CN113585958A - Telescopic drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill and use method thereof - Google Patents

Telescopic drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill and use method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113585958A
CN113585958A CN202111015199.1A CN202111015199A CN113585958A CN 113585958 A CN113585958 A CN 113585958A CN 202111015199 A CN202111015199 A CN 202111015199A CN 113585958 A CN113585958 A CN 113585958A
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drill rod
hole hammer
drill
drilling
hole
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李晟
李新形
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/06Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/02Couplings; joints
    • E21B17/04Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/02Rod or cable suspensions
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a telescopic drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill and a use method thereof. The drilling machine consists of a drilling machine using a telescopic drill rod, a cluster down-the-hole hammer and a power source. The power source drives the cluster down-the-hole hammer, slag discharge is in a mud circulation mode, a mud protection wall prevents a covering layer from collapsing, a protection cylinder is not needed to follow, the telescopic drill rod automatically lifts and lowers the drill bit, and the effect is ultrahigh. The invention overcomes the defects of easy hole collapse, necessary casing follow-up and strict geological requirements of air positive circulation deslagging of the down-the-hole hammer drilling machine in the prior art, has the function of mud wall protection, does not need casing follow-up, is matched with the down-the-hole hammer to drill holes by a telescopic drill rod, has high automation, ultra-fast hard rock drilling speed and ultra-low comprehensive cost, and can construct ultra-large diameter rock-entering pile holes of ultra-deep covering layers. The invention also discloses a use method of the telescopic drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill.

Description

Telescopic drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill and use method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of a submersible cluster hole hammer drilling machine, in particular to a telescopic drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drilling machine. The invention also discloses a use method of the telescopic drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill.
Background
The down-the-hole hammer drilling machine has high drilling efficiency and high drilling speed, but the slag discharge of the existing walking down-the-hole hammer drilling machine is air circulation, air scours the hole wall to cause hole collapse, the down-the-hole hammer drilling machine has no mud wall protection function, a protective cylinder is required to follow, most of drilling projects are deep in covering layer, the follow-up difficulty of the protective cylinder is high, the speed is low, the cost is high, the drill rod is a segmented drill rod, manual installation and disassembly are needed, the comprehensive construction speed is reduced, the construction cost is greatly increased, the existing down-the-hole hammer drilling machine has the defect that a deep covering layer rock-entering drilling pile cannot be constructed, the deep-down-the-hole hammer drilling machine is suitable for severe geological conditions, and cannot be popularized in a large area.
Therefore, the development of a down-the-hole hammer drilling machine which has the advantages of low equipment manufacturing cost, large drilling diameter, no need of a casing to follow, high construction speed and low cost, can construct a large-diameter ultra-deep overburden rock-entering drilling pile and has the functions of a telescopic drill rod and a mud circulation mud retaining wall is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a telescopic drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill which is an underground rock soil drilling machine.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide the using method of the telescopic drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill, which has the advantages of low equipment manufacturing cost, high construction speed and low cost.
In order to achieve the first object of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is: the utility model provides a flexible drilling rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer rig which characterized in that: the device comprises a cluster down-the-hole hammer, a pile frame, a power head, a drill rod, a slurry discharge pipe, a power pipeline, an exhaust pipe, a steel wire rope, a drill rod joint and a drilling machine;
the drill rod is a multi-layer telescopic drill rod, the outermost drill rod of the drill rod is hung on the power head on the pile frame, and the power head drives the outermost drill rod of the drill rod to drive the cluster down-the-hole hammer to rotate;
the drill rod joint is connected between the drill rod and the cluster down-the-hole hammer;
the steel wire rope penetrates through the drill rod and is fixed on a rotary support in the drill rod joint;
the power pipeline and the exhaust pipe penetrate through the drill rod and are connected with the cluster down-the-hole hammer pipeline and the exhaust pipe through the drill rod joint;
the slurry discharge pipe penetrates through the drill rod and is connected with the slurry discharge pipe of the cluster down-the-hole hammer through the drill rod joint;
the slurry discharge pipe, the power pipeline and the exhaust pipe are hoses and can freely rotate and relatively move in the drill rod;
in the scheme, the drilling machine is various drilling machines using telescopic drill rods or a drilling machine simply modified by a crawler crane, and the structure of the drilling machine modified by the crawler crane comprises the crawler crane, the pile frame and the power head;
in the scheme, each single down-the-hole hammer on the cluster down-the-hole hammer is provided with a closed outer sleeve, all exhaust of the collected down-the-hole hammer is discharged into an exhaust channel inside the cluster down-the-hole hammer and is discharged into the atmosphere through an exhaust pipe, and no exhaust hole is formed in the bottom of the down-the-hole hammer;
in the scheme, the drilling machine of the telescopic drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer is used for protecting the hole wall by adopting a mud wall protection method in the process of geological drilling with a covering layer, and a pile casing is not required to follow.
In order to achieve the second purpose of the invention, the invention provides a using method of the rotary drilling rig of the telescopic drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
the method comprises the following steps: assembling;
connecting the power pipeline and the exhaust pipe, the steel wire rope with a pipeline joint and a steel wire rope rotary support in the drill rod joint, and communicating the other ends of the power pipeline and the exhaust pipe with a power source;
connecting the drill pipe with the drill pipe joint and the cluster down-the-hole hammer;
communicating the slurry discharge pipe with a ground slurry treatment system;
step two: hoisting;
the wire rope suspends the drill rod and other drilling tools to a drilling station;
step three: drilling;
starting the power head to drive the cluster down-the-hole hammer to swing and rotate in a reciprocating manner;
starting a power source to enable the cluster down-the-hole hammer to impact rock drilling, injecting high-pressure air into the exhaust pipe to form mud gas-lift reverse circulation, and discharging drilling slag through the slurry discharge pipe to realize drilling of the down-the-hole hammer on rock and soil; the treated high-quality slurry is reinjected into the drill hole to realize slurry wall protection, and a casing is not required to follow in the process of geological drilling of a covering layer;
enabling the drill rod to be placed in and placed down while drilling, and synchronously placing the steel wire rope, the slurry discharge pipe, the power pipeline and the exhaust pipe down until drilling is completed;
furthermore, when a large-diameter drill hole is drilled, a graded reaming bit or a rock core bit is adopted for drilling, so that the drilling pressure and the torque of the drilling machine are reduced, and the model of the drilling machine is reduced;
further, in the third step, when the drilled hole is a wet hole, injecting air into a slag suction pipe in the cluster down-the-hole hammer to form mud gas lift reverse circulation slag discharge;
when the drill hole is a dry hole without water, an air injection and suction device is arranged in the slag suction pipe of the cluster down-the-hole hammer, and air is injected to form air reverse circulation slag removal.
When the drilling is shallow hole drilling, an air injection and suction device is arranged in an inner slag absorption pipe of the cluster down-the-hole hammer, and air is injected to form slurry reverse circulation or air reverse circulation slag removal;
the invention has the following advantages:
(1) according to the invention, mud of the cluster down-the-hole hammer is circularly discharged, a mud retaining wall ensures that a covering layer does not collapse, and casing follow-up is not required, so that a large-diameter ultra-deep covering layer rock-entering well hole can be constructed, the huge steel casing follow-up cost is avoided, a telescopic drill rod is matched with the down-the-hole hammer to drill hard rock, the construction speed is ultra-fast, the comprehensive construction cost is ultra-low, and the equipment is suitable for all drilling projects;
(2) the invention has small bit pressure, the bit pressure is provided by a drilling tool, the drill rod can not be pressurized, the length of the drill rod is not limited, the drilling depth is very deep, and the invention can be used for the drilling construction of ultra-deep pile holes;
(3) the drilling pressure and the torque of the down-the-hole hammer are small, and the type of the drilling machine used in cooperation is small, so that the manufacturing cost of large-diameter ultra-deep well hole construction equipment is greatly reduced;
(4) the invention has lower cost by changing the crawler crane into the down-the-hole hammer drill.
In conclusion, the telescopic drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drilling machine provided by the invention is low in manufacturing cost, the protective cylinder follow-up is not needed for the drilling of the covering layer, the drilling machine uses the telescopic drill rod, the rock-entering drilling speed is ultra-fast by matching with the down-the-hole hammer, the ultra-large diameter rock-entering drilling of the ultra-deep covering layer can be constructed, and the comprehensive construction cost is ultra-low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a crawler crane for a rotary drilling rig according to the invention;
in the figure, 1-a cluster down-the-hole hammer, 2-a pile frame, 3-a power head, 4-a drill rod, 5-a mud pipe, 6-a power pipeline and an exhaust pipe, 7-a steel wire rope, 8-a drill rod joint and 9-a drilling machine;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the present invention in use with a track crane;
in the figure, 1-a cluster down-the-hole hammer, 2-a pile frame, 3-a power head, 4-a drill rod, 5-a mud pipe, 6-a power pipeline and an exhaust pipe, 7-a steel wire rope, 8-a drill rod joint and 9-a drilling machine;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the joint structure of the drill rod of the present invention
In the figure, 1-central drill rod, 1-2-outer drill rod, 1-3-drill rod joint, 1-4-steel wire rope, 1-5-steel wire rope rotary support, 1-6-slurry discharge pipe, 1-7-power pipeline and exhaust pipe, 1-8-bundling down-the-hole hammer
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention, but are merely exemplary. While the advantages of the invention will be clear and readily understood by the description.
With reference to the accompanying drawings: a flexible drilling rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill and its operation method, including gathering together the down-the-hole hammer 1, the pile frame 2, the power head 3, the drilling rod 4, the mud pipe 5, power pipeline and exhaust pipe 6, wire rope 7, drill rod joint 8, rig 9;
the feeding force of the down-the-hole hammer drill bit can depend on the self weight of a drilling tool, the drill rod can not be pressurized, the torque required by the rotation of the drill bit is small, the rotating speed is very low, the power is small, the down-the-hole hammer drill bit is suitable for drilling machines simply modified by various crawler cranes, and the modification content is as follows: increasing the single-rope lifting force of a main winch of the crane, installing a pile frame 2 and installing a power head 3; the modified drilling rod 4 can be rotationally driven, the drilling rod 4 is lifted and lowered, and the down-the-hole hammer 1 is bundled, so that the drilling machine has the drilling functions of automatically lifting the drilling tool by the telescopic drilling rod and reversely circulating mud;
a steel wire rope 7 for lifting the drill rod 4 penetrates through the interior of the drill rod 4 and is fixed on a steel wire rope rotating support 1-5 in a drill rod joint 8, so that the steel wire rope 7 is protected from rotating along with the drill rod, and damage is avoided;
the upper part of a central drill rod 1-1 of the drill rod 4 is open, and a slurry discharge pipe 5, a power pipeline and an exhaust pipe 6 are hose lines and are arranged in parallel with the steel wire rope 4, penetrate into the drill rod 4 and can move freely in the drill rod 4; when the down-the-hole hammer drill works, the drill bit can normally work when rotating forward and backward, when the down-the-hole hammer drill works for drilling, the drill rod 4 rotates in a reciprocating manner at a left-right rotating angle of 360 degrees, the slurry discharge pipe 5, the power pipeline and the exhaust pipe 6 can freely rotate in the drill rod 4, and when the drill rod 4 stretches out and draws back, the slurry discharge pipe 5, the power pipeline and the exhaust pipe 6 are lifted or lowered by the synchronous pipe coiling device and can freely move relatively in the drill rod;
the outer cover of the single down-the-hole hammer in the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 is wrapped, exhaust gas of the down-the-hole hammer is collected and enters an exhaust channel of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1, the exhaust gas is exhausted into the atmosphere through a power pipeline and an exhaust pipe 6, the bottom of the down-the-hole hammer is not exhausted, the gas cannot leak into pile hole slurry, the slurry protection wall cannot be caused to lose efficacy to collapse holes, meanwhile, the exhaust back pressure of the down-the-hole hammer is also reduced, and the down-the-hole hammer is kept to have the maximum energy efficiency;
the sub-hammers of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 vibrate randomly, vibration forces counteract with each other, the whole vibration force of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 is small, hole collapse cannot be caused, partial high-pressure gas in a power pipeline and an exhaust pipe 6 is injected into a slag suction pipe in the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 to form gas lift mud reverse circulation, mud carries drilling slag and enters a mud treatment system through a mud discharge pipe 5, the treated mud returns to a pile hole to keep a water head to protect the wall of the hole, and when drilling is carried out under the condition of a deep covering layer, a protecting cylinder is not used for following;
further, when the drilled hole is a water-wet hole, high-pressure air is injected into a slag suction pipe in the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 to suck mud carrying drilling slag, so that mud gas-lift reverse circulation slag discharge is formed;
when the drill hole is a waterless dry hole, an air injection and suction device is arranged in a slag suction pipe of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1, high-pressure air is injected, and drill slag is sucked to form air reverse circulation slag removal, so that the waterless dry hole sludge-free construction is facilitated;
when the drilling is shallow hole drilling, an air injection and suction device is arranged in an inner slag suction pipe of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1, air is injected, drilling slag is sucked, reverse circulation slag removal is formed, and when the air lift reverse circulation is ineffective under the condition of opening holes, slurry reverse circulation or air reverse circulation drilling is carried out conveniently;
the drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill provided by the invention has the advantages that the drilling speed of hard rock is high, and the circular cutting core drilling or grading hole expanding method is adopted during the large-diameter drilling construction, so that the high drilling speed is still realized, the drilling pressure and the torque of the drill can be reduced, and the type of the drill is reduced. The telescopic drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill is small in size, has the drilling capacity of ultra-deep and ultra-large diameter hard rock drilling, is ultra-fast in drilling speed, and is ultra-low in comprehensive construction cost.
In order to more clearly illustrate the advantages of the telescopic drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill and the using method thereof compared with the prior art, workers compare the four technical schemes for drilling a pile hole with the diameter of 4 meters, and the comparison results are as follows:
Figure BDA0003240098500000071
Figure BDA0003240098500000081
Figure BDA0003240098500000091
from the above table, when the telescopic drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill and the use method thereof are used for drilling a large-diameter deep covering layer, compared with the prior art, the telescopic drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill is light in equipment, low in manufacturing cost, high in rock drilling speed and low in construction cost.
Other parts not described belong to the prior art.

Claims (7)

1. A telescopic drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill and a use method thereof are characterized in that: the device comprises a cluster down-the-hole hammer (1), a pile frame (2), a power head (3), a drill rod (4), a slurry discharge pipe (5), a power pipeline and an exhaust pipe (6), a steel wire rope (7), a drill rod joint (8) and a drilling machine (9);
the drill rod (4) is a multi-layer telescopic drill rod;
the outermost drill rod of the drill rod (4) is suspended on the power head (3) on the pile frame (2); the power head (3) drives the drill rod (4) to drive the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) to rotate;
the drill rod joint (8) is arranged between the drill rod (4) and the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1);
the steel wire rope (7) penetrates through the drill rod (4) and is fixed on a rotary support in a drill rod joint (8) between the drill rod (4) and the bundling down-the-hole hammer (1);
the slurry discharge pipe (5) enters from the upper part of the drill rod (4) without opening, passes through the drill rod (4) and the drill rod joint (8) and is connected with the slurry discharge pipe of the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1);
the power pipeline and the exhaust pipe (6) enter the drill rod (4) and pass through the drill rod joint (8) and the power pipeline and the exhaust pipe of the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1).
2. The telescoping drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill and the use method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the drilling machine (9) is various drilling machines using telescopic drill rods or a drilling machine simply modified by a crawler crane, the structure of the drilling machine modified by the crawler crane comprises the crawler crane, a pile frame (2) and a power head (3), and the pile frame (2) has a drilling tool centering function.
3. A telescopic drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill and a use method thereof as claimed in any one of claims 1, wherein: each single down-the-hole hammer on the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) is provided with a closed outer sleeve, all exhaust of the collected down-the-hole hammers is discharged into an exhaust channel inside the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) and is discharged into the atmosphere through a power pipeline and an exhaust pipe (6), the bottom of the down-the-hole hammer is not provided with an exhaust hole, the exhaust of the down-the-hole hammer cannot be discharged into mud in a pile hole, and a mud residue suction pipe is arranged in the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1).
4. A telescopic drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill and a use method thereof as claimed in any one of claims 1, wherein: the steel wire rope (7) is fixed on a rotary support in the drill rod joint (8), can freely rotate, and is retracted to enable the drill rod (4) to stretch; the slurry discharge pipe (5) is a hose, penetrates through the drill stem (4), and is connected with the slurry discharge pipe on the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) through a drill stem joint (8); the power pipeline and the exhaust pipe (6) are hoses or cables, penetrate through the drill rod (4), and are connected with the power pipeline and the exhaust pipe on the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) through a drill rod joint (8); the mud discharging pipe (5), the power pipeline and the exhaust pipe (6) are not connected with the drill rod (4) and can freely rotate and relatively move in the drill rod (4).
5. The telescoping drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill and method of use thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein: during the drilling process of the geological with the covering layer by using the mud reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill, the wall of the hole is protected to be stable by adopting a mud wall protection method without the need of a pile casing to follow.
6. The method of using a telescoping drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill as claimed in any one of claims 1, wherein: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
the method comprises the following steps: assembling;
connecting a power pipeline, an exhaust pipe (6) and a steel wire rope (7) with a pipeline joint and a steel wire rope rotary support in a drill rod joint (8), wherein the other ends of the power pipeline and the exhaust pipe (6) are communicated with a power source;
connecting a drill rod (4) with a drill rod joint (8) and a cluster down-the-hole hammer (1);
communicating the slurry discharge pipe (5) with a ground slurry treatment system;
step two: hoisting;
a steel wire rope (7) suspends the drill rod and other drilling tools to a drilling station;
step three: drilling;
starting the power head (3) to drive the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) to swing and rotate in a reciprocating manner at 360 degrees;
starting a power source to enable the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) to impact rock drilling, injecting high-pressure air into a slag suction pipe in the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) to form mud gas-lift reverse circulation, and discharging drilling slag through a slurry discharge pipe (5) to realize drilling of rock and soil by the down-the-hole hammer; the treated high-quality slurry is reinjected into the drill hole to realize slurry wall protection, and a casing is not required to follow in the process of geological drilling of a covering layer;
and synchronously lowering the steel wire rope (7), the slurry discharge pipe (5), the power pipeline and the exhaust pipe (6) to ensure that the drill rod (4) is lowered while drilling until the drilling is finished.
7. The method of using a telescoping drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill as claimed in claim 6, wherein: in the third step, when the drill hole is a water-wet hole, high-pressure air is injected into a slag suction pipe in the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) to form slurry gas lift reverse circulation slag discharge;
when the drilled hole is a dry hole without water, an air injection and suction device is arranged in a slag suction pipe of the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1), and high-pressure air is injected to form air reverse circulation slag removal;
when the drilling is shallow hole drilling, an air injection and suction device is arranged in a slag suction pipe of the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1), and high-pressure air is injected to form slurry reverse circulation or air reverse circulation slag removal.
CN202111015199.1A 2021-08-31 2021-08-31 Telescopic drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill and use method thereof Pending CN113585958A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024088229A1 (en) * 2022-10-26 2024-05-02 武汉通途鑫路桥工程有限公司 Non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drilling machine and use method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024088229A1 (en) * 2022-10-26 2024-05-02 武汉通途鑫路桥工程有限公司 Non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drilling machine and use method thereof

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