second optical switch, the second optical switch outputs a first optical signal, and the first optical signal is converted into a target analog signal of a first frequency band through a photoelectric converter;
when the target analog signal is transmitted, at a target analog signal optical transmitting end, a target analog signal with a second frequency band is converted into a second optical signal with a second wavelength through an electro-optical converter, enters a 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer after passing through a third optical switch, is subjected to wavelength division multiplexing through the 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer to be synthesized into a first optical mixed signal, and is transmitted to a target analog signal optical receiving end through an optical fiber;
at a target analog signal optical receiving end, a 4-wavelength division DWDM demultiplexer decodes a second optical signal, the second optical signal enters a fourth optical switch, the fourth optical switch outputs the second optical signal, and the second optical signal is converted into a target analog signal of a second frequency band through a photoelectric converter;
when the target analog signal transmission delay measurement is carried out, a delay measurement chip is started to count at a target analog signal optical transmitting end, a delay measurement transmitting module generates a delay measurement pulse signal with a first wavelength, the delay measurement pulse signal enters a first optical switch, enters a 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer through the first optical switch, is subjected to wavelength division multiplexing by the 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer to be synthesized into a first optical mixed signal, and is transmitted to a target analog signal optical receiving end through an optical fiber;
at a target analog signal optical receiving end, a 4-wavelength-division DWDM demultiplexer decodes a delay measurement pulse signal, the delay measurement pulse signal enters a second optical switch, the second optical switch outputs a delay measurement pulse signal, the delay measurement pulse signal enters a delay measurement relay receiver and then enters a delay measurement relay transmitter to output a delay measurement pulse signal with a second wavelength, the delay measurement pulse signal is input into a fourth optical switch again, enters the 4-wavelength-division DWDM demultiplexer through the fourth optical switch to be multiplexed to form a second optical mixed signal, and the second optical mixed signal is transmitted back to a target analog signal optical transmitting end through an optical fiber;
at a target analog signal optical transmitting end, a 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer receives a second optical mixed signal and solves a delay measurement pulse signal with a second wavelength, the delay measurement pulse signal enters a third optical switch to output the delay measurement pulse signal with the second wavelength, the delay measurement pulse signal enters a delay measurement receiving module to solve the delay measurement pulse signal and then enters a delay measurement chip, and the delay measurement chip stops counting; and the delay measurement chip compares the received delay measurement pulse signal with the returned delay measurement pulse signal when the measurement is started to obtain delay measurement information.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein when the target analog signal is transmitted, at the target analog signal optical transmitting end, the target analog signal having the first frequency band and the target analog signal having the second frequency band are respectively subjected to electrical-optical conversion to form a first optical signal having the first wavelength and a second optical signal having the second wavelength, and the first and second optical signals are multiplexed by a 4-wavelength division DWDM multiplexer to be combined into a first optical hybrid signal and transmitted to the target analog optical signal receiving end through a single-core optical fiber;
and at a target analog optical signal receiving end, the first optical mixed signal is converted and demodulated into a first optical signal and a second optical signal through a 4-wavelength division DWDM demultiplexer.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the target analog signal having the first frequency band is a UHF-band signal.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the target analog signal having the second frequency band is a Ku frequency band signal.
5. A device as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein said target analogue signal carries TDOA information.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first optical switch, the second optical switch, the third optical switch, and the fourth optical switch are switched to the delay measurement channel when the delay measurement of the transmission of the target analog signal is performed.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first optical switch, the second optical switch, the third optical switch, and the fourth optical switch are switched to a target analog signal transmission channel when a target analog signal transmission is performed.
8. The device of claim 1, wherein there are multiple sets of TDOA-based multi-band target analog signal photonic link transmission delay measurement devices, and the delay measurement chip performs transmission delay measurement on multiple transmission channels under the control of FPGA.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein an optical isolator is disposed before the first optical switch and the third optical switch,
when the target analog signal is transmitted, an optical signal converted from the target analog signal passes through the optical isolator firstly and then is output through the first optical switch and/or the third optical switch;
when the target analog signal transmission delay measurement is carried out, the delay measurement pulse signal is output through the first optical switch and/or the third optical switch.
10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein when the delay measurement of the target analog signal transmission is performed, the main control computer switches the transmission channel to the delay measurement channel, the transmission delay measurement information obtained by the measurement is reported to the main control computer through the Ethernet module, and the main control computer records the delay measurement data; when the target analog signal is transmitted, the main control computer issues an instruction to switch the transmission channel to the target analog signal transmission channel.
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