CN113587552A - Air separation system and air separation method utilizing LNG cold energy - Google Patents

Air separation system and air separation method utilizing LNG cold energy Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113587552A
CN113587552A CN202110794938.5A CN202110794938A CN113587552A CN 113587552 A CN113587552 A CN 113587552A CN 202110794938 A CN202110794938 A CN 202110794938A CN 113587552 A CN113587552 A CN 113587552A
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nitrogen
heat exchanger
main
box unit
argon
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CN202110794938.5A
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CN113587552B (en
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黄科
温光林
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Sichuan Air Separation Plant Group Co ltd
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Sichuan Air Separation Plant Group Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/044—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a single pressure main column system only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
    • F25J3/04054—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
    • F25J3/0406—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04218—Parallel arrangement of the main heat exchange line in cores having different functions, e.g. in low pressure and high pressure cores
    • F25J3/04224—Cores associated with a liquefaction or refrigeration cycle
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    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04254—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using the cold stored in external cryogenic fluids
    • F25J3/0426—The cryogenic component does not participate in the fractionation
    • F25J3/04266—The cryogenic component does not participate in the fractionation and being liquefied hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04333—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/04351—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04642—Recovering noble gases from air
    • F25J3/04648—Recovering noble gases from air argon
    • F25J3/04654—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column
    • F25J3/0466—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column or auxiliary column system in a single pressure main column system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J3/04721—Producing pure argon, e.g. recovered from a crude argon column
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04642—Recovering noble gases from air
    • F25J3/04648—Recovering noble gases from air argon
    • F25J3/04721—Producing pure argon, e.g. recovered from a crude argon column
    • F25J3/04727—Producing pure argon, e.g. recovered from a crude argon column using an auxiliary pure argon column for nitrogen rejection
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04787—Heat exchange, e.g. main heat exchange line; Subcooler, external reboiler-condenser
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
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    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04793—Rectification, e.g. columns; Reboiler-condenser
    • F25J3/048—Argon recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
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    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04872—Vertical layout of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, heat exchangers etc.
    • F25J3/04878—Side by side arrangement of multiple vessels in a main column system, wherein the vessels are normally mounted one upon the other or forming different sections of the same column
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    • F25J2200/76—Refluxing the column with condensed overhead gas being cycled in a quasi-closed loop refrigeration cycle
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    • F25J2215/42—Nitrogen or special cases, e.g. multiple or low purity N2
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    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/50—Oxygen or special cases, e.g. isotope-mixtures or low purity O2
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    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/58—Argon
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/02—Internal refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an air separation system and an air separation method utilizing LNG cold energy, wherein an LNG cold box unit provides LNG cold energy for a main heat exchanger cold box unit and a main tower cold box unit, so that cooling liquefaction of air and nitrogen is realized; the main heat exchanger cold box unit cools low-pressure purified air and pressure nitrogen, the low-pressure purified air is sent to a main tower for rectification and purification, liquid oxygen is obtained at the bottom of the tower, the nitrogen is obtained at the top of the tower, an argon fraction is obtained in the tower, and the argon fraction is sent to an argon extraction part; the argon extraction part is used for deoxidizing, denitriding and rectifying the argon fraction to obtain liquid argon; and circulating nitrogen and liquid nitrogen among the LNG cold box unit, the main heat exchanger cold box unit and the main tower cold box unit for circulating transmission so as to transfer the cold energy of the LNG and obtain part of liquid nitrogen products. The system and the method adopt single-tower rectification, fully utilize LNG cold energy to produce oxygen, nitrogen and argon products, cancel the conventional rectification lower tower, save more investment, simplify operation and maintenance, and have low energy consumption and high safety.

Description

Air separation system and air separation method utilizing LNG cold energy
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air separation processes, in particular to an air separation system and an air separation method utilizing LNG cold energy.
Background
The LNG cold energy air separation is used as an LNG cold energy utilization mode, and has the characteristics of low energy consumption, high profit and the like, so that the LNG cold energy air separation is widely popularized and applied to LNG receiving stations. And new LNG cold energy air separation technology is continuously explored and optimized.
The LNG cold energy air separation system mainly takes circulating nitrogen as an intermediate medium for cold energy transfer, and uses an air separation rectifying tower to liquefy, separate and purify purified air so as to obtain a corresponding gas product. The circulating liquid nitrogen transfers the cold energy from the LNG to the air separation cold box system, and simultaneously provides large reflux liquid for the air separation rectifying tower, so that the circulating liquid nitrogen has large rectifying potential and can be exploited. However, the current LNG cold energy air separation system is too complex in process organization, the air separation rectifying tower is a double-stage rectifying tower, the internal reflux is complex, the rectifying potential of reflux liquid is not fully utilized, the operation pressure is high, the energy consumption is high, the investment of equipment facilities of the LNG cold energy air separation system is large, the operation energy consumption is high, and the operation and maintenance are complex.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an air separation system and an air separation method utilizing LNG cold energy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an air separation system utilizing LNG cold energy, comprising:
the system comprises an LNG cold box unit, a main heat exchanger cold box unit, a main tower cold box unit, a low-pressure nitrogen press and a circulating nitrogen press;
the LNG cold box unit is connected with the main tower cold box unit through a circulating liquid nitrogen pipeline;
the main tower cold box unit is connected with the main heat exchanger cold box unit through a low-pressure purified air pipeline, a circulating nitrogen pipeline, a low-pressure nitrogen pipeline and a sewage nitrogen pipeline;
the main heat exchanger cold box unit is connected with the LNG cold box unit through a circulating nitrogen pipeline and a low-pressure nitrogen pipeline;
the low-pressure nitrogen press is respectively connected with the LNG cold box unit and the main heat exchanger cold box unit through the low-pressure nitrogen pipeline and the pressure nitrogen pipeline;
the circulating nitrogen compressor is connected with the LNG cold box unit through the circulating nitrogen pipeline;
the main tower cold box unit comprises a liquid nitrogen gas liquid separator, a liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger, a main evaporator, a main tower, a subcooler and an argon extraction part;
the liquid nitrogen gas-liquid separator is respectively connected with the LNG cold box unit and the subcooler through a circulating liquid nitrogen pipeline and is connected with the main heat exchanger cold box unit through a circulating nitrogen gas pipeline;
the liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger is respectively connected with the liquid nitrogen-gas liquid separator and the main heat exchanger cold box unit through the circulating liquid nitrogen pipeline and the circulating nitrogen pipeline, and is connected with the main heat exchanger cold box unit and the subcooler through the pressure nitrogen pipeline;
the main evaporator is arranged at the bottom of the main tower, is connected with the cold box unit of the main heat exchanger through the pressure nitrogen pipeline and is connected with the subcooler through the pressure liquid nitrogen pipeline;
the main tower is connected with the main heat exchanger cold box unit through a low-pressure purified air pipeline and is connected with the argon extraction part through a pipeline;
and the subcooler is connected with the main tower and the main heat exchanger cold box unit through the low-pressure nitrogen pipeline and the waste nitrogen pipeline and is connected with the main tower through the pressure liquid nitrogen pipeline.
In one embodiment of the present application, the argon extraction section includes a first crude argon column, a second crude argon column, a crude argon condenser, a circulating argon pump, a pure argon column, a pure argon condenser, and a pure argon evaporator:
the first crude argon tower is respectively connected with the main tower and the second crude argon tower through pipelines;
the crude argon condenser is arranged at the top of the second crude argon tower, is connected with the subcooler through the pressure liquid nitrogen pipeline and is connected with the pure argon tower through a pipeline;
the circulating argon pump is arranged between the first crude argon tower and the second crude argon tower, the inlet end of the circulating argon pump is connected with the lower part of the second crude argon tower through a pipeline, and the outlet end of the circulating argon pump is connected with the upper part of the first crude argon tower through a pipeline;
the pure argon condenser is arranged at the upper part of the pure argon tower and is connected with the subcooler through the pressure liquid nitrogen pipeline;
the pure argon evaporator is arranged at the lower part of the pure argon tower and is connected with the main heat exchanger cold box unit and the main tower through the pressure nitrogen pipeline.
In one embodiment of the present application, the LNG cold box unit includes an LNG heat exchanger and a liquid nitrogen subcooler:
the LNG heat exchanger is connected with the main heat exchanger cold box unit and the circulating nitrogen press through the circulating nitrogen pipeline, and is connected with the main heat exchanger cold box unit and the low-pressure nitrogen press through the low-pressure nitrogen pipeline;
and the nitrogen subcooler is connected with the LNG heat exchanger and is connected with the main tower cold box unit through the circulating liquid nitrogen pipeline.
In one embodiment of the present application, the primary heat exchanger cold box unit comprises a primary heat exchanger;
the main heat exchanger is connected with the LNG heat exchanger through a low-pressure nitrogen pipeline and a circulating nitrogen pipeline and is connected with the low-pressure nitrogen press through a pressure nitrogen pipeline;
and the main heat exchanger is connected with the main tower through a low-pressure purified air pipeline, is connected with the liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger, the main evaporator and the pure argon evaporator through a pressure nitrogen pipeline, is connected with the liquid nitrogen-gas liquid separator and the liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger through a circulating nitrogen pipeline, and is connected with the subcooler through a low-pressure nitrogen pipeline and a waste nitrogen pipeline.
In an embodiment of the present application, the low-pressure nitrogen compressor is configured to pressurize the low-pressure nitrogen from the main tower, the pressurized nitrogen is divided into two parts, one part enters the main evaporator and the pure argon evaporator after being cooled by the main heat exchanger, and provides a heat source for the main evaporator and the pure argon evaporator, and the other part merges into the circulating gas pipeline to supplement the circulating nitrogen;
the circulating nitrogen press is used for pressurizing circulating nitrogen from the circulating nitrogen pipeline.
An air separation method based on the air separation system utilizing the LNG cold energy comprises the following steps:
the LNG cold box unit provides cold energy generated by LNG vaporization for the main heat exchanger cold box unit and the main tower of the main tower cold box unit so as to realize cooling liquefaction of air and nitrogen;
the main heat exchanger cold box unit cools low-pressure purified air and pressure nitrogen and sends the low-pressure purified air to the main tower;
the main tower is used for rectifying and purifying the cooled low-pressure purified air, liquid oxygen is obtained at the bottom of the main tower, nitrogen is obtained at the top of the main tower, an argon fraction is obtained in the middle of the main tower, and the argon fraction is sent to the argon extraction part;
the argon extraction section deoxidizes, denitrifies and rectifies an argon fraction from the main column, thereby obtaining liquid argon;
and the circulating nitrogen and the liquid nitrogen are circularly transmitted among the LNG cold box unit, the main heat exchanger cold box unit and the main tower cold box unit so as to transfer the cold energy of LNG vaporization and obtain part of liquid nitrogen products.
In an embodiment of the present application, the low-pressure purified air purified by the molecular sieve adsorber is cooled by the main heat exchanger and then enters the main tower for rectification and purification:
obtaining liquid oxygen at a main evaporator at the bottom of the main tower, and sending the liquid oxygen to a liquid oxygen storage tank after the liquid oxygen is supercooled by the subcooler;
obtaining low-pressure nitrogen gas at the top of the main tower, wherein the low-pressure nitrogen gas sequentially passes through the subcooler and the main heat exchanger for reheating, the reheated low-pressure nitrogen gas enters the LNG heat exchanger for cooling, the cooled low-pressure nitrogen gas is pressurized by the low-pressure nitrogen compressor, the pressurized nitrogen gas is divided into two parts, one part of the nitrogen gas is gathered into a circulating nitrogen gas pipeline of the LNG cold box unit to be used as supplement of circulating nitrogen gas, the other part of the nitrogen gas enters the main heat exchanger for cooling, the nitrogen gas cooled by the main heat exchanger is divided into three parts, one part of the nitrogen gas enters the pure argon evaporator to be used as a heat source, the other part of the nitrogen gas enters the liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger to be subjected to heat exchange liquefaction with circulating liquid nitrogen from the LNG cold box unit, the other part of the nitrogen gas enters the main evaporator to be subjected to heat exchange liquefaction with liquid oxygen, and the liquefied liquid nitrogen and the liquefied gas and the liquid nitrogen from the liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger are gathered into the subcooler to be subcooled, the supercooled liquid nitrogen is divided into three parts, wherein one part of the supercooled liquid nitrogen is sent to the top of the main tower to be used as reflux liquid, the other part of the supercooled liquid nitrogen is used as a cold source of the crude argon condenser and the pure argon condenser, and the rest part of the supercooled liquid nitrogen is used as a liquid nitrogen product and is sent to a liquid nitrogen storage tank;
obtaining polluted nitrogen at the upper part of the main tower, wherein the polluted nitrogen is reheated by the subcooler and the main heat exchanger and then is used as the regeneration gas of the molecular sieve adsorber;
and obtaining an argon fraction in the middle of the main column, and rectifying the argon fraction by the first crude argon column, the second crude argon column and the pure argon column to obtain a pure argon product.
In an embodiment of the present application, the circulating liquid nitrogen from the LNG cold box unit enters the liquid nitrogen separator after throttling, and the separated liquid phase is divided into two streams:
one strand of the nitrogen enters the liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger to exchange heat with pressure nitrogen from the low-pressure nitrogen compressor after being cooled by the main heat exchanger, the vaporized nitrogen is converged with circulating nitrogen separated by the liquid nitrogen-gas separator and then enters the main heat exchanger, and the nitrogen is reheated by the main heat exchanger and then returns to the LNG cold box unit as circulating nitrogen;
and the other is subcooled by the subcooler and then is transmitted to a liquid nitrogen storage tank as a liquid nitrogen product.
In one embodiment of the present application, the circulating nitrogen gas from the main heat exchanger cold box unit and the pressure nitrogen gas from the low-pressure nitrogen compressor are merged and then enter the LNG heat exchanger for cooling, and after cooling to a predetermined temperature, the circulating nitrogen gas is merged with the medium-pressure nitrogen gas which is throttled and returned from the liquid nitrogen subcooler and reheated by the LNG heat exchanger, the merged nitrogen gas enters the first section of the circulating nitrogen compressor for pressurization, and after pressurization, the nitrogen gas enters the LNG heat exchanger for cooling and liquefaction, and after cooling and liquefaction, the condensed nitrogen gas enters the second section of the circulating nitrogen compressor for pressurization;
the circulating liquid nitrogen supercooled by the liquid nitrogen subcooler is divided into three strands, and one strand of circulating liquid nitrogen is sent to the main tower cold box unit to provide cold energy for the main tower cold box unit; one strand of the throttling liquid returns to the liquid nitrogen subcooler for reheating vaporization, enters the LNG heat exchanger for reheating continuously after the reheating vaporization, then enters a first section inlet of the circulating nitrogen compressor after being merged with the circulating nitrogen; and the other strand is throttled and returned to the liquid nitrogen subcooler for reheating vaporization, enters the LNG heat exchanger for reheating after reheating vaporization, is then converged with medium-pressure nitrogen gas which is pressurized at the first section of the circulating nitrogen compressor and cooled by the LNG heat exchanger, and enters the second section of the circulating nitrogen compressor after being converged.
In one embodiment herein, the argon fraction from the middle portion of the main column is passed to the first crude argon column for deoxygenation; then the crude argon enters the second crude argon tower and is subjected to denitrification treatment through the second crude argon tower and a crude argon condenser; after denitrification treatment, the argon enters the pure argon tower, and is rectified by the pure argon tower, a pure argon condenser and a pure argon evaporator to obtain a liquid argon product;
and the crude argon liquid at the lower part of the second crude argon tower can be subjected to circulating deoxidation and denitrification treatment towards the upper part of the crude argon tower through the circulating argon pump.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the air separation system is provided with an LNG cold box unit, a main heat exchanger cold box unit, a main tower cold box unit, a low-pressure nitrogen press, a circulating nitrogen press and the like, wherein the main tower cold box unit adopts single-tower rectification which is different from a conventional double-tower (lower tower and upper tower) rectification air separation system, and the single tower (main tower) has no conventional rectification lower tower but only an upper tower; a main evaporator is arranged at the bottom of the main tower, and a heat source is pressure nitrogen which is cooled by a main heat exchanger and is from an outlet of the low-pressure nitrogen compressor; the main tower is not provided with a tower top condenser, the tower top cooling medium is pressure liquid nitrogen which is from the outlet of the low-pressure nitrogen compressor, is cooled by the main heat exchanger and the liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger and is discharged by the main evaporator, and is directly filled into the tower top of the main tower after being supercooled by the cooler. The air separation system fully utilizes the high reflux ratio of LNG cold energy to carry out liquefaction, separation and purification of oxygen, nitrogen and argon on low-pressure purified air with the pressure far lower than that of conventional purified air, and liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon and corresponding gas products are obtained.
2. Because there is no liquid-air middle distillate at the bottom of the lower column of the conventional rectification in the air separation system, the crude argon condenser in the argon extraction part adopts liquid nitrogen as a cold source, so that the accumulation of hydrocarbons can be effectively avoided, and the safety is higher.
3. The air separation system cancels a conventional lower rectifying tower, reduces the height of a cold box unit of an air separation main tower, and has higher safety and lower equipment cost; the starting time of the device is shortened, the operation and maintenance are simpler, the cooling speed and the purification speed are higher when the device is started, the stopping, liquid discharging and heating reheating time is shorter, and the operation response is more flexible.
4. The air separation system has low energy consumption and less equipment investment. Because low-pressure purified air is used, the exhaust pressure of an air compressor matched with the system is low, the number of stages of the air compressor is small, and the energy consumption is low; the low-pressure nitrogen gas out of the main heat exchanger is sent to the LNG heat exchanger to be continuously cooled, so that the temperature of the nitrogen gas entering the low-pressure nitrogen compressor is lower, the heat exchange temperature difference of the main heat exchanger is optimized, and the energy consumption is lower.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air separation system using LNG cold energy according to the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. an LNG cold box unit; 2. a switching heat cooler unit; 3. a main tower cold box unit; 31. an argon extraction section; e01, LNG heat exchanger; e02, a liquid nitrogen subcooler; e03, main heat exchanger; e04, liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger; e05, a subcooler; NC01, low pressure nitrogen press; NC02, circulating nitrogen press; v01, a liquid nitrogen gas liquid separator; k01, main evaporator; c02, main column; c71, a first crude argon column; c72, a second crude argon column; c73, pure argon column; k71, crude argon condenser; k72, pure argon condenser; k73, pure argon evaporator; P71A/B, circulating argon pump.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only examples of some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of an air separation system using LNG cold energy, and in particular, a schematic structural diagram of an air separation system using LNG cold energy to produce liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, and liquid argon by single-tower rectification. The air separation system comprises an LNG cold box unit 1, a main heat exchanger cold box unit 2, a main tower cold box unit 3, a low-pressure nitrogen compressor NC01, a circulating nitrogen compressor NC02 and the like.
Wherein, LNG cold box unit 1 is connected with main tower cold box unit 3 through circulating liquid nitrogen pipeline. The cold energy generated by the vaporization of LNG in the LNG cold box unit 1 is transferred to the circulating nitrogen gas, so that the circulating nitrogen gas is cooled and liquefied to provide cold energy for the main tower cold box unit 3.
The main tower cold box unit 3 is connected with the main heat exchanger cold box unit 2 through a low-pressure purified air pipeline, a circulating nitrogen pipeline, a low-pressure nitrogen pipeline and a sewage nitrogen pipeline. The main heat exchanger cold box unit 2 is provided with a low-pressure purified air inlet, the low-pressure purified air inlet is connected with a molecular sieve adsorber and an air compressor outlet through pipelines to provide continuous low-pressure purified air for an air separation system, and the low-pressure purified air is cooled by the main heat exchanger cold box unit 2 and then sent to the main tower cold box unit 3 to be liquefied, separated and purified.
The main heat exchanger cold box unit 2 is connected with the LNG cold box unit 1 through a circulating nitrogen pipeline and a low-pressure nitrogen pipeline.
The outlet end of the low-pressure nitrogen compressor NC01 is connected with the LNG cold box unit 1 and the main heat exchanger cold box unit 2 through a pressure nitrogen pipeline; the inlet end of the low-pressure nitrogen press NC01 is connected with a low-pressure nitrogen pipeline which comes from the main heat exchanger cold box unit 2 and passes through the LNG cold box unit 1, namely the temperature of the low-pressure nitrogen entering the low-pressure nitrogen press NC01 is low, and the running energy consumption of the low-pressure nitrogen press NC01 can be effectively reduced.
And the circulating nitrogen compressor NC02 is connected with the LNG cold box unit 1 through a circulating nitrogen pipeline and used for pressurizing nitrogen in the circulating nitrogen pipeline.
The main column cold box unit 3 includes a liquid nitrogen gas-liquid separator V01, a liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger E04, a main evaporator K01, a main column C02, a subcooler E05, an argon extraction section 31, and the like.
The liquid nitrogen gas-liquid separator V01 is connected with the LNG cold box unit 1 and the subcooler E05 through a circulating liquid nitrogen pipeline, and is connected with the main heat exchanger cold box unit 2 through a circulating nitrogen gas pipeline. Circulating liquid nitrogen supplied by the LNG cold box unit 1 is subjected to gas-liquid separation through a liquid nitrogen separator V01, the liquid nitrogen is discharged from a circulating liquid nitrogen pipeline below a liquid nitrogen separator V01, part of the liquid nitrogen is discharged to a subcooler E05 to be subcooled to be discharged out of a cold box as a liquid nitrogen product, and the liquid nitrogen product is sent to a liquid nitrogen storage tank; nitrogen was discharged from the circulating nitrogen line above the liquid nitrogen separator V01 to the main heat exchanger cold box unit 2 as circulating nitrogen.
The liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger E04 is respectively connected with the liquid nitrogen-gas separator V01 and the main heat exchanger cold box unit 2 through a circulating liquid nitrogen pipeline and a circulating nitrogen pipeline; and is connected with the main heat exchanger cold box unit 2 and the subcooler E05 through a pressure nitrogen pipeline. Namely, the liquid nitrogen discharged from the bottom of the liquid nitrogen gas separator V01 is partially discharged to the liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger E04, and is subjected to heat exchange vaporization with the pressure nitrogen gas from the main heat exchanger cold box unit 2, and the vaporized nitrogen gas is merged with the nitrogen gas separated from the upper part of the liquid nitrogen gas separator V01 and enters the main heat exchanger cold box unit 2 as circulating nitrogen gas.
The main evaporator K01 is arranged at the bottom of the main tower C02, is connected with the main heat exchanger cold box unit 2 through a pressure nitrogen pipeline, and is connected with the subcooler E05 through a pressure liquid nitrogen pipeline. The pressure nitrogen provides a heat source for the main evaporator K01, the nitrogen is liquefied through heat exchange, then the nitrogen is sent into a subcooler E05 through a pressure liquid nitrogen pipeline for subcooling, part of the subcooled liquid nitrogen continues to transmit cold energy, and part of the subcooled liquid nitrogen is used as a liquid nitrogen product and sent to a liquid nitrogen storage tank.
The main column C02 is connected to the main heat exchanger cold box unit 2 via a low-pressure purified air pipe, and is connected to the subcooler E05 and the argon extraction section 31 via pipes. Rectifying and purifying the low-pressure purified air in a main tower C02 to obtain pure liquid oxygen at the bottom of the tower, pure nitrogen at the top of the tower and argon fraction in the middle of the tower; and the obtained pure liquid oxygen, pure nitrogen and waste nitrogen are all processed by a cooler E05; the obtained argon fraction enters an argon extraction part 31 for deoxidation and denitrification purification treatment to obtain a pure argon product.
The subcooler E05 is connected with the main tower C02 and the main heat exchanger cold box unit 2 through a low-pressure nitrogen pipeline and a waste nitrogen pipeline, and is connected with the main tower C02 through a pressure liquid nitrogen pipeline. Pure nitrogen and waste nitrogen generated by the main tower C02 are reheated and then discharged to the main heat exchanger cold box unit 2 for continuous reheating.
In one embodiment, the argon extraction section 31 includes a first crude argon column C71, a second crude argon column C72, a crude argon condenser K71, a circulating argon pump P71A/B, a pure argon column C73, a pure argon condenser K72, a pure argon evaporator K73, and the like.
Wherein the first crude argon column C71, the second crude argon column C72 and the pure argon column C73 are connected in sequence with the argon fraction outlet of the main column C02 via a pipeline. That is, the first crude argon column C71 was connected to the main column C02 and the second crude argon column C72 through pipes, respectively, and the argon fraction from the middle portion of the main column C02 was subjected to a deoxidation treatment and the argon fraction was sent to the second crude argon column C72 to be subjected to a denitrification treatment.
The crude argon condenser K71 is arranged at the top of the second crude argon column C72, is connected with a subcooler E05 through a pressure liquid nitrogen pipeline and is connected with a pure argon column C73 through a pipeline. The crude argon condenser K71 is provided with cold energy by liquid nitrogen; and the argon fraction condensed after denitrification treatment is sent to a pure argon column C73 for rectification and purification.
The circulating argon pump P71A/B is disposed between the first crude argon column C71 and the second crude argon column C72, and its inlet end is connected to the lower part of the second crude argon column C72 through a pipe, and its outlet end is connected to the upper part of the first crude argon column C71 through a pipe, so that the argon fraction is circulated in the first crude argon column C71 and the second crude argon column C72 to be deoxidized and denitrified.
The pure argon condenser K72 is arranged at the upper part of the pure argon column C73 and is connected with a subcooler E05 through a pressure liquid nitrogen pipeline, and the crude argon condenser K71 is provided with cold energy by liquid nitrogen.
Dirty nitrogen gas that crude argon condenser K71 and pure argon condenser K72 produced joins with dirty nitrogen gas that the main tower produced through dirty nitrogen gas pipeline, discharges after cooler E05 and main heat exchanger unit 2 reheat as the regeneration gas.
The pure argon evaporator K73 is arranged at the lower part of the pure argon column C73 and is connected with the main heat exchanger cold box unit 2 and the main column C02 through a pressure nitrogen pipeline. A heat source is provided by the pressure nitrogen gas from the main heat exchanger cold box unit 2, and the cooled pressure nitrogen gas is converged with liquid nitrogen and then is filled into the upper part of the main tower C02.
Rectifying and purifying the argon fraction subjected to the deoxidation and denitrification treatment by using a pure argon condenser K72, a pure argon tower C73 and a pure argon evaporator K73 to obtain a pure liquid argon product, and sending the pure liquid argon product to a liquid argon storage tank
The LNG cold box unit 1 includes an LNG heat exchanger E01 and a liquid nitrogen subcooler E02.
The LNG heat exchanger 1 is connected with the main heat exchanger cold box unit 2 and the circulating nitrogen compressor NC02 through a circulating nitrogen pipeline, is connected with the main heat exchanger cold box unit 2 and the low-pressure nitrogen compressor NC01 through a low-pressure nitrogen pipeline, and is used for cooling the circulating nitrogen and the low-pressure nitrogen.
And the liquid nitrogen subcooler E02 is connected with the main tower cold box unit 3 and the LNG heat exchanger E01 through a circulating liquid nitrogen pipeline and is used for performing subcooling treatment on circulating liquid nitrogen.
The main heat exchanger cold box unit 2 comprises a main heat exchanger E03.
The main heat exchanger E03 is connected to the LNG heat exchanger E01 via a low pressure nitrogen line and a circulating nitrogen line, and to the low pressure nitrogen press NC01 via a pressure nitrogen line.
And the main heat exchanger E03 is also connected with a main tower C02 through a low-pressure purified air pipeline; is connected with a liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger E04, a main evaporator K01 and a pure argon evaporator K73 through a pressure nitrogen pipeline; is connected with a liquid nitrogen gas separator V01 and a liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger E04 through a circulating nitrogen gas pipeline; is connected with a subcooler E05 through a low-pressure nitrogen pipeline and a waste nitrogen pipeline.
The primary heat exchanger E03 is used to cool the low pressure purified air and pressure nitrogen and reheat the circulating nitrogen, low pressure nitrogen and dirty nitrogen.
The low-pressure nitrogen compressor NC01 is used for pressurizing low-pressure nitrogen from a main tower C02, the pressurized nitrogen is divided into two parts, one part enters a liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger E04, a main evaporator K01 and a pure argon evaporator K73 after being cooled by a main heat exchanger E03, and heat sources are provided for the liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger E04, the main evaporator K01 and the pure argon evaporator K73; the other part is discharged into the circulating nitrogen pipeline to supplement the circulating nitrogen.
The cycle nitrogen press NC02 is used to pressurize the cycle nitrogen from the cycle nitrogen line.
In conclusion, the air separation system in the application cancels the conventional lower rectifying tower, reduces the height of the cold box unit of the main air separation tower, and has higher safety and lower equipment cost; the starting time of the device is shortened, the operation and maintenance are simpler, the cooling speed and the purification speed are higher when the device is started, the stopping, liquid discharging and heating reheating time is shorter, and the operation response is more flexible; the crude argon condenser adopts liquid nitrogen as a cold source, thereby effectively preventing hydrocarbons from accumulating in the crude argon condenser and having higher safety; the exhaust pressure of the matched air compressor is low, the number of stages of the air compressor is small, and the energy consumption is lower; the low-pressure nitrogen gas out of the main heat exchanger is sent to the LNG heat exchanger to be continuously cooled, so that the temperature of the nitrogen gas entering the low-pressure nitrogen compressor is lower, the heat exchange temperature difference of the main heat exchanger is optimized, and the energy consumption is lower. Therefore, the air separation system has the advantages of quick operation response, simple operation and maintenance, less equipment investment, low energy consumption, high safety and the like.
Example two
The invention also provides an air separation method of the air separation system utilizing the LNG cold energy based on the first embodiment, which comprises the following steps:
the LNG cold box unit 1 provides cold energy generated by LNG vaporization for the main heat exchanger cold box unit 2 and the main tower C02 of the main tower cold box unit 3 so as to realize cooling liquefaction of air and nitrogen;
the main heat exchanger cold box unit 2 cools the low-pressure purified air and the pressure nitrogen, and sends the cooled low-pressure purified air to the main column C02;
the main column C02 rectifies and purifies the low-pressure purified air to obtain pure liquid oxygen at the bottom of the main column C02, pure nitrogen at the top of the column, an argon fraction at the middle of the column, and sends the argon fraction to the argon extraction section 31;
the argon extraction section 31 deoxygenates, denitrifies and rectifies the argon fraction from the main column C02 to obtain a liquid argon product;
and circulating nitrogen and liquid nitrogen are circularly transmitted among the LNG cold box unit 1, the main heat exchanger cold box unit and the main tower cold box unit 3, the cold energy of LNG vaporization is sequentially transmitted, and meanwhile, part of liquid nitrogen products are obtained.
The low-pressure purified air is obtained by compressing through an air compressor and purifying through a molecular sieve adsorber, and the low-pressure purified air enters a main tower C02 for rectification and purification after being cooled through a main heat exchanger E03: pure liquid oxygen is obtained at the bottom of the main column C02, pure low-pressure nitrogen is obtained at the top of the column, and argon fraction is obtained at the middle part of the column.
Wherein, the liquid oxygen is obtained from a main evaporator K01 at the bottom of the main tower C02, and the liquid oxygen is sent out of a cold box to a liquid oxygen storage tank after being subcooled by a cooler E05.
Obtaining low-pressure nitrogen at the top of the main tower C02, reheating the low-pressure nitrogen through a subcooler E05 and a main heat exchanger E03 in sequence, cooling the reheated low-pressure nitrogen in an LNG heat exchanger E01, pressurizing the cooled low-pressure nitrogen through a low-pressure nitrogen compressor NC01, and dividing the pressurized nitrogen into two parts:
one strand of nitrogen is converged into a circulating nitrogen pipeline of the LNG cold box unit 1 to be used as supplement of circulating nitrogen;
the other part of nitrogen enters a main heat exchanger E03 for cooling, and the nitrogen cooled by the main heat exchanger E03 is divided into three parts: wherein, a part of the pure argon enters a pure argon evaporator K73 to be used as a heat source; one part of the liquid nitrogen enters a liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger E04 to exchange heat with circulating liquid nitrogen from an LNG cold box unit 1 for liquefaction; the rest part enters a main evaporator K01 to be liquefied by heat exchange with liquid oxygen, the liquefied liquid nitrogen and the liquid nitrogen from a liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger E04 are converged together and enter a subcooler E05 to be subcooled, and the subcooled liquid nitrogen is further divided into three parts: the larger part is sent to the top of the main column C02 as reflux; a smaller part of the cold liquid is used as a cold source of the crude argon condenser K71 and the pure argon condenser K72, and the rest part of the subcooled liquid nitrogen is used as a liquid nitrogen product to be transmitted out of a cold box and sent to a liquid nitrogen storage tank.
And sewage nitrogen is also obtained at the upper part of the main tower C02, and the sewage nitrogen is reheated by a cooler E05 and a main heat exchanger E03 in sequence to be used as a regeneration gas of the molecular sieve adsorber.
An argon fraction is obtained in the middle of the main column C02 and is deoxygenated, denitrified and rectified by the first crude argon column C71, the second crude argon column C72 and the pure argon column C73 to obtain a pure argon product.
The circulating liquid nitrogen from the LNG cold box unit 1 enters a liquid nitrogen separator V01 after throttling, and the separated liquid phase (liquid nitrogen) is divided into two streams:
one of the nitrogen gas enters a liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger E04 to be subjected to heat exchange vaporization with pressure nitrogen gas from a low-pressure nitrogen compressor NC01 and cooled by a main heat exchanger E03, the vaporized nitrogen gas is converged with circulating nitrogen gas separated from the upper part of a liquid nitrogen gas liquid separator V01, the converged nitrogen gas enters the main heat exchanger E03 to be reheated so as to provide cold energy for the main heat exchanger E03, and the reheated nitrogen gas is returned to the LNG cold box unit 1 as circulating nitrogen gas;
and the other liquid nitrogen is subcooled by a cooler E05 and then is delivered out of the main tower cold box unit 3 as a liquid nitrogen product to be conveyed to a liquid nitrogen storage tank.
The circulating nitrogen from the main heat exchanger cold box unit 2 is merged with partial pressure nitrogen from a low-pressure nitrogen compressor NC01 and then enters an LNG heat exchanger E01 for cooling, after the cooling is carried out to a preset temperature, the circulating nitrogen is merged with medium pressure nitrogen which flows back from a liquid nitrogen subcooler E02 and is reheated by an LNG heat exchanger E01, the merged nitrogen enters a first section of the circulating nitrogen compressor NC02 for pressurization, after the pressurization, the nitrogen enters an LNG heat exchanger E01 for cooling, after the cooling, the merged nitrogen is merged with the medium pressure nitrogen which flows back from a liquid nitrogen subcooler E02 and is reheated by an LNG heat exchanger E01, the merged nitrogen enters a second section of the circulating nitrogen compressor NC02 for pressurization, after the pressurization, the merged nitrogen enters an LNG heat exchanger E01 again for cooling liquefaction, and the cooled and liquefied liquid nitrogen enters a liquid nitrogen condenser E02 for supercooling.
The circulating liquid nitrogen after being supercooled by the liquid nitrogen supercooler E02 is divided into three strands:
one strand is sent to the main tower cold box unit 3 to provide cold energy for the main tower cold box unit 3;
one flow of the throttling liquid returns to a liquid nitrogen subcooler E02 for reheating gasification, the reheated gasified liquid enters an LNG heat exchanger E01 for reheating, then the reheated liquid is converged with circulating nitrogen from a main heat exchanger E03 and a low-pressure nitrogen compressor NC01 and then enters the LNG heat exchanger E01, and the converged circulating nitrogen enters a first section inlet of a circulating nitrogen compressor NC 02;
and the other strand also throttles and returns to the liquid nitrogen subcooler E02 for reheating vaporization, enters the LNG heat exchanger E01 for reheating vaporization, is reheated and then is merged with medium-pressure nitrogen which is from the first section of the circulating nitrogen compressor NC02 and enters the LNG heat exchanger E01 for cooling, enters the second section of the inlet of the circulating nitrogen compressor NC02 after being merged, and is continuously pressurized by the circulating nitrogen compressor NC 02.
The argon fraction coming from the middle of the main column C02 is sent to a first crude argon column C71 for deoxidation treatment; then enters a second crude argon tower C72 and is subjected to denitrification treatment through a second crude argon tower C72 and a crude argon condenser K71 at the upper part of the second crude argon tower C72; and after deoxidation and denitrification treatment, the obtained product enters a pure argon tower C73, and is rectified by a pure argon tower C73, a pure argon condenser K72 at the upper part of the pure argon tower and a pure argon evaporator K73 at the lower part of the pure argon tower to obtain a liquid argon product, and the liquid argon product is sent to a liquid argon storage tank.
Wherein, the lower part of the second crude argon column C72 is connected with the upper part of the first crude argon column C71 through a circulating pipeline, a circulating argon pump P71A/B is arranged on the circulating pipeline, and crude argon liquid at the lower part of the second crude argon column C72 is pumped to the upper part of the first crude argon column C71 through the circulating argon pump P71A/B for circular deoxidation and denitrification treatment by the circulating argon pump P71A/B.
LNG from the LNG receiving station enters an LNG heat exchanger E01 to be reheated by nitrogen, part of LNG is pumped into the LNG-glycol heat exchanger in the reheating process to provide cold energy for glycol circulating cooling liquid, and the LNG returns to an NG pipe network of the LNG receiving station after being reheated by the glycol circulating cooling liquid continuously; and the rest part is returned to the NG pipe network of the LNG receiving station after being reheated by the LNG heat exchanger E01. The number of the coolers in the air separation system is less than that of the coolers in the conventional double-tower rectification air separation system, so that the flow of the ethylene glycol circulation cooling system is smaller, the equipment investment is less, and the energy consumption is less.
In conclusion, the air separation method can fully utilize the cold energy of LNG, carry out liquefaction, separation and purification of oxygen, nitrogen and argon on low-pressure purified air with the pressure far lower than that of conventional purified air, and can obtain required liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon and corresponding gas products; the air separation system of the method cancels the conventional tower descending, so the equipment investment is less, and the maintenance and the operation are simpler; and the air separation method has less energy consumption and better safety.

Claims (10)

1. An air separation system using LNG cold energy, comprising:
an LNG cold box unit (1), a main heat exchanger cold box unit (2), a main tower cold box unit (3), a low-pressure nitrogen press (NC 01) and a circulating nitrogen press (NC 02);
the LNG cold box unit (1) is connected with the main tower cold box unit (3) through a circulating liquid nitrogen pipeline;
the main tower cold box unit (3) is connected with the main heat exchanger cold box unit (2) through a low-pressure purified air pipeline, a circulating nitrogen pipeline, a low-pressure nitrogen pipeline and a sewage nitrogen pipeline;
the main heat exchanger cold box unit (2) is connected with the LNG cold box unit (1) through a circulating nitrogen pipeline and a low-pressure nitrogen pipeline;
the low-pressure nitrogen press (NC 01) is respectively connected with the LNG cold box unit (1) and the main heat exchanger cold box unit (2) through the low-pressure nitrogen pipeline and the pressure nitrogen pipeline;
the circulating nitrogen press (NC 02) is connected with the LNG cold box unit (1) through the circulating nitrogen pipeline;
wherein the main column cold box unit (3) comprises a liquid nitrogen gas liquid separator (V01), a liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger (E04), a main evaporator (K01), a main column (C02), a subcooler (E05) and an argon extraction section (31);
the liquid nitrogen separator (V01) is respectively connected with the LNG cold box unit (1) and the subcooler (E05) through a circulating liquid nitrogen pipeline, and is connected with the main heat exchanger cold box unit (2) through a circulating nitrogen pipeline;
the liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger (E04) is respectively connected with the liquid nitrogen-gas separator (V01) and the main heat exchanger cold box unit (2) through the circulating liquid nitrogen pipeline and the circulating nitrogen pipeline, and is connected with the main heat exchanger cold box unit (2) and the subcooler (E05) through the pressure nitrogen pipeline;
the main evaporator (K01) is arranged at the bottom of the main tower (C02), is connected with the main heat exchanger cold box unit (2) through the pressure nitrogen pipeline and is connected with the subcooler (E05) through the pressure liquid nitrogen pipeline;
said main column (C02) being connected to said main heat exchanger cold box unit (2) via a low pressure purified air conduit and to said argon extraction section (31) via a conduit;
and the subcooler (E05) is connected with the main tower (C02) and the main heat exchanger cold box unit (2) through the low-pressure nitrogen pipeline and the sewage nitrogen pipeline, and is connected with the main tower (C02) through the pressure liquid nitrogen pipeline.
2. An air fractionation system using cold energy of LNG according to claim 1, wherein the argon extraction section (31) comprises a first crude argon column (C71), a second crude argon column (C72), a crude argon condenser (K71), a circulating argon pump (P71A/B), a pure argon column (C73), a pure argon condenser (K72) and a pure argon evaporator (K73):
said first crude argon column (C71) being connected by means of pipes to said main column (C02) and to a second crude argon column (C72), respectively;
the crude argon condenser (K71) is arranged at the top of the second crude argon column (C72), is connected with the subcooler (E05) through the pressure liquid nitrogen pipeline and is connected with the pure argon column (C73) through a pipeline;
the circulating argon pump (P71A/B) is arranged between the first crude argon column (C71) and the second crude argon column (C72), the inlet end of the circulating argon pump is connected with the lower part of the second crude argon column (C72) through a pipeline, and the outlet end of the circulating argon pump is connected with the upper part of the first crude argon column (C71) through a pipeline;
the pure argon condenser (K72) is arranged at the upper part of the pure argon tower (C73) and is connected with a subcooler (E05) through the pressure liquid nitrogen pipeline;
the pure argon evaporator (K73) is arranged at the lower part of the pure argon tower (C73) and is connected with the main heat exchanger cold box unit (2) and the main tower (C02) through the pressure nitrogen pipeline.
3. An air separation system using LNG cold energy according to claim 2, characterized in that the LNG cold box unit (1) comprises an LNG heat exchanger (E01) and a liquid nitrogen subcooler (E02):
the LNG heat exchanger (E01) is connected with the main heat exchanger cold box unit (2) and the circulating nitrogen press (NC 02) through the circulating nitrogen pipeline, and is connected with the main heat exchanger cold box unit (2) and the low-pressure nitrogen press (NC 01) through the low-pressure nitrogen pipeline;
and the nitrogen subcooler (E02) is connected with the LNG heat exchanger (E01) and is connected with the main tower cold box unit (3) through the circulating liquid nitrogen pipeline.
4. An air subsystem utilizing LNG cold energy according to claim 3, characterised in that the main heat exchanger cold box unit (2) comprises a main heat exchanger (E03);
the main heat exchanger (E03) is connected with the LNG heat exchanger (E01) through a low-pressure nitrogen pipeline and a circulating nitrogen pipeline, and is connected with the low-pressure nitrogen compressor (NC 01) through a pressure nitrogen pipeline;
and the main heat exchanger (E03) is connected with the main tower (C02) through a low-pressure purified air pipeline, is connected with the liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger (E04), the main evaporator (K01) and the pure argon evaporator (K73) through a pressure nitrogen pipeline, is connected with the liquid nitrogen-liquid separator (V01) and the liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger (E04) through a circulating nitrogen pipeline, and is connected with the subcooler (E05) through a low-pressure nitrogen pipeline and a sewage nitrogen pipeline.
5. An air separation system using LNG cold energy according to claim 4, characterized in that:
the low-pressure nitrogen compressor (NC 01) is used for pressurizing low-pressure nitrogen from the main tower (C02), the pressurized nitrogen is divided into two parts, one part enters the main evaporator (K01) and the pure argon evaporator (K73) after being cooled by the main heat exchanger (E03) to provide heat sources for the main evaporator (K01) and the pure argon evaporator (K73), and the other part is converged into the circulating gas pipeline to supplement circulating nitrogen;
the cycle nitrogen press (NC 02) is used to pressurize cycle nitrogen from the cycle nitrogen line.
6. An air separation method based on the air separation system using LNG cold energy of claim 5, characterized in that the air separation method comprises:
the LNG cold box unit (1) provides cold energy generated by LNG vaporization for the main heat exchanger cold box unit (2) and a main tower (C02) of the main tower cold box unit (3) so as to realize cooling liquefaction of air and nitrogen;
said main heat exchanger cold box unit (2) cooling low pressure purified air and pressure nitrogen and sending said low pressure purified air to said main column (C02);
said main column (C02) rectifying and purifying said cooled low-pressure purified air, obtaining liquid oxygen at the bottom of said main column (C02), nitrogen at the top, an argon fraction in the middle and sending it to said argon extraction section (31);
said argon extraction section (31) deoxygenates, denitrifies and rectifies the argon fraction coming from said main column (C02), thereby obtaining liquid argon;
and the circulating nitrogen and the liquid nitrogen are circularly transmitted among the LNG cold box unit (1), the main heat exchanger cold box unit (2) and the main tower cold box unit (3), so that the cold energy of LNG vaporization is transferred, and part of liquid nitrogen products are obtained at the same time.
7. An air separation method according to claim 6, characterized in that:
the low-pressure purified air purified by the molecular sieve adsorber is cooled by the main heat exchanger (E03) and then enters the main tower (C02) for rectification and purification:
obtaining liquid oxygen from a main evaporator (K01) at the bottom of the main tower (C02), and sending the liquid oxygen to a liquid oxygen storage tank after the liquid oxygen is subcooled by the subcooler (E05);
obtaining low-pressure nitrogen at the top of the main tower (C02), reheating the low-pressure nitrogen sequentially by the subcooler (E05) and the main heat exchanger (E03), cooling the reheated low-pressure nitrogen by the LNG heat exchanger (E01), pressurizing the cooled low-pressure nitrogen by the low-pressure nitrogen compressor (NC 01), dividing the pressurized nitrogen into two parts, collecting one part of nitrogen into a circulating nitrogen pipeline of the LNG cold box unit (1) to supplement the circulating nitrogen, cooling the other part of nitrogen by the main heat exchanger (E03), dividing the nitrogen cooled by the main heat exchanger (E03) into three parts, wherein one part of nitrogen enters the pure argon evaporator (K73) to serve as a heat source, one part of nitrogen enters the liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger (E04) to be liquefied by circulating liquid nitrogen from the LNG cold box unit (1), and the other part of nitrogen enters the main evaporator (K01) to be liquefied by liquid oxygen, after liquefaction, the liquefied gas and liquid nitrogen from the liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger (E04) are converged into the subcooler (E05) for subcooling, the subcooled liquid nitrogen is divided into three parts, one part of the liquid nitrogen is sent to the top of the main tower (CO 2) to be used as reflux liquid, the other part of the liquid nitrogen is used as a cold source of the crude argon condenser (K71) and the pure argon condenser (K72), and the rest part of the subcooled liquid nitrogen is sent to a liquid nitrogen storage tank as a liquid nitrogen product;
the upper part of the main tower (C02) obtains polluted nitrogen, and the polluted nitrogen is reheated by the subcooler (E05) and the main heat exchanger (E03) and then is used as regeneration gas of the molecular sieve adsorber;
an argon fraction is obtained in the middle of the main column (C02), and the argon fraction is rectified by the first crude argon column (C71), the second crude argon column (C72) and the pure argon column (C73) to obtain a pure argon product.
8. An air separation method according to claim 7, characterized in that:
circulating liquid nitrogen from the LNG cold box unit (1) enters the liquid nitrogen gas liquid separator (V01) after throttling, and the separated liquid phase is divided into two parts:
one strand of the nitrogen enters the liquid nitrogen-nitrogen heat exchanger (E04) to exchange heat with pressure nitrogen from the low-pressure nitrogen compressor (NC 01) and cooled by the main heat exchanger (E03) for vaporization, the vaporized nitrogen is converged with circulating nitrogen separated by the liquid nitrogen-liquid separator (V01), enters the main heat exchanger (E03), is reheated by the main heat exchanger (E03) and returns to the LNG cold box unit (1) as circulating nitrogen;
and the other strand is sent to a liquid nitrogen storage tank as a liquid nitrogen product after being subcooled by the subcooler (E05).
9. An air separation method according to claim 8, characterized in that:
the circulating nitrogen from the main heat exchanger cold box unit (2) is merged with the pressure nitrogen from the low-pressure nitrogen compressor (NC 01) and then enters the LNG heat exchanger (E01) for cooling, after the cooling is carried out to the preset temperature, converging medium-pressure nitrogen which flows back from the liquid nitrogen subcooler (E02) and is reheated by the LNG heat exchanger (E01), wherein the converged nitrogen enters a first section of the circulating nitrogen compressor (NC 02) for pressurization, enters the LNG heat exchanger (E01) for cooling after being pressurized, then converges the medium-pressure nitrogen which flows back from the liquid nitrogen subcooler (E02) and is reheated by the LNG heat exchanger (E01) after being cooled, the converged nitrogen enters a second section of the circulating nitrogen compressor (NC 02) for pressurization, enters the LNG heat exchanger (E01) again for cooling liquefaction after being pressurized, and enters the liquid nitrogen subcooler (E02) for supercooling after being cooled and liquefied;
the circulating liquid nitrogen subcooled by the liquid nitrogen subcooler (E02) is divided into three strands, one strand of circulating liquid nitrogen is sent to the main tower cold box unit (3) to provide cold energy for the main tower cold box unit (3); one strand of the mixed gas returns to the liquid nitrogen subcooler (E02) for reheating vaporization, enters the LNG heat exchanger (E01) for reheating continuously after reheating vaporization, then enters a first section inlet of the circulating nitrogen compressor (NC 02) after being merged with the circulating nitrogen; and the other strand of the mixed gas is throttled and returned to the liquid nitrogen subcooler (E02) for reheating vaporization, enters the LNG heat exchanger (E01) for reheating vaporization, is then converged with medium-pressure nitrogen which is pressurized at the first section of the circulating nitrogen compressor (NC 02) and cooled by the LNG heat exchanger (E01), and enters the inlet of the second section of the circulating nitrogen compressor (NC 02) after being converged.
10. An air separation method according to claim 7, characterized in that:
the argon fraction coming from the middle of the main column (C02) is sent to the first crude argon column (C71) for deoxygenation treatment; then enters the second crude argon column (C72) and is subjected to denitrification treatment through the second crude argon column (C72) and a crude argon condenser (K71); after denitrification treatment, the argon enters the pure argon tower (C73), and is rectified by the pure argon tower (C73), a pure argon condenser (K72) and a pure argon evaporator (K73) to obtain a liquid argon product;
the crude argon liquid at the lower part of the second crude argon tower (C72) can be circularly deoxidized and denitrified at the upper part of the first crude argon tower (C71) by the circulating argon pump (P71A/B).
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