CN113612207A - Current balancing device of field effect transistor - Google Patents
Current balancing device of field effect transistor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113612207A CN113612207A CN202110739233.3A CN202110739233A CN113612207A CN 113612207 A CN113612207 A CN 113612207A CN 202110739233 A CN202110739233 A CN 202110739233A CN 113612207 A CN113612207 A CN 113612207A
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 6
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
- H02H9/025—Current limitation using field effect transistors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/625—Regulating voltage or current wherein it is irrelevant whether the variable actually regulated is ac or dc
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Abstract
The invention discloses a field effect transistor current balancing device. The device comprises: a power supply unit; the field effect transistors connected in parallel are all connected with the power supply unit; the current calculating units are connected with the field effect transistors in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and each current calculating unit is used for detecting the current value flowing through the corresponding field effect transistor; a current-sharing calculation unit configured to calculate and output a current mean value of the plurality of field effect transistors according to the detected current values of the plurality of current calculation units; the current adjusting unit is provided with a plurality of output ends which correspond to the field effect transistors one to one, and each output end of the current adjusting unit is configured to adjust the current flowing through the corresponding field effect transistor to a current average value. The device of the invention avoids overlarge current flowing through some MOSFETs caused by unbalanced current value flowing through each MOSFET, and reduces the risk of damage of the MOSFETs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of field effect transistor driving, in particular to a field effect transistor current balancing device.
Background
At present, science and technology are on the rise, electrical appliances are indispensable in life, however, due to the great progress of science and technology, the functions of required products are increased day by day, so that the electricity consumption specifications of many products are greatly improved compared with the early stage, and therefore, more heavy-current products are required to be developed in the future development. Under the design of large current hot plug, it is not necessary to use more MOSFETs (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect transistors, abbreviated as Field-Effect transistors) to distribute the current and achieve current balance, so that each MOSFET uses energy consumption and temperature even distribution to further distribute the energy accumulated on each component, and the components can operate under the safety standard, thereby reducing the damage of components in long-time operation due to overcurrent or over-high temperature. Therefore, how to achieve accurate current sharing of all the MOSFETs used in the whole circuit is an implementation way to improve the stability and safety of the product.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows that a conventional server adopts a multi-channel parallel MOSFET distributed large-current hot plug design, and since the simple MOSFET design does not have a current detection function at the output back end, it cannot be ensured whether a current flows through under a large current condition. In addition, in practical application, space and design requirements are met, when the MOSFETs are connected to a Power Supply Unit (PSU), it cannot be guaranteed that the MOSFETs are all completely symmetrical, the asymmetric layout design may cause the current flowing through each MOSFET to be high or low, when a higher current passes through a certain MOSFET for a long time, the current may be too large and the temperature may rise, and the service life of the MOSFET may be reduced or the MOSFET may be damaged due to excessive use under long-time operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is desirable to provide a field effect transistor current balancing apparatus capable of accurately adjusting a current flowing through a field effect transistor.
A field effect transistor current balancing apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
a power supply unit;
the field effect transistors are connected in parallel, and each field effect transistor is connected with the power supply unit;
the current calculating units are connected with the field effect transistors in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and each current calculating unit is used for detecting the current value flowing through the corresponding field effect transistor;
the input end of the current-sharing calculation unit is connected with the current calculation units, and the current-sharing calculation unit is configured to calculate and output the current average value of the field effect transistors according to the detected current values of the current calculation units;
the current adjusting unit is provided with a plurality of output ends which correspond to the field effect transistors one to one, each output end of the current adjusting unit is connected to the corresponding field effect transistor, and each output end of the current adjusting unit is configured to adjust the current flowing through the corresponding field effect transistor to the current mean value.
In some embodiments, each current calculation unit comprises a micro-ohm meter, a first voltmeter, and a first controller;
the micro-ohmmeter is connected in parallel with the corresponding field effect transistor and is configured to measure the resistance value of the corresponding field effect transistor;
the first voltmeter is connected with the corresponding field effect transistor in parallel and is configured to measure the voltage value of the corresponding field effect transistor;
the micro-ohmmeter and the first voltmeter are both connected to the controller, and the first controller is configured to calculate a first current value flowing through the corresponding field effect transistor based on the resistance value of the corresponding field effect transistor and the voltage value of the corresponding field effect transistor.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a first storage unit connected to the first controller, the first controller configured to:
comparing the first current value with a preset current value;
and in response to the fact that the first current value is detected to be larger than or equal to a preset current value, storing the current first current value and the measurement time corresponding to the current first current value in the first storage unit.
In some embodiments, the first controller is further configured to:
and in response to the fact that the first current value is detected to be smaller than the preset current value after the first current value is larger than or equal to the preset current value, storing the current first current value and the measurement time corresponding to the current first current value to the first storage unit again.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a first buzzer connected to the first controller, the first controller configured to:
and controlling the first buzzer to give an alarm in response to the fact that the first current value is detected to be larger than or equal to a preset current value.
In some embodiments, each current calculating unit includes a preset resistance value first resistor, a second voltmeter and a second controller;
the first resistor is connected with the corresponding field effect transistor in series, and the second voltmeter is connected to two ends of the first resistor in parallel and configured to detect the voltage value of two ends of the first resistor;
the second voltmeter is connected with the second controller, and the second controller is configured to calculate a second current value flowing through the corresponding field effect transistor based on the voltage value at the two ends of the first resistor and the preset resistance value.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a second storage unit connected to the second controller, the second controller configured to:
comparing the second current value with a preset current value;
and in response to the fact that the second current value is detected to be larger than or equal to a preset current value, storing the current second current value and the measurement time corresponding to the current second current value to the second storage unit.
In some embodiments, the second controller is further configured to:
and in response to the fact that the second current value is detected to be smaller than the preset current value after the second current value is larger than or equal to the preset current value, storing the current second current value and the measurement time corresponding to the current second current value to the second storage unit again.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a second buzzer connected to the second controller, the second controller configured to:
and controlling the second buzzer to give an alarm in response to the fact that the second current value is larger than or equal to a preset current value.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a hot-swap chip and a second resistor;
the hot plug chip is connected in series between the power supply unit and the field effect transistors, and the second resistor is connected in parallel with the hot plug chip.
The field effect transistor current balancing device utilizes the current calculating unit to feed back the current of each MOSFET, then calculates the current equalizing current value of each MOSFET through the current equalizing calculating unit and utilizes the value as a reference point, and then utilizes the current adjusting unit to adjust the pulse wave width according to the current equalizing current value to output a corresponding signal to the MOSFET, thereby achieving the purpose of current balancing, avoiding overlarge current flowing through some MOSFETs caused by unbalanced current value of each MOSFET and reducing the risk of MOSFET damage.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other embodiments can be obtained by using the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional server employing a multi-path parallel MOSFET distributed large current hot plug design;
fig. 2 is a current equalizing apparatus for a field effect transistor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[ description of reference ]
1: a power supply unit;
2: a plurality of field effect transistors connected in parallel;
3: a plurality of current calculating units;
4: a current-sharing calculation unit;
5: a current adjusting unit;
6: an abnormality detection memory.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that all expressions using "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present invention are used for distinguishing two entities with the same name but different names or different parameters, and it should be noted that "first" and "second" are merely for convenience of description and should not be construed as limitations of the embodiments of the present invention, and they are not described in any more detail in the following embodiments.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the present invention provides a current balancing apparatus for a field effect transistor, the apparatus comprising:
a power supply unit 1;
a plurality of parallel field effect transistors 2 (see in detail a plurality of MOSFETs in fig. 1), each connected to said power supply unit;
a plurality of current calculating units 3, the current calculating units being connected to the field effect transistors in a one-to-one correspondence, each current calculating unit being configured to detect a value of current flowing through the corresponding field effect transistor;
the input end of the current-sharing calculation unit 4 is connected with the current calculation units 3, and the current-sharing calculation unit 4 is configured to calculate and output the current average value of the field effect transistors according to the detected current values of the current calculation units 3;
the current adjusting unit 5 is provided with a plurality of output ends corresponding to the field effect transistors one to one, each output end of the current adjusting unit 5 is connected to the corresponding field effect transistor, and each output end of the current adjusting unit 5 is configured to adjust the current flowing through the corresponding field effect transistor to the current average value.
The field effect transistor current balancing device firstly utilizes the current calculating unit to feed back the current of each MOSFET, then utilizes the current equalizing value of each MOSFET calculated by the current equalizing calculating unit as a reference point, and utilizes the current adjusting unit to adjust the pulse wave width according to the current equalizing value and output corresponding signals to the MOSFETs, thereby achieving the purpose of current balancing, avoiding overlarge current flowing through some MOSFETs caused by unbalanced current value of each MOSFET and reducing the risk of MOSFET damage.
In some embodiments, each current calculation unit comprises a micro-ohm meter, a first voltmeter, and a first controller;
the micro-ohmmeter is connected in parallel with the corresponding field effect transistor and is configured to measure the resistance value of the corresponding field effect transistor;
the first voltmeter is connected with the corresponding field effect transistor in parallel and is configured to measure the voltage value of the corresponding field effect transistor;
the micro-ohmmeter and the first voltmeter are both connected to the controller, and the first controller is configured to calculate a first current value flowing through the corresponding field effect transistor based on the resistance value of the corresponding field effect transistor and the voltage value of the corresponding field effect transistor.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a first storage unit connected to the first controller, the first controller configured to:
comparing the first current value with a preset current value;
and in response to the fact that the first current value is detected to be larger than or equal to a preset current value, storing the current first current value and the measurement time corresponding to the current first current value in the first storage unit.
In some embodiments, the first controller is further configured to:
and in response to the fact that the first current value is detected to be smaller than the preset current value after the first current value is larger than or equal to the preset current value, storing the current first current value and the measurement time corresponding to the current first current value to the first storage unit again.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a first buzzer connected to the first controller, the first controller configured to:
and controlling the first buzzer to give an alarm in response to the fact that the first current value is detected to be larger than or equal to a preset current value.
In some embodiments, rather than directly measuring the current flowing through the field effect transistor as described above, the field effect transistor current may be measured indirectly by adding a resistance to the circuit, specifically: each current calculation unit comprises a first resistor with a preset resistance value, a second voltmeter and a second controller;
the first resistor is connected with the corresponding field effect transistor in series, and the second voltmeter is connected to two ends of the first resistor in parallel and configured to detect the voltage value of two ends of the first resistor;
the second voltmeter is connected with the second controller, and the second controller is configured to calculate a second current value flowing through the corresponding field effect transistor based on the voltage value at the two ends of the first resistor and the preset resistance value.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a second storage unit connected to the second controller, the second controller configured to:
comparing the second current value with a preset current value;
and in response to the fact that the second current value is detected to be larger than or equal to a preset current value, storing the current second current value and the measurement time corresponding to the current second current value to the second storage unit.
In some embodiments, the second controller is further configured to:
and in response to the fact that the second current value is detected to be smaller than the preset current value after the second current value is larger than or equal to the preset current value, storing the current second current value and the measurement time corresponding to the current second current value to the second storage unit again.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a second buzzer connected to the second controller, the second controller configured to:
and controlling the second buzzer to give an alarm in response to the fact that the second current value is larger than or equal to a preset current value.
Referring to fig. 2 again, the apparatus further includes a hot-swap chip and a second resistor (i.e., a resistor R-shunt);
the hot plug chip is connected in series between the power supply unit 1 and the field effect transistors, and the second resistor is connected in parallel with the hot plug chip.
In another embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2 again, the following detailed description will be made by taking the application server of the device as an example and taking the MOSFET distributed large-current hot plug in multiple parallel connections as an example, and the device of the present invention adds the following components compared with the conventional server in MOSFET distributed large-current hot plug design with multiple parallel connections:
the current calculating unit 3 can calculate the current accurate current value of each path of MOSFET
The current-sharing calculation unit 4 accesses the current magnitude of each MOSFET, calculates the value under each current-sharing condition and presents the value in a digital mode;
a current adjusting unit 5 for performing waveform adjustment only at the current calculating unit and the current-sharing calculating unit
And an abnormality detection buffer 6 which is added with the function, optimizes the deficiency of the existing system and records the abnormal condition in the operation process in the buffer.
The present invention uses the above mentioned technical features to achieve the automatic current regulation and enhance the system stability, so that each MOSFET can flow the accurate current-sharing current, and further achieve the stable consumption of each component and within the reasonable operation range. In this process, the current calculating unit 3 operates in real time, and uses the micro-ohm meter and the voltmeter to directly and accurately calculate the current flowing through each MOSFET, or uses the conventional resistor-dedicated voltage switching mode to represent the current magnitude.
The current-sharing calculation unit 4 calculates the total current according to the result of the current calculation unit 3, and performs an innovative DPWM waveform generation by using the calculated result of the appropriate flow for each MOSFET, and performs the switching control of each MOSFET in an analog manner by using the DPWM mode instead of the original system, thereby greatly reducing the error caused by the analog control and simplifying the complexity of the system. In addition, the current DPWM waveform is also calculated by the obtained actual currents, and the two waveforms are further provided to the next current adjustment unit for operation adjustment.
For the design of the current adjusting unit 5, the current value obtained by the current-sharing calculating unit 4 is converted into a wave shape for adjustment, so as to provide the corresponding MOSFET switching time, so that each MOSFET can achieve the target current, and finally achieve the purpose of current sharing. In addition, the original actual DPWM waveform is also transmitted to the abnormality detection register 6, and through this mechanism, under the condition of abnormal operation, a warning is issued and this condition is stored in the abnormality detection register 6, so that an engineer can judge the abnormality occurred once during back-end analysis, and if the current abnormality exceeds a preset current value, the MOSFET is turned off to reduce the damage of each MOSFET.
The device of the invention at least has the following beneficial technical effects: many high current applications are utilized in the overall server, and the device can ensure that the designed components are always in a normal operating state. The operation of the server is continuous, the service life of the components is more important under the long-time operation, the device not only improves the stability of the system, but also can improve the competitiveness of the server product, and once an abnormal condition occurs in the operation of the server, the device can immediately respond to the condition, and the operation is closed, so that the greater damage is reduced, and the value of the product is improved. In addition, a warning mechanism is added in the current calculation unit, when the system current is calculated to be abnormal, the signal can be recorded into the abnormal detection register, if the recorded value exceeds the designed value, the abnormal MOSFET is immediately closed, and the probability of component damage is reduced. By using the above characteristics, the precision of the overall design can be achieved, and the utilization rate of each component can be averaged through the automatic correction current sharing method, and the stability of the overall system can be improved.
The foregoing is an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, but it should be noted that various changes and modifications could be made herein without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, although elements of the disclosed embodiments of the invention may be described or claimed in the singular, the plural is contemplated unless limitation to the singular is explicitly stated.
It should be understood that, as used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly supports the exception. It should also be understood that "and/or" as used herein is meant to include any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The numbers of the embodiments disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description, and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the discussion of any embodiment above is meant to be exemplary only, and is not intended to intimate that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, of embodiments of the invention is limited to these examples; within the idea of an embodiment of the invention, also technical features in the above embodiment or in different embodiments may be combined and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the embodiments of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, substitutions, improvements, and the like that may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the embodiments of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A field effect transistor current balancing apparatus, comprising:
a power supply unit;
the field effect transistors are connected in parallel, and each field effect transistor is connected with the power supply unit;
the current calculation units are connected with the field effect transistors in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and each current calculation unit is used for detecting the current value flowing through the corresponding field effect transistor;
the input end of the current-sharing calculation unit is connected with the current calculation units, and the current-sharing calculation unit is configured to calculate and output the current average value of the field effect transistors according to the detected current values of the current calculation units;
the current adjusting unit is provided with a plurality of output ends which correspond to the field effect transistors one to one, each output end of the current adjusting unit is connected to the corresponding field effect transistor, and each output end of the current adjusting unit is configured to adjust the current flowing through the corresponding field effect transistor to the current mean value.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each current calculating unit comprises a micro-ohm meter, a first voltmeter, and a first controller;
the micro-ohmmeter is connected in parallel with the corresponding field effect transistor and is configured to measure the resistance value of the corresponding field effect transistor;
the first voltmeter is connected with the corresponding field effect transistor in parallel and is configured to measure the voltage value of the corresponding field effect transistor;
the micro-ohmmeter and the first voltmeter are both connected to the controller, and the first controller is configured to calculate a first current value flowing through the corresponding field effect transistor based on the resistance value of the corresponding field effect transistor and the voltage value of the corresponding field effect transistor.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising a first storage unit coupled to the first controller, the first controller configured to:
comparing the first current value with a preset current value;
and in response to the fact that the first current value is detected to be larger than or equal to a preset current value, storing the current first current value and the measurement time corresponding to the current first current value in the first storage unit.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first controller is further configured to:
and in response to the fact that the first current value is detected to be smaller than the preset current value after the first current value is larger than or equal to the preset current value, storing the current first current value and the measurement time corresponding to the current first current value to the first storage unit again.
5. The apparatus of claim 3, further comprising a first buzzer coupled to the first controller, the first controller configured to:
and controlling the first buzzer to give an alarm in response to the fact that the first current value is detected to be larger than or equal to a preset current value.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each current calculating unit comprises a preset resistance value first resistor, a second voltmeter and a second controller;
the first resistor is connected with the corresponding field effect transistor in series, and the second voltmeter is connected to two ends of the first resistor in parallel and configured to detect the voltage value of two ends of the first resistor;
the second voltmeter is connected with the second controller, and the second controller is configured to calculate a second current value flowing through the corresponding field effect transistor based on the voltage value at the two ends of the first resistor and the preset resistance value.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising a second storage unit coupled to the second controller, the second controller configured to:
comparing the second current value with a preset current value;
and in response to the fact that the second current value is detected to be larger than or equal to a preset current value, storing the current second current value and the measurement time corresponding to the current second current value to the second storage unit.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the second controller is further configured to:
and in response to the fact that the second current value is detected to be smaller than the preset current value after the second current value is larger than or equal to the preset current value, storing the current second current value and the measurement time corresponding to the current second current value to the second storage unit again.
9. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising a second buzzer connected to the second controller, the second controller configured to:
and controlling the second buzzer to give an alarm in response to the fact that the second current value is larger than or equal to a preset current value.
10. The device according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the device further comprises a hot-swap chip and a second resistor;
the hot plug chip is connected in series between the power supply unit and the field effect transistors, and the second resistor is connected in parallel with the hot plug chip.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110739233.3A CN113612207A (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2021-06-30 | Current balancing device of field effect transistor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110739233.3A CN113612207A (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2021-06-30 | Current balancing device of field effect transistor |
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| CN113612207A true CN113612207A (en) | 2021-11-05 |
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| CN202110739233.3A Withdrawn CN113612207A (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2021-06-30 | Current balancing device of field effect transistor |
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- 2021-06-30 CN CN202110739233.3A patent/CN113612207A/en not_active Withdrawn
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Application publication date: 20211105 |