CN113596691B - Hollow electrostatic loudspeaker with passive radiation structure - Google Patents
Hollow electrostatic loudspeaker with passive radiation structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN113596691B CN113596691B CN202110796388.0A CN202110796388A CN113596691B CN 113596691 B CN113596691 B CN 113596691B CN 202110796388 A CN202110796388 A CN 202110796388A CN 113596691 B CN113596691 B CN 113596691B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R19/00—Electrostatic transducers
- H04R19/02—Loudspeakers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/16—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones
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- Electrostatic, Electromagnetic, Magneto- Strictive, And Variable-Resistance Transducers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a hollow electrostatic loudspeaker with a passive radiation structure, which comprises a first damping, a first hollow electrode plate, a first outer ring vibrating diaphragm support, a first inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, a hollow electrostatic vibrating diaphragm, a passive radiation vibrating diaphragm, a second inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, a second outer ring vibrating diaphragm support, a second hollow electrode plate and a second damping which are assembled in sequence, wherein the first hollow electrode plate, the first outer ring vibrating diaphragm support, the first inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, the hollow electrostatic vibrating diaphragm, the second inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, the second outer ring vibrating diaphragm support and the second hollow electrode plate with holes form an electrostatic loudspeaker structure together; the first damping, the first inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, the passive radiating vibrating diaphragm, the second inner ring radiating support and the second damping jointly form a bass passive radiating structure, larger sound power is generated under the condition of the same thickness and area, the bass radiating sound pressure and the dynamic upper limit of the electrostatic loudspeaker are improved, the problem of the electrostatic vibrating diaphragm and polar plate suction short circuit caused by high-power driving of the traditional electrostatic loudspeaker unit is solved, the power driving upper limit of the electrostatic loudspeaker unit is improved, and the reverberation time and the response effect of the bass signal are optimized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of audio playback, in particular to a hollow electrostatic loudspeaker with a passive radiation structure.
Background
At present, a loudspeaker is divided into a moving coil loudspeaker, a moving iron loudspeaker, an equal magnetic loudspeaker and an electrostatic transducer according to the structural principle; the electrostatic loudspeaker is used as a core device of high-end audio-video products in the market at present, is commonly arranged on equipment such as headphones, sound equipment and the like, and the sound amplification principle is that a conductive diaphragm is arranged in a fixed electrode plate, so that a flat-plate capacitor structure is formed, an audio alternating current voltage is applied to electrode plates on two sides opposite to the diaphragm through loading a high-voltage direct current power supply on the conductive coating of the diaphragm, the diaphragm is forced to vibrate to generate sound by utilizing coulomb force generated by positive and negative electric fields, and the sound is radiated through the electrode plates with holes on two sides.
From the performance, the vibrating diaphragm of the electrostatic loudspeaker is very light and thin, has extremely small mass, and can even ignore the inertial motion and cutting vibration of the diaphragm, so that the electrostatic loudspeaker has good dynamic response capability and the revealing force of tiny signals; meanwhile, the effective vibration area of the vibration system is more than 4 times of that of the traditional moving coil transduction structure, so that the vibration system is easier to form a larger intracranial sound field effect and a more natural intracranial virtual image.
Of course, the electrostatic loudspeaker has corresponding defects and problems, the traditional large-size electrostatic loudspeaker relies on the vibrating diaphragm loaded with a high-voltage direct-current power supply to vibrate, and the center position of the charged vibrating diaphragm can generate larger displacement because the fixing effect of the bracket on the vibrating diaphragm is only on the outer edge of the vibrating diaphragm; the charged diaphragm is easy to absorb and burn with the alternating-current high-voltage polar plates at two sides under the action of large coulomb force when replaying high-power and dynamic bass signals. Therefore, the conventional electrostatic speaker prevents this problem by enhancing the surface tension of the diaphragm and limiting the amplitude of the diaphragm.
However, at the same time, the higher surface tension increases the surface rigidity of the diaphragm, so that the displacement and deflection deformation degree of the diaphragm of the electrostatic loudspeaker are reduced, and sufficient air cannot be driven under the same voltage driving condition. Therefore, in a low-frequency area requiring huge power, enough sound pressure and dynamic range are difficult to generate, so that the response performance of a low-frequency signal is poor, and the upper limit of the sound power of each frequency end and the application scene of the electrostatic loudspeaker are severely limited.
In short, the acoustic power and the frequency response performance of the traditional electrostatic loudspeaker are determined by the vibration diaphragm amplitude displacement, the vibration diaphragm surface tension and the vibration diaphragm size together, and as known from the coulomb law, the increase of the vibration diaphragm amplitude displacement can lead to the decrease of the electrostatic field coulomb force, and the overall power and the sensitivity of the electrostatic vibration diaphragm are reduced; increasing the surface tension can severely restrict the sound pressure in a low-frequency region, and decreasing the surface tension can weaken the edge constraint of the vibrating diaphragm to generate larger deflection deformation and displacement; the size of the vibrating diaphragm is increased, the sound pressure in a low-frequency area can be improved, but the vibration amplitude displacement of the vibrating diaphragm can be increased by times, and the vibrating diaphragm is easy to burn out by mistakenly touching the polar plate under high power.
At present, the traditional full-size electrostatic unit cannot improve the acoustic power and response performance of the electrostatic unit from the three parameters at the same time, and negative implications are generated.
Therefore, there is a need for structural improvement in providing a hollow electrostatic speaker with passive radiating structure to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a hollow electrostatic loudspeaker with a passive radiation structure, which is used for solving the restriction problems of a traditional full-size electrostatic unit in three aspects of vibration amplitude displacement of a vibrating diaphragm, surface tension of the vibrating diaphragm and size of the vibrating diaphragm; and the problem of acoustic power of the electrostatic unit in the full frequency band.
The invention provides a hollow electrostatic loudspeaker with a passive radiation structure, which comprises a first damping, a second damping, a first hollow electrode plate with holes, a second hollow electrode plate with holes, a first outer ring vibrating diaphragm support, a second outer ring vibrating diaphragm support, a first inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, a second inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, a hollow electrostatic vibrating diaphragm and a passive radiation vibrating diaphragm, wherein conductive plating layers are formed on the surfaces of two sides of the hollow electrostatic vibrating diaphragm. Simultaneously, a first damping, a first hollow electrode plate with holes, a first outer ring vibrating diaphragm support, a first inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, a hollow static vibrating diaphragm, a passive radiating vibrating diaphragm, a second inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, a second outer ring vibrating diaphragm support, a second hollow electrode plate with holes and a second damping are assembled according to the sequence. The method is characterized in that: the first hollow electrode plate with holes, the first outer ring vibrating diaphragm support, the first inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, the hollow electrostatic vibrating diaphragm, the second inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, the second outer ring vibrating diaphragm support and the second hollow electrode plate with holes form an active electrostatic loudspeaker structure together; the first damping, the first inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, the passive radiating vibrating diaphragm, the second inner ring radiating support and the second damping form a passive radiating structure together.
Preferably, the first hollow electrode plate, the first outer ring diaphragm support, the hollow electrostatic diaphragm, the second outer ring diaphragm support and the second hollow electrode plate are all circular, have equal radius, and are coaxially arranged with coincident circle centers; the first damping, the first inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, the passive radiation vibrating diaphragm, the second inner ring vibrating diaphragm support and the second damping are circular, have equal radiuses, are overlapped and are coaxially arranged; the hollow electrostatic vibrating diaphragm and the passive radiation vibrating diaphragm are in the same plane and are coaxially arranged.
Preferably, the first hollow electrode plate, the hollow electrostatic diaphragm and the second hollow electrode plate are hollow annular, and the diameters of hollow areas of the first hollow electrode plate, the hollow electrostatic diaphragm and the second hollow electrode plate are equal to or smaller than the outer diameters of the first damper, the first inner ring diaphragm support, the passive radiation diaphragm, the second inner ring diaphragm support and the second damper.
Preferably, the first outer ring vibrating diaphragm support and the second outer ring vibrating diaphragm support are respectively provided with a conductive coating on one side facing the hollow electrostatic vibrating diaphragm, and the conductive coatings of the first outer ring vibrating diaphragm support and the second outer ring vibrating diaphragm support are identical in shape and area.
Preferably, the punched holes of the first hollow electrode plate and the second hollow electrode plate are uniformly distributed round, the surface open areas of the first hollow electrode plate and the second hollow electrode plate are the same, and the open ratio is 60% -85%
Preferably, the diameters of the single round punched holes on the first hollow electrode plate and the second hollow electrode plate are 0.8mm-3mm.
Preferably, the passive radiation diaphragm is made of a non-conductive film material, and a flexible hanging edge structure is formed at the edge part of the passive radiation diaphragm and is fixed on the first inner ring diaphragm support and the second inner ring diaphragm support.
Preferably, the surface tension of the hollow electrostatic diaphragm is 1kPa-5kPa, the surface stress of the passive radiation diaphragm is zero, and the hollow electrostatic diaphragm is in a stress-free state.
Preferably, the first hollow electrode plate, the first outer ring vibrating diaphragm support, the first inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, the second outer ring vibrating diaphragm support and the second hollow electrode plate are all PCB boards, and the surfaces of the first inner ring vibrating diaphragm support and the second inner ring vibrating diaphragm support do not form any conductive structure.
Preferably, the first damping and the second damping are porous sound absorbing materials.
Compared with the related art, the hollow electrostatic loudspeaker with the passive radiation structure has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has reasonable design, the traditional edge single-side fixed vibrating diaphragm is changed into a double-side internal and external fixed hollow vibrating diaphragm, and the traditional single-static vibrating diaphragm full-frequency playback system is changed into a driving hollow vibrating diaphragm and driven radiation vibrating diaphragm combined playback system. Compared with the traditional electrostatic loudspeaker, the invention separates and processes the low-frequency signal with larger sound power and longer displacement stroke from the problem of full-frequency music playback, and the passive radiation vibrating diaphragm with the flexible suspension edge is used for radiating the low-frequency signal with high power and high cavity pressure; the hollow static vibrating diaphragm with high rigidity, uniform surface stress and annular internal and external fixation is used for playing back high-frequency signals with small amplitude displacement.
Benefits in terms of acoustic power carrying performance are:
on one hand, compared with the traditional external edge type vibrating diaphragm fixing method, the annular internal and external fixing structure can improve the overall rigidity of the vibrating diaphragm in vibration, effectively inhibit the nonlinear resonance problem generated by the film in high-power middle-high frequency vibration, and reduce the THD nonlinear distortion of the middle-high frequency band under the same input power; on the other hand, the annular vibrating diaphragm structure changes the amplitude, the vibration locus and the vibration mode of the traditional electrostatic vibrating diaphragm at the maximum power, and the maximum amplitude locus is changed from one point of the mass center of the traditional electrostatic vibrating diaphragm to a loop line area in the middle of the inner ring and the outer ring of the vibrating diaphragm, so that the amplitude of the maximum amplitude locus of the vibrating diaphragm can be reduced under the same driving power. The problem of burning caused by the short-circuit polar plate with overlarge amplitude displacement of the traditional electrostatic diaphragm under high-power driving is avoided to a great extent, so that the traditional electrostatic diaphragm is allowed to be driven with higher power, and therefore the acoustic power bearing performance of the traditional electrostatic diaphragm is obviously superior to that of a traditional full-size electrostatic loudspeaker.
Benefits in terms of bass response performance are:
the low-frequency signal response mainly depends on the displacement of the vibrating diaphragm to drive sufficient air and generate sufficient air pressure in the cavity, and the driven radiation vibrating diaphragm with the flexible suspension edge can be coupled in the low-frequency signal generated by the annular electrostatic vibrating diaphragm and start to vibrate together under the action of the air pressure in the cavity, so that the low-frequency air pressure compensation and slow reset effects are generated. When the previous low-frequency signal begins to dissipate and decay from the maximum cavity pressure moment, the driven radiation vibrating diaphragm gradually restores the balance position from the maximum amplitude position and releases the cavity pressure for compensation, so that the decay time of the low-frequency signal in the unit cavity is prolonged. Similarly, in the rising process of the low-frequency signal, the driven radiation vibrating diaphragm can play a role in relieving the rising speed of the low-frequency cavity pressure, and compared with the traditional single-electrostatic vibrating diaphragm system, the driven radiation vibrating diaphragm can achieve a more natural front-back period transition effect in the low-frequency band.
The response of the medium-high frequency signal does not depend on the intra-cavity air pressure caused by the displacement of the diaphragm, but also depends on the speed and the acceleration of the annular electrostatic diaphragm, so that the medium-high frequency signal is difficult to couple to the driven radiation diaphragm through the intra-cavity air pressure. In order to prevent the low-frequency signal from generating higher harmonic on the passive radiation vibrating diaphragm, the damping structures made of porous sound absorption materials on two sides play a role in attenuating the medium-high frequency signal, the effect of low-pass filtering is realized in a physical mode, and adverse effects of the passive radiation vibrating diaphragm on the original medium-high frequency band are restrained.
In conclusion, due to the fact that the passive radiation vibrating diaphragm is beneficial to the discharge control of the unit low-frequency cavity pressure, longer low-frequency reverberation time and more natural low-frequency playback effect can be obtained under the condition of the same unit volume.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a passive radiation diaphragm according to the present invention
1. Hollow static vibrating diaphragm, 2, passive radiation vibrating diaphragm, 3, first hollow electrode plate, 4, second hollow electrode plate, 5, first outer ring vibrating diaphragm support, 6, second outer ring vibrating diaphragm support, 7, first inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, 8, second inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, 9, first damping, 10, second damping.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and embodiments
Referring to fig. 1-2 in combination, a hollow electrostatic speaker with a passive radiation structure includes a hollow electrostatic diaphragm 1, a passive radiation diaphragm 2, a first hollow electrode plate 3 with holes, a second hollow electrode plate 4 with holes, a first outer ring diaphragm support 5, a second outer ring diaphragm support 6, a first inner ring diaphragm support 7, a second inner ring diaphragm support 8, a first damper 9, and a second damper 10, where the first damper 9, the first hollow electrode plate 3 with holes, the first outer ring diaphragm support 5, the first inner ring diaphragm support 7, the hollow electrostatic diaphragm 1, the passive radiation diaphragm 2, the second inner ring diaphragm support 8, the second outer ring diaphragm support 6, the second hollow electrode plate 4 with holes, and the second damper 10 are assembled in this order;
the audio signal of the input unit is played back by an active electrostatic loudspeaker structure and a passive radiation structure, a first hollow electrode plate 3 with holes, a first outer ring diaphragm support 5, a first inner ring diaphragm support 7, a hollow electrostatic diaphragm 1, a second inner ring diaphragm support 8, a second outer ring diaphragm support 6 and a second hollow electrode plate 4 with holes form the active electrostatic loudspeaker structure together, and a passive radiation structure is formed by the first damping 9, the first inner ring diaphragm support 7, the passive radiation diaphragm 2, the second inner ring diaphragm support 8 and the second damping 10 together.
The first hollow electrode plate 3, the first outer ring diaphragm support 5, the hollow electrostatic diaphragm 1, the second outer ring diaphragm support 6 and the second hollow electrode plate 4 are all round, have equal radius, and have coincident circle centers and are coaxially arranged; the first damping 9, the first inner ring diaphragm support 7, the passive radiation diaphragm 2, the second inner ring diaphragm support 8 and the second damping 10 are circular, have equal radiuses, are overlapped and are coaxially arranged; the hollow electrostatic vibrating diaphragm 1 and the passive radiation vibrating diaphragm 2 are arranged coaxially and are positioned on the same plane.
The first hollow electrode plate 3, the hollow electrostatic vibrating diaphragm 1 and the second hollow electrode plate 4 are hollow annular, and the diameters of hollow areas of the hollow electrode plates are equal to or smaller than the outer diameters of the first damping 9, the first inner ring vibrating diaphragm support 7, the passive radiation vibrating diaphragm 2, the second inner ring vibrating diaphragm support 8 and the second damping 9.
The first outer ring diaphragm support 5 and the second outer ring diaphragm support 6 are respectively provided with a conductive coating on one side facing the hollow electrostatic diaphragm 1, and the conductive coatings of the first outer ring diaphragm support and the second outer ring diaphragm support are identical in shape and area.
The punching shapes of the first hollow electrode plate 3 and the second hollow electrode plate 4 are uniformly distributed circles, the surface opening areas of the first hollow electrode plate 3 and the second hollow electrode plate 4 are the same, the opening ratio is 60% -85%, and the diameter of a single circle punched hole on the first hollow electrode plate 3 and the second hollow electrode plate 4 is 0.8mm-3mm.
The passive radiation diaphragm 2 is made of a non-conductive film material, and a flexible hanging edge structure is formed at the edge part of the passive radiation diaphragm and is fixed on a first inner ring diaphragm support 7 and a second inner ring diaphragm support 8.
The surface tension of the hollow electrostatic vibrating diaphragm 1 is 1kPa-5kPa, the surface stress of the passive radiation vibrating diaphragm 2 is zero, and the hollow electrostatic vibrating diaphragm is in a stress-free state.
The first hollow electrode plate 3, the first outer ring diaphragm support 5, the first inner ring diaphragm support 7, the second inner ring diaphragm support 8, the second outer ring diaphragm support 6 and the second hollow electrode plate 4 are all PCBs, and the surfaces of the first inner ring diaphragm support 7 and the second inner ring diaphragm support 8 do not form any conductive structure.
The first damping 9 and the second damping 10 are both porous sound absorbing materials.
It should be noted that, referring to fig. 1-2, the same parts of the structure of the electrostatic speaker provided in this embodiment are that the active electrostatic speaker part and the conventional electrostatic speaker have no difference in the overall sandwich structure.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the difference between the structure of the electrostatic speaker and the structure of the conventional electrostatic speaker system is that the full-band audio signal is not played back and emitted by a single active speaker unit, but is emitted and radiated by two steps of active speaker and passive radiation, and the low-power middle-high frequency signal and the high-power low frequency cavity voltage are distributed and radiated by the active electrostatic speaker structure and the passive radiation structure, and are coupled into the full-band high-power signal in the sound field.
Referring to fig. 1, there is no gap between the first hollow electrode plate 3 and the first outer ring diaphragm support 5, and there is likewise no gap between the second hollow electrode plate 4 and the second outer ring diaphragm support 6. The structure can be realized on a glass fiber PCB board in a double-sided copper-clad plate etching mode, the thicknesses of the first hollow electrode plate 3 and the second hollow electrode plate 4 are preferably 2mm, so that the integral rigidity of the unit is improved, and the high-order resonance of the hollow electrostatic diaphragm 1 in the interlayer under high sound pressure is restrained.
It should be noted that, there is no gap between the first hollow electrode plate 3 and the first inner ring diaphragm support 7, there is no gap between the second hollow electrode plate 4 and the second inner ring diaphragm support 8, and the method is different from the etching process of the double-sided copper-clad plate in that the inner ring diaphragm support is preferably attached to the hollow electrostatic plate in a solid adhesive manner, and the solid adhesive layer is used as damping vibration attenuation to isolate the reverse acceleration generated by the passive radiation diaphragm 2 in the passive radiation process.
Referring to fig. 2, an elastic hanging edge structure is provided at an edge portion of the passive radiating diaphragm 2, which can be achieved by pressing a PET film of a conventional moving-coil type speaker unit.
The reason of adopting the arrangement mode is that the passive radiation vibrating diaphragm 2 can generate larger amplitude displacement under stronger acoustic power, the overhanging edge structure can help the film material to generate good elasticity, reduce the surface stress generated by the passive radiation vibrating diaphragm 2 under small amplitude displacement, share the external radiation power of enough low-frequency signals and improve the attenuation time of the vibration of the passive radiation vibrating diaphragm 2.
In addition, the hollow electrostatic vibrating diaphragm 1 structure is different from the conventional electrostatic loudspeaker vibrating diaphragm structure in that the sound vibration fixed end of the hollow electrostatic vibrating diaphragm 1 is not limited to the outer ring boundary of the conventional vibrating diaphragm structure, but is arranged at the inner ring boundary and the outer ring boundary at the same time, so that the overall rigidity of the electrostatic vibrating diaphragm is improved, the maximum amplitude displacement of the electrostatic vibrating diaphragm under high sound power is reduced, and the high-power burning risk caused by short circuit between the electrostatic vibrating diaphragm and the polar plate is avoided.
As shown in fig. 1, the first damping 9 and the second damping 10 are made of porous sound absorbing materials, and in engineering application, the thicknesses of the two materials can be different, preferably the thickness is 1.5mm-3mm, the optimal acoustic impedance effect is affected by the materials, and the optimal thickness range is 1.5mm-2mm under polyurethane materials.
The reason for adopting the arrangement mode is that the porous sound absorbing material has the function of attenuating medium-high frequency signals in the sound transmission process, and the first damping 9 and the second damping 10 are oppositely arranged with the passive radiation vibrating diaphragm 2, so that high-frequency harmonic waves generated in the passive vibration process of the passive radiation vibrating diaphragm 2 can be attenuated, and the passive radiation vibrating diaphragm does not interfere the active electrostatic loudspeaker structure in a medium-high sound region.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the preferred ratio of the hollow inner diameter of the hollow electrostatic diaphragm 1 to the outer diameter of the hollow electrostatic diaphragm 1 ranges from 42% to 55%.
As shown in fig. 2, the preferred ratio of the width of the overhanging edge structure of the passive radiating diaphragm 2 to the radius of the passive radiating diaphragm 2 is in the range of 15% -20%.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a hollow electrostatic speaker with passive radiation structure, includes first damping, second damping, foraminiferous first hollow electrode plate, foraminiferous second hollow electrode plate, first outer ring vibrating diaphragm support, second outer ring vibrating diaphragm support, first inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, second inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, hollow electrostatic vibrating diaphragm, passive radiation vibrating diaphragm, and the both sides surface of hollow electrostatic vibrating diaphragm all is formed with conductive coating, simultaneously first damping, foraminiferous first hollow electrode plate, first outer ring vibrating diaphragm support, first inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, hollow electrostatic vibrating diaphragm, passive radiation vibrating diaphragm, second inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, second outer ring vibrating diaphragm support, foraminiferous second hollow electrode plate and second damping assemble in this order, its characterized in that: the first hollow electrode plate with holes, the first outer ring vibrating diaphragm support, the first inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, the hollow electrostatic vibrating diaphragm, the second inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, the second outer ring vibrating diaphragm support and the second hollow electrode plate with holes form an electrostatic loudspeaker structure together; the first damping, the first inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, the passive radiating diaphragm, the second inner ring radiating support and the second damping jointly form a bass passive radiating structure, and the first hollow electrode plate, the first outer ring vibrating diaphragm support, the hollow electrostatic vibrating diaphragm, the second outer ring vibrating diaphragm support and the second hollow electrode plate are all circular, have equal radiuses and coincident circle centers and are coaxially arranged; the first damping, the first inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, the passive radiation vibrating diaphragm, the second inner ring vibrating diaphragm support and the second damping are circular, have equal radius, and are coaxially arranged with the coincident circle centers; the hollow electrostatic vibrating diaphragm and the passive radiation vibrating diaphragm are arranged coaxially and are positioned on the same plane; the first hollow electrode plate, the hollow electrostatic vibrating diaphragm and the second hollow electrode plate are hollow annular, and the diameter of the hollow area is equal to or smaller than the outer diameters of the first damper, the first inner ring vibrating diaphragm support, the passive radiation vibrating diaphragm, the second inner ring vibrating diaphragm support and the second damper.
2. The hollow electrostatic speaker with passive radiation structure according to claim 1, wherein the first outer ring diaphragm support and the second outer ring diaphragm support are respectively provided with a conductive coating on a single side facing the hollow electrostatic diaphragm, and the conductive coatings have the same shape and area.
3. The hollow electrostatic speaker with passive radiation structure according to claim 1, wherein the punched holes of the first hollow electrode plate and the second hollow electrode plate are uniformly distributed round, and the surface open areas of the first hollow electrode plate and the second hollow electrode plate are the same, and the aperture ratio is 60% -85%.
4. A hollow electrostatic speaker with passive radiating structure according to claim 3 wherein the individual circular punched holes in said first and second hollow electrode plates have a diameter of 0.8mm to 3mm.
5. The hollow electrostatic speaker with passive radiating structure according to claim 1, wherein the passive radiating diaphragm is made of a nonconductive film material, and a flexible cantilever structure is formed at an edge portion thereof and is fixed to the first inner ring diaphragm support and the second inner ring diaphragm support.
6. The hollow electrostatic speaker with passive radiation structure according to claim 1, wherein the surface tension of the hollow electrostatic diaphragm is 1kPa-5kPa, and the surface stress of the passive radiation diaphragm is zero and is in a stress-free state.
7. The hollow electrostatic speaker with passive radiation structure according to claim 5, wherein the first hollow electrode plate, the first outer ring diaphragm support, the first inner ring diaphragm support, the second outer ring diaphragm support, and the second hollow electrode plate are all PCB boards, and the surfaces of the first inner ring diaphragm support and the second inner ring diaphragm support do not form any conductive structure.
8. The hollow electrostatic speaker with passive radiating structure of claim 1, wherein the first damping and the second damping are porous sound absorbing materials.
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| CN102300142A (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2011-12-28 | 安桥株式会社 | Loudspeaker diaphragm and loudspeaker including the loudspeaker diaphragm |
| WO2015116000A1 (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2015-08-06 | Tgi Technology Private Limited | Acoustic structure with passive diaphragm |
| WO2018121701A1 (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-05 | 头领科技（昆山）有限公司 | Electrostatic speaker structure |
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| JP2009117981A (en) * | 2007-11-02 | 2009-05-28 | Seiko Epson Corp | Control apparatus of electrostatic type transducer, control method of electrostatic type transducer, and ultrasonic speaker |
| JP2010016603A (en) * | 2008-07-03 | 2010-01-21 | Yamaha Corp | Electrostatic speaker |
| JP5252104B1 (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2013-07-31 | オムロン株式会社 | Capacitive sensor, acoustic sensor and microphone |
| CN208143481U (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-11-23 | 王丁宁 | A kind of electrostatic electroacoustic transducers |
| CN209642967U (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-11-15 | 黄海 | A kind of combined type electrostatic electroacoustic transducer |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES172358A1 (en) * | 1943-11-02 | 1946-03-01 | Standard Electrica Sa | IMPROVEMENTS IN MICROPHONES |
| CH552325A (en) * | 1971-05-26 | 1974-07-31 | Antes Gregor | ELECTROSTATIC HEADPHONES. |
| CN102300142A (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2011-12-28 | 安桥株式会社 | Loudspeaker diaphragm and loudspeaker including the loudspeaker diaphragm |
| WO2015116000A1 (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2015-08-06 | Tgi Technology Private Limited | Acoustic structure with passive diaphragm |
| WO2018121701A1 (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-05 | 头领科技（昆山）有限公司 | Electrostatic speaker structure |
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