CN113611899A - Control method for air pressure of fuel cell system - Google Patents
Control method for air pressure of fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113611899A CN113611899A CN202110885629.9A CN202110885629A CN113611899A CN 113611899 A CN113611899 A CN 113611899A CN 202110885629 A CN202110885629 A CN 202110885629A CN 113611899 A CN113611899 A CN 113611899A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling air pressure of a fuel cell system, which comprises the following steps: step 1: detecting air pressure entering a fuel cell stack through a pressure sensor, calibrating a data map table among air flow, pressure and throttle opening, and setting a required pressure value under different air flows through table look-up or fitting functions; step 2: according to the required pressure value, obtaining a preset value of the opening degree of the throttle valve by looking up a table, and enabling the throttle valve to be opened to the preset value obtained by looking up the table firstly; and step 3: the throttle valve reaches a preset value firstly through a first PID controller; and 4, step 4: and after the throttle valve reaches a preset value, performing closed-loop control on the required pressure and the pressure feedback value through a second PID controller, and performing fine adjustment on the opening degree of the throttle valve. The invention has the advantages that the double PID controllers are used for adjusting the throttle opening of the hydrogen fuel cell air system, and the target air pressure is obtained through the sensor, so that the required pressure of air entering the reactor is controlled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to a method for controlling air pressure of a fuel cell system.
Background
At present, there is an increasing demand for energy sources and standard requirements for environmental protection, so it is a necessary trend to develop clean energy sources, a fuel cell is a device for converting chemical energy in fuel into electrical energy, a membrane electrode is the core of a fuel cell engine, hydrogen gas electrochemically reacts on the surface of a catalyst at the anode of the membrane electrode, loses electrons and becomes hydrogen ions with positive charges, the hydrogen ions can migrate through a proton exchange membrane to reach the cathode at the other end of the membrane electrode, air electrochemically reacts on the surface of the catalyst to obtain electrons by penetrating a porous material at the cathode of the membrane electrode to form oxygen ions, and the oxygen ions formed at the cathode end react with the hydrogen ions migrated from the anode end to generate water. The electrons generated in the electrochemical reaction process are led out by electric conductors at two ends of the membrane electrode through a circuit, so that a circuit loop is formed.
In order to meet the requirement that the electrochemical reaction in the fuel cell can continuously and stably operate, a fuel cell system needs to continuously provide air with certain pressure and flow rate to a galvanic pile, the core of the control of the fuel cell system is to control the reaction conditions of the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and air so as to generate electric energy, and the accurate control of the air pressure is particularly important in order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the fuel cell system.
The prior art has some defects: at present, the air pressure of a fuel cell system is controlled in an open loop mode, and the actual value and the ideal value of the open loop control have larger deviation; and cannot respond quickly to the air pressure required by the system in real time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and designs a method for controlling air pressure of a fuel cell system.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the method for controlling the air pressure of the fuel cell system comprises the following steps:
step 1: detecting air pressure entering a fuel cell stack through a pressure sensor, calibrating a data map table among air flow, pressure and throttle opening, and setting a required pressure value under different air flows through table look-up or fitting functions;
step 2: according to the required pressure value, obtaining a preset value of the opening degree of the throttle valve by looking up a table, and enabling the throttle valve to be opened to the preset value obtained by looking up the table firstly;
and step 3: the throttle valve reaches a preset value firstly through a first PID controller;
and 4, step 4: and after the throttle valve reaches a preset value, performing closed-loop control on the required pressure and the pressure feedback value through a second PID controller, and performing fine adjustment on the opening degree of the throttle valve.
The empty-in pressure requirement value: the air in-stack pressure value required by the fuel cell system.
The air inlet pressure feedback value is as follows: and feeding back the magnitude of the idle pressure value in real time according to the detection value of the idle pressure sensor of the fuel cell system.
The second PID controller: and carrying out PID closed-loop control between the air inlet pressure and the air inlet pressure feedback value to calculate a throttle opening degree required value 2.
The throttle opening degree value is as follows: the first part is to calculate an opening value 1 through a table look-up of pressure, flow and opening, and the second part is to calculate an opening value 2 by a second PID controller.
The function of the throttle valve is as follows: the air stacking pressure is controlled by the opening of the throttle valve.
The throttle position feedback functions as: and (5) feeding back the opening position of the throttle valve in real time.
The first PID controller acts as: and PID closed-loop control is carried out between the throttle opening degree demand value and the throttle opening degree feedback value, so that the size of the throttle opening degree is controlled.
The method for controlling the air pressure of the fuel cell system, which is manufactured by the technical scheme of the invention, reversely obtains the air flow, the pressure and the opening degree of the throttle valve by utilizing the existing experimental calibration data, then obtains the mapping relation between the air pressure input value and the output value of the opening degree of the throttle valve under different flow rates by fitting the existing experimental calibration data, obtains the input different air pressures by looking up a table or a fitting function so as to obtain the preset values of the different opening degrees of the throttle valve, then leads the opening degree to reach the preset position by the PID closed-loop control of the throttle valve, and then controls the air stacking pressure of the hydrogen fuel system by the PID control of the air pressure; the method provided by the invention adjusts the throttle opening of the air system of the hydrogen fuel cell by using the double PID controller, obtains the target air pressure by the sensor and further controls the air stack inlet demand pressure.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a method for controlling air pressure in a fuel cell system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and as shown in fig. 1, a method for controlling air pressure in a fuel cell system includes the steps of:
step 1: detecting air pressure entering a fuel cell stack through a pressure sensor, calibrating a data map table among air flow, pressure and throttle opening, and setting a required pressure value under different air flows through table look-up or fitting functions; step 2: according to the required pressure value, obtaining a preset value of the opening degree of the throttle valve by looking up a table, and enabling the throttle valve to be opened to the preset value obtained by looking up the table firstly; and step 3: the throttle valve is made to reach a preset value first by the first PID controller. And 4, step 4: after the throttle valve reaches a preset value, performing closed-loop control on the required pressure and the pressure feedback value through a second PID controller, and performing fine adjustment on the opening degree of the throttle valve; the empty-in pressure requirement value: the air stack pressure value required by the fuel cell system; the air inlet pressure feedback value is as follows: the detection value of the fuel cell system idle-in pressure sensor feeds back the size of the idle-in pressure value in real time; the second PID controller: carrying out PID closed-loop control between the air inlet pressure and the air inlet pressure feedback value to calculate a throttle opening required value 2; the throttle opening degree value is as follows: the first part is to calculate an opening value 1 through a table look-up of pressure, flow and opening, and the second part is to calculate an opening value 2 through a second PID controller; the function of the throttle valve is as follows: the air pile-entering pressure is controlled by the opening of the throttle valve; the throttle position feedback functions as: feeding back the opening position of the throttle valve in real time; the first PID controller acts as: and PID closed-loop control is carried out between the throttle opening degree demand value and the throttle opening degree feedback value, so that the size of the throttle opening degree is controlled.
The embodiment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: detecting air pressure entering a fuel cell stack through a pressure sensor, calibrating a data map table among air flow, pressure and throttle opening, and setting a required pressure value under different air flows through table look-up or fitting functions;
step 2: according to the required pressure value, obtaining a preset value of the opening degree of the throttle valve by looking up a table, and enabling the throttle valve to be opened to the preset value obtained by looking up the table firstly;
and step 3: the throttle valve is made to reach a preset value first by the first PID controller.
And 4, step 4: after the throttle valve reaches a preset value, performing closed-loop control on a required pressure and a pressure feedback value through a second PID controller, finely adjusting the opening degree of the throttle valve, reversely obtaining air flow, pressure and the opening degree of the throttle valve by utilizing the existing experimental calibration data, then obtaining a mapping relation between an air pressure input value and an opening degree output value of the throttle valve under different flow rates by fitting the existing experimental calibration data, obtaining input different air pressures through table lookup or a fitting function so as to obtain preset values of different opening degrees of the throttle valve, then enabling the opening degree to reach a preset position through PID closed-loop control of the throttle valve, and then controlling the air stacking pressure of the hydrogen fuel system through PID control of the air pressure; the method provided by the invention adjusts the throttle opening of the air system of the hydrogen fuel cell by using the double PID controller, obtains the target air pressure by the sensor and further controls the air stack inlet demand pressure.
In the embodiment, a data map table among the air flow, the pressure and the throttle opening is calibrated through the existing experiment, the required pressure value is set under different air flows obtained through table look-up or fitting function, the preset value of the throttle opening is obtained through table look-up, the throttle valve is opened to the preset value obtained through table look-up first, and the throttle valve is opened to the preset value through the first PID controller, so that the air pile-in pressure of the hydrogen fuel cell system is controlled to be close to the required value.
After the throttle valve reaches a preset value, closed-loop control is carried out on the required pressure and the pressure feedback value through the second PID controller, the opening degree of the throttle valve is finely adjusted, the air pile-entering pressure is deviated (larger or smaller) from the target pressure, fine adjustment is carried out through the pressure ring second PID controller, and the purpose of controlling the pressure is further achieved.
In the embodiment, different air flow rates can be set through the mass flow controller, then the air can be back-pressed through the opening degree of the throttle valve, and the pressure and the flow can be measured through the pressure sensor and the flow meter. Establishing a relationship map table of air flow and pressure and throttle opening: the opening degree of a throttle valve is set, then different flow rates are changed through a mass flow controller, and the current air pressure value is recorded.
| Flow 1 | Flow 2 | Flow rate 3 | Flow 4 | Flow rate N | |
| Opening degree 1 | Pressure 11 | Pressure 21 | Pressure 31 | Pressure 41 | Pressure N1 |
| Opening 2 | Pressure 12 | Pressure 22 | Pressure 32 | Pressure 42 | Pressure N2 |
| Opening degree 3 | Pressure 13 | Pressure 23 | Pressure 33 | Pressure 43 | Pressure N3 |
| Opening degree 4 | Pressure 14 | Pressure 24 | Pressure 34 | Pressure 44 | Pressure N4 |
| Opening 5 | Pressure 15 | Pressure 25 | Pressure 35 | Pressure 45 | Pressure N5 |
| Opening degree N | Pressure 1N | Pressure 2N | Pressure 3N | Pressure 4N | Pressure NN |
The functions of each control part are as follows:
empty entry pressure requirement value: the air stack pressure value required by the fuel cell system;
air-in pressure feedback value: the detection value of the fuel cell system idle-in pressure sensor feeds back the size of the idle-in pressure value in real time;
a second PID controller: carrying out PID closed-loop control between the air inlet pressure and the air inlet pressure feedback value to calculate a throttle opening required value 2;
throttle opening value: the first part is to calculate an opening value 1 through a table look-up of pressure, flow and opening, and the second part is to calculate an opening value 2 through a second PID controller;
the function of the throttle valve is as follows: the air pile-entering pressure is controlled by the opening of the throttle valve;
throttle position feedback: feeding back the opening position of the throttle valve in real time;
the first PID controller acts as: and PID closed-loop control is carried out between the throttle opening degree demand value and the throttle opening degree feedback value, so that the size of the throttle opening degree is controlled.
The technical solutions described above only represent the preferred technical solutions of the present invention, and some possible modifications to some parts of the technical solutions by those skilled in the art all represent the principles of the present invention, and fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method of controlling air pressure in a fuel cell system, comprising the steps of:
step S1: detecting air pressure entering a fuel cell stack through a pressure sensor, calibrating a data map table among air flow, pressure and throttle opening, and setting required pressure values under different air flows obtained through table lookup or fitting functions;
step S2: according to the required pressure value, obtaining a preset value of the opening degree of the throttle valve by looking up a table, and enabling the throttle valve to be opened to the preset value obtained by looking up the table firstly;
step S3: the throttle valve reaches a preset value firstly through a first PID controller;
step S4: and after the throttle valve reaches a preset value, performing closed-loop control on the required pressure and the pressure feedback value through a second PID controller, and performing fine adjustment on the opening degree of the throttle valve.
2. The method of controlling air pressure in a fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the idling-in pressure demand value is: the air in-stack pressure value required by the fuel cell system.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the air pressure feedback value is: and feeding back the magnitude of the idle pressure value in real time according to the detection value of the idle pressure sensor of the fuel cell system.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the second PID controller: and carrying out PID closed-loop control between the air inlet pressure and the air inlet pressure feedback value to calculate a throttle opening degree required value 2.
5. The method of controlling air pressure in a fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the throttle opening value is: the first part is to calculate an opening value 1 through a table look-up of pressure, flow and opening, and the second part is to calculate an opening value 2 by a second PID controller.
6. A control method of air pressure of a fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein said throttle valve functions to: the air stacking pressure is controlled by the opening of the throttle valve.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the throttle position feedback acts to: and (5) feeding back the opening position of the throttle valve in real time.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the first PID controller functions to: and PID closed-loop control is carried out between the throttle opening degree demand value and the throttle opening degree feedback value, so that the size of the throttle opening degree is controlled.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110885629.9A CN113611899A (en) | 2021-08-03 | 2021-08-03 | Control method for air pressure of fuel cell system |
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| CN202110885629.9A CN113611899A (en) | 2021-08-03 | 2021-08-03 | Control method for air pressure of fuel cell system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114415747A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-04-29 | 成都中科唯实仪器有限责任公司 | Pressure adjusting method of vacuum adjusting valve |
| CN116826117A (en) * | 2023-06-29 | 2023-09-29 | 大连擎研科技有限公司 | Air system control method, device, controller, system, automobile and medium |
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| CN116826117B (en) * | 2023-06-29 | 2024-06-11 | 大连擎研科技有限公司 | Air system control method, device, controller, system, automobile and medium |
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