CN113594525A - Energy storage, carbon sequestration and new energy recycling - Google Patents

Energy storage, carbon sequestration and new energy recycling Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113594525A
CN113594525A CN202010369148.8A CN202010369148A CN113594525A CN 113594525 A CN113594525 A CN 113594525A CN 202010369148 A CN202010369148 A CN 202010369148A CN 113594525 A CN113594525 A CN 113594525A
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carbon dioxide
alcohol
energy
methanol
electrode plate
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顾士平
顾海涛
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/22—Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elements; Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
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    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
    • C25B3/01—Products
    • C25B3/07—Oxygen containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
    • C25B3/20—Processes
    • C25B3/21—Photoelectrolysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
    • C25B3/20—Processes
    • C25B3/25—Reduction
    • C25B3/26—Reduction of carbon dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/50—Cells or assemblies of cells comprising photoelectrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1009—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged
    • H01M8/1011—Direct alcohol fuel cells [DAFC], e.g. direct methanol fuel cells [DMFC]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

Energy storage, carbon sequestration and new energy recycling: the garbage electric energy which cannot be consumed and can be wasted is utilized to electrolyze carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol for storage, so that chemical energy storage is realized; realizing the carbon dioxide sequestration. When the user needs the power supply, the alcohol fuel cell generates electricity according to the requirement to meet the human demand. The carbon dioxide and methanol storage has simpler, more economic and safer environmental requirements than the hydrogen storage; and zero emission of carbon is realized. Simultaneously, carbon dioxide generated by other ways and carbon dioxide in the air are sealed and stored; compared with geological carbon sequestration, the method is safe and has economic benefit. The operation can be really realized only with economic benefit. The garbage electric energy electrolyzes carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol, and closed loop of methanol circulation is realized. The storage of alcohol provides the human with the energy which can be used at any time, thus solving the energy crisis of the human. An alkaline electrolytic cell; an alkaline bipolar electrolyzer; solid electrolyte electrolytic cell.

Description

Energy storage, carbon sequestration and new energy recycling
One, the technical field
The invention relates to energy storage, carbon sequestration and new energy cycle, in particular to new energy cycle for electrolyzing carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol energy storage and carbon sequestration.
Second, background Art
(1) And (4) geological storage of carbon dioxide.
(2) Hydrogen electrolysis, hydrogen fuel cell cycling.
Third, the invention
The problems to be solved are as follows:
(1) hydrogen storage is difficult: the storage density is 39g/L when the pressure is compressed to 70MPa at normal temperature, the storage density is low, a large amount of cost is needed for compression treatment, and the pressure is high and unsafe; the temperature of hydrogen liquefaction is-253 degrees celsius, the density is 70g/L, and a great deal of expense is required for hydrogen liquefaction and to maintain the low temperature of liquid hydrogen. In order to solve the problems that hydrogen can not be stored at high density at normal temperature and needs a large amount of energy to realize and maintain under high pressure or low temperature by using hydrogen energy for circulation at present, the efficiency is low, and the requirement of future new energy storage can not be met.
(2) Carbon sealing and storing: in order to solve the problem of carbon dioxide carbon sequestration, the content of greenhouse gas carbon dioxide in the air is reduced. At present, geological carbon sequestration of carbon dioxide is achieved only by paying out, economic benefits are not obtained, investment is continuously needed, no development power is provided, and the carbon sequestration is determined to be bad, so that fake carbon sequestration is caused, and the geological carbon sequestration cannot be developed for a long time by virtue. And the underground rock stratum is unsafe to store, and if the carbon dioxide geological storage is leaked due to a plurality of natural disasters such as earthquake, the top-out disaster of human beings is caused!
The technical scheme is as follows:
the electric energy is converted into energy in other forms, so that the electric energy is convenient to use and easy to convey; however, the electric energy is used as soon as it is generated, the generated electric energy is not consumed in time, the electric energy is lost due to heating on the conductor, for example, part of new energy and part of electric energy generated by the power plant at the power consumption valley stage cannot be consumed in time, and the uncertain energy output causes impact on the power grid, for example, the wind energy power generation power is suddenly high or low along with the wind speed, and even the power grid is possibly collapsed; hereinafter referred to as "garbage electric energy";
recycling the methanol; energy storage circulation; circulating electric energy; carbon sealing and storing;
the hydrocarbon or the hydrocarbon compound is (1) an energy storage medium; (2) a carbon dioxide carbon sequestration medium; the energy in various forms is converted into chemical energy for storage, waste electric energy which cannot be timely consumed and is wasted is used for electrolyzing carbon dioxide and water into hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon compounds for energy storage, and carbon dioxide is sealed and stored; when the electric energy is needed, the chemical energy of the fuel is converted into the electric energy by utilizing the hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon compound fuel cell for use, and the generated carbon dioxide is recovered; material circulation and energy storage are realized;
carbon dioxide is a cyclic intermediate and is temporarily stored; the source is as follows: carbon dioxide in air; carbon dioxide recovered in various daily or factory production processes; recycling carbon dioxide released by the fuel cell; temporary storage of carbon dioxide is realized;
energy storage and carbon sealing storage new energy circulation: the carbon dioxide and water are electrolyzed by using garbage electric energy which cannot be consumed and can be wasted to generate methanol for storage, so that chemical energy storage is realized; realizing the carbon dioxide sequestration. When a user needs to supply electric power, the alcohol fuel cell generates electricity as required to meet the human demand; the carbon dioxide and methanol storage has simpler, more economic and safer environmental requirements than the hydrogen storage; zero emission of carbon; simultaneously, carbon dioxide generated by other ways and carbon dioxide in the air are sealed and stored; compared with geological carbon sequestration, the method is safe and has practical economic benefits; i.e. carbon dioxide can sell money; the method has economic benefit and can be really operated well; the garbage electric energy electrolyzes the carbon dioxide and the water to generate the methanol, and the closed loop of the circulation is realized. The storage of the alcohol provides the human with the energy which can be used at any time, thereby solving the energy crisis of the human;
photolysis of water and carbon dioxide to produce alcohol (101), electrolysis of water and carbon dioxide to produce alcohol (102), industrial production of alcohol (103), and biomass to produce alcohol (104); alcohol storage (105); an alcohol fuel cell (106), an alcohol internal combustion engine (107), and an alcohol combustion furnace (108); carbon dioxide recovery (109);
preparing alcohol:
photolysis of water and carbon dioxide to alcohol (101): the energy of sunlight is utilized to photolyze water and carbon dioxide into alcohol under the combined action of a photolysis catalyst;
electrolyzing water and carbon dioxide to prepare alcohol (102): electrolyzing water and carbon dioxide into alcohol under the action of electric energy; or electrolyzing water and carbon dioxide into alcohol under the combined action of electric energy and a catalyst;
industrial alcohol (103): converting carbonaceous substances into alcohol by utilizing reforming technology by utilizing coal, petroleum, natural gas, biomass and the like;
biomass-to-alcohol (104): the biomass is converted into alcohol by utilizing a fermentation technology or an enzyme technology, or the plant gene modification technology directly generates alcohol from sunlight, carbon dioxide in the air and water by utilizing the photosynthesis of plants or microorganisms;
alcohol storage (105): storing energy and carbon sealing; storing other forms of energy as chemical energy of the alcohol; the alcohols are liquid under normal temperature and normal pressure due to the action of hydrogen bonds, and are easy to store; carbon is sealed and stored, and carbon dioxide in the air is fixed, so that the influence of greenhouse gases on the earth air temperature is reduced, and the carbon dioxide which is discharged in large quantity in the air by human beings since the industrial revolution is reduced; or carbon dioxide produced by the combustion of fossil fuels in factories or homes; or carbon dioxide produced from biomass fuels; or carbon dioxide produced by an alcohol fuel cell or an alcohol internal combustion engine or carbon dioxide produced by an alcohol combustion furnace; or carbon dioxide produced by the operation of a gasoline or diesel internal combustion engine;
the methanol can be stored in a universal container, stored, transported and sold in an oil depot and petroleum transportation equipment; unlike hydrogen which requires high pressure or extremely low temperature; the stored energy density of the methanol is high;
the manner of using alcohols: an alcohol fuel cell (106), or an alcohol internal combustion engine (107), or an alcohol combustion furnace (108); converting chemical energy stored in the alcohols into an energy form required by a user for human use;
alcohol fuel cell (106): converting chemical energy into electric energy in a fuel cell for human use by utilizing the reaction of alcohol and oxygen in the air;
alcohol internal combustion engine (107): alcohol and oxygen in the air are combusted in the internal combustion engine to generate power for human use;
alcohol burner (108): the alcohol is combusted with oxygen in the air to generate heat energy for human use;
purpose of electrolytic alcohol production: converting garbage electric energy into chemical energy for storage, realizing redundant electric energy storage, and simultaneously realizing carbon dioxide fixation and carbon sequestration;
peak clipping and valley filling: alcohol energy storage new energy circulation: electrolyzing the water and the carbon dioxide to prepare alcohol; or photolysis of water and carbon dioxide to make alcohol; or reforming fossil fuel to produce alcohol; or biomass to alcohol; storing alcohol; an alcohol fuel cell; recovering carbon dioxide generated by the alcohol fuel cell;
preparing alcohol by electrolysis: electrolyzing water and carbon dioxide by using electric energy to generate alcohol substances so as to convert the electric energy into chemical energy for storage;
or photolytic alcohol: the water and carbon dioxide are photolyzed by light energy to generate alcohol substances such as methanol, ethanol and the like, and the light energy is converted into chemical energy to be stored;
carbon dioxide sources for electrolytic or photolytic alcohol production: (1) directly utilizing carbon dioxide in the air; (2) carbon dioxide recovered using an alcohol fuel cell; (3) carbon dioxide which is a product or byproduct of industrial production is utilized; (4) carbon dioxide generated by burning fuel in the life of residents;
or fossil fuel reforming to alcohol: reforming coal, petroleum, natural gas, combustible ice and the like to prepare alcohol;
in the power microgrid, the states of various power generation and electric equipment are monitored, and the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol is controlled; and controlling power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; thereby realizing the balanced power supply of the microgrid electric energy; the power microgrid can be applied to families, automobiles, islands and the like;
in the power grid, the parameters provided by the power internet or a power control system are used for controlling the electrolysis of the carbon dioxide and the water to generate the methanol; and controlling power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; therefore, the balanced power supply of the electric energy of the large power grid is realized;
the advantages of the alcohol energy storage new energy cycle and the hydrogen energy storage cycle are as follows:
(1) the alcohol energy storage new energy cycle and the hydrogen energy storage cycle of the invention are the same with zero emission of carbon dioxide: because carbon dioxide is consumed to prepare alcohol during alcohol preparation, the carbon dioxide generated by the alcohol fuel cell is recovered by the recovery device and is used during alcohol preparation by electrolysis or alcohol photolysis, the closed-loop operation of the carbon dioxide is realized, and zero emission of the carbon dioxide is realized;
(2) boiling point of hydrogen-252.77 deg.C; critical temperature-234.9 deg.C, at which, under the action of a pressure higher than the critical temperature, no hydrogen can be liquefied; and critical temperature of carbon dioxide: 304.2K; the carbon dioxide is easy to store after being liquefied;
(3) the storage difficulty of carbon dioxide and alcohol fuels is much less than that of hydrogen.
(4) The storage difficulty of carbon dioxide and alcohol fuels is much lower than that of hydrogen, so that the cost is much lower;
(5) the storage difficulty of carbon dioxide and alcohol fuels is much higher than that of hydrogen, and the density of stored energy is much higher.
(6) The storage difficulty of carbon dioxide and alcohol fuels is much safer than that of hydrogen: and can realize carbon fixation smoothly, namely carbon dioxide fixation, and carbon sequestration.
An alkaline electrolytic cell for electrolyzing water and carbon dioxide to prepare alcohol: the electrolysis power supply 21(201), the lead 21(202), the cathode plate 21(205), the electrolyte 21(204), the carbon dioxide inlet pipe 21(210), the electrolysis bath 21(206), the diaphragm 21(208), the electrolyte 22(209), the anode plate 21(207) and the lead 22 (203);
the negative electrode of the electrolysis power supply 21(201) is connected to the cathode plate 21(205) through a lead 21 (202); the anode of the electrolysis power supply 21(201) is connected to the anode plate 21(207) through a lead 22 (203); the electrolyte 21(204) is an alkaline aqueous solution, such as NaOH, KOH, or LiOH aqueous solution;
the diaphragm 21(208) divides the electrolytic cell 21(206) into two parts;
a carbon dioxide introducing pipe 21(210) for introducing carbon dioxide into the electrolyte 21(204) solution containing OH-Ion, CO3 2-Ions, cations, H+Ion(s)；
Electrolytic half-reaction equation of cathode:
10H2O+12e-+2CO2＝2CH3OH+12OH-
or 8H2O+12e-+2H2CO3＝2CH3OH+12OH-
Electrolytic half-reaction equation of anode:
12OH-＝3O2+6H2O+12e-
the overall reaction equation:
4H2O+2CO2＝2CH3OH+3O2
or 2H2O+2H2CO3＝2CH3OH+3O2
The anode plate 21(207), and cathode plate 21(205) may be made of metal, or alloy, or graphite;
a catalyst for increasing the reaction speed of electrolyzing carbon dioxide to generate methanol; catalyst metal, or metal oxide: such as: copper, aluminum, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, platinum, or zinc oxide, or chromium oxide, or copper oxide, or aluminum oxide, or iron oxide, or ferroferric oxide; or a mixture of partial oxides in zinc oxide, chromium oxide, copper oxide, aluminum oxide, ferric oxide or ferroferric oxide; or zinc oxide, or chromium oxide, or copper oxide, or aluminum oxide, or ferric oxide, or ferroferric oxide; or a mixture of oxides; or a mixture of metals, metal oxides; or mixtures of carbon particles, metals, metal oxides;
the catalyst adheres to the anode plate 21(207), or the cathode plate 21 (205);
or the catalyst adheres to the cathode material between the cathode plate 21(205) and the separator 21 (208); cathode material nanoparticles such as carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, silicon nanoparticles;
or the catalyst adheres to the anode substance between the anode plate 21(207) and the separator 21 (208); anode substance nanoparticles such as carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, silicon nanoparticles;
the diaphragm 21(208) is made of asbestos, polysulfone, nickel oxide, or the like;
the boiling point of the methanol under the standard atmospheric pressure is 64.7 ℃, the temperature is controlled to be between 64.7 ℃ and 100 ℃, the methanol is distilled, and the methanol and the water can be separated to obtain methanol liquid;
in the power microgrid, the states of various power generation and electric equipment are monitored, and the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol is controlled; and controlling power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; realizing balanced power supply;
in the power grid, the parameters provided by the power internet or a power control system are used for controlling the electrolysis of the carbon dioxide and the water to generate the methanol; and controlling power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; and the stable operation of a large power grid is ensured.
Electrolyzing carbon dioxide to generate methanol by using an alkaline bipolar electrolyzer: a bipolar plate electrolytic tank schematic diagram, an electrolytic power supply 31(301), an electrode plate 31(304), a bipolar electrode plate 32(306), a bipolar electrode plate 33(311) and an electrode plate 3n (308); end pressing plates 31(316), 32 (307); insulating plate 31(317), insulating plate 32 (318); electrical connection lines 31(302), electrical connection lines 32 (303); septum 31(305), septum 32(310), septum 3n-1 (318); input port 31(314), input port 32(315), input port 3n (319); output port 31(312), output port 32(313), output port 3n (312); the bipolar plate is a positive electrode and a negative electrode; grooves are arranged on the bipolar plate for facilitating water, methanol and CO2Ion transport, diffusion through;
end pressing plates 31(316), 32 (307): bearing pressure, and fixing the bipolar electrolytic cell by using screws; can be metal, or alloy, or nonmetal, or high molecular material;
catalyst metal or metal oxide is arranged between the electrode plate and the diaphragm or between the bipolar plate and the diaphragm: such as: copper, aluminum, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, platinum, or zinc oxide, or chromium oxide, or copper oxide, or aluminum oxide, or iron oxide, or ferroferric oxide; or a mixture of partial oxides in zinc oxide, chromium oxide, copper oxide, aluminum oxide, ferric oxide or ferroferric oxide; or zinc oxide, or chromium oxide, or copper oxide, or aluminum oxide, or ferric oxide, or ferroferric oxide; or a mixture of oxides; or a mixture of metals, metal oxides; or mixtures of carbon particles, metals, metal oxides;
insulating plate 31(317), insulating plate 32(318) function: isolating the end hold down plates 31(316), the end hold down plates 32(307) from the cell power supply;
the negative pole of the electrolysis power supply 31(301) is connected with the electrode plate 31(304) through the electric connecting wire 31(302), and the positive pole of the electrolysis power supply 31(301) is connected with the electrode plate 3n (309) through the electric connecting wire 32 (303);
the insulating bolt 31(322), the nut 31(321), and the nut 32(323) are used for fixing the electrolytic bath; the bipolar electrolytic cell is provided with a plurality of groups of nuts and bolts for fixing the electrolytic cell, so that the stability of the electrolytic cell is ensured;
an input port 31(314) is used for inputting carbon dioxide or water and generating methanol after electrolysis; the generated methanol is output from an output port 31 (312); obtaining liquid methanol by fractional distillation;
the input port 32(315) inputs water, oxygen is generated through electrolysis, and the output port 32(313) outputs the water to be discharged into air or collects the oxygen;
the electrode plate 31(304) is the negative electrode of the sub-electrolytic cell 31 consisting of the electrode plate 31(304), the diaphragm 31(305) and the bipolar electrode plate 32 (306); the bipolar electrode plate 32(306) is the positive electrode of the sub-electrolytic cell 31 consisting of the electrode plate 31(304), the diaphragm 31(305) and the bipolar electrode plate 32 (306); the membrane lets OH-Ions, or water molecules pass through; the diaphragm is made of asbestos, polysulfone, nickel oxide or the like;
the bipolar electrode plate 32(306) is the negative electrode of the sub-electrolytic cell 32 consisting of the bipolar electrode plate 32(306), the diaphragm 32(310) and the bipolar electrode plate 33 (311); the bipolar electrode plate 33(311) is the positive electrode of the sub-electrolytic cell 32 consisting of the bipolar electrode plate 32(306), the diaphragm 32(310) and the bipolar electrode plate 33 (311);
by analogy, the electrode plate 31(304), the diaphragm 31(305), the bipolar electrode plate 32(306), the diaphragm 32(310), the bipolar electrode plate 33(311), the diaphragm 3n-1(318), the electrode plate 3n (308) and n-1 sub-electrolytic cells in the process; n-1 sub-electrolytic cells jointly form a bipolar electrolytic tank;
advantages of bipolar cells: compact structure, small volume, low cost and high yield.
In the power microgrid, the states of various power generation and electric equipment are monitored, and the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol is controlled; and controlling power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; realizing balanced power supply;
in the power grid, the parameters provided by the power internet or a power control system are used for controlling the electrolysis of the carbon dioxide and the water to generate the methanol; and controlling power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; and the stable operation of a large power grid is ensured.
Preparing methanol by electrolysis of a solid polymer electrolytic cell:
the working principle of preparing methanol by electrolyzing carbon dioxide and water is as follows:
and (3) positive pole reaction: 2CO2+12H++12e-＝2CH3OH+2H2O
And (3) cathode reaction: 6H2O＝3O2+12H++12e-
And (3) total reaction: 2CO2+4H2O＝2CH3OH+3O2
Electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to methanol: a schematic diagram of a solid polymer bipolar plate electrolytic cell, an electrolytic power supply 41(401), an electrode plate 41(404), a bipolar electrode plate 42(406), a bipolar electrode plate 43(411) and an electrode plate 4n (408); end pressing plates 41(416), 42 (407); insulating plate 41(417), insulating plate 42 (418); electrical connection lines 41(402), electrical connection lines 42 (403); proton exchange membrane 41(405), proton exchange membrane 42(410), proton exchange membrane 4n-1 (418); input port 41(414), input port 42(415), input port 4n (419); an output port 41(412), an output port 42(413), and an output port 4n (412); the bipolar plate is a positive electrode and a negative electrode; grooves are arranged on the bipolar plate for facilitating water, methanol and CO2Ion transport, diffusion through;
end holding plates 41(416), 42 (407): bearing pressure, and fixing the bipolar electrolytic cell by using screws; can be metal, or alloy, or nonmetal, or high molecular material;
metal oxides are used as catalysts between the electrode plate and the diaphragm or between the bipolar plate and the diaphragm, such as: zinc oxide, or chromium oxide, or copper oxide, or aluminum oxide, or ferric oxide, or ferroferric oxide; or a mixture of partial oxides in zinc oxide, chromium oxide, copper oxide, aluminum oxide, ferric oxide or ferroferric oxide; or zinc oxide, chromium oxide, copper oxide, aluminum oxide, ferric oxide, or partial oxide in ferroferric oxide; or a mixture of metals, metal oxides; or mixtures of carbon particles, metals, metal oxides;
insulating plate 41(417), insulating plate 42(418) function: isolating the end hold down plates 41(416), 42(407) from the cell power supply;
the negative electrode of the electrolysis power source 41(401) is connected with the electrode plate 41(404) through the electric connecting wire 41(402), and the positive electrode of the electrolysis power source 41(401) is connected with the electrode plate 4n (409) through the electric connecting wire 42 (403);
the insulating bolt 41(422), the nut 41(421) and the nut 42(423) are used for fixing the electrolytic cell;
an input port 41(414) for inputting carbon dioxide or water, and generating methanol after electrolysis; the generated methanol is output from an output port 41 (412); obtaining liquid methanol by fractional distillation;
the input port 42(415) inputs water, oxygen is generated through electrolysis, and the output port 42(413) outputs the water to be discharged into air or collects the oxygen;
the electrode plate 41(404) is the negative electrode of the sub-electrolytic cell 41 consisting of the electrode plate 41(404), the proton exchange membrane 41(405) and the bipolar electrode plate 42 (406); the bipolar electrode plate 42(406) is the positive electrode of the sub-electrolytic cell 41 consisting of the electrode plate 41(404), the proton exchange membrane 41(405) and the bipolar electrode plate 42 (406); diaphragm let H+Passing ions; the diaphragm adopts a proton exchange membrane;
the bipolar electrode plate 42(406) is the negative electrode of the sub-electrolytic cell 42 consisting of the bipolar electrode plate 42(406), the proton exchange membrane 42(410) and the bipolar electrode plate 43 (411); the bipolar electrode plate 43(411) is the positive electrode of the sub-electrolytic cell 42 consisting of the bipolar electrode plate 42(406), the proton exchange membrane 42(410) and the bipolar electrode plate 43 (411);
by analogy, the electrode plate 41(404), the proton exchange membrane 41(405), the bipolar electrode plate 42(406), the proton exchange membrane 42(410), the bipolar electrode plate 43(411), the proton exchange membrane 4n-1(418), the electrode plate 4n (408), and n-1 sub-electrolytic cells in the process; n-1 sub-electrolytic cells jointly form a bipolar electrolytic tank;
advantages of bipolar cells: compact structure, small volume, low cost and high yield; the efficiency is high;
in the power microgrid, the states of various power generation and electric equipment are monitored, and the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol is controlled; and controlling power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; realizing balanced power supply;
in the power grid, the parameters provided by the power internet or a power control system are used for controlling the electrolysis of the carbon dioxide and the water to generate the methanol; and controlling power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; and the stable operation of a large power grid is ensured.
Energy storage and carbon dioxide sealing cycle: methanol storage 51(503), carbon dioxide storage 51(504), methanol 51(501) produced by other ways, and carbon dioxide 51(502) produced by other ways;
the carbon dioxide storage 51(504) and the water utilize the 'garbage electric energy' electrolysis to realize the methanol chemical energy storage and the substance storage, namely the carbon dioxide is converted into the methanol to realize the carbon dioxide carbon sealing;
the garbage electricity means: wind power, solar energy and the like, and electric energy which cannot be absorbed by a power grid; or the electric energy which can not be consumed and is generated by the power plant during the valley period;
electrolyzing carbon dioxide and water by using garbage to convert the carbon dioxide and the water into methanol for storage, and realizing carbon dioxide carbon sequestration; converting the electric energy into chemical energy for storage and use at other time;
with the improvement of solar power generation efficiency, the marginal cost of fuel is greatly reduced by utilizing the electrolytic carbon dioxide energy storage technology, so that the energy problem is solved, the pollution problem is solved, and the carbon sequestration problem of greenhouse gas carbon dioxide is solved.
Has the advantages that:
(1) energy storage and carbon sealing storage new energy circulation: the carbon dioxide and water are electrolyzed by using garbage electric energy which cannot be consumed and can be wasted to generate methanol for storage, so that chemical energy storage is realized; realizing the carbon dioxide sequestration. When the user needs the power supply, the alcohol fuel cell generates electricity according to the requirement to meet the human demand. The carbon dioxide and methanol storage has simpler, more economic and safer environmental requirements than the hydrogen storage; and zero emission of carbon is realized. Simultaneously, carbon dioxide generated by other ways and carbon dioxide in the air are sealed and stored; compared with geological carbon sequestration, the method is safe and has economic benefit. Only the economic benefit can really operate. The garbage electric energy electrolyzes the carbon dioxide and the water to generate the methanol, and the closed loop of the circulation is realized.
(2) The alcohols have high melting point and boiling point due to the action of hydrogen bonds, are easier to store than hydrogen and gasoline, and are safe to store.
(3) The conversion of carbon dioxide and water into alcohols is facilitated by electrolysis.
(4) Solar energy, wind energy, water energy, nuclear energy and the like cannot be absorbed, and waste garbage electricity is easily converted into chemical energy of alcohol.
(5) The conversion of various forms of fossil energy to alcohol chemical energy is easy.
(6) Biomass can be easily converted to alcohol chemical energy.
(7) The greenhouse gas carbon dioxide is converted into alcohols, so that the carbon dioxide generated by human beings using fossil energy since the industrial revolution is fixed, and the earth is saved; the storage of alcohol provides the human with the energy which can be used at any time, thus solving the energy crisis of the human. Compared with the prior art, the method for storing the carbon dioxide into the deep earth stratum has the advantages of low cost, safety and capability of converting the stored chemical energy into the required energy form at any time when needed; and the influence of energy on economic fluctuation is also reduced by automatic adjustment of an energy market.
(8) The carbon dioxide is much easier to compress and store than hydrogen and natural gas;
(9) the carbon sequestration is realized by converting carbon dioxide in the air and carbon dioxide generated by industry and civilian use into alcohols, and the stored alcohols can be utilized at any time when human needs to use energy.
(10) Using carbon-sealed alcohols, the using method comprises the following steps: (a) alcohols are directly used as fuel for combustion;
(b) the alcohol directly generates electricity through a fuel cell for human use; (c) alcohols are reformed into hydrogen, which is converted into electrical energy for human use by a hydrogen fuel cell.
Description of the drawings
FIG. 1, energy storage new energy cycle block diagram
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the production of alcohol by electrolysis of water and carbon dioxide
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an alkaline bipolar plate cell
FIG. 4, schematic view of a solid polymer bipolar plate cell
FIG. 5, energy storage, carbon dioxide sequestration cycle
Fifth, detailed description of the invention
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
preferred example 1:
the electric energy is converted into energy in other forms, so that the electric energy is convenient to use and easy to convey; however, the electric energy is used as soon as it is generated, the generated electric energy is not consumed in time, the electric energy is lost due to heating on the conductor, for example, part of new energy and part of electric energy generated by the power plant at the power consumption valley stage cannot be consumed in time, and the uncertain energy output causes impact on the power grid, for example, the wind energy power generation power is suddenly high or low along with the wind speed, and even the power grid is possibly collapsed; hereinafter referred to as "garbage electric energy";
recycling the methanol; energy storage circulation; circulating electric energy; carbon sealing and storing;
the hydrocarbon or the hydrocarbon compound is (1) an energy storage medium; (2) a carbon dioxide carbon sequestration medium; the energy in various forms is converted into chemical energy for storage, waste electric energy which cannot be timely consumed and is wasted is used for electrolyzing carbon dioxide and water into hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon compounds for energy storage, and carbon dioxide is sealed and stored; when the electric energy is needed, the chemical energy of the fuel is converted into the electric energy by utilizing the hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon compound fuel cell for use, and the generated carbon dioxide is recovered; material circulation and energy storage are realized;
carbon dioxide is a cyclic intermediate and is temporarily stored; the source is as follows: carbon dioxide in air; carbon dioxide recovered in various daily or factory production processes; recycling carbon dioxide released by the fuel cell; temporary storage of carbon dioxide is realized;
energy storage and carbon sealing storage new energy circulation: the carbon dioxide and water are electrolyzed by using garbage electric energy which cannot be consumed and can be wasted to generate methanol for storage, so that chemical energy storage is realized; realizing the carbon dioxide sequestration. When a user needs to supply electric power, the alcohol fuel cell generates electricity as required to meet the human demand; the carbon dioxide and methanol storage has simpler, more economic and safer environmental requirements than the hydrogen storage; zero emission of carbon; simultaneously, carbon dioxide generated by other ways and carbon dioxide in the air are sealed and stored; compared with geological carbon sequestration, the method is safe and has practical economic benefits; i.e. carbon dioxide can sell money; the method has economic benefit and can be really operated well; the garbage electric energy electrolyzes the carbon dioxide and the water to generate the methanol, and the closed loop of the circulation is realized. The storage of the alcohol provides the human with the energy which can be used at any time, thereby solving the energy crisis of the human;
as shown in fig. 1, photolysis of water and carbon dioxide to produce alcohol (101), electrolysis of water and carbon dioxide to produce alcohol (102), industrial production of alcohol (103), and biomass production of alcohol (104); alcohol storage (105); an alcohol fuel cell (106), an alcohol internal combustion engine (107), and an alcohol combustion furnace (108); carbon dioxide recovery (109);
preparing alcohol:
photolysis of water and carbon dioxide to alcohol (101): the energy of sunlight is utilized to photolyze water and carbon dioxide into alcohol under the combined action of a photolysis catalyst;
electrolyzing water and carbon dioxide to prepare alcohol (102): electrolyzing water and carbon dioxide into alcohol under the action of electric energy; or electrolyzing water and carbon dioxide into alcohol under the combined action of electric energy and a catalyst;
industrial alcohol (103): converting carbonaceous substances into alcohol by utilizing reforming technology by utilizing coal, petroleum, natural gas, biomass and the like;
biomass-to-alcohol (104): the biomass is converted into alcohol by utilizing a fermentation technology or an enzyme technology, or the plant gene modification technology directly generates alcohol from sunlight, carbon dioxide in the air and water by utilizing the photosynthesis of plants or microorganisms;
alcohol storage (105): storing energy and carbon sealing; storing other forms of energy as chemical energy of the alcohol; the alcohols are liquid under normal temperature and normal pressure due to the action of hydrogen bonds, and are easy to store; carbon is sealed and stored, and carbon dioxide in the air is fixed, so that the influence of greenhouse gases on the earth air temperature is reduced, and the carbon dioxide which is discharged in large quantity in the air by human beings since the industrial revolution is reduced; or carbon dioxide produced by the combustion of fossil fuels in factories or homes; or carbon dioxide produced from biomass fuels; or carbon dioxide produced by an alcohol fuel cell or an alcohol internal combustion engine or carbon dioxide produced by an alcohol combustion furnace; or carbon dioxide produced by the operation of a gasoline or diesel internal combustion engine;
the methanol can be stored in a universal container, stored, transported and sold in an oil depot and petroleum transportation equipment; unlike hydrogen which requires high pressure or extremely low temperature; the stored energy density of the methanol is high;
the manner of using alcohols: an alcohol fuel cell (106), or an alcohol internal combustion engine (107), or an alcohol combustion furnace (108); converting chemical energy stored in the alcohols into an energy form required by a user for human use;
alcohol fuel cell (106): converting chemical energy into electric energy in a fuel cell for human use by utilizing the reaction of alcohol and oxygen in the air;
alcohol internal combustion engine (107): alcohol and oxygen in the air are combusted in the internal combustion engine to generate power for human use;
alcohol burner (108): the alcohol is combusted with oxygen in the air to generate heat energy for human use;
purpose of electrolytic alcohol production: converting garbage electric energy into chemical energy for storage, realizing redundant electric energy storage, and simultaneously realizing carbon dioxide fixation and carbon sequestration;
peak clipping and valley filling: alcohol energy storage new energy circulation: electrolyzing the water and the carbon dioxide to prepare alcohol; or photolysis of water and carbon dioxide to make alcohol; or reforming fossil fuel to produce alcohol; or biomass to alcohol; storing alcohol; an alcohol fuel cell; recovering carbon dioxide generated by the alcohol fuel cell;
preparing alcohol by electrolysis: electrolyzing water and carbon dioxide by using electric energy to generate alcohol substances so as to convert the electric energy into chemical energy for storage;
or photolytic alcohol: the water and carbon dioxide are photolyzed by light energy to generate alcohol substances such as methanol, ethanol and the like, and the light energy is converted into chemical energy to be stored;
carbon dioxide sources for electrolytic or photolytic alcohol production: (1) directly utilizing carbon dioxide in the air; (2) carbon dioxide recovered using an alcohol fuel cell; (3) carbon dioxide which is a product or byproduct of industrial production is utilized; (4) carbon dioxide generated by burning fuel in the life of residents;
or fossil fuel reforming to alcohol: reforming coal, petroleum, natural gas, combustible ice and the like to prepare alcohol;
in the power microgrid, the states of various power generation and electric equipment are monitored, and the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol is controlled; and controlling power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; thereby realizing the balanced power supply of the microgrid electric energy; the power microgrid can be applied to families, automobiles, islands and the like;
in the power grid, the parameters provided by the power internet or a power control system are used for controlling the electrolysis of the carbon dioxide and the water to generate the methanol; and controlling power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; therefore, the balanced power supply of the electric energy of the large power grid is realized;
the advantages of the alcohol energy storage new energy cycle and the hydrogen energy storage cycle are as follows:
(1) the alcohol energy storage new energy cycle and the hydrogen energy storage cycle of the invention are the same with zero emission of carbon dioxide: because carbon dioxide is consumed to prepare alcohol during alcohol preparation, the carbon dioxide generated by the alcohol fuel cell is recovered by the recovery device and is used during alcohol preparation by electrolysis or alcohol photolysis, the closed-loop operation of the carbon dioxide is realized, and zero emission of the carbon dioxide is realized;
(2) boiling point of hydrogen-252.77 deg.C; critical temperature-234.9 deg.C, at which, under the action of a pressure higher than the critical temperature, no hydrogen can be liquefied; and critical temperature of carbon dioxide: 304.2K; the carbon dioxide is easy to store after being liquefied;
(3) the storage difficulty of carbon dioxide and alcohol fuels is much less than that of hydrogen.
(4) The storage difficulty of carbon dioxide and alcohol fuels is much lower than that of hydrogen, so that the cost is much lower;
(5) the storage difficulty of carbon dioxide and alcohol fuels is much higher than that of hydrogen, and the density of stored energy is much higher.
(6) The storage difficulty of carbon dioxide and alcohol fuels is much safer than that of hydrogen: and can realize carbon fixation smoothly, namely carbon dioxide fixation, and carbon sequestration.
Preferred example 2:
an alkaline electrolytic cell for electrolyzing water and carbon dioxide to prepare alcohol: as shown in FIG. 2, the electrolysis power source 21(201), the lead 21(202), the cathode plate 21(205), the electrolyte 21(204), the carbon dioxide inlet tube 21(210), the electrolysis bath 21(206), the diaphragm 21(208), the electrolyte 22(209), the anode plate 21(207) and the lead 22 (203);
the negative electrode of the electrolysis power supply 21(201) is connected to the cathode plate 21(205) through a lead 21 (202); the anode of the electrolysis power supply 21(201) is connected to the anode plate 21(207) through a lead 22 (203); the electrolyte 21(204) is an alkaline aqueous solution, such as NaOH, KOH, or LiOH aqueous solution;
the diaphragm 21(208) divides the electrolytic cell 21(206) into two parts;
a carbon dioxide introducing pipe 21(210) for introducing carbon dioxide into the electrolyte 21(204) solution containing OH-Ion, CO3 2-Ions, cations, H+Ions;
electrolytic half-reaction equation of cathode:
10H2O+12e-+2CO2＝2CH3OH+12OH-
or 8H2O+12e-+2H2CO3＝2CH3OH+12OH-
Electrolytic half-reaction equation of anode:
12OH-＝3O2+6H2O+12e-
the overall reaction equation:
4H2O+2CO2＝2CH3OH+3O2
or 2H2O+2H2CO3＝2CH3OH+3O2
The anode plate 21(207), and cathode plate 21(205) may be made of metal, or alloy, or graphite;
a catalyst for increasing the reaction speed of electrolyzing carbon dioxide to generate methanol; catalyst metal, or metal oxide: such as: copper, aluminum, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, platinum, or zinc oxide, or chromium oxide, or copper oxide, or aluminum oxide, or iron oxide, or ferroferric oxide; or a mixture of partial oxides in zinc oxide, chromium oxide, copper oxide, aluminum oxide, ferric oxide or ferroferric oxide; or zinc oxide, or chromium oxide, or copper oxide, or aluminum oxide, or ferric oxide, or ferroferric oxide; or a mixture of oxides; or a mixture of metals, metal oxides; or mixtures of carbon particles, metals, metal oxides;
the catalyst adheres to the anode plate 21(207), or the cathode plate 21 (205);
or the catalyst adheres to the cathode material between the cathode plate 21(205) and the separator 21 (208); cathode material nanoparticles such as carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, silicon nanoparticles;
or the catalyst adheres to the anode substance between the anode plate 21(207) and the separator 21 (208); anode substance nanoparticles such as carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, silicon nanoparticles;
the diaphragm 21(208) is made of asbestos, polysulfone, nickel oxide, or the like;
the boiling point of the methanol under the standard atmospheric pressure is 64.7 ℃, the temperature is controlled to be between 64.7 ℃ and 100 ℃, the methanol is distilled, and the methanol and the water can be separated to obtain methanol liquid;
in the power microgrid, the states of various power generation and electric equipment are monitored, and the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol is controlled; and controlling power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; realizing balanced power supply;
in the power grid, the parameters provided by the power internet or a power control system are used for controlling the electrolysis of the carbon dioxide and the water to generate the methanol; and controlling power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; and the stable operation of a large power grid is ensured.
Preferred example 3:
electrolyzing carbon dioxide to generate methanol by using an alkaline bipolar electrolyzer: as shown in fig. 3, the bipolar plate electrolyzer is schematically illustrated, the electrolysis power source 31(301), the electrode plate 31(304), the bipolar electrode plate 32(306), the bipolar electrode plate 33(311), and the electrode plate 3n (308); end pressing plates 31(316), 32 (307); insulating plate 31(317), insulating plate 32 (318); electrical connection lines 31(302), electrical connection lines 32 (303); septum 31(305), septum 32(310), septum 3n-1 (318); input port 31(314), input port 32(315), input port 3n (319); output port 31(312), output port 32(313), output port 3n (312); the bipolar plate is a positive electrode and a negative electrode; grooves are arranged on the bipolar plate for facilitating water, methanol and CO2Ion transport, diffusion through;
end pressing plates 31(316), 32 (307): bearing pressure, and fixing the bipolar electrolytic cell by using screws; can be metal, or alloy, or nonmetal, or high molecular material;
catalyst metal or metal oxide is arranged between the electrode plate and the diaphragm or between the bipolar plate and the diaphragm: such as: copper, aluminum, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, platinum, or zinc oxide, or chromium oxide, or copper oxide, or aluminum oxide, or iron oxide, or ferroferric oxide; or a mixture of partial oxides in zinc oxide, chromium oxide, copper oxide, aluminum oxide, ferric oxide or ferroferric oxide; or zinc oxide, or chromium oxide, or copper oxide, or aluminum oxide, or ferric oxide, or ferroferric oxide; or a mixture of oxides; or a mixture of metals, metal oxides; or mixtures of carbon particles, metals, metal oxides;
insulating plate 31(317), insulating plate 32(318) function: isolating the end hold down plates 31(316), the end hold down plates 32(307) from the cell power supply;
the negative pole of the electrolysis power supply 31(301) is connected with the electrode plate 31(304) through the electric connecting wire 31(302), and the positive pole of the electrolysis power supply 31(301) is connected with the electrode plate 3n (309) through the electric connecting wire 32 (303);
the insulating bolt 31(322), the nut 31(321), and the nut 32(323) are used for fixing the electrolytic bath; the bipolar electrolytic cell is provided with a plurality of groups of nuts and bolts for fixing the electrolytic cell, so that the stability of the electrolytic cell is ensured;
an input port 31(314) is used for inputting carbon dioxide or water and generating methanol after electrolysis; the generated methanol is output from an output port 31 (312); obtaining liquid methanol by fractional distillation;
the input port 32(315) inputs water, oxygen is generated through electrolysis, and the output port 32(313) outputs the water to be discharged into air or collects the oxygen;
the electrode plate 31(304) is the negative electrode of the sub-electrolytic cell 31 consisting of the electrode plate 31(304), the diaphragm 31(305) and the bipolar electrode plate 32 (306); the bipolar electrode plate 32(306) is the positive electrode of the sub-electrolytic cell 31 consisting of the electrode plate 31(304), the diaphragm 31(305) and the bipolar electrode plate 32 (306); the membrane lets OH-Ions, or water molecules pass through; the diaphragm is made of asbestos, polysulfone, nickel oxide or the like;
the bipolar electrode plate 32(306) is the negative electrode of the sub-electrolytic cell 32 consisting of the bipolar electrode plate 32(306), the diaphragm 32(310) and the bipolar electrode plate 33 (311); the bipolar electrode plate 33(311) is the positive electrode of the sub-electrolytic cell 32 consisting of the bipolar electrode plate 32(306), the diaphragm 32(310) and the bipolar electrode plate 33 (311);
by analogy, the electrode plate 31(304), the diaphragm 31(305), the bipolar electrode plate 32(306), the diaphragm 32(310), the bipolar electrode plate 33(311), the diaphragm 3n-1(318), the electrode plate 3n (308) and n-1 sub-electrolytic cells in the process; n-1 sub-electrolytic cells jointly form a bipolar electrolytic tank;
advantages of bipolar cells: compact structure, small volume, low cost and high yield.
The alkaline bipolar electrolyzer is a unit; or the bipolar electrolytic cell is two units; or the bipolar electrolyzer is a plurality of units;
in the power microgrid, the states of various power generation and electric equipment are monitored, and the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol is controlled; and controlling power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; realizing balanced power supply;
in the power grid, the parameters provided by the power internet or a power control system are used for controlling the electrolysis of the carbon dioxide and the water to generate the methanol; and controlling power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; and the stable operation of a large power grid is ensured.
Preferred example 4:
preparing methanol by electrolysis of a solid polymer electrolytic cell:
the working principle of preparing methanol by electrolyzing carbon dioxide and water is as follows:
and (3) positive pole reaction: 2CO2+12H++12e-＝2CH3OH+2H2O
And (3) cathode reaction: 6H2O＝3O2+12H++12e-
And (3) total reaction: 2CO2+4H2O＝2CH3OH+3O2
Electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to methanol: as shown in fig. 4, the solid polymer bipolar plate electrolyzer is schematically shown, an electrolysis power source 41(401), an electrode plate 41(404), a bipolar electrode plate 42(406), a bipolar electrode plate 43(411), and an electrode plate 4n (408); end pressing plates 41(416), 42 (407); insulating plate 41(417), insulating plate 42 (418); electrical connection lines 41(402), electrical connection lines 42 (403); proton exchange membrane 41(405), proton exchange membrane 42(410), proton exchange membrane 4n-1 (418); input port 41(414), input port 42(415), input port 4n (419); an output port 41(412), an output port 42(413), and an output port 4n (412); the bipolar plate is a positive electrode and a negative electrode; grooves are arranged on the bipolar plate for facilitating water, methanol and CO2Ion transport, diffusion through;
end holding plates 41(416), 42 (407): bearing pressure, and fixing the bipolar electrolytic cell by using screws; can be metal, or alloy, or nonmetal, or high molecular material;
metal oxides are used as catalysts between the electrode plate and the diaphragm or between the bipolar plate and the diaphragm, such as: zinc oxide, or chromium oxide, or copper oxide, or aluminum oxide, or ferric oxide, or ferroferric oxide; or a mixture of partial oxides in zinc oxide, chromium oxide, copper oxide, aluminum oxide, ferric oxide or ferroferric oxide; or zinc oxide, chromium oxide, copper oxide, aluminum oxide, ferric oxide, or partial oxide in ferroferric oxide; or a mixture of metals, metal oxides; or mixtures of carbon particles, metals, metal oxides;
insulating plate 41(417), insulating plate 42(418) function: isolating the end hold down plates 41(416), 42(407) from the cell power supply;
the negative electrode of the electrolysis power source 41(401) is connected with the electrode plate 41(404) through the electric connecting wire 41(402), and the positive electrode of the electrolysis power source 41(401) is connected with the electrode plate 4n (409) through the electric connecting wire 42 (403);
the insulating bolt 41(422), the nut 41(421) and the nut 42(423) are used for fixing the electrolytic cell;
an input port 41(414) for inputting carbon dioxide or water, and generating methanol after electrolysis; the generated methanol is output from an output port 41 (412); obtaining liquid methanol by fractional distillation;
the input port 42(415) inputs water, oxygen is generated through electrolysis, and the output port 42(413) outputs the water to be discharged into air or collects the oxygen;
the electrode plate 41(404) is the negative electrode of the sub-electrolytic cell 41 consisting of the electrode plate 41(404), the proton exchange membrane 41(405) and the bipolar electrode plate 42 (406); the bipolar electrode plate 42(406) is the positive electrode of the sub-electrolytic cell 41 consisting of the electrode plate 41(404), the proton exchange membrane 41(405) and the bipolar electrode plate 42 (406); diaphragm let H+Passing ions; the diaphragm adopts a proton exchange membrane;
the bipolar electrode plate 42(406) is the negative electrode of the sub-electrolytic cell 42 consisting of the bipolar electrode plate 42(406), the proton exchange membrane 42(410) and the bipolar electrode plate 43 (411); the bipolar electrode plate 43(411) is the positive electrode of the sub-electrolytic cell 42 consisting of the bipolar electrode plate 42(406), the proton exchange membrane 42(410) and the bipolar electrode plate 43 (411);
by analogy, the electrode plate 41(404), the proton exchange membrane 41(405), the bipolar electrode plate 42(406), the proton exchange membrane 42(410), the bipolar electrode plate 43(411), the proton exchange membrane 4n-1(418), the electrode plate 4n (408), and n-1 sub-electrolytic cells in the process; n-1 sub-electrolytic cells jointly form a bipolar electrolytic tank; the solid electrolyte bipolar electrolytic cell is a unit; or the bipolar electrolytic cell is two units; or the bipolar electrolyzer is a plurality of units;
advantages of bipolar cells: compact structure, small volume, low cost and high yield; the efficiency is high;
in the power microgrid, the states of various power generation and electric equipment are monitored, and the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol is controlled; and controlling power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; realizing balanced power supply;
in the power grid, the parameters provided by the power internet or a power control system are used for controlling the electrolysis of the carbon dioxide and the water to generate the methanol; and controlling power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; and the stable operation of a large power grid is ensured.
Preferred example 5:
energy storage and carbon dioxide sealing cycle: referring to fig. 5, methanol storage 51(503), carbon dioxide storage 51(504), methanol 51(501) produced by other ways, and carbon dioxide 51(502) produced by other ways;
the carbon dioxide storage 51(504) and the water utilize the 'garbage electric energy' electrolysis to realize the methanol chemical energy storage and the substance storage, namely the carbon dioxide is converted into the methanol to realize the carbon dioxide carbon sealing;
the garbage electricity means: wind power, solar energy and the like, and electric energy which cannot be absorbed by a power grid; or the electric energy which can not be consumed and is generated by the power plant during the valley period;
electrolyzing carbon dioxide and water by using garbage to convert the carbon dioxide and the water into methanol for storage, and realizing carbon dioxide carbon sequestration; converting the electric energy into chemical energy for storage and use at other time;
with the improvement of solar power generation efficiency, the marginal cost of fuel is greatly reduced by utilizing the electrolytic carbon dioxide energy storage technology, so that the energy problem is solved, the pollution problem is solved, and the carbon sequestration problem of greenhouse gas carbon dioxide is solved.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will be able to make various changes and modifications within the scope of the appended claims and also some of the present designs.

Claims (5)

1. Energy storage, carbon sequestration and new forms of energy circulation, characterized by:
the electric energy is converted into energy in other forms, so that the electric energy is convenient to use and easy to convey; however, the electric energy is used as soon as it is generated, the electric energy generated by the electric energy is not consumed in time and is lost due to heat generation on the conductor, for example, part of new energy and part of electric energy generated by the power plant at the power consumption valley stage cannot be consumed in time, and the uncertain energy sources cause impact on the power grid due to uncertain power output, for example, the wind energy power generation power is suddenly increased or decreased along with the wind speed, and even the power grid is possibly collapsed; hereinafter referred to as "garbage electric energy";
recycling the methanol; energy storage circulation; circulating electric energy; carbon sealing and storing;
the hydrocarbon or the hydrocarbon compound is (1) an energy storage medium; (2) a carbon dioxide carbon sequestration medium; the energy in various forms is converted into chemical energy for storage, waste electric energy which cannot be timely consumed and is wasted is used for electrolyzing carbon dioxide and water into hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon compounds for energy storage, and carbon dioxide is sealed and stored; when the electric energy is needed, the chemical energy of the fuel is converted into the electric energy by utilizing the hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon compound fuel cell for use, and the generated carbon dioxide is recovered; material circulation and energy storage are realized;
carbon dioxide is a cyclic intermediate and is temporarily stored; the source is as follows: carbon dioxide in air; carbon dioxide recovered in various daily or factory production processes; recycling carbon dioxide released by the fuel cell; temporary storage of carbon dioxide is realized;
energy storage, carbon sequestration and new energy recycling: the carbon dioxide and water are electrolyzed by using garbage electric energy which cannot be consumed and can be wasted to generate methanol for storage, so that chemical energy storage is realized; realizing carbon dioxide sequestration; when a user needs to supply electric power, the alcohol fuel cell generates electricity as required to meet the human demand; the carbon dioxide and methanol storage has simpler, more economic and safer environmental requirements than the hydrogen storage; zero emission of carbon; simultaneously, carbon dioxide generated by other ways and carbon dioxide in the air are sealed and stored; compared with geological carbon sequestration, the method is safe and has practical economic benefits; i.e. carbon dioxide can sell money; the method has economic benefit and can be really operated well; the garbage electric energy electrolyzes carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol, so that the closed loop of the circulation is realized; the storage of the alcohol provides the human with the energy which can be used at any time, thereby solving the energy crisis of the human;
photolysis of water and carbon dioxide to produce alcohol (101), electrolysis of water and carbon dioxide to produce alcohol (102), industrial production of alcohol (103), and biomass to produce alcohol (104); alcohol storage (105); an alcohol fuel cell (106), an alcohol internal combustion engine (107), and an alcohol combustion furnace (108); carbon dioxide recovery (109);
preparing alcohol:
photolysis of water and carbon dioxide to alcohol (101): the energy of sunlight is utilized to photolyze water and carbon dioxide into alcohol under the combined action of a photolysis catalyst;
electrolyzing water and carbon dioxide to prepare alcohol (102): electrolyzing water and carbon dioxide into alcohol under the action of electric energy; or electrolyzing water and carbon dioxide into alcohol under the combined action of electric energy and a catalyst;
industrial alcohol (103): converting carbonaceous substances into alcohol by utilizing reforming technology by utilizing coal, petroleum, natural gas, biomass and the like;
biomass-to-alcohol (104): the biomass is converted into alcohol by utilizing a fermentation technology or an enzyme technology, or the plant gene modification technology directly generates alcohol from sunlight, carbon dioxide in the air and water by utilizing the photosynthesis of plants or microorganisms;
alcohol storage (105): storing energy and carbon sealing; storing other forms of energy as chemical energy of the alcohol; the alcohols are liquid under normal temperature and normal pressure due to the action of hydrogen bonds, and are easy to store; carbon is sealed and stored, and carbon dioxide in the air is fixed, so that the influence of greenhouse gases on the earth air temperature is reduced, and the carbon dioxide which is discharged in large quantity in the air by human beings since the industrial revolution is reduced; or carbon dioxide produced by the combustion of fossil fuels in factories or homes; or carbon dioxide produced from biomass fuels; or carbon dioxide produced by an alcohol fuel cell or an alcohol internal combustion engine or carbon dioxide produced by an alcohol combustion furnace; or carbon dioxide produced by the operation of a gasoline or diesel internal combustion engine;
the methanol can be stored in a universal container, stored, transported and sold in an oil depot and petroleum transportation equipment; unlike hydrogen which requires high pressure or extremely low temperature; the stored energy density of the methanol is high;
the manner of using alcohols: an alcohol fuel cell (106), or an alcohol internal combustion engine (107), or an alcohol combustion furnace (108); converting chemical energy stored in the alcohols into an energy form required by a user for human use;
alcohol fuel cell (106): converting chemical energy into electric energy in a fuel cell for human use by utilizing the reaction of alcohol and oxygen in the air;
alcohol internal combustion engine (107): alcohol and oxygen in the air are combusted in the internal combustion engine to generate power for human use;
alcohol burner (108): the alcohol is combusted with oxygen in the air to generate heat energy for human use;
purpose of electrolytic alcohol production: converting garbage electric energy into chemical energy for storage, realizing redundant electric energy storage, and simultaneously realizing carbon dioxide fixation and carbon sequestration;
peak clipping and valley filling: alcohol energy storage new energy circulation: electrolyzing the water and the carbon dioxide to prepare alcohol; or photolysis of water and carbon dioxide to make alcohol; or reforming fossil fuel to produce alcohol; or biomass to alcohol; storing alcohol; an alcohol fuel cell; recovering carbon dioxide generated by the alcohol fuel cell;
preparing alcohol by electrolysis: electrolyzing water and carbon dioxide by using electric energy to generate alcohol substances so as to convert the electric energy into chemical energy for storage;
or photolytic alcohol: the water and carbon dioxide are photolyzed by light energy to generate alcohol substances such as methanol, ethanol and the like, and the light energy is converted into chemical energy to be stored;
carbon dioxide sources for electrolytic or photolytic alcohol production: (1) directly utilizing carbon dioxide in the air; (2) carbon dioxide recovered using an alcohol fuel cell; (3) carbon dioxide which is a product or byproduct of industrial production is utilized; (4) carbon dioxide generated by burning fuel in the life of residents;
or fossil fuel reforming to alcohol: reforming coal, petroleum, natural gas, combustible ice and the like to prepare alcohol;
in the power microgrid, the states of various power generation and electric equipment are monitored, and the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol is controlled; and controlling power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; thereby realizing the balanced power supply of the microgrid electric energy; the power microgrid can be applied to families, automobiles, islands and the like;
in the power grid, the parameters provided by the power internet or a power control system are used for controlling the electrolysis of the carbon dioxide and the water to generate the methanol; and controlling power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; therefore, the balanced power supply of the electric energy of the large power grid is realized;
an alkaline electrolytic cell for electrolyzing water and carbon dioxide to prepare alcohol;
electrolyzing carbon dioxide to generate methanol by using an alkaline bipolar electrolytic cell;
preparing methanol by electrolysis in a solid polymer electrolytic cell;
methanol energy storage and carbon dioxide sealing circulation;
the advantages of the alcohol energy storage new energy cycle and the hydrogen energy storage cycle are as follows:
(1) the alcohol energy storage new energy cycle and the hydrogen energy storage cycle of the invention are the same with zero emission of carbon dioxide: because carbon dioxide is consumed to prepare alcohol during alcohol preparation, the carbon dioxide generated by the alcohol fuel cell is recovered by the recovery device and is used during alcohol preparation by electrolysis or alcohol photolysis, the closed-loop operation of the carbon dioxide is realized, and zero emission of the carbon dioxide is realized;
(2) boiling point of hydrogen-252.77 deg.C; critical temperature-234.9 deg.C, at which, under the action of a pressure higher than the critical temperature, no hydrogen can be liquefied; and critical temperature of carbon dioxide: 304.2K; the carbon dioxide is easy to store after being liquefied;
(3) the storage difficulty of carbon dioxide and alcohol fuels is much smaller than that of hydrogen;
(4) the storage difficulty of carbon dioxide and alcohol fuels is much lower than that of hydrogen, so that the cost is much lower;
(5) the storage difficulty of carbon dioxide and alcohol fuels is much higher than that of hydrogen, and the density of stored energy is much higher;
(6) the storage difficulty of carbon dioxide and alcohol fuels is much safer than that of hydrogen: and can realize carbon fixation smoothly, namely carbon dioxide fixation, and carbon sequestration.
2. The energy storage, carbon sequestration, and new energy cycle of claim 1, wherein:
an alkaline electrolytic cell for electrolyzing water and carbon dioxide to prepare alcohol: the electrolysis power supply 21(201), the lead 21(202), the cathode plate 21(205), the electrolyte 21(204), the carbon dioxide inlet pipe 21(210), the electrolysis bath 21(206), the diaphragm 21(208), the electrolyte 22(209), the anode plate 21(207) and the lead 22 (203);
the negative electrode of the electrolysis power supply 21(201) is connected to the cathode plate 21(205) through a lead 21 (202); the anode of the electrolysis power supply 21(201) is connected to the anode plate 21(207) through a lead 22 (203); the electrolyte 21(204) is an alkaline aqueous solution, such as NaOH, KOH, or LiOH aqueous solution;
the diaphragm 21(208) divides the electrolytic cell 21(206) into two parts;
a carbon dioxide introducing pipe 21(210) for introducing carbon dioxide into the electrolyte 21(204) solution containing OH-Ion, CO3 2-Ions, cations, H+Ions;
electrolytic half-reaction equation of cathode:
10H2O+12e-+2CO2＝2CH3OH+12OH-
or 8H2O+12e-+2H2CO3＝2CH3OH+12OH-
Electrolytic half-reaction equation of anode:
12OH-＝3O2+6H2O+12e-
the overall reaction equation:
4H2O+2CO2＝2CH3OH+3O2
or 2H2O+2H2CO3＝2CH3OH+3O2
The anode plate 21(207), and cathode plate 21(205) may be made of metal, or alloy, or graphite;
a catalyst for increasing the reaction speed of electrolyzing carbon dioxide to generate methanol; a catalyst metal, or a metal oxide; or a mixture of oxides; or a mixture of metals, metal oxides; or mixtures of carbon particles, metals, metal oxides;
the catalyst adheres to the anode plate 21(207), or the cathode plate 21 (205);
or the catalyst adheres to the cathode material between the cathode plate 21(205) and the separator 21 (208); cathode material nanoparticles such as carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, silicon nanoparticles;
or the catalyst adheres to the anode substance between the anode plate 21(207) and the separator 21 (208); anode substance nanoparticles such as carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, silicon nanoparticles;
the diaphragm 21(208) is made of asbestos, polysulfone, nickel oxide, or the like;
the boiling point of the methanol under the standard atmospheric pressure is 64.7 ℃, the temperature is controlled to be between 64.7 ℃ and 100 ℃, the methanol is distilled, and the methanol and the water can be separated to obtain methanol liquid;
in the power microgrid, the states of various power generation and electric equipment are monitored, and the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol is controlled; and controlling power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; realizing balanced power supply;
in the power grid, the parameters provided by the power internet or a power control system are used for controlling the electrolysis of the carbon dioxide and the water to generate the methanol; and controlling power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; and the stable operation of a large power grid is ensured.
3. The energy storage, carbon sequestration, and new energy cycle of claim 1, wherein:
electrolyzing carbon dioxide to generate methanol by using an alkaline bipolar electrolyzer: a bipolar plate electrolytic tank schematic diagram, an electrolytic power supply 31(301), an electrode plate 31(304), a bipolar electrode plate 32(306), a bipolar electrode plate 33(311) and an electrode plate 3n (308); end pressing plates 31(316), 32 (307); insulating plate 31(317), insulating plate 32 (318); electrical connection lines 31(302), electrical connection lines 32 (303); septum 31(305), septum 32(310), septum 3n-1 (318); input port 31(314), input port 32(315), input port 3n (319); output port 31(312), output port 32(313), output port 3n (312); the bipolar plate is a positive electrode and a negative electrode; grooves are arranged on the bipolar plate for facilitating water, methanol and CO2Ion transport, diffusion through;
end pressing plates 31(316), 32 (307): bearing pressure, and fixing the bipolar electrolytic cell by using screws; can be metal, or alloy, or nonmetal, or high molecular material;
catalyst, catalyst metal or metal oxide, is arranged between the electrode plate and the diaphragm or between the bipolar plate and the diaphragm; or a mixture of oxides; or a mixture of metals, metal oxides; or mixtures of carbon particles, metals, metal oxides;
insulating plate 31(317), insulating plate 32(318) function: isolating the end hold down plates 31(316), the end hold down plates 32(307) from the cell power supply;
the negative pole of the electrolysis power supply 31(301) is connected with the electrode plate 31(304) through the electric connecting wire 31(302), and the positive pole of the electrolysis power supply 31(301) is connected with the electrode plate 3n (309) through the electric connecting wire 32 (303);
the insulating bolt 31(322), the nut 31(321), and the nut 32(323) are used for fixing the electrolytic bath; the bipolar electrolytic cell is provided with a plurality of groups of nuts and bolts for fixing the electrolytic cell, so that the stability of the electrolytic cell is ensured;
an input port 31(314) is used for inputting carbon dioxide or water and generating methanol after electrolysis; the generated methanol is output from an output port 31 (312); obtaining liquid methanol by fractional distillation;
the input port 32(315) inputs water, oxygen is generated through electrolysis, and the output port 32(313) outputs the water to be discharged into air or collects the oxygen;
the electrode plate 31(304) is the negative electrode of the sub-electrolytic cell 31 consisting of the electrode plate 31(304), the diaphragm 31(305) and the bipolar electrode plate 32 (306); the bipolar electrode plate 32(306) is the positive electrode of the sub-electrolytic cell 31 consisting of the electrode plate 31(304), the diaphragm 31(305) and the bipolar electrode plate 32 (306); the membrane lets OH-Ions, or water molecules pass through; the diaphragm is made of asbestos, polysulfone, nickel oxide or the like;
the bipolar electrode plate 32(306) is the negative electrode of the sub-electrolytic cell 32 consisting of the bipolar electrode plate 32(306), the diaphragm 32(310) and the bipolar electrode plate 33 (311); the bipolar electrode plate 33(311) is the positive electrode of the sub-electrolytic cell 32 consisting of the bipolar electrode plate 32(306), the diaphragm 32(310) and the bipolar electrode plate 33 (311);
by analogy, the electrode plate 31(304), the diaphragm 31(305), the bipolar electrode plate 32(306), the diaphragm 32(310), the bipolar electrode plate 33(311), the diaphragm 3n-1(318), the electrode plate 3n (308) and n-1 sub-electrolytic cells in the process; n-1 sub-electrolytic cells jointly form a bipolar electrolytic tank;
the alkaline bipolar electrolyzer is a unit; or the bipolar electrolytic cell is two units; or the bipolar electrolyzer is a plurality of units;
advantages of bipolar cells: compact structure, small volume, low cost and high yield;
in the power microgrid, the states of various power generation and electric equipment are monitored, and the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol is controlled; and controlling power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; realizing balanced power supply;
in the power grid, the parameters provided by the power internet or a power control system are used for controlling the electrolysis of the carbon dioxide and the water to generate the methanol; and controlling power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; and the stable operation of a large power grid is ensured.
4. The energy storage, carbon sequestration, and new energy cycle of claim 1, wherein:
preparing methanol by electrolysis of a solid polymer electrolytic cell:
the working principle of preparing methanol by electrolyzing carbon dioxide and water is as follows:
and (3) positive pole reaction: 2CO2+12H++12e-＝2CH3OH+2H2O
And (3) cathode reaction: 6H2O＝3O2+12H++12e-
And (3) total reaction: 2CO2+4H2O＝2CH3OH+3O2
Electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to methanol: an electrolysis power supply 41(401), an electrode plate 41(404), a bipolar electrode plate 42(406), a bipolar electrode plate 43(411) and an electrode plate 4n (408); end pressing plates 41(416), 42 (407); insulating plate 41(417), insulating plate 42 (418); electrical connection lines 41(402), electrical connection lines 42 (403); proton exchange membrane 41(405), proton exchange membrane 42(410), proton exchange membrane 4n-1 (418); input port 41(414), input port 42(415), input port 4n (419); an output port 41(412), an output port 42(413), and an output port 4n (412); the bipolar plate is a positive electrode and a negative electrode;grooves are arranged on the bipolar plate for facilitating water, methanol and CO2Ion transport, diffusion through;
end holding plates 41(416), 42 (407): bearing pressure, and fixing the bipolar electrolytic cell by using screws; can be metal, or alloy, or nonmetal, or high molecular material;
metal oxide as catalyst between the electrode plate and the diaphragm or between the bipolar plate and the diaphragm; or a mixture of oxides; or a mixture of metals, metal oxides; or mixtures of carbon particles, metals, metal oxides;
insulating plate 41(417), insulating plate 42(418) function: isolating the end hold down plates 41(416), 42(407) from the cell power supply;
the negative electrode of the electrolysis power source 41(401) is connected with the electrode plate 41(404) through the electric connecting wire 41(402), and the positive electrode of the electrolysis power source 41(401) is connected with the electrode plate 4n (409) through the electric connecting wire 42 (403);
the insulating bolt 41(422), the nut 41(421) and the nut 42(423) are used for fixing the electrolytic cell;
an input port 41(414) for inputting carbon dioxide or water, and generating methanol after electrolysis; the generated methanol is output from an output port 41 (412); obtaining liquid methanol by fractional distillation;
the input port 42(415) inputs water, oxygen is generated through electrolysis, and the output port 42(413) outputs the water to be discharged into air or collects the oxygen;
the electrode plate 41(404) is the negative electrode of the sub-electrolytic cell 41 consisting of the electrode plate 41(404), the proton exchange membrane 41(405) and the bipolar electrode plate 42 (406); the bipolar electrode plate 42(406) is the positive electrode of the sub-electrolytic cell 41 consisting of the electrode plate 41(404), the proton exchange membrane 41(405) and the bipolar electrode plate 42 (406); diaphragm let H+Passing ions; the diaphragm adopts a proton exchange membrane;
the bipolar electrode plate 42(406) is the negative electrode of the sub-electrolytic cell 42 consisting of the bipolar electrode plate 42(406), the proton exchange membrane 42(410) and the bipolar electrode plate 43 (411); the bipolar electrode plate 43(411) is the positive electrode of the sub-electrolytic cell 42 consisting of the bipolar electrode plate 42(406), the proton exchange membrane 42(410) and the bipolar electrode plate 43 (411);
by analogy, the electrode plate 41(404), the proton exchange membrane 41(405), the bipolar electrode plate 42(406), the proton exchange membrane 42(410), the bipolar electrode plate 43(411), the proton exchange membrane 4n-1(418), the electrode plate 4n (408), and n-1 sub-electrolytic cells in the process; n-1 sub-electrolytic cells jointly form a bipolar electrolytic tank;
the solid electrolyte bipolar electrolytic cell is a unit; or the bipolar electrolytic cell is two units; or the bipolar electrolyzer is a plurality of units;
advantages of bipolar cells: compact structure, small volume, low cost and high yield; the efficiency is high;
in the power microgrid, the states of various power generation and electric equipment are monitored, and the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol is controlled; and controlling power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; realizing balanced power supply;
in the power grid, the parameters provided by the power internet or a power control system are used for controlling the electrolysis of the carbon dioxide and the water to generate the methanol; and controlling power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; and the stable operation of a large power grid is ensured.
5. The energy storage, carbon sequestration, and new energy cycle of claim 1, wherein:
energy storage and carbon dioxide sealing cycle: methanol storage 51(503), carbon dioxide storage 51(504), methanol 51(501) produced by other ways, and carbon dioxide 51(502) produced by other ways;
the carbon dioxide storage 51(504) and the water utilize the 'garbage electric energy' electrolysis to realize the methanol chemical energy storage and the substance storage, namely the carbon dioxide is converted into the methanol to realize the carbon dioxide carbon sealing;
the garbage electricity means: wind power, solar energy and the like, and electric energy which cannot be absorbed by a power grid; or the electric energy which can not be consumed and is generated by the power plant during the valley period;
electrolyzing carbon dioxide and water by using garbage to convert the carbon dioxide and the water into methanol for storage, and realizing carbon dioxide carbon sequestration; converting the electric energy into chemical energy for storage and use at other time;
with the improvement of solar power generation efficiency, the marginal cost of fuel is greatly reduced by utilizing the electrolytic carbon dioxide energy storage technology, so that the energy problem is solved, the pollution problem is solved, and the carbon sequestration problem of greenhouse gas carbon dioxide is solved.
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