CN113611830A - VS (virtual switch)4-graphene aerogel composite material, preparation method and application - Google Patents

VS (virtual switch)4-graphene aerogel composite material, preparation method and application Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113611830A
CN113611830A CN202110844727.8A CN202110844727A CN113611830A CN 113611830 A CN113611830 A CN 113611830A CN 202110844727 A CN202110844727 A CN 202110844727A CN 113611830 A CN113611830 A CN 113611830A
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Prior art keywords
graphene aerogel
solution
aerogel composite
graphene
reaction
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Inventor
李亚辉
吴丽军
龙海涛
陈亚
王亚峰
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Jiangsu Zhitai New Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362Composites
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/581Chalcogenides or intercalation compounds thereof
    • H01M4/5815Sulfides
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/583Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/021Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/028Positive electrodes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention discloses a VS4-a method for preparing a graphene aerogel composite, the method comprising the steps of: step one, NaVO4And C2H5Dissolving NS in deionized water to obtain a uniform solution A; dissolving graphene oxide in deionized water to obtain a solution B; mixing the solution A and the solution B to obtain a uniform solution C; transferring the solution C to a reaction kettle to perform hydrothermal reaction to reduce graphene oxide; after the reaction is finished, standing, filtering and drying to obtain powdery VS4-a graphene aerogel composite; resulting VS4Loaded on graphene aerogel and effectively promote Li+Diffusion coefficient and electron conductivity of;the invention is applied to the lithium-sulfur battery, and the rate capability and the cycle performance of the obtained lithium-sulfur battery are obviously improved.

Description

VS (virtual switch)4-graphene aerogel composite material, preparation method and application
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium-sulfur battery positive electrode materials, in particular to VS4-graphene aerogel composite material, preparation method and application.
Background
Transition metal sulfides are of great interest due to their unique physical and chemical properties and have practical applications in the fields of catalysis, luminescence, energy storage, and the like. As transition metal sulfides, VS4Has a unique structure, and weak inter-chain van der waals force exists in the crystal structure of the structure, so that a loose stacking structure is provided. The large open channels between and in the chains provide potential sites for metal ion diffusion and storage, and are ideal electrode materials for lithium ion batteries.
But due to Li+Low diffusion coefficient and low electron conductivity, such that VS4The high capacity characteristic of (2) is difficult to show in a cycling process and a rate test. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop VS with higher conductivity4And (3) a positive electrode material.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a VS4Graphene aerogel composite, VS in the present invention4Loaded on graphene aerogel and effectively promote Li+Diffusion coefficient and electron conductivity.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: VS (virtual switch)4-a method for preparing a graphene aerogel composite, comprising the steps of:
step one, NaVO4Powder and C2H5Dissolving NS in deionized water to obtain a uniform solution A;
dissolving graphene oxide in deionized water to obtain a solution B;
mixing the solution A with the solution B to obtain a uniform solution C;
transferring the solution C to a reaction kettle to perform hydrothermal reaction to reduce graphene oxide;
after the reaction is finished, standing, filtering and drying to obtain powdery VS4-a graphene aerogel composite.
Preferably NaVO4Is C2H53 to 5 times the molar amount of NS. The invention obtains high-purity VS by strictly controlling the molar ratio of the two substances4And the capacity of the lithium-sulfur battery is improved.
Preferably, the molar weight of the graphene oxide is NaVO41 to 3 times the molar amount. The method ensures the use amount of the graphene oxide and the capacity of the material on the premise of obvious modification, and is favorable for obtaining the lithium-sulfur battery with excellent performance.
Preferably, the process conditions of the hydrothermal reaction in the second step are as follows:
the reaction temperature is 140 ℃ to 200 ℃; the reaction time is 10-16 h.
In the invention, the reaction temperature is strictly controlled, the reaction temperature is too low, the reaction is not thorough or does not react, the reaction temperature is too high, byproducts are easy to appear, and VS is damaged4The purity of (2).
Further preferably, the process conditions of the hydrothermal reaction in the second step are as follows:
the reaction temperature is 160 ℃; the reaction time is 12 h.
The invention has the advantages that the time of the hydrothermal reaction is 12h, the temperature is 160 ℃, the purity of the product is high, and the time is short. Preferably NaVO4And C2H5NS is powder. The powdery material is selected and applied to the battery, is easy to mix and disperse, and is favorable for synthesizing high-purity VS4
Preferably, the standing time of the second step is 12 to 16 hours. The invention has short standing time, non-precipitated products in the solution, low yield of the finally obtained products, long standing time and low productivity.
The object of the present invention is to provide a lithium-sulfur battery using VS4Graphene aerogel composite as positive electrode material, VS4The graphene aerogel composite material has better conductivity and stable structure, and can effectively improve the cycle performance.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a lithium-sulfur battery includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode,the active material used by the anode is VS prepared by the invention4-a graphene aerogel composite.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention uses NaVO4Powder and C2H5NS is used as a raw material, is uniformly mixed with graphene oxide, is heated to a certain temperature by a hydrothermal reaction in deionized water, and then is subjected to C2H5Hydrolysis of NS under alkaline condition to release S2-The linkage between V and O in solution may be represented as VxOy n-Finally converted into VS4(ii) a Graphene oxide on C2H5Reducing the reduced NS into graphene, and further converting the graphene into graphene aerogel under a high-temperature environment;
C2H5NS not only functions as a reducing agent, but also functions as a sulfur donor;
VS4reacting with graphene aerogel at high temperature to form composite material VS4The surface of the graphene aerogel is more uniform, and the conductivity of the product is better;
graphene aerogels have a broader lithium ion transport network, VS4The aerogel is matched to form a composite material, and a porous structure formed by mutual crosslinking of graphene aerogel sheets can help lithium ions to be rapidly applied to VS4Medium de-intercalation, electron conductivity is improved in a microscopic mode, and multiplying power performance is improved in a macroscopic mode;
the aerogel with the three-dimensional porous structure constructed by the graphene can effectively reduce the stacking of graphene sheets, and the porous structure formed by the mutual crosslinking of the sheets is more favorable for the transmission of electrolyte and lithium ions;
VS provided by the invention4Graphene aerogel, common raw materials, simple synthesis process, easily controllable parameters, product with graphene nanostructure, endowing VS4The product has the advantages of larger specific surface area, higher conductivity, better conductivity according to the advantages of the process, stable structure and effectively improved cycle performance.
Thereby achieving the above object of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is VS obtained in example 14-XRD spectrum of graphene aerogel composite;
FIG. 2 is VS obtained in example 14-SEM image of graphene aerogel composite;
fig. 3 is a graph showing cycle performance of lithium sulfur batteries obtained in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention and comparative example.
Detailed Description
In order to further explain the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is explained in detail by the following specific examples.
Example 1
This embodiment discloses a VS4-a method for preparing a graphene aerogel composite, comprising the steps of:
step one, NaVO4And C2H5Dissolving NS in deionized water of 20 times to obtain a uniform solution A; NaVO4Is C2H53 times of molar amount of NS;
dissolving graphene oxide in deionized water to obtain a uniform solution B, wherein the graphene oxide and NaVO4The molar ratio is 1: 1;
mixing the solution A with the solution B to obtain a uniform solution C;
step two, transferring the solution C into a polytetrafluoroethylene autoclave lining with the volume 5 times that of the solution C, sealing the polytetrafluoroethylene autoclave lining, and then putting the polytetrafluoroethylene autoclave lining into a stainless steel shell to perform hydrothermal reaction to reduce graphene oxide;
transferring the reaction kettle to a forced air drying oven to be heated for a certain time, wherein the reaction temperature is 140 ℃, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 16h to obtain the product containing three-dimensional VS4-liquid graphene aerogel, product standing for 12h, filtering, and drying precipitate to obtain powdery product VS4-graphene aerogels.
Example 2
This embodiment discloses a VS4-a method for preparing a graphene aerogel composite, comprising the steps of:
step one, rubbingThe molar ratio is 4: 1 NaVO4Powder and C2H5Dissolving NS in 25 times of deionized water, and obtaining a uniform solution A after complete dissolution; dissolving graphene oxide in deionized water to obtain a uniform solution B, wherein the graphene oxide and NaVO4The molar ratio is 2: 1; mixing the solution A with the solution B to obtain a uniform solution C. Then the solution C was transferred to a 7-fold polytetrafluoroethylene autoclave liner, sealed and placed in a stainless steel shell.
Step two, transferring the reaction kettle to a forced air drying oven to be heated for a certain time, wherein the reaction temperature is 170 ℃, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 13 hours to obtain the product containing three-dimensional VS4-liquid graphene aerogel, product standing for 14h, filtering, and drying precipitate to obtain powdery product VS4-a graphene aerogel;
example 3
This embodiment discloses a VS4-a method for preparing a graphene aerogel composite, comprising the steps of:
step one, mixing a mixture of a molar ratio of 5: 1 NaVO4Powder and C2H5Dissolving NS in 30 times of deionized water, and obtaining a uniform solution A after complete dissolution; dissolving graphene oxide in deionized water to obtain a uniform solution B, wherein the graphene oxide and NaVO4The molar ratio is 3: 1; mixing the solution A and the solution B to obtain a uniform solution C;
and step two, transferring the solution C into a 10-time polytetrafluoroethylene autoclave liner, sealing and then placing into a stainless steel shell. Transferring the reaction kettle to a forced air drying oven to be heated for a certain time, wherein the reaction temperature is 200 ℃, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 10 hours to obtain the product containing three-dimensional VS4-liquid graphene aerogel, product standing for 16h, filtering, and drying precipitate to obtain powdery product VS4-graphene aerogels.
Comparative example
This example is unmodified VS4
VS of the above comparative example4VS prepared from examples 1 to 34The performance of a half-cell assembled by graphene aerogel serving as a positive electrode material and a negative electrode matched with a lithium sheetTesting, the assembly process is as follows:
and (3) placing the anode electrode active substance in the anode shell upwards, dripping electrolyte, covering the diaphragm on the surface of the working electrode, and dripping electrolyte again. And then sequentially placing the lithium sheet and the foamed nickel on the surface of the diaphragm, and finally fastening the negative electrode shell.
The lithium sulfur batteries obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example were subjected to rate test and cycle performance test, wherein the results of the rate performance test are shown in table 1, and the cycle performance is shown in fig. 3.
Testing multiplying power, namely testing the discharge capacity of each group of batteries under different multiplying powers;
and (4) a cycle test, namely testing the capacity retention rate of each group of batteries after being charged at 0.5C and discharged at 1C and being cycled for 30 weeks.
FIG. 1 Rate Performance data for lithium sulfur batteries from examples 1 to 3 and comparative example
Group of 0.2C 0.5C 1C 2C
Comparative example 486mAh g-1 399mAh g-1 367mAh g-1 278mAh g-1
Example 1 486mAh g-1 442mAh g-1 379mAh g-1 325mAh g-1
Example 2 489mAh g-1 451mAh g-1 387mAh g-1 334mAh g-1
Example 3 487mAh g-1 448mAh g-1 384mAh g-1 329mAh g-1
From the magnification data in Table 1, unmodified VS is shown4At 2C discharge, the capacity is only 278mAh g-1By combining the data of examples 1 to 3, it can be known that the conductivity of the product is improved and the rate capability is obviously improved after the graphene aerogel is modified, wherein the VS prepared by the process parameters of example 2 is used4The capacity of the graphene aerogel 2C under discharge is 334mAh g-1And capacity remaining percentage 68%.
From the cycle curves of FIG. 3, the unmodified VS is shown4After 50 weeks of cycling, the capacity remained only 84%, and after modification with the graphene aerogel, the cycle life of the product increased significantly, with capacity remaining greater than 90% after 50 weeks of cycling.
As can be seen from the combination of FIGS. 1 and 2 and tables 1 and 3, VS was obtained according to the present invention4All strong diffraction peaks of graphene aerogel compositesMonoclinic phase VS capable of accurately corresponding to body centered cubic4. VS removal4No other phase peak was detected, indicating VS4VS in graphene aerogels4High phase purity of (2). A diffraction peak of an obvious graphite-like substance does not appear in a spectrogram in fig. 1, which indicates that the graphene aerogel maintains a good graphene laminated structure and is not stacked; with further reference to fig. 2, it can be seen from (a) and (b) that the graphene aerogel presents a porous network structure, which is favorable for Li+To be transmitted. Upon further magnification, as shown in FIGS. 2 (c) and (d), show a number of VS widths of about 20nm and lengths of about 100nm4The nano materials are uniformly distributed on the surface of the graphene aerogel, as indicated by arrows; it can be seen that VS provided by the present invention4Graphene aerogel composites incorporating nanostructures of graphene, imparting VS4Larger specific surface area, higher conductivity, compared with VS alone4The lithium-sulfur battery cathode material has the advantages that the rate capability and the cycle performance of the lithium-sulfur battery are greatly improved, and the lithium-sulfur battery cathode material is stable in structure and good in conductivity.

Claims (8)

1. VS (virtual switch)4-a method for preparing a graphene aerogel composite, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, NaVO4And C2H5Dissolving NS in deionized water to obtain a uniform solution A;
dissolving graphene oxide in deionized water to obtain a solution B;
mixing the solution A and the solution B to obtain a uniform solution C;
transferring the solution C to a reaction kettle to perform hydrothermal reaction to reduce graphene oxide;
and after the reaction is finished, standing, filtering and drying to obtain the powdery VS 4-graphene aerogel composite material.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the VS 4-graphene aerogel composite is prepared by: NaVO4Is C2H5NS molar weight3 to 5 times of.
3. A VS as claimed in claim 14-a method for preparing a graphene aerogel composite, characterized in that: the molar weight of the graphene oxide is NaVO41 to 3 times the molar amount.
4. A VS as claimed in claim 14-a method for preparing a graphene aerogel composite, characterized in that: the process conditions of the hydrothermal reaction in the second step are as follows:
the reaction temperature is 140 ℃ to 200 ℃; the reaction time is 10-16 h.
5. A VS as defined in claim 44-a method for preparing a graphene aerogel composite, characterized in that: the process conditions of the hydrothermal reaction in the second step are as follows:
the reaction temperature is 160 ℃; the reaction time is 12 h.
6. A VS as claimed in claim 14-a method for preparing a graphene aerogel composite, characterized in that: NaVO4And C2H5NS is powder.
7. A VS as claimed in claim 14-a method for preparing a graphene aerogel composite, characterized in that: and the standing time of the second step is 12 to 16 hours.
8. A lithium sulfur battery comprising a positive electrode and a lithium sheet negative electrode, characterized in that: the active material used for the positive electrode is VS prepared according to any one of claims 1 to 74-a graphene aerogel composite.
CN202110844727.8A 2021-07-26 2021-07-26 VS (virtual switch)4-graphene aerogel composite material, preparation method and application Pending CN113611830A (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109776851A (en) * 2019-01-04 2019-05-21 浙江工业大学 A kind of bacteria cellulose/metal sulfide plural gel and preparation method thereof and conductive processing method
CN110299527A (en) * 2019-07-02 2019-10-01 张蓓 A kind of lithium ion battery negative material and preparation method thereof
CN113130863A (en) * 2021-03-22 2021-07-16 郑州大学 VS (virtual switch)4/rGO composite material, preparation method thereof and application in zinc ion battery

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109776851A (en) * 2019-01-04 2019-05-21 浙江工业大学 A kind of bacteria cellulose/metal sulfide plural gel and preparation method thereof and conductive processing method
CN110299527A (en) * 2019-07-02 2019-10-01 张蓓 A kind of lithium ion battery negative material and preparation method thereof
CN113130863A (en) * 2021-03-22 2021-07-16 郑州大学 VS (virtual switch)4/rGO composite material, preparation method thereof and application in zinc ion battery

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
吴丽军: "钒氧(硫)化物锂离子电池正极材料制备及其电化学性能研究", 《中国博士学位论文全文数据库(电子期刊)》 *

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