CN113604010A - 一种生物基材料phbv和聚酯改性抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒 - Google Patents
一种生物基材料phbv和聚酯改性抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种生物基材料PHBV和聚酯改性抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒,包括按一定比例混合熔融的改性生物基颗粒和聚酯粒料,其中新型生物基由PHBV粒料经原位化学增熔扩链得到,具有更好的热稳定性,具体为将经真空干燥的PHBV粉料与适量的ADR扩链剂混合,再经双螺杆给料机充分共混并反应,挤出棒状固体样品,经切片得到相应颗粒。本发明针对PHB加工过程中的热降解问题,具体采用ADR 4468扩链剂参与进行扩链改性,其反应位阻作用可有效阻止六元环结构的形成,并加以双螺杆共混熔融挤出方法,改善PHBV加工过程中的热降解问题,提高PHBV的热稳定性,使得PHBV更加稳定、广泛地应用于生物基抗菌抗病毒纤维材料制备中,且能够起到更为持久长效的抗菌消臭抗病毒功能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及抗菌抑菌材料技术领域,具体为一种生物基材料PHBV和聚酯改性抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒。
背景技术
PHBV即新型生物高分子3-羟基丁酸酯和3-羟基戊酸酯的共聚物,是由细菌发酵合成的热塑性脂肪族聚酯,主要以淀粉为原料,运用发酵工程技术制备的生物材料,具有优异的生物降解性和生物相容性、光学活性等优良特性、但是羟基丁酸戊酸共聚酯(PHBV)的热稳定性差、加工过程降解严重,在高于熔点温度下即开始降解,随时间推移,分子质量不断减小,导致其物理加工性能下降,难以应用于面料生产中,影响了其市场化推广应用进度。
发明内容
(一)解决的技术问题
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种生物基材料PHBV和聚酯改性抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒,解决了上述背景技术中提出的问题。
(二)技术方案
为实现以上目的,本发明通过以下技术方案予以实现:一种生物基材料PHBV和聚酯改性抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒,改性抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒原料配方按重量比为1%~10%的改性PHBV粒料和90%~99%改性聚酯粒料混合熔融,PHBV粒料和聚酯粒料经改性后具有更好的加工热稳定性。
优选的,改性PHBV粒料由新型生物基由PHBV粉料经原位化学增熔扩链得到,所述改性PHBV粒料制备过程为:将质量比为1:0.2%-1:0.5%经真空干燥的PHBV粒料与固体形式的ADR扩链剂,在高剪切混合机中混合20-40s,并采用冷混合需辅以0.2%的丙烯酸增塑剂,通过温度为220-280℃双螺杆机挤出成型。
其中在真空排气口之前的螺杆组合是让ADR扩链剂和PHBV粒料进行的分散混合,不希望进行反应,同时不要让剪切热造成局部过热;而在自然排气口到机头口模之间则要让ADR扩链剂和PHBV粒料进行充分的反应而达到扩链效果。
为了使ADR扩链剂的扩链效果均匀,建议在模头添加虑网增加回流。
优选的,抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒制备过程如下:利用经增熔扩链得到的PHBV粒料,与干燥过后的聚酯切片混合熔融,通过控制螺杆挤压机将混合熔融的溶体经过喷孔挤出,经水浴冷却后,通过切粒机切成一定规格的改性抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒;切粒机切成后通过真空转鼓干燥机对抗菌涤纶母粒进行干燥。
优选的,所述改性聚酯粒料包括40-70份的PET、15-45份的增强剂、0.3-2份的润滑剂、0.3-1份的抗氧剂、0.2-0.5份ADR 4468扩链剂,将各原料经混合均匀、熔融挤出、造粒即得改性聚酯粒料。
增强剂为用硅烷偶联剂进行表面处理的玻璃纤维,润滑剂为硬脂酸酰胺、PE蜡、油酰胺中的任意一种,抗氧剂为P262、BHT、1010、168中的任意一种。
改性抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒制备过程为:利用经增熔扩链得到的改性PHBV粒料,与干燥过后的改性聚酯粒料混合熔融,通过控制螺杆挤出机将混合熔融的溶体经过喷孔挤出,经水浴冷却后,通过切粒机切成一定规格的改性抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒;切粒机切成后通过真空转鼓干燥机对该母粒进行干燥。
挤出机的螺杆转速:100-400r/min,主喂料转速:20-40r/min,粉末侧喂料转速:3-15r/min,侧喂料转速:5-40r/min。挤出机的温度在220-255℃。
其中PHBV可由A,eutrophus等菌种在氮气环境下(pH值7.O)生成,为等规结构,而化学合成的则另外还有间规立构体。PHBV熔融温度随HV含量增加而下降,在28%(r肿1)时达到最小值84℃,而后又随HV含量增加而增加。因此在制备PHBV过程中,采用将PHBV扩链的方式,增加HV的含量,进而实现提高其热稳定性。
聚酯(PET)属于高分子化合物。是由对苯二甲酸(PTA)和乙二醇(EG)经过缩聚产生聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)。
原理说明,由于PHBV为热敏材料,在高于熔点温度下即开始降解,随时间推移,分子质量不断减小,熔体扭矩不断下降,而PHBV分子链的酯基部分在高温下易形成六元环结构,进而断链得到含双键和羧基末端基的大单体。因此,本方案的使用ADR 4468扩链剂参与进行扩链反应,反应的位阻作用可有效阻止六元环结构的形成,进而提高PHBV的热稳定性。
(三)有益效果
采用上述技术方案后,本发明与现有技术相比,具备以下优点:本发明一种生物基材料PHBV和聚酯改性抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒,针对PHB加工过程中的热降解,采用反应性加工技术对其进行原位化学扩链,以期提高产物的分子量,进而改善PHBV加工过程中的热降解问题,增加其热稳定性,改善其加工性能,使得PHBV更加稳定的广泛应用于生物基抗菌抗病毒纤维材料制备中,且能够起到更为持久长效的抗菌消臭抗病毒功能。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明作进一步详细阐述。
一种生物基材料PHBV和聚酯改性抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒,改性抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒原料配方按重量比为1%~10%的改性PHBV粒料和90%~99%改性聚酯粒料混合熔融,PHBV粒料和聚酯粒料经改性后具有更好的加工热稳定性。
PHBV粒料经改性得到新型生物基颗粒,具体为PHBV粒料经原位化学增熔扩链得到,具有更好的热稳定性,具体为将经真空干燥24h的PHBV粉末与适量的ADR 4468扩链剂混合,再经双螺杆给料机充分共混并反应,挤出棒状固体样品,经切片得到相应颗粒。
两者熔融混合时间约在20-40s时,熔体扭矩达到最高点,具有较好的热稳定性。之后随时间推移,分子质量不断减小,熔体扭矩不断下降。
ADR扩链剂的添加量为参与反应的PHBV粒料质量的0.2%-1.5%。
采用螺杆长径比L/D=37,L/D=48:1,以保证在较低的温度、较高的产量(较高的螺杆转速)下获得最佳的扩链效果。
经过增熔扩链而改性的PHBV料粒,能够在加工过程中的改善容易热降解问题,进而增加其热稳定性,进而起到更为持久长效的抗菌抗病毒功能。
每个ADR 4468分子上的九个活性环氧基和聚合物发生化学反应,在合成、加工和回收过程中重新链接断链的分子链,恢复或者提高聚合物的分子量和粘度,增大机头压力和改善挤出稳定性,以提高聚合物的熔融强度和分子量,改善聚合物在加工过程的降解,改善加工性能。
ADR扩链剂采用巴斯夫ADR 4468。需注意的是,将固体巴斯夫ADR 4468投入挤出机或注塑机的第一区,建议在比正常温度低20℃至40℃的温度下操作,以防止添加剂过早熔化和结块。巴斯夫ADR 4468反应迅速,在200℃环境中,它至少可以停留120秒,而且其反应将完成99%以上。或者,在280℃下停留30秒,将达到99%的完成率。
利用经增熔扩链得到的改性PHBV粒料,与干燥过后的改性聚酯粒料混合熔融,通过控制螺杆挤出机将混合熔融的溶体经过喷孔挤出,经水浴冷却后,通过切粒机切成一定规格的改性抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒;切粒机切成后通过真空转鼓干燥机对该母粒进行干燥。有关挤出机的使用参数,螺杆转速200r/min,主喂料转速:30r/min,粉末侧喂料转速:7r/min,侧喂料转速:30r/min。挤出机的温度在230℃。
本方案通过增熔扩链后的PHBV改性粒料,加工过程中不易降解,具有更为稳定的热加工性能,制成的抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒,可广泛地应用于生物基抗菌抗病毒纤维材料制备中,且能够起到更为持久长效的抗菌消臭抗病毒功能、
以上所述依据实施例为启示,通过上述的说明内容,相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明思想的范围内,进行多样的变更以及修改。本项使用新型的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容,必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其保护的范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种生物基材料PHBV和聚酯改性抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒,其特征在于:改性抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒原料配方按重量比为1%~10%的改性PHBV粒料和90%~99%改性聚酯粒料混合熔融,PHBV粒料和聚酯粒料经改性后具有更好的加工热稳定性。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种生物基材料PHBV和聚酯改性抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒,其特征在于:改性PHBV粒料由新型生物基由PHBV粉料经原位化学增熔扩链得到,所述改性PHBV粒料制备过程为:将质量比为1:0.2%-1:0.5%经真空干燥的PHBV粒料与固体形式的ADR扩链剂,在高剪切混合机中混合20-40s,并采用冷混合需辅以0.2%的丙烯酸增塑剂,通过温度为220-280℃双螺杆机挤出成型。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种生物基材料PHBV和聚酯改性抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒,其特征在于:改性聚酯粒料包括40-70份的PET、15-45份的增强剂、0.3-2份的润滑剂、0.3-1份的抗氧剂、0.2-0.5份ADR 4468扩链剂,将各原料经混合均匀、熔融挤出、造粒即得改性聚酯粒料。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种生物基材料PHBV和聚酯改性抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒,其特征在于:所述增强剂为用硅烷偶联剂进行表面处理的玻璃纤维,润滑剂为硬脂酸酰胺、PE蜡、油酰胺中的任意一种,抗氧剂为P262、BHT、1010、168中的任意一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种生物基材料PHBV和聚酯改性抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒,其特征在于:改性抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒制备过程为:利用经增熔扩链得到的改性PHBV粒料,与干燥过后的改性聚酯粒料混合熔融,通过控制螺杆挤出机将混合熔融的溶体经过喷孔挤出,经水浴冷却后,通过切粒机切成一定规格的改性抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒;切粒机切成后通过真空转鼓干燥机对该母粒进行干燥。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种生物基材料PHBV和聚酯改性抗菌消臭抗病毒母粒,其特征在于:挤出机的螺杆转速:100-400r/min,主喂料转速:20-40r/min,粉末侧喂料转速:3-15r/min,侧喂料转速:5-40r/min。挤出机的温度在220-255℃。
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