CN113586651A - Shock absorber and vehicle - Google Patents
Shock absorber and vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113586651A CN113586651A CN202010366150.XA CN202010366150A CN113586651A CN 113586651 A CN113586651 A CN 113586651A CN 202010366150 A CN202010366150 A CN 202010366150A CN 113586651 A CN113586651 A CN 113586651A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- air
- shock absorber
- spring
- air bag
- piston rod
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
- F16F13/005—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a wound spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
- F16F13/007—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a wound spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
- F16F13/002—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising at least one fluid spring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/023—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means
- F16F15/0232—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means with at least one gas spring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/023—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means
- F16F15/027—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means comprising control arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
- F16F15/06—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with metal springs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3207—Constructional features
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/36—Special sealings, including sealings or guides for piston-rods
- F16F9/369—Sealings for elements other than pistons or piston rods, e.g. valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/43—Filling or drainage arrangements, e.g. for supply of gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/54—Arrangements for attachment
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a shock absorber and have vehicle of this shock absorber, this shock absorber includes shock absorber main part, air spring and coil spring, wherein, shock absorber main part includes piston rod and the cylinder that is used for being connected with the knuckle of vehicle, and the piston rod is stretched into in the cylinder telescopically and is had the upper end that is located the cylinder outside, and the upper end is fixed with the mount pad subassembly that is used for being connected with automobile body or frame; the air spring and the spiral spring are sleeved on the shock absorber main body and are mutually abutted, one of the air spring and the spiral spring is abutted to the mounting seat assembly, and the other of the air spring and the spiral spring is abutted to the cylinder barrel. The rigidity of the shock absorber can be properly adjusted according to the condition of the road surface, so that better driving feeling is obtained, and the stability and the comfort of the vehicle are improved. The height of the automobile body can be changed according to the requirement, the driving stability and the operation stability of the automobile are improved by reducing the height of the automobile body, and the trafficability and the off-road property of the automobile are improved by improving the height of the automobile body.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of shock absorbers, in particular to a shock absorber and a vehicle.
Background
The original height of the traditional shock absorber cannot be adjusted, when the weight of a vehicle is not changed, the height of a chassis of the vehicle and the height of the ground cannot be adjusted, the original design height can only be kept, and the passing performance and safety of the vehicle are affected. Moreover, the rigidity of the shock absorber is mainly determined by the rigidity of the spiral spring, the rigidity cannot be adjusted, and the shock absorber contributes to the comfort and the stability of the vehicle only when the ground is excited in a complex way.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a shock absorber and have this shock absorber's vehicle, this shock absorber can enough adjust the height of automobile body, can improve whole stable stability and the riding comfort of car again.
In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides a shock absorber and a vehicle having the same, the shock absorber including a shock absorber main body, an air spring and a coil spring, wherein the shock absorber main body includes a cylinder for connecting with a knuckle of the vehicle and a piston rod telescopically extending into the cylinder and having an upper end portion located outside the cylinder, the upper end portion being fixed with a mounting seat assembly for connecting with a vehicle body or a vehicle frame; the air spring and the spiral spring are sleeved on the shock absorber main body and are mutually abutted, one of the air spring and the spiral spring is abutted to the mounting seat assembly, and the other of the air spring and the spiral spring is abutted to the cylinder barrel.
Optionally, the air spring includes an air bag, an air bag fixing member and an air bag support member, all of which are sleeved on the damper main body, the air bag fixing member is sealingly connected to one side of the air bag along an axial direction of the damper, the air bag support member is sealingly connected to the other side of the air bag, the air bag fixing member is sealingly fixed to the damper main body, the air bag support member is slidably sleeved on the damper main body in a sealing manner, and a corresponding end of the coil spring abuts against the air bag support member.
Optionally, the air spring comprises a resilient bumper disposed in the air bag, the air bag mount and/or the air bag support being secured to the resilient bumper.
Optionally, the air bag is sleeved on the piston rod, a gas channel is arranged in the piston rod, and the gas channel is used for communicating an external gas source with the air bag so as to inflate and deflate the air bag.
Optionally, the damper includes a first supporting seat and a second supporting seat, the first supporting seat is fixed to the damper main body, the second supporting seat is slidably sleeved on the damper main body and fixed to the airbag supporting member, one end of the coil spring abuts against the first supporting seat, and the other end of the coil spring abuts against the second supporting seat.
Alternatively, the second support seat is configured as a T-shaped structure, and has a boss portion and a flange portion connected to an end of the boss portion, the flange portion is fixed to the airbag support member and has an annular groove opened at a side facing the coil spring, the coil spring is fitted over the boss portion, and at least a part of an end of the coil spring is fitted into the annular groove.
Optionally, the air spring includes a sealing pad, the airbag support is configured as a cavity made of a rigid material, one end of the cavity is connected with the airbag in a sealing manner, the cavity is communicated with the airbag, the sealing pad is disposed between the other end of the cavity and the second support seat, and the sealing pad is sleeved on the piston rod to provide sealing between the cavity and the piston rod.
Optionally, the shock absorber includes a dust boot, which is sleeved on the shock absorber body and has one end hermetically connected to the first support seat and the other end hermetically connected to the second support seat.
Optionally, the shock absorber includes an airbag fastening assembly, the airbag fastening assembly includes a compression cap, a sealing sleeve, and a tightening nut, the upper end portion of the piston rod is configured with a step surface and a neck rod extending from the step surface along an axial direction, the airbag fixing member is configured as a plate-shaped member and abuts against the step surface through the compression cap, and the sealing sleeve is sleeved on the neck rod and compresses the compression cap through the thread fit of the tightening nut and the neck rod, so as to provide sealing between the airbag fixing member and the compression cap and the neck rod.
Optionally, the piston rod is provided with a reverse-buckling portion and a piston valve system, both of which are located in the cylinder, the reverse-buckling portion is closer to the upper end portion of the piston rod relative to the piston valve system, and the reverse-buckling portion protrudes radially outward relative to the piston rod to limit the maximum displacement of the piston rod moving upward relative to the cylinder.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a vehicle including a controller, a gas supply device and the shock absorber, wherein the gas supply device includes an air supply line, a first gas valve, a second gas valve and a gas source, the air spring is communicated with the gas source through the air supply line to charge the air spring, the first gas valve is disposed on the air supply line, the air spring is communicated with the outside through the second gas valve to discharge gas in the air spring,
the first air valve, the second air valve and the air source are electrically connected to the controller, so that the controller controls the first air valve, the second air valve and the air source to be opened and closed, and accordingly the air spring is controlled to be inflated and deflated.
Through the technical scheme, the wheels of the vehicle bounce up and down in the running process, and when the shock absorber works, the air spring and the spiral spring can be compressed or extended simultaneously to buffer the impact from the ground. The damping elastic body in the shock absorber in the disclosure is a composite elastic body formed by connecting a spiral spring and an air spring in series, and the length and the rigidity of the composite elastic body are jointly determined by the length and the rigidity of the spiral spring and the air spring. The rigidity and the height of the air spring can be adjusted by inflating and deflating the air spring, so that the rigidity and the height of the composite elastic body are changed, and the rigidity and the length of the shock absorber can be adjusted.
Therefore, the rigidity of the shock absorber can be properly adjusted according to the condition of the road surface, so that better driving feeling is obtained, and the stability and the comfort of the vehicle are improved. Moreover, the length of the shock absorber can be changed by changing the length of the air spring according to needs, and the height of the vehicle body can be further changed, for example, the vehicle running stability and the operation stability can be improved by reducing the height of the vehicle body, passengers can get in and get out of the vehicle conveniently, and the passing property and the off-road property of the automobile can be improved by improving the height of the vehicle body.
Moreover, the buffering elastic body in the shock absorber is a composite elastic body formed by the spiral spring and the air spring, and equivalently, the composite elastic body is formed by connecting the spiral spring and the air spring in series, so that the safety support of the vehicle body can be ensured while the adjustable length and rigidity are ensured. When the air spring fails, the spiral spring still can support the vehicle body, the vehicle can continue to keep a certain height, and normal running is guaranteed, so that the dangerous situation caused by air leakage failure of the air spring when only the air spring is used as a buffer elastic body is effectively avoided. In addition, the roll force acting on the shock absorber during the roll of the vehicle body can be received through the inclination of the coil spring relative to the cylinder tube, so that the friction force acting on the shock absorber during the roll of the vehicle body is reduced, and the stability performance of the shock absorber is also improved.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a shock absorber according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a shock absorber according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial schematic view at I in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary schematic view at I of FIG. 2 with the mount assembly omitted;
FIG. 5 is a control schematic for a shock absorber according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Description of the reference numerals
100-a shock absorber; 10-a piston rod; 11-neck; 12-a back-off portion; 13-a gas channel; 14-step surface; 15-elastic buffer block; 20-a mount assembly; 30-an air spring; 31-an air bag; 32-a balloon support; 33-an airbag fixation; 40-a coil spring; 50-a cylinder barrel; 51-a dustproof sleeve; 60-a first support; 70-a second support seat; 71-a sleeve portion; 72-a flange portion; 80-a seal gasket; 90-an airbag fastening assembly; 91-pressing cover; 92-a sealing sleeve; 93-tightening the nut; 201-a first air valve; 202-a second air valve; 203-air cylinder; 204-gas source; 205-controller.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
In the present disclosure, unless otherwise stated, "inside and outside" means inside and outside with respect to the profile of the corresponding component itself. Since shock absorber 100 is typically mounted substantially upright in a vehicle, the use of directional words such as "up and down" generally corresponds to the "up and down" directions in normal vehicle travel when shock absorber 100 is mounted in a vehicle. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and the like used in the embodiments of the present disclosure are for distinguishing one element from another, and have no order or importance.
In order to improve both the height of the vehicle body and the ride comfort and stability of the entire vehicle, a shock absorber 100 and a vehicle having the shock absorber 100 are provided in the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 1-4, shock absorber 100 comprises a shock absorber body, an air spring 30 and a coil spring 40. Wherein the shock absorber body comprises a piston rod 10 and a cylinder tube 50 for connection with a steering knuckle of a vehicle. The piston rod 10 telescopically extends into the cylinder 50 and has an upper end located outside the cylinder 50, to which is fixed a mount assembly 20 for connection to a vehicle body or frame. The air spring 30 and the coil spring 40 are fitted to the damper body and abut against each other, one of the air spring 30 and the coil spring 40 abuts against the mount assembly 20, and the other of the air spring 30 and the coil spring 40 abuts against the cylinder 50. In other words, the upper end portion of the air spring 30 is fixed to the mount assembly 20 or the piston rod 10, and the coil spring 40 abuts between the movable lower end portion of the air spring 30 and the cylinder 50; alternatively, the lower end portion of the air spring 30 is fixed to the cylinder 50, and the coil spring 40 is abutted between the movable upper end portion of the air spring 30 and the mount assembly 20.
Through the above technical scheme, the wheels of the vehicle bounce up and down during the running process, and when the shock absorber 100 works, the air spring 30 and the coil spring 40 can be compressed or extended simultaneously to buffer the impact from the ground. The damping elastomer in the shock absorber 100 of the present disclosure is a composite elastomer formed by connecting the coil spring 40 and the air spring 30 in series, and the length and stiffness of the composite elastomer are determined by the length and stiffness of the coil spring 40 and the air spring 30. The stiffness and height of the air spring 30 can be adjusted by inflating and deflating the air spring 30, so that the stiffness and height of the composite elastic body are changed, and the stiffness and length (vehicle body height) of the shock absorber 100 can be adjusted.
Therefore, the shock absorber 100 of the present disclosure can appropriately adjust the stiffness of the shock absorber 100 according to the road surface condition to obtain better driving feeling and improve the stability and comfort of the vehicle. Furthermore, the length of the damper 100 can be changed by changing the length of the air spring 30 as needed, and the height of the vehicle body can be changed, for example, the vehicle running stability and the operation stability can be increased by reducing the height of the vehicle body, the passengers can get in and out of the vehicle conveniently, and the passing ability and the off-road ability of the vehicle can be increased by increasing the height of the vehicle body.
Moreover, since the damping elastic body in the shock absorber 100 is a composite elastic body composed of the coil spring 40 and the air spring 30, and equivalently, the composite elastic body is formed by connecting the coil spring 40 and the air spring 30 in series, the adjustable length and rigidity can be ensured, and the safe support of the vehicle body can also be ensured. When the air spring 30 fails, the spiral spring 40 can still support the vehicle body, the vehicle can keep a certain height, and normal running is guaranteed, so that the dangerous situation caused by air leakage failure of the air spring 30 when only the air spring 30 is used as a buffer elastic body is effectively avoided. In addition, the roll force acting on the shock absorber 100 during the roll of the vehicle body can be received by the inclination of the coil spring 40 with respect to the cylinder tube 50, so that the frictional force acting on the shock absorber 100 during the roll of the vehicle body can be reduced, and the stability of the shock absorber 100 can be increased.
The composite elastic body is a composite body formed by connecting the spiral spring 40 and the air spring 30 in series, and the rigidity of the composite elastic body is marked as C, namely the new rigidity C after the rigidity A of the spiral spring 40 and the rigidity B of the air spring 30 are fitted. The rigidity of the spiral spring 40 is a fixed value A, which is a basic part of the rigidity C, and the rigidity B of the air spring 30 is variable, which is an adjustable part of the rigidity C, so that the rigidity C has a controllable variation range.
Stiffness C of the composite elastomer in an operating state: when the air pressure in the air spring 30 rises, the rigidity of the air spring 30 is B, and the rigidity C is the fitting result of the rigidity A of the spiral spring 40 and the rigidity B of the air spring 30, the rigidity can be adjusted by adjusting the air pressure in the air spring 30, and the rigidity C also rises when the air pressure in the air spring 30 rises, so that the total rigidity C of the shock absorber can be adjusted, but the rigidity C of the complex is still smaller than the inherent rigidity of the spiral spring 40.
Limit state in which the stiffness C of the composite elastomer has a maximum value: the air pressure in the air spring 30 is zero, and the stiffness C is equal to the inherent stiffness a of the coil spring 40, i.e., C is equal to a, and the stiffness C of the composite elastic body is the maximum.
There is no limitation in this disclosure as to how the specific construction of air spring 30 is made. Alternatively, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown with reference to fig. 3 and 4, the air spring 30 includes an air bag 31, an air bag fixing member 33, and an air bag support member 32, all of which are sleeved on the shock absorber main body. The airbag fixing member 33 is sealingly coupled to one side of the airbag 31 and the airbag support member 32 is sealingly coupled to the other side of the airbag 31 in the axial direction of the shock absorber 100. And the airbag fixing member 33 is sealingly fixed to the absorber main body, the airbag support member 32 is slidably and sealingly sleeved on the absorber main body, and the corresponding end of the coil spring 40 abuts against the airbag support member 32. Alternatively, the airbag holder 33 is a substantially plate-shaped rigid member, and the airbag holder 33 may be fixedly connected to the mount assembly 20 by a fastener such as a screw.
The mounting and fitting of the air spring 30 to the shock absorber body is facilitated by providing the air bag fixing member 33 and the air bag support member 32 at both ends of the air bag 31. When the air bag 31 is inflated and deflated, since one side of the air bag 31 is fixed to the shock absorber body by the air bag fixing member 33, the other side of the air bag 31 can drive the air bag supporting member 32 to slide relative to the shock absorber body, and at the same time, the pressing force of the air bag 31 against the coil spring 40 is increased or decreased, thereby changing the length and rigidity of the shock absorber 100.
To avoid collision between rigid components above and below the air bag 31 when the air bag 31 is over-compressed, optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown with reference to fig. 2 and 3, the air spring 30 includes a resilient cushion 15 disposed within the air bag 31, and the air bag mount 33 and/or the air bag support 32 secures the resilient cushion 15.
When the airbag 31 is compressed excessively, the elastic buffer block 15 can be supported between the airbag fixing member 33 and the airbag support member 32, so as to buffer the impact between the airbag fixing member 33 and the airbag support member 32, prevent the airbag fixing member 33 and the airbag support member 32 from being damaged by the impact, and reduce the noise which may be generated. Also, when the air spring 30 is damaged and deflated, since the elastic cushion block 15 is provided, the impact between the airbag fixing member 33 and the airbag support 32 can be effectively cushioned.
Alternatively, the elastic buffer block 15 may be made of an elastic material such as rubber or silicone.
There is no limitation in the present disclosure as to how air is supplied to the air spring 30, as long as the air spring 30 can be inflated and deflated. Alternatively, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown with reference to fig. 2 to 4, the air bag 31 is sleeved on the piston rod 10, the piston rod 10 is provided with an air passage 13 therein, and the air passage 13 is used for communicating an external air source with the air bag 31 to inflate and deflate the air bag 31. The gas channel 13 for inflating and deflating the air bag 31 is arranged in the piston rod 10, the air bag 31 is communicated with an external gas source through the piston rod 10, and the arrangement of the gas supply pipeline can be facilitated.
Alternatively, the gas channel 13 is configured in an L-shaped configuration and includes a horizontal section and a vertical section. The opening of the horizontal section is located within the bladder 31. Along the length direction of the piston rod 10, the vertical section extends upwards to penetrate through the upper end part of the piston rod 10 and is communicated with an external air source through a pipeline.
The present disclosure is not limited to how the abutting relationship between the air spring 30 and the coil spring 40 is achieved, and may be set as needed. Alternatively, in one embodiment, and as shown with reference to figures 1 and 2, shock absorber 100 includes a first support seat 60 and a second support seat 70. The first supporting seat 60 is fixed to the damper body (i.e., fixed to the piston rod 10 or the cylinder 50), the second supporting seat 70 is slidably sleeved on the damper body and fixed to the airbag support 32, one end of the coil spring 40 abuts against the first supporting seat 60, and the other end abuts against the second supporting seat 70.
In other words, when the air spring 30 is disposed above the coil spring 40, referring to fig. 2, the mounting seat assembly 20, the air spring 30, the second support seat 70, the coil spring 40 and the first support seat 60 are sequentially disposed from top to bottom, the upper end portion (i.e., the airbag fixing member 33) of the air spring 30 is fixed to the piston rod 10, the lower end portion (i.e., the airbag support member 32) of the air spring 30 is slidably sleeved on the piston rod 10 and connected to the second support seat 70, the second support seat 70 is slidably sleeved on the piston rod 10, the first support seat 60 is fixed to the cylinder 50, one end of the coil spring 40 abuts against the first support seat 60, and the other end abuts against the second support seat 70;
when the air spring 30 is disposed below the coil spring 40, the mounting seat assembly 20, the first supporting seat 60, the coil spring 40, the second supporting seat 70 and the air spring 30 are sequentially disposed from top to bottom, one end of the coil spring 40 abuts against the first supporting seat 60, the other end abuts against the second supporting seat 70, the lower end portion of the air spring 30 (i.e., the airbag fixing member 33) is fixed to the cylinder tube 50, the upper end portion of the air spring 30 (i.e., the airbag supporting member 32) is slidably sleeved on the piston rod 10 or the cylinder tube 50 and connected to the second supporting seat 70, the first supporting seat 60 is fixed to the piston rod 10 and connected to the mounting seat assembly 20, and the second supporting seat 70 is slidably sleeved on the piston rod 10 or the cylinder tube 50 and fixed to the airbag supporting member 32.
Through setting up the second supporting seat 70 that is located between air spring 30 and coil spring 40, accessible second supporting seat 70 realizes firm support to air spring 30 on the one hand for air spring 30 is difficult to take place to warp when taking place to deform, and on the other hand can realize firm support to coil spring 40 through second supporting seat 70 and first supporting seat 60 again, makes coil spring 40 be difficult to take place to warp when taking place to deform.
The specific structure of the second support seat 70 is not limited in the present disclosure, and alternatively, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 3, the second support seat 70 is constructed in a T-shaped structure and has a boss portion 71 and a flange portion 72 connected to an end of the boss portion 71. The flange portion 72 is fixed to the airbag support 32 and has an annular groove opened at a side facing the coil spring 40, the coil spring 40 is fitted over the boss portion 71, and at least a part of an end of the coil spring 40 is fitted into the annular groove.
The air spring 30 and the coil spring 40 can be stably supported by the upper and lower end surfaces of the flange portion 72, respectively, and the annular groove on the lower end surface of the flange portion 72 can limit the radial direction of the coil spring 40. The damper 100 cylinder is sleeved with the shaft sleeve portion 71, and the second support seat 70 can be radially limited and guided to slide. When the shock absorber 100 is operated, the second support base 70 slides up and down along the shock absorber body by the air spring 30 and the coil spring 40.
To increase the seal at the bladder support 32 to the air spring 30, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, and as shown with reference to FIG. 3, the air spring 30 includes a seal 80. The air bag support 32 is constructed as a cavity made of a rigid material, one end of the cavity is hermetically connected with the air bag 31, the cavity is communicated with the air bag 31, the sealing gasket 80 is arranged between the other end of the cavity and the second support seat 70, and the sealing gasket 80 is sleeved on the piston rod 10 to provide sealing between the cavity and the piston rod 10.
Alternatively, in one embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the shock absorber 100 includes a dust boot 51, the dust boot 51 is sleeved on the shock absorber body, and one end of the dust boot is hermetically connected to the first supporting seat 60, and the other end of the dust boot is hermetically connected to the second supporting seat 70. By providing the dust-proof sleeve 51, dust can be prevented from entering the cylinder body from the opening of the cylinder of the shock absorber 100 to contaminate the damping oil. Optionally, the sleeve portion 71 of the second support seat 70 is sleeved on the dust-proof sleeve 51.
Alternatively, in the specific embodiments provided by the present disclosure, the seal at the bladder mount 33 of the air spring 30 may be achieved in any suitable manner. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, referring to fig. 4, the shock absorber 100 includes an airbag fastening assembly 90, and the airbag fastening assembly 90 includes a compression cap 91, a sealing sleeve 92, and a tightening nut 93. The upper end of the piston rod 10 is configured with a step face 14 and a neck 11 extending axially from the step face 14. The airbag mount 33 is configured as a plate-like member and is abutted against the step face 14 by a pressing cap 91, a tightening nut 93, a sealing sleeve 92 and the pressing cap 91 are sequentially fitted over the neck 11, the sealing sleeve 92 is fitted over the neck 11 and presses the pressing cap 91 by the screw-fitting of the tightening nut 93 with the thread of the neck 11 to provide sealing between the airbag mount 33 and the pressing cap 91 with the neck 11. Alternatively, the hold down cap 91 is generally configured as a bowl-shaped structure with a recessed center portion that fits over the neck 11 and a sealing sleeve 92 that abuts the recessed portion against the step surface 14, the rim of the bowl-shaped structure being used to connect with the mount assembly 20. As can be seen, the airbag fixing member 33 is pressed against the step surface 14 by the surface contact between the pressing cover 91 and the airbag fixing member 33, and the sealing between the airbag fixing member 33 and the neck 11 and the pressing cover 91 is achieved. Optionally, a gasket 80 may be provided between the compression cap 91 and the airbag mount 33 to increase the seal between the airbag mount 33 and the neck 11.
In order to prevent the piston rod 10 from being pulled out of the cylinder 50 excessively, which may cause the piston valve train (not shown) to collide with the cylinder 50, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2, a reverse buckling portion 12 and a piston valve train are optionally provided on the piston rod 10, which are both located in the cylinder 50, the reverse buckling portion 12 is closer to the upper end portion of the piston rod 10 than the piston valve train, and the reverse buckling portion 12 protrudes radially outward relative to the piston rod 10 to limit the maximum displacement of the piston rod 10 moving upward relative to the cylinder 50, which can also prevent the piston valve train from colliding with the cylinder 50.
The specific structure of the undercut 12 is not limited in this disclosure as long as the dimension of the undercut 12 in the radial direction is larger than the opening of the cylinder 50. For example, the undercut 12 may be a protrusion from the piston rod 10.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a vehicle including the controller 205, the air supply device, and the shock absorber 100 described above. The air supply device comprises an air supply pipeline, a first air valve 201, a second air valve 202 and an air source 204, the air spring 30 is communicated with the air source 204 through the air supply pipeline so as to charge air to the air spring 30, the first air valve 201 is arranged on the air supply pipeline, and the air spring 30 is communicated with the outside through the second air valve 202 so as to discharge air in the air spring 30. The first gas valve 201, the second gas valve 202 and the gas source 204 are electrically connected to the controller 205 to control the opening and closing of the first gas valve 201, the second gas valve 202 and the gas source 204 through the controller 205 to control the inflation and deflation of the air spring 30.
The controller 205 may be a vehicle control system on the vehicle or a control module separately used for controlling the shock absorber 100, and the control module is electrically connected to the vehicle control system, so that the rigidity and the length of the shock absorber 100 can be adjusted by the controller 205 according to the road surface condition while driving.
Alternatively, the gas source 204 may be a suction pump or a compressor, etc. The gas supply device may further include a gas cylinder 203, and the gas source 204 delivers gas to the gas cylinder 203, and the gas is delivered to the air spring 30 through the gas cylinder 203 via the opened first gas valve 201.
When it is desired to charge air spring 30, under the control of controller 205, air supply 204 and first air valve 201 are opened, second air valve 202 is closed, air from air supply 204 enters cylinder 203, and the piston in cylinder 203 is pushed to move, so that air enters air spring 30 through first air valve 201. When air spring 30 deflation is required, under the control of the controller 205, the first air valve 201 is closed, the second air valve 202 is opened, and the air spring 30 deflates. Therefore, the length and stiffness of the air spring 30 can be adjusted by controlling the opening and closing of the air supply 204, the first air valve 201, and the second air valve 202.
The amount of gas in the air spring 30 can be kept constant by simultaneously closing the first gas valve 201 and the second gas valve 202, so that the stiffness and length of the air spring 30 are kept constant, so that the shock absorber 100 can be kept at a certain stiffness and length.
When the road surface condition is good or the vehicle needs to turn continuously, the rigidity of the shock absorber 100 needs to be lowered, or the vehicle body height needs to be lowered, the first air valve 201 is closed, the second air valve 202 is opened, and after the air spring 30 releases a certain amount of air, the height of the air spring 30 is lowered, and the second air valve 202 is closed.
When the road surface condition is poor and the height of the vehicle body needs to be increased, under the control of the controller 205, the air source 204 and the first air valve 201 are opened, the second air valve 202 is closed, so that air enters the air spring 30, and after the air is filled into the air spring 30 for a period of time, the posture of the vehicle body is raised due to the connection of the mounting seat assembly 20 and the vehicle body. When the vehicle body reaches the proper height, air supply 204 and first air valve 201 are closed and the internal pressure of air spring 30 remains stable, the vehicle body rises and the stiffness of shock absorber 100 increases.
On the contrary, when the height of the vehicle body needs to be lowered, the second air valve 202 is opened under the control of the controller 205, and after the air spring 30 releases a certain amount of air, the height of the air spring 30 is lowered, and the posture of the vehicle body is lowered due to the connection of the mounting base assembly 20 with the vehicle body. When the vehicle body reaches the proper height and the second air valve 202 is closed, the internal pressure of the air spring 30 remains stable, and the vehicle body height decreases and the stiffness of the shock absorber 100 decreases.
Therefore, with the damper 100 of the present disclosure, the rigidity of the damper 100 can be appropriately adjusted according to the road surface condition when the vehicle is driven, so as to obtain better driving feeling and improve the stability and comfort of the vehicle. Further, it is also possible to change the height of the vehicle body as needed, reduce the height of the vehicle body to increase the running stability and the operating stability of the vehicle, or increase the height of the vehicle body to increase the trafficability and the off-road property of the automobile.
The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations will not be separately described in this disclosure.
In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.
Claims (11)
1. A shock absorber, characterized in that the shock absorber (100) comprises a shock absorber body, an air spring (30) and a coil spring (40), wherein the shock absorber body comprises a piston rod (10) and a cylinder (50) for connecting with a knuckle of a vehicle, the piston rod (10) telescopically extends into the cylinder (50) and has an upper end portion located outside the cylinder (50), the upper end portion is fixed with a mounting seat assembly (20) for connecting with a vehicle body or a vehicle frame; the air spring (30) and the spiral spring (40) are sleeved on the shock absorber main body and are abutted with each other, one of the air spring (30) and the spiral spring (40) is abutted with the mounting seat assembly (20), and the other of the air spring (30) and the spiral spring (40) is abutted with the cylinder (50).
2. The damper according to claim 1, wherein the air spring (30) includes an air bag (31), an air bag holder (33) and an air bag support member (32) all of which are sleeved on the damper body, the air bag holder (33) is sealingly connected to one side of the air bag (31) along an axial direction of the damper (100), the air bag support member (32) is sealingly connected to the other side of the air bag (31), and the air bag holder (33) is sealingly fixed to the damper body, the air bag support member (32) is slidably sleeved on the damper body, and a corresponding end of the coil spring (40) abuts against the air bag support member (32).
3. A damper according to claim 2, characterized in that the air spring (30) comprises a resilient cushion (15) arranged in the air bag (31), the air bag holder (33) and/or the air bag support (32) being secured with the resilient cushion (15).
4. A shock absorber according to claim 2, wherein said air bag (31) is sleeved on said piston rod (10), said piston rod (10) having a gas passage (13) provided therein, said gas passage (13) being adapted to communicate an external gas source with said air bag (31) for inflating and deflating said air bag (31).
5. The shock absorber according to claim 2, wherein the shock absorber (100) comprises a first support seat (60) and a second support seat (70), the first support seat (60) is fixed to the shock absorber body, the second support seat (70) is slidably sleeved on the shock absorber body and fixed to the airbag support (32), and one end of the coil spring (40) abuts against the first support seat (60) and the other end abuts against the second support seat (70).
6. The shock absorber as set forth in claim 5 wherein the second support seat (70) is constructed in a T-shaped configuration and has a boss portion (71) and a flange portion (72) connected to an end of the boss portion (71), the flange portion (72) being fixed to the air bag support (32) and being opened with an annular groove at a side facing the coil spring (40), the coil spring (40) being fitted over the boss portion (71) with at least a part of an end of the coil spring (40) fitted into the annular groove.
7. The damper according to claim 5, characterized in that the air spring (30) comprises a sealing gasket (80), the air bag support (32) is configured as a cavity made of a rigid material, one end of the cavity is connected with the air bag (31) in a sealing manner, the cavity is communicated with the air bag (31), the sealing gasket (80) is arranged between the other end of the cavity and the second support seat (70), and the sealing gasket (80) is sleeved on the piston rod (10) to provide sealing between the cavity and the piston rod (10).
8. The shock absorber according to claim 5, wherein the shock absorber (100) comprises a dust boot (51), the dust boot (51) being fitted to the shock absorber body and being sealingly connected to the first support seat (60) at one end and to the second support seat (70) at the other end.
9. The shock absorber according to any one of claims 2-8, wherein the shock absorber (100) comprises an airbag fastening assembly (90), the airbag fastening assembly (90) comprises a pressing cover (91), a sealing sleeve (92) and a tightening nut (93), the upper end of the piston rod (10) is configured with a step surface (14) and a neck (11) extending axially from the step surface (14), the airbag fastening element (33) is designed as a plate-shaped element and is pressed against the step surface (14) by the pressing cover (91), the sealing sleeve (92) is sleeved on the neck rod (11) and compresses the compression cover (91) through the threaded fit of the tightening nut (93) and the neck rod (11), to provide a seal between the airbag retainer (33) and the compression cap (91) and the neck (11).
10. Shock absorber according to any of claims 1-8, wherein the piston rod (10) is provided with a back-off portion (12) and a piston valve train both located in the cylinder (50), the back-off portion (12) being closer to the upper end of the piston rod (10) than the piston valve train, the back-off portion (12) protruding radially outwards with respect to the piston rod (10) to limit the maximum displacement of the piston rod (10) moving upwards with respect to the cylinder (50).
11. A vehicle characterized by comprising a controller (205), a gas supply device and the shock absorber (100) of any one of claims 1 to 10, the gas supply device comprising an air supply line through which the air spring (30) communicates with the gas source (204) to inflate the air spring (30), a first gas valve (201) disposed on the air supply line, a second gas valve (202) through which the air spring (30) communicates with the outside to exhaust gas in the air spring (30), and a gas source (204),
the first air valve (201), the second air valve (202) and the air source (204) are electrically connected to the controller (205) so that the controller (205) controls the first air valve (201), the second air valve (202) and the air source (204) to be opened and closed, and accordingly the air spring (30) is controlled to be inflated and deflated.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010366150.XA CN113586651A (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2020-04-30 | Shock absorber and vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010366150.XA CN113586651A (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2020-04-30 | Shock absorber and vehicle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113586651A true CN113586651A (en) | 2021-11-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010366150.XA Pending CN113586651A (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2020-04-30 | Shock absorber and vehicle |
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| CN (1) | CN113586651A (en) |
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| CN117869524A (en) * | 2024-03-11 | 2024-04-12 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Shock absorber and vehicle |
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