CN113604730A - High-temperature-resistant and high-toughness hot-work die steel and production process thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature-resistant and high-toughness hot-work die steel and production process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229910017082 Fe-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017133 Fe—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010039897 Sedation Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910006639 Si—Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0056—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 using cored wires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/32—Soft annealing, e.g. spheroidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of die steel, in particular to high-temperature-resistant and high-toughness hot-work die steel and a production process thereof, wherein the hot-work die steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.31 to 0.42 percent of C; si: 0.17-0.28%; mn: 0.40-0.60%; cr: 4.90-5.15%; 2.40 to 2.65 percent of Mo; v: 0.55-0.60%; ni: 0.20-0.35%; p is less than or equal to 0.01 percent; s is less than or equal to 0.003 percent; cu is less than or equal to 0.10 percent; [H] less than or equal to 1.5 ppm; [ O ] is less than or equal to 18 ppm; the content of [ N ] is less than or equal to 75 ppm; the balance of Fe, the proportion of raw materials of the hot-work die steel is optimized, the contents of elements such as C, Mn, Cr, Si, V, Mo and Ni are limited in a precise regulation range in the steps of smelting in an electric furnace, refining, vacuum degassing and secondary vacuum degassing, and the content of N, H, O gas elements in molten steel is further reduced by vacuum degassing and secondary vacuum degassing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of die steel, in particular to high-temperature-resistant and high-toughness hot work die steel and a production process thereof.
Background
The hot work die steel mainly refers to alloy tool steel for dies for carrying out hot deformation processing on metals, such as a hot forging die, a hot extrusion die, a die-casting die, a hot heading die and the like. Since the hot working mold works under high temperature and high pressure for a long time, the mold material is required to have high strength, hardness and thermal stability, and particularly, the hot working mold material should have high heat strength, thermal fatigue, toughness and other properties. The die machining and forming has the advantages of high production efficiency, good quality, material saving, low cost and the like, and has wide application range, and the hot work die steel is alloy steel used for dies suitable for carrying out thermal deformation processing on metals such as magnesium, aluminum and the like, such as a hot forging die, a hot extrusion die, a die-casting die and the like. At present, hot-working dies are developing towards large size, precision and long service life, and higher requirements are put forward on the performance of hot-working die steel.
The H13 steel works at the temperature below 600 ℃, has good thermal stability and thermal fatigue resistance, and better combination of strength and toughness, but the strength and the thermal stability of the material are sharply reduced at the temperature above 600 ℃, and the original excellent performance is lost. And the H21 steel with high heat resistance has poor thermal fatigue resistance under high temperature, and the die often fails due to cracks, thereby greatly reducing the service life of the die and increasing the production cost. Therefore, in order to improve the high temperature resistance and the toughness of the die steel and enable the prepared product to have better structure property and mechanical property and better adapt to the requirements of modern production on high-end dies, the invention provides the high temperature resistant and high toughness hot work die steel and the production process thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a high-temperature-resistant and high-toughness hot work die steel and a production process thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the hot work die steel with high temperature resistance and high toughness comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.31 to 0.42 percent of C; si: 0.17-0.28%; mn: 0.40-0.60%; cr: 4.90-5.15%; 2.40 to 2.65 percent of Mo; v: 0.55-0.60%; ni: 0.20-0.35%; p is less than or equal to 0.01 percent; s is less than or equal to 0.003 percent; cu is less than or equal to 0.10 percent; [H] less than or equal to 1.5 ppm; [ O ] is less than or equal to 18 ppm; the content of [ N ] is less than or equal to 75 ppm; the balance of Fe.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:
s1 electric furnace smelting, refining, vacuum degassing and secondary vacuum degassing: 0.31-0.42% of C; si: 0.17-0.28%; mn: 0.40-0.60%; cr: 4.90-5.15%; 2.40 to 2.65 percent of Mo; v: 0.55-0.60%; ni: 0.20-0.35%; p is less than or equal to 0.01 percent; s is less than or equal to 0.003 percent; cu is less than or equal to 0.10 percent; [H] less than or equal to 1.5 ppm; [ O ] is less than or equal to 18 ppm; the content of [ N ] is less than or equal to 75 ppm; the steel material with the balance of Fe is put into an electric furnace to be smelted into molten steel, the prepared molten steel is put into a refining furnace to be refined, and finally, the molten steel is subjected to vacuum degassing and secondary vacuum degassing treatment in a VD ladle refining furnace;
s2 casting of a Φ 520mm (average diameter) consumable electrode: pouring the molten steel subjected to secondary vacuum degassing treatment in the step S1 into a mold, cooling and molding to obtain a consumable electrode blank with the average diameter of 520mm, and adopting argon protection pouring and using a closed argon protective cover in the pouring process;
s3 annealing: recrystallizing and annealing the consumable electrode blank;
s4 sawing a riser: cutting off a riser and a pouring channel of the consumable electrode blank in the step S3 to obtain a consumable electrode;
and S5 electrode welding: polishing the consumable electrode in the step of S4 until the consumable electrode is seen to be metallic, and then welding the dummy electrode and the consumable electrode;
s6 electroslag remelting of a phi 710mm (mean diameter) ingot: carrying out electroslag remelting on the consumable electrode to obtain a steel ingot;
s7 high-temperature forging homogenization: carrying out high-temperature forging processing on the steel ingot in the step S6 to form a homogenized forging;
s8 spheroidizing annealing after forging: spheroidizing annealing treatment is carried out on the forged piece in the step S7;
and S9 judgment: cutting and sampling the forging in the step S8 for inspection;
s10 ultra-fining treatment: performing superfine treatment on the forged piece in the step S8;
s11 finishing, flaw detection and inspection: carrying out shot blasting after carrying out surface finishing on the forge piece, detecting the internal defect of the forge piece through UT, and finally carrying out physical and chemical inspection and size inspection on the forge piece;
and S12 storage: and warehousing and registering after the inspection is qualified.
Preferably, in the electric furnace smelting step of S1:
s101, controlling the oxygen pressure to be 0.42-0.55 MPa in the melting period of the steel material, keeping the temperature to be more than or equal to 1561 ℃, and matching [ Mo ] to the lower limit;
controlling the oxygen pressure at 0.61-0.79 Mpa in the S102 oxidation period, and blowing oxygen to oxidize, decarbonize and dephosphorize;
at the end of the S103 oxidation period, 90kg of Si-Mn alloy or C-Mn alloy is added, and the net boiling time of molten steel is more than or equal to 5.5 min;
s104, when the conditions that the temperature is more than 1650 ℃ and the phosphorus content is less than or equal to 0.001 percent are met, slag drawing is carried out;
s105, adding 295kg of CaO and 75kg of CaF in thin slag charge2Pushing slag and melting uniformly;
s106, opening an electric furnace body and adding FeCr;
s107, blowing chromium oxide, wherein the oxygen pressure is required to be more than or equal to 0.85 MPa;
s108, pre-reduction: 3.5-5.5kg/t steel of Fe-Si powder is floated in until the slag turns color and becomes thin;
0.48kg/t Al is inserted into S109, and 520kg CaO and 105kg CaF are added into the diluted slag2Adding the residue uniformly3.5-5.5kg/t of C-Si powder and C-Al powder are respectively reduced to produce white slag;
s110, adjusting the contents of [ C ], [ Mn ], [ Cr ], [ Mo ], [ Ni ];
and S111, when the temperature is higher than or equal to 1620 ℃, turning white slag, adding the alloy for more than or equal to 8.5 minutes, and tapping after 1.1kg/t of Al is added into a steel ladle.
Preferably, in the refining step of S1:
s112, heating the refining furnace, and adding 495kg of slag materials CaO and CaF2Reducing and adjusting a slag system by 75kg and C-Si powder, wherein the total slag amount is controlled according to 5% of the steel tapping amount;
s113, when the temperature is more than or equal to 1570 ℃ and the slag is white, adding the V adjusting component, and sampling and analyzing;
and S114, when the temperature is more than or equal to 1650 ℃ and the white slag time is more than or equal to 30min, adding 2.2-3.1 kg/t of fire bricks to adjust the fluidity of the slag, and feeding AL lines.
Preferably, in the vacuum degassing and secondary vacuum degassing step of S1: the vacuum degree in the VD ladle refining furnace reaches 66Pa, the vacuum-maintaining time is more than or equal to 18min, the [ H ] is less than or equal to 1.5ppm, the [ N ] is less than or equal to 60ppm, the secondary vacuum degassing treatment is carried out for 12 minutes, and the sedation soft argon blowing time is 15-30 minutes after the secondary vacuum degassing.
Preferably, the diameter of the dummy electrode is 299mm, the effective height of a welding line between the dummy electrode and the consumable electrode is more than or equal to 32mm, the welding line is welded by adopting an ER50-6 welding wire, the upper end and the lower end of the welding line are respectively provided with an upper arc striking plate and a lower arc striking plate, the lower arc striking plate adopts a Q235 plate with the excircle diameter of 820mm and the thickness of 10mm, the upper arc striking plate adopts a steel plate which is the same as the consumable electrode and has the size of more than or equal to 300 x 300mm and the thickness of more than or equal to 15mm, and the arc striking time is 85 min; adding slag for 25min at 11Hz, and adding slag for 50min at 16Hz till the end of adding slag; feeding when the weight of the consumable electrode reaches 390kg, finishing smelting when the weight of the consumable electrode is remained 35kg, wherein the melting rate is 7.5kg/min, and the feeding time is 65-85 min; and (3) cooling: mold cooling for 100 min, covering and slow cooling for less than or equal to 3.5 days; cooling, removing the cover and cutting off the arc striking plate.
Preferably, the liquidus temperature in the S2 is 1490 ℃, the mold temperature of the mold is controlled to be 40-60 ℃, and the casting superheat degree is controlled to be 45-55 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: in the invention, the proportion of raw materials of the hot-work die steel is optimized, so that the purity of the steel is improved, the prepared die steel has excellent hardness, high-temperature formation resistance and high toughness, the contents of elements such as C, Mn, Cr, Si, V, Mo, Ni and the like are limited in a precise regulation range in the steps of electric furnace smelting, refining, vacuum degassing and secondary vacuum degassing, the N, H, O gas element content in molten steel is further reduced by the vacuum degassing and the secondary vacuum degassing, fine precipitated phases of Mo and Cr carbides play a role in dispersion strengthening in the using process, the performance of the material is improved, the material has high toughness, V can refine structure grains, the strength and the toughness are improved, meanwhile, the Mo element is utilized to generate solid solution strengthening effect on ferrite of the die steel, the stability of the carbides is also improved, the strength of the steel is improved, and the ductility and the toughness of the steel are improved, the hardenability of the die steel is improved by adding the Ni element, a martensite structure is obtained after solid solution cooling, iron element body crystal grains are refined, and the toughness of the steel is improved under the condition of the same strength.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of the production process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following are specific examples of the present invention and illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention for further description, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Examples 1-3, wherein the hot work die steel consists of the following components in weight percent: 0.31 to 0.42 percent of C; si: 0.17-0.28%; mn: 0.40-0.60%; cr: 4.90-5.15%; 2.40 to 2.65 percent of Mo; v: 0.55-0.60%; ni: 0.20-0.35%; p is less than or equal to 0.01 percent; s is less than or equal to 0.003 percent; cu is less than or equal to 0.10 percent; [H] less than or equal to 1.5 ppm; [ O ] is less than or equal to 18 ppm; the content of [ N ] is less than or equal to 75 ppm; the balance of Fe.
The material composition in examples 1-3 is shown in table 1:
table 1: material composition
The production process of example 1, comprising the steps of:
s1 electric furnace smelting, refining, vacuum degassing and secondary vacuum degassing: taking steel materials of the material components of the example 1 in the table 1, putting the steel materials into an electric furnace to smelt into molten steel, putting the prepared molten steel into a refining furnace to refine, and finally carrying out vacuum degassing and secondary vacuum degassing treatment on the molten steel in a VD ladle refining furnace;
in the electric furnace smelting step of S1: s101, controlling the oxygen pressure to be 0.42-0.55 MPa in the melting period of the steel material, keeping the temperature to be more than or equal to 1561 ℃, and matching [ Mo ] to the lower limit;
controlling the oxygen pressure at 0.61-0.79 Mpa in the S102 oxidation period, and blowing oxygen to oxidize, decarbonize and dephosphorize;
at the end of the S103 oxidation period, 90kg of Si-Mn alloy or C-Mn alloy is added, and the net boiling time of molten steel is more than or equal to 5.5 min;
s104, when the conditions that the temperature is more than 1650 ℃ and the phosphorus content is less than or equal to 0.001 percent are met, slag drawing is carried out;
s105, adding 295kg of CaO and 75kg of CaF in thin slag charge2Pushing slag and melting uniformly;
s106, opening an electric furnace body and adding FeCr;
s107, blowing chromium oxide, wherein the oxygen pressure is required to be more than or equal to 0.85 MPa;
s108, pre-reduction: 3.5-5.5kg/t steel of Fe-Si powder is floated in until the slag turns color and becomes thin;
0.48kg/t Al is inserted into S109, and 520kg CaO and 105kg CaF are added into the diluted slag2C-Si powder and C-Al powder are added into the slag to be reduced to produce white slag respectively at 3.5-5.5 kg/t;
s110, adjusting the contents of [ C ], [ Mn ], [ Cr ], [ Mo ], [ Ni ];
s111, when the temperature is higher than or equal to 1620 ℃, turning white slag, adding alloy for more than or equal to 8.5 minutes, and tapping after 1.1kg/t of Al is added into a steel ladle;
in the refining step of S1: s112, heating the refining furnace, and adding 495kg of slag materials CaO and CaF275kg of andC-Si powder is reduced to adjust a slag system, and the total slag amount is controlled according to 5 percent of the steel tapping amount;
s113, when the temperature is more than or equal to 1570 ℃ and the slag is white, adding the V adjusting component, and sampling and analyzing;
s114, when the temperature is more than or equal to 1650 ℃ and the white slag time is more than or equal to 30min, adding 2.2-3.1 kg/t of fire bricks to adjust the fluidity of the slag, and feeding AL lines;
in the vacuum degassing and secondary vacuum degassing step of S1: the vacuum degree in the VD ladle refining furnace reaches 66Pa, the vacuum-maintaining time is more than or equal to 18min, the [ H ] is less than or equal to 1.5ppm, the [ N ] is less than or equal to 60ppm, the secondary vacuum degassing treatment is carried out for 12 minutes, and the sedation soft argon blowing time is 15-30 minutes after the secondary vacuum degassing;
s2 casting of a Φ 520mm (average diameter) consumable electrode: pouring the molten steel subjected to secondary vacuum degassing treatment in the step S1 into a mold, cooling and molding to obtain a consumable electrode blank with the average diameter of 520mm, and adopting argon protection pouring and using a closed argon protective cover in the pouring process; the liquidus temperature is 1490 ℃, the mold temperature of the mold is controlled to be 40-60 ℃, and the casting superheat degree is controlled to be 45-55 ℃;
s3 annealing: recrystallizing and annealing the consumable electrode blank;
s4 sawing a riser: cutting off a riser and a pouring channel of the consumable electrode blank in the step S3 to obtain a consumable electrode;
and S5 electrode welding: polishing the consumable electrode in the step of S4 until the consumable electrode is seen to be metallic, and then welding the dummy electrode and the consumable electrode; the diameter of the dummy electrode is 299mm, the effective height of a welding line between the dummy electrode and the consumable electrode is more than or equal to 32mm, the welding line is welded by adopting an ER50-6 welding wire, the upper end and the lower end of the welding line are respectively provided with an upper arc striking plate and a lower arc striking plate, the lower arc striking plate adopts a Q235 plate with the excircle diameter of 820mm and the thickness of 10mm, the upper arc striking plate adopts a steel plate which is the same as the consumable electrode in size of 350 x 350mm x 25mm, and the arc striking time is 85 min; adding slag for 25min at 11Hz, and adding slag for 50min at 16Hz till the end of adding slag; feeding when the weight of the consumable electrode reaches 390kg, finishing smelting when the weight of the consumable electrode is remained 35kg, wherein the melting rate is 7.5kg/min, and the feeding time is 65-85 min; and (3) cooling: mold cooling for 100 min, covering and slow cooling for less than or equal to 3.5 days; cooling, then removing the cover and cutting off the arc striking plate;
s6 electroslag remelting of a phi 710mm (mean diameter) ingot: carrying out electroslag remelting on the consumable electrode to obtain a steel ingot;
s7 high-temperature forging homogenization: carrying out high-temperature forging processing on the steel ingot in the step S6 to form a homogenized forging;
s8 spheroidizing annealing after forging: spheroidizing annealing treatment is carried out on the forged piece in the step S7;
and S9 judgment: cutting and sampling the forging in the step S8 for inspection;
s10 ultra-fining treatment: performing superfine treatment on the forged piece in the step S8;
s11 finishing, flaw detection and inspection: carrying out shot blasting after carrying out surface finishing on the forge piece, detecting the internal defect of the forge piece through UT, and finally carrying out physical and chemical inspection and size inspection on the forge piece;
and S12 storage: and warehousing and registering after the inspection is qualified.
The production processes of example 2 and example 2 are similar to those of the examples.
Performance testing
The hot die steel samples of example 1, example 2 and example 3 were tested for hardness, yield strength (normal temperature and 600 ℃), impact toughness and thermal fatigue properties, and compared with H13 die steel, the comparison results were as follows:
table 2: examples 1-3 part of the results of the Performance test
Table 3: examples 1-3 results of testing thermal fatigue Properties (Main crack Length mm)
The hardness, yield strength, 600 ℃ yield strength, impact toughness (V mouth) and thermal fatigue performance of the hot work die steel with high temperature resistance and high toughness produced by the invention are superior to those of the traditional H13 steel, the hot work die steel has excellent high temperature resistance and tempering resistance, the die manufacturing level and market competitiveness in China are improved, and the use requirements of customers are met.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The hot work die steel with high temperature resistance and high toughness is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 0.31 to 0.42 percent of C; si: 0.17-0.28%; mn: 0.40-0.60%; cr: 4.90-5.15%; 2.40 to 2.65 percent of Mo; v: 0.55-0.60%; ni: 0.20-0.35%; p is less than or equal to 0.01 percent; s is less than or equal to 0.003 percent; cu is less than or equal to 0.10 percent; [H] less than or equal to 1.5 ppm; [ O ] is less than or equal to 18 ppm; the content of [ N ] is less than or equal to 75 ppm; the balance of Fe.
2. A process for producing a high temperature and high toughness hot work die steel according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1 electric furnace smelting, refining, vacuum degassing and secondary vacuum degassing: 0.31-0.42% of C; si: 0.17-0.28%; mn: 0.40-0.60%; cr: 4.90-5.15%; 2.40 to 2.65 percent of Mo; v: 0.55-0.60%; ni: 0.20-0.35%; p is less than or equal to 0.01 percent; s is less than or equal to 0.003 percent; cu is less than or equal to 0.10 percent; [H] less than or equal to 1.5 ppm; [ O ] is less than or equal to 18 ppm; the content of [ N ] is less than or equal to 75 ppm; the steel material with the balance of Fe is put into an electric furnace to be smelted into molten steel, the prepared molten steel is put into a refining furnace to be refined, and finally, the molten steel is subjected to vacuum degassing and secondary vacuum degassing treatment in a VD ladle refining furnace;
s2 casting of a Φ 520mm (average diameter) consumable electrode: pouring the molten steel subjected to secondary vacuum degassing treatment in the step S1 into a mold, cooling and molding to obtain a consumable electrode blank with the average diameter of 520mm, and adopting argon protection pouring and using a closed argon protective cover in the pouring process;
s3 annealing: recrystallizing and annealing the consumable electrode blank;
s4 sawing a riser: cutting off a riser and a pouring channel of the consumable electrode blank in the step S3 to obtain a consumable electrode;
and S5 electrode welding: polishing the consumable electrode in the step of S4 until the consumable electrode is seen to be metallic, and then welding the dummy electrode and the consumable electrode;
s6 electroslag remelting of a phi 710mm (mean diameter) ingot: carrying out electroslag remelting on the consumable electrode to obtain a steel ingot;
s7 high-temperature forging homogenization: carrying out high-temperature forging processing on the steel ingot in the step S6 to form a homogenized forging;
s8 spheroidizing annealing after forging: spheroidizing annealing treatment is carried out on the forged piece in the step S7;
and S9 judgment: cutting and sampling the forging in the step S8 for inspection;
s10 ultra-fining treatment: performing superfine treatment on the forged piece in the step S8;
s11 finishing, flaw detection and inspection: carrying out shot blasting after carrying out surface finishing on the forge piece, detecting the internal defect of the forge piece through UT, and finally carrying out physical and chemical inspection and size inspection on the forge piece;
and S12 storage: and warehousing and registering after the inspection is qualified.
3. The process for producing the high temperature resistant and high toughness hot work die steel according to claim 2, wherein in the electric furnace smelting step of S1:
s101, controlling the oxygen pressure to be 0.42-0.55 MPa in the melting period of the steel material, keeping the temperature to be more than or equal to 1561 ℃, and matching [ Mo ] to the lower limit;
controlling the oxygen pressure at 0.61-0.79 Mpa in the S102 oxidation period, and blowing oxygen to oxidize, decarbonize and dephosphorize;
at the end of the S103 oxidation period, 90kg of Si-Mn alloy or C-Mn alloy is added, and the net boiling time of molten steel is more than or equal to 5.5 min;
s104, when the conditions that the temperature is more than 1650 ℃ and the phosphorus content is less than or equal to 0.001 percent are met, slag drawing is carried out;
s105, adding 295kg of CaO and 75kg of CaF in thin slag charge2Pushing slag and melting uniformly;
s106, opening an electric furnace body and adding FeCr;
s107, blowing chromium oxide, wherein the oxygen pressure is required to be more than or equal to 0.85 MPa;
s108, pre-reduction: 3.5-5.5kg/t steel of Fe-Si powder is floated in until the slag turns color and becomes thin;
0.48kg/t Al is inserted into S109, and 520kg CaO and 105kg CaF are added into the diluted slag2C-Si powder and C-Al powder are added into the slag to be reduced to produce white slag respectively at 3.5-5.5 kg/t;
s110, adjusting the contents of [ C ], [ Mn ], [ Cr ], [ Mo ], [ Ni ];
and S111, when the temperature is higher than or equal to 1620 ℃, turning white slag, adding the alloy for more than or equal to 8.5 minutes, and tapping after 1.1kg/t of Al is added into a steel ladle.
4. The process for producing a high temperature resistant and high toughness hot work die steel as claimed in claim 2, wherein the refining step of S1 is:
s112, heating the refining furnace, and adding 495kg of slag materials CaO and CaF2Reducing and adjusting a slag system by 75kg and C-Si powder, wherein the total slag amount is controlled according to 5% of the steel tapping amount;
s113, when the temperature is more than or equal to 1570 ℃ and the slag is white, adding the V adjusting component, and sampling and analyzing;
and S114, when the temperature is more than or equal to 1650 ℃ and the white slag time is more than or equal to 30min, adding 2.2-3.1 kg/t of fire bricks to adjust the fluidity of the slag, and feeding AL lines.
5. The process for producing a high temperature resistant and high toughness hot work die steel as claimed in claim 2, wherein the vacuum degassing and secondary vacuum degassing step of S1 is: the vacuum degree in the VD ladle refining furnace reaches 66Pa, the vacuum-maintaining time is more than or equal to 18min, the [ H ] is less than or equal to 1.5ppm, the [ N ] is less than or equal to 60ppm, the secondary vacuum degassing treatment is carried out for 12 minutes, and the sedation soft argon blowing time is 15-30 minutes after the secondary vacuum degassing.
6. The production process of the high-temperature-resistant and high-toughness hot-work die steel as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the diameter of the false electrode is 299mm, the effective height of a welding line between the false electrode and the consumable electrode is more than or equal to 32mm, the welding line is welded by adopting an ER50-6 welding wire, the upper end and the lower end of the welding line are respectively provided with an upper arc striking plate and a lower arc striking plate, the lower arc striking plate adopts a Q235 plate with the excircle diameter of 820mm and the thickness of 10mm, the upper arc striking plate adopts a steel plate which is the same as the consumable electrode and has the size of more than or equal to 300 x 300mm and the thickness of more than or equal to 15mm, and the arc striking time is 85 min; adding slag for 25min at 11Hz, and adding slag for 50min at 16Hz till the end of adding slag; feeding when the weight of the consumable electrode reaches 390kg, finishing smelting when the weight of the consumable electrode is remained 35kg, wherein the melting rate is 7.5kg/min, and the feeding time is 65-85 min; and (3) cooling: mold cooling for 100 min, covering and slow cooling for less than or equal to 3.5 days; cooling, removing the cover and cutting off the arc striking plate.
7. The production process of the high-temperature-resistant and high-toughness hot-work die steel as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the liquidus temperature in the S2 is 1490 ℃, the mold temperature of the mold is controlled to be 40-60 ℃, and the casting superheat degree is controlled to be 45-55 ℃.
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