CN113584957A - Two-stage bolt-anchor assembling integral type track unit and bolt-anchor assembling integral type track - Google Patents
Two-stage bolt-anchor assembling integral type track unit and bolt-anchor assembling integral type track Download PDFInfo
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- CN113584957A CN113584957A CN202110767938.6A CN202110767938A CN113584957A CN 113584957 A CN113584957 A CN 113584957A CN 202110767938 A CN202110767938 A CN 202110767938A CN 113584957 A CN113584957 A CN 113584957A
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
- E01B1/002—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
- E01B1/002—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers
- E01B1/005—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers with sleeper shoes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
- E01B1/002—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers
- E01B1/007—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers with interlocking means to withstand horizontal forces
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B2/00—General structure of permanent way
- E01B2/003—Arrangement of tracks on bridges or in tunnels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
- E01B9/28—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members
- E01B9/30—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members by resilient steel clips
- E01B9/303—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members by resilient steel clips the clip being a shaped bar
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/68—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/68—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair
- E01B9/681—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by the material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B2201/00—Fastening or restraining methods
- E01B2201/04—Fastening or restraining methods by bolting, nailing or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B2204/00—Characteristics of the track and its foundations
- E01B2204/09—Ballastless systems
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B2204/00—Characteristics of the track and its foundations
- E01B2204/15—Layout or geometry of the track
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a two-stage bolt-anchor assembling integral type track unit and a bolt-anchor assembling integral type track, which comprise: the track plate group, the vibration reduction layer and the base plate are sequentially overlapped from top to bottom. The integrated rail unit for assembling the secondary bolt anchor also comprises a primary bolt anchor system and a secondary bolt anchor system, wherein the primary bolt anchor system fastens the steel rail on the rail bearing platform through a fastener, the fixed end of the secondary bolt anchor system is pre-embedded in the base plate, and the secondary bolt anchor system upwards sequentially penetrates through the base plate, the vibration damping layer and the rail plate group and then extends out so as to connect and fix the base plate, the vibration damping layer and the rail plate group into a rapidly-assembled integral structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to a secondary bolt-anchor assembly integral type rail unit. In addition, the present invention relates to a bolt-anchor assembling type rail having a two-stage bolt-anchor assembling type rail unit.
Background
The ballastless track structure has become a main track structure type of a high-speed railway due to the advantages of high smoothness, high stability, less maintenance and the like, and the common structure comprises a track plate, a filling layer, a concrete base or a supporting layer. At present, except that the track plate is prefabricated in a factory, other parts of the slab ballastless track structure of the high-speed railway, such as a bed plate and a filling layer, are manufactured in a cast-in-place mode, and the track structure is constructed in a reverse method, namely, a concrete base or a supporting layer is poured firstly, then the filling layer is formed between the prefabricated track plate and the concrete base or the supporting layer through pouring and filling so as to connect the track plate and the concrete base or the supporting layer, then the track plate is finely adjusted firstly, and then the slab lower adjusting layer is poured. The vertical multilayer and longitudinal heterogeneous belt-shaped structure system has the characteristics of large attribute difference of building materials, multiple structural layers, complex service environment and the like, so that the following problems are easy to occur:
under the long-term repeated action of multi-environment and multi-action coupling, such as temperature change, rainwater erosion, medium erosion, repeated train load and the like, different disease phenomena such as crack separation of a track slab and a CA mortar layer, crack separation of the track slab and an SCC layer, longitudinal instability of a longitudinally-connected ballastless track structure, extrusion of filling resin for a convex baffle platform, splayed crack of the track slab, cracking of a base plate and the like easily occur, the service safety and the driving comfort of the track structure are influenced, and the maintenance is difficult;
secondly, the traditional construction method of the high-speed railway track structure has large workload of field wet operation, causes the problems of high precision control difficulty, poor quality stability, high construction cost and the like of the track structure, and easily causes hidden danger of construction quality;
the structure has large vibration response and relatively large noise of the wheel track, the concrete base and the cement emulsified asphalt mortar layer/self-compacting concrete in the prefabricated plate type ballastless track are constructed on site, the construction efficiency is influenced by more working procedures, and the durability of the cement emulsified asphalt mortar layer is poor;
because the difference of the attributes of the building materials among the track slab, the filling layer and the base plate is large, and the structure layers are multiple, the multi-layer track structure is difficult to work cooperatively during service, the service function of each layer of structure cannot meet the design requirement, and the whole force transmission path of the structure is undefined, thereby influencing the stability and the service life of the track structure during service.
In conclusion, China makes an important breakthrough in the aspect of ballastless track structures and provides guarantees for the strategy of rapid development and 'going away' of high-speed railways in China, but because the research and development and operation time of ballastless track structure systems in China are short, the traditional track form and construction method cannot meet the requirements of track structure construction with high precision, few diseases, energy conservation, environmental protection and intelligence, and the selection range of completely independently innovative track structure forms is limited. Therefore, a full-life design concept, intelligent construction, operation and maintenance technology and the like based on safety service are urgently needed, and research on a novel track structure and a construction technology thereof is deeply developed to form a novel assembly type track structure with independent intellectual property rights and an intelligent construction complete technology thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a two-stage bolt-anchor assembled integral type track unit and a bolt-anchor assembled integral type track, which aim to solve the technical problems that an existing ballastless track structure is easy to generate gap, the workload of field wet operation during construction is large, the quality stability is poor, the process is complex, the stability of the track structure during service is poor, the service life is short, the maintenance and the repair of the track structure are difficult, the replacement is difficult and the like. The method can be applied to new construction, reconstruction, maintenance and repair of high-speed rails, ordinary rails, subways, urban railways and the like, particularly lines with poor construction conditions in hard mountainous areas or areas with strict control over vibration and noise.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a secondary bolt-anchor assembled monolithic track unit comprising: the track plate group, the vibration reduction layer and the base plate are sequentially overlapped from top to bottom along the height direction, and the track plate group, the vibration reduction layer and the base plate respectively extend along the running direction of the train; the second-level bolt-anchor assembly integral type track unit further comprises a first-level buckling and anchoring system and a second-level bolt-anchoring system, and the first-level buckling and anchoring system buckles the steel rail on the rail bearing platform through the first buckle component; the fixed end of the second-level bolting and anchoring system is pre-buried in the base plate, and the connecting end of the second-level bolting and anchoring system upwards sequentially penetrates through the base plate, the vibration reduction layer and the track plate group and then extends out so as to connect and fix the base plate, the vibration reduction layer and the track plate group into an integral structure capable of being assembled quickly.
The track plate group comprises a track plate which plays a supporting role and extends along the running direction of the train, steel rails which extend along the length direction of the track plate and are arranged above the track plate at intervals in parallel, and rail bearing platforms which are sequentially arranged on the upper surface of the track plate at intervals along the length direction of the track plate and are used for supporting the correspondingly arranged steel rails; the rail bearing platform is connected with a first fastener group used for locking and fixing the steel rail and the rail bearing platform.
Furthermore, the vibration damping layer is mainly formed by compounding an organic-inorganic composite material, a high polymer material and an inorganic material; the vibration damping layer forms a series of products according to the grade difference of 0.4 mm-0.6 mm so as to adapt to the requirements of millimeter-grade high-smoothness installation of the steel rail.
Furthermore, the number of the damping layers is one, and one damping layer extends along the length direction of the track plate; or the number of the vibration damping layers is a plurality of, and the vibration damping layers are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction of the track plate.
Furthermore, the number of the damping layers is multiple, the damping layers are sequentially arranged at intervals along the width direction of the track plate, and each damping strip extends along the length direction of the track plate; or the number of the damping layers is multiple, the multiple damping layers are sequentially arranged at intervals along the width direction of the track plate, and the damping strips are disconnected into multiple damping layers which are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction of the track plate.
Further, the base plate is cast in situ on a railway roadbed, a bridge or a tunnel; the bed plate is used for supporting the vibration reduction layer and the track plate group and is used for accurately controlling the smoothness of the top surface of the base plate in the pouring forming process, and then accurately controlling the smoothness precision of the top surface of the second-level bolt-anchor assembly integral track unit.
Furthermore, the secondary bolt-anchor system comprises a plurality of bases pre-embedded in base plates, a truss reinforcing mesh connecting the bases into a whole, a plurality of spiral anchor rods and a plurality of groups of second fastener groups arranged corresponding to the spiral anchor rods; the fixed end of the spiral anchor rod is fixed with the correspondingly arranged base, and the connecting end of the spiral anchor rod sequentially penetrates through the base plate, the vibration damping layer and the track plate and then extends upwards; second fastener group threaded connection corresponds on the excircle of the overhanging end of the spiral stock that sets up to be used for cooperation spiral stock and base effect, but fixed into rapid Assembly's overall structure with bed plate, damping layer, and track plate group connection.
Furthermore, the second fastener group comprises a steel base plate, an elastic strip, a washer and a locking nut, wherein the steel base plate is arranged on the outer circle of the spiral anchor rod, the steel base plate is supported on the upper surface of the track plate, the upper surface of the steel base plate is concave inwards to form a clamping groove, two ends of the elastic strip are clamped and fixed in the clamping groove, and the washer is clamped between the locking nut and the elastic strip; or the second fastener group comprises a steel base plate, a gasket and a locking nut which are arranged on the excircle of the spiral anchor rod, the steel base plate is arranged on the upper surface of the track plate, and the gasket is clamped between the locking nut and the elastic strip.
Furthermore, the second fastener group comprises an elastic strip, a gasket, a locking nut, a steel backing plate and an elastic backing plate; the steel backing plate is arranged in an inner groove of the rail bearing platform, symmetrically arranged relative to the steel rail after passing through a gap between the steel rail and the rail bearing platform, and the elastic backing plate is arranged in the inner groove of the steel backing plate; the number of the elastic strips is two, and the elastic strips are respectively sleeved on the outer circles of the extending ends of the two spiral anchor rods positioned at the two sides of the steel rail; the quantity of packing ring and lock nut is two respectively, and two packing rings and two lock nuts are installed respectively on the excircle of the overhanging end of two spiral stock, will install packing ring, bullet strip, elasticity backing plate and the steel backing plate on the spiral stock that corresponds on bearing the upper surface of rail platform through lock nut.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a bolt-assembling integrated rail including: and secondary bolt anchors which are sequentially arranged at intervals along the running direction of the train are assembled into an integral track unit.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
compared with the prior art that the concrete base and the track plate are connected into a multilayer composite or superposed structure through the filling layer filled between the concrete base and the track plate, when the integral track unit is assembled by constructing the secondary bolt anchor, the base plate, the vibration reduction layer and the track plate group are connected and fixed into an integral structure through the pre-buried secondary bolt anchor system, the integral structure has stable and adjustable coordinated working performance, so that the disease phenomena of 'gap between the track plate and a CA mortar layer, gap between the track plate and an SCC layer' and the like can not occur, and the track structure can be safely in service, has good driving comfort and is simple to maintain and repair; compared with the filling layer cast-in-place molding in the prior art, the two-stage bolt-anchor assembly integrated track unit realizes the intelligent construction of the prefabricated assembly of the vibration damping layer, so that the workload of field wet operation is greatly reduced, the material waste is small, the precision control difficulty of the track unit is small, the quality stability is good, the construction cost is low, and the hidden danger of construction quality is not easily caused.
Compared with the prior art that the integral smoothness of the track structure is controlled by pouring the filling layer in site construction, in the secondary bolt-anchor assembling integral track unit structure, the smoothness of the top surface of the base plate is accurately controlled in the base plate pouring process, so that the integral smoothness of the secondary bolt-anchor assembling integral track unit is controlled, the track plate group and the vibration damping layer are prefabricated in factories, the smoothness accuracy is easier to control, and the vibration damping layer with corresponding thickness can be adaptively selected according to the actual pouring situation of the base plate to make up the defect of base plate pouring, so that the secondary bolt-anchor assembling integral track unit is simple in fine adjustment and installation, high in installation accuracy and simple in construction process.
Compared with the prior structure that the track plate and the base plate form a vertical multi-layer and longitudinal heterogeneous belt-shaped structure system through the middle filling layer, the track plate and the base plate have large attribute difference of building materials and more structural layers, in the two-stage bolt-anchor assembly integral track unit, the track plate group, the vibration reduction layer and the base plate are connected and fixed into a whole through the two-stage bolt-anchor system, so that the influence of the attribute difference of the building materials among the track plate group, the vibration reduction layer and the base plate on the connection stability of the three is small, the vibration reduction layer has an elastic vibration reduction function and can be closely attached to the track plate group and the base plate through micro deformation, the track unit structure can well cooperate during service, interlayer separation seams caused by temperature action can be eliminated, the service function of each layer of the structure reaches the design requirement, and the whole force transmission path of the structure is clear, And further, the stability of the track structure during service is good and the service life is long.
Compared with the prior art that the track plate and the base plate form a corresponding track structure through the middle filling layer, in the secondary bolt anchor assembly integral track unit, the track plate group, the vibration reduction layer and the base plate are connected and fixed through the secondary bolt anchor system to form a quickly assembled integral structure, and the integral structure is simple in connection and fixation and easy to disassemble and assemble and maintain.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a secondary bolt-anchor assembled monolithic track unit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional exploded schematic view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the secondary bolt-anchor assembled monolithic track unit damping layer of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the secondary bolt-anchor assembled monolithic track unit damping layer of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a third embodiment of the secondary bolt-anchor assembled monolithic track unit damping layer of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a fourth embodiment of the secondary bolt-anchor assembled monolithic track unit damping layer of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a fifth embodiment of the secondary bolt-anchor assembled monolithic track unit damping layer of FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the secondary bolt-anchor system of the secondary bolt-anchor assembly monolithic track unit of FIG. 1;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the secondary bolt anchor system of the secondary bolt anchor assembly monolithic track unit of FIG. 1;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a third embodiment of the secondary bolt-anchor system of the secondary bolt-anchor assembly monolithic track unit of FIG. 1;
FIG. 11 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the secondary bolt-anchor assembly monolithic track unit of FIG. 1 constructed on a roadbed;
FIG. 12 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the secondary bolt-anchor assembled monolithic track unit in FIG. 1 built on a bridge;
fig. 13 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the secondary bolt-anchor assembly integrated track unit in fig. 1 built on a tunnel.
Description of the figures
1. A steel rail; 2. a first fastener group; 3. a track plate group; 301. a rail bearing platform; 302. a track plate; 4. a vibration damping layer; 5. a secondary bolt and anchor system; 501. a second fastener group; 502. a spiral anchor rod; 503. a base; 504. pre-burying a sleeve; 505. a truss reinforcing mesh; 6. a base plate; 7. a roadbed; 8. a box girder; 9. a support; 10. a bridge pier; 11. a train; 12. and (4) tunneling.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention can be embodied in many different forms, which are defined and covered by the following description.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a prefabricated track plate group 3 for guiding a train 11 to run and transferring a load, a vibration damping layer 4 for damping and reducing noise, and a base plate 6 cast in situ to form an assembled monolithic track unit for leveling a secondary bolt anchor, wherein the track plate group 3, the vibration damping layer 4, and the base plate 6 are sequentially stacked from top to bottom in a height direction, and the track plate group 3, the vibration damping layer 4, and the base plate 6 respectively extend in a train running direction; the second-level bolt-anchor assembly integral type track unit further comprises a first-level buckling and anchoring system and a second-level bolt-anchor system 5, wherein the first-level buckling and anchoring system buckles the steel rail 1 on the rail bearing platform 301 through the first buckle assembly 2; the fixed end of the second-level bolting and anchoring system 5 is pre-buried in the base plate 6, and the connecting end of the second-level bolting and anchoring system 5 upwards sequentially penetrates through the base plate 6, the vibration reduction layer 4 and the track plate group 3 and then extends out so as to connect and fix the base plate 6, the vibration reduction layer 4 and the track plate group 3 into an integral structure capable of being rapidly assembled.
Before constructing the secondary bolt-anchor assembling integral type track unit, firstly prefabricating each component structure of a track plate group 3 in a factory, assembling and connecting each component structure to form the track plate group 3, then selecting a corresponding vibration reduction layer 4 according to the specific application scene, stress condition and the like of the secondary bolt-anchor assembling integral type track unit, and constructing a secondary bolt-anchor system 5; when the integral track unit is assembled by the secondary bolt anchor, firstly, a base plate 6 extending along the running direction of a train is cast on site on a road foundation, and when the base plate 6 is cast, the fixed end of the constructed secondary bolt anchor system 5 is pre-embedded in the base plate 6, the connecting end of the secondary bolt anchor system 5 extends upwards out of the base plate 6, and meanwhile, in the process of casting the base plate 6, the smoothness of the base plate 6 is accurately adjusted in real time according to the smoothness requirement of the integral track unit assembled by the secondary bolt anchor; then, the vibration reduction layer 4 is sequentially arranged on the formed base plate 6 after penetrating the extending end of the secondary bolting system 5, the track plate group 3 is arranged on the vibration reduction layer 4 after penetrating the extending end of the secondary bolting system 5, and finally the secondary bolting system 5 is screwed, so that the base plate 6, the vibration reduction layer 4 and the track plate group 3 can be connected and fixed into an integral structure capable of being assembled quickly through the secondary bolting system 5. When the two-stage bolt-anchor assembly integral type track unit is applied to maintenance and reconstruction of an existing track structure, the fixed end of a two-stage bolt-anchor system 5 cannot be embedded in an existing base plate, after a track plate group and a filling layer are uncovered, the existing base plate is ground into millimeter-scale smooth control precision, then holes are drilled in the existing base plate, sleeve grouting is embedded, and after a vibration damping layer 4 and a track plate group 3 are laid on the ground base plate, the two-stage bolt-anchor system 5 sequentially penetrates through the vibration damping layer 4 and the track plate group 3 upwards and then extends out to be connected and fixed into an integral structure.
Compared with the prior art that the concrete base and the track slab are connected into a multilayer composite or superposed structure through the filling layer filled between the concrete base and the track slab, when the integral track unit is assembled by the two-level bolt anchor, the base plate 6, the vibration damping layer 4 and the track slab group 3 are connected and fixed into an integral structure through the pre-buried two-level bolt anchor system 5, the integral structure has stable and adjustable coordination working performance, so that the phenomena of diseases such as 'separation of the track slab and a CA mortar layer, separation of the track slab and an SCC layer' and the like can be avoided, and the track structure can be safely in service, has good driving comfort and is simple to maintain and repair; compared with the filling layer cast-in-place forming in the prior art, the two-stage bolt-anchor assembly integrated track unit realizes the intelligent construction of the prefabricated assembly of the vibration damping layer, so that the workload of field wet operation is greatly reduced, the material waste is less, the precision control difficulty of the track unit is small, the quality stability is good, the construction cost is lower, and the hidden danger of construction quality is not easily caused.
Compared with the prior art that the integral smoothness of the track structure is controlled by pouring the filling layer through site construction, in the secondary bolt-anchor assembling integral track unit structure, the smoothness of the base plate 6 is accurately controlled in the process of pouring the base plate 6, so that the integral smoothness of the secondary bolt-anchor assembling integral track unit is controlled, the track plate group 3 and the vibration reduction layer 4 are prefabricated in factories, the smoothness precision is easier to control, and the vibration reduction layer 4 with the corresponding thickness can be adaptively selected according to the actual pouring situation of the base plate 6 to make up the defect of pouring the base plate 6, so that the secondary bolt-anchor assembling integral track unit is simple in fine adjustment and installation, high in installation precision and simple in construction process.
Compared with the prior structure that the track plate and the base plate form a vertical multi-layer and longitudinal heterogeneous belt-shaped structure system through the middle filling layer, the filling layer has large attribute difference and more structural layers with building materials between the track plate and the base plate, in the secondary bolt-anchor assembly integral track unit, the track plate group 3, the vibration reduction layer 4 and the base plate 6 are connected and fixed into a whole through the secondary bolt-anchor system 5, so the building material attribute difference among the track plate group 3, the vibration reduction layer 4 and the base plate 6 has small influence on the connection stability among the three, the vibration reduction layer 4 has an elastic damping function, and can be closely attached and connected with the track plate group 3 and the base plate 6 through micro deformation, therefore, the track unit structure can well work in cooperation during service, interlayer separation caused by temperature action can be eliminated, and the service function of each layer structure reaches the design requirement, and the whole force transmission path of the structure is clear and definite, so that the stability of the track structure during service is good and the service life is long.
Compared with the prior art that the track plate and the base plate form a corresponding track structure through the middle filling layer, in the secondary bolt anchor assembly integral track unit, the track plate group 3, the vibration reduction layer 4 and the base plate 6 are connected and fixed through the secondary bolt anchor system 5 to form a quickly assembled integral structure, and the integral structure is simple to connect and fix and easy to disassemble and maintain, so that the track plate group 3 with the track unit structure is simple to maintain and repair, simple to replace, low in maintenance cost, short in maintenance required period and low in labor intensity of workers, can be applied to newly building, rebuilding, maintaining and repairing high-speed rails, common railways, subways, urban railways and the like, and particularly can be applied to lines with poor construction conditions in severe mountain areas or areas with strict control on vibration and noise.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1, the track plate group 3 includes a track plate 302 extending along the train running direction for supporting, rails 1 extending along the length direction of the track plate 302 and arranged above the track plate 302 at parallel intervals, and a rail support 301 arranged on the upper surface of the track plate 302 at intervals along the length direction of the track plate 302 for supporting the correspondingly arranged rails 1. The rail bearing platform 301 is connected with a first fastener group 2 used for locking and fixing the steel rail 1 and the rail bearing platform 301. In the alternative, the track plate 302 and the track bearing platform 301 are prefabricated and molded by a factory, so that the processing is simple and the manufacturing precision is high. In the alternative, the number of the first fastener groups 2 is two, and the two first fastener groups 2 are respectively arranged on two sides of the steel rail 1; every first fastener of group 2 is including the spiral railway nail and the plain washer that are used for the straining rail, be used for preventing the spiral railway nail installation back pivoted bullet strip, an insulating block for straining rail lower extreme edge, a gauge apron that is used for supporting rail 1 and bearing platform 301 inner groovy, the rail bottom plate, the iron plate, elastic backing plate under the iron plate, heighten backing plate and pre-buried sleeve under the iron plate, spiral railway nail wears to establish the rail bottom plate, the iron plate, elastic backing plate under the iron plate, twist in the pre-buried sleeve of corresponding bearing platform 301 behind the heightening backing plate under the iron plate, through insulating block and bullet strip straining rail.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, the vibration damping layer 4 is mainly formed by compounding an organic-inorganic composite material, a polymer material, and an inorganic material. In the alternative, the damping layer 4 is made of rubber or low-elasticity-modulus resin, and the elastic compression amount of the damping layer 4 meets the requirement of rapid and fine leveling in the installation of the track slab 302 so as to compensate the casting accuracy of the base plate 6. The vibration damping layers 4 form a series of products according to the grade difference of 0.4 mm-0.6 mm so as to adapt to the installation requirement of the 1 mm-grade high smoothness of the steel rail, namely the vibration damping layers 4 form a series of products according to the grade difference of 0.4 mm-0.6 mm when being prefabricated, the thickness difference between two adjacent vibration damping layers 4 is 0.4 mm-0.6 mm, and then the track plate 302 can be accurately leveled so as to adapt to the installation requirement of the 1 mm-grade high smoothness of the steel rail.
Alternatively, in the first embodiment of the damping layer 4, as shown in fig. 3, the damping layer 4 is provided in one piece, and one damping layer 4 extends along the length direction of the track plate 302.
Optionally, in a second specific embodiment of the damping layer 4, as shown in fig. 4, the number of the damping layers 4 is multiple, and the multiple damping layers 4 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction of the track plate 302, specifically, the number of the damping layers 4 is not particularly limited, and is determined according to the installation and arrangement environment and the damping and buffering requirements thereof, if the installation and arrangement environment is severe, and the damping and buffering requirements are high, the number of the damping layers 4 is smaller, and the gap between two adjacent damping layers 4 is smaller.
Optionally, in a third specific embodiment of the damping layer 4, as shown in fig. 5, the number of the damping layers 4 is multiple, multiple damping layers 4 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the width direction of the track plate 302, and each damping strip extends along the length direction of the track plate 302, specifically, the number of the damping layers 4 is not specifically limited, and is determined according to the installation and installation environment and the damping and buffering requirements thereof, and if the installation and installation environment is severe, and the damping and buffering requirements are high, the number of the damping layers 4 is smaller, and the gap between two adjacent damping layers 4 is smaller.
Optionally, in a fourth specific embodiment of the damping layer 4, as shown in fig. 6, the number of the damping layers 4 is multiple, multiple damping layers 4 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the width direction of the track plate 302, and each damping strip is broken into multiple blocks arranged at intervals along the length direction of the track plate 302, specifically, the number of the damping layers 4 and the number of each block are not specifically limited, and are determined according to the installation and arrangement environment and the damping and buffering requirements thereof, and if the installation and arrangement environment is severe and the damping and buffering requirements are high, the number of the damping layers 4 is smaller, the number of each block is smaller, and the gap between two adjacent damping layers 4 is smaller.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 11-13, the foundation plate 6 is cast in situ on a railroad bed or a bridge or a tunnel; the foundation slab 6 can be installed over a wide range and has high adaptability as shown in fig. 13, for example, the foundation slab 6 is cast in place on the roadbed 7 of the railway as shown in fig. 11, or the foundation slab 6 is cast in place on the box girders 8 of the support 9 on the pier 10 as shown in fig. 12, or the foundation slab 6 is cast in place on the foundation of the tunnel 12. The bed plate 6 is used for supporting the vibration reduction layer 4 and the track plate group 3, and is used for accurately controlling the smoothness of the top surface of the bed plate in the pouring forming process, so that the second-level bolt anchor assembly integral track unit is accurately controlled to have the smoothness precision of millimeter level, namely the smoothness precision of the top surface of the bed plate 6 can reach millimeter level. During actual construction, if an imported paver is adopted for construction, the elevation of a base layer is controlled by using machine vision measurement, meanwhile, settlement observation is enhanced, the stability of the roadbed is analyzed and predicted according to data obtained by observation, in order to reduce errors of elevation and thickness control, a section of every 8-10 m can be adopted, and a plurality of point measurements are sequentially arranged on each section at intervals; when the number of elevation measuring points is large in construction, the workload of elevation comparison and thickness calculation is large, an electronic computer can be used for conducting elevation comparison and thickness calculation, the set elevation of the base plate and the measured elevation of each measuring point are made into a data file, the difference value between the elevation of each measuring point and the designed elevation, the thickness of each measuring point, the thickness average value, the mean square deviation and the representative value of each paragraph are calculated through a compiled data processing program, and therefore the next adjustment and control can be guided.
Or, according to the requirement of high-precision construction of the position and shape of the assembly type track base plate, the construction effect, the implementation performance and the accessibility of the base plate precision are comprehensively considered, and the intelligent construction equipment technology of the assembly type track base plate is researched, and the intelligent construction equipment technology can comprise the following technical modules: 1) base plate concrete placement technique: through the comparative research on the technical advantages and feasibility of fixed and movable concrete mixing stations, the construction modes of a concrete raw material supply system and a raw material mixing and pouring system are provided, and the implementation technology and equipment of the base plate concrete pouring process flow are provided; 2) the intelligent space configuration precise control technology comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of providing a precise measurement and intelligent control technology suitable for the position shape of a base plate of an assembled track structure by integrating an inertial navigation system, a global positioning navigation system (GPS, Beidou), a vision measurement system, a three-dimensional laser scanning system and the like through comparison and selection; 3) shaping and shaping technology: corresponding construction technology and equipment are provided through the feasibility of a base plate shaping forming technology, a space profile extrusion adjusting technology and a top surface planing, grinding and leveling technology, so that an intelligent base plate shaping and shaping technology with self-adaptability is formed; 4) the intelligent control system comprises: a central control system of the assembly type track bed plate intelligent construction equipment technology is provided by integrating a bed plate concrete pouring technology, an intelligent space configuration precise control technology and a shaping and shaping technology, so that perception identification, precise measurement, intelligent decision and feedback adjustment of the whole process of bed plate construction are realized, and the requirement of precise shaping of the space configuration of the bed plate is met.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the secondary bolting system 5 includes a plurality of bases 503 pre-buried in the base plate 6, a truss reinforcement 505 connecting the plurality of bases 503 into a whole, a plurality of spiral bolts 502, and a plurality of second fastener sets 501 disposed corresponding to the plurality of spiral bolts 502. The fixed end of the spiral anchor rod 502 is fixed with the base 503 correspondingly arranged, and the connecting end of the spiral anchor rod 502 sequentially penetrates through the base plate 6, the damping layer 4 and the track plate 302 and then extends upwards. The second fastener set 501 is in threaded connection with the outer circle of the correspondingly arranged extending end of the spiral anchor rod 502, so as to be used for matching the functions of the spiral anchor rod 502 and the base 503 to connect and fix the base plate 6, the damping layer 4 and the track plate group 3 into a fast-assembly type integral structure. The truss reinforcing mesh 505 is used for integrally connecting the bases 503 to enhance the stability of the overall structure of the secondary bolting system 5, and also used for enhancing the structural strength of the base plate 6 and the connection strength between the secondary bolting system 5 and the base plate 6; an embedded sleeve 504 is embedded in the base plate 6, the embedded sleeve 504 is arranged corresponding to each spiral anchor rod 502, so that the spiral anchor rods 502 arranged correspondingly are arranged in a penetrating manner, the spiral anchor rods 502 are protected, and the force application pull rod operation of the spiral anchor rods 502 is facilitated. Further, as shown in fig. 7, in the fifth embodiment of the damping layer 4, the damping layer 4 includes a plurality of damping blocks, the plurality of damping blocks are disposed corresponding to the plurality of spiral anchors 502, and the connecting ends of the spiral anchors 502 extend upward after penetrating through the corresponding damping blocks.
In this alternative, as shown in fig. 8, in the first embodiment of the second fastener set 501, the second fastener set 501 includes a steel backing plate, an elastic strip, a gasket and a locking nut, the steel backing plate is supported on the upper surface of the track plate 302, the upper surface of the steel backing plate is concave to form a slot, two ends of the elastic strip are clamped and fixed in the slot, the gasket is clamped between the locking nut and the elastic strip, the elastic strip prevents the spiral anchor rod 502 from loosening during service, and the stability and safety of the secondary bolt-anchor system 5 are enhanced; by tightening the locking nut, the washer, the spring bar, and the steel shim plate are pressed against the upper surface of the track plate 302.
In this alternative, as shown in fig. 9, in the second embodiment of the second fastener set 501, the second fastener set 501 includes a steel shim plate, a washer and a lock nut, which are installed on the outer circle of the spiral anchor rod 502, the steel shim plate is supported on the upper surface of the track plate 302, the washer is clamped between the lock nut and the elastic strip, and the washer and the steel shim plate are pressed on the upper surface of the track plate 302 by tightening the lock nut.
In this alternative, as shown in fig. 10, in the third embodiment of the second fastener set 501, the second fastener set 501 includes a spring bar, a washer, a lock nut, a steel backing plate, and an elastic backing plate; the steel backing plate is arranged in an inner groove of the rail bearing platform, symmetrically arranged relative to the steel rail 1 after the steel rail 1 and the rail bearing platform are penetrated and arranged in a gap, and the elastic backing plate is arranged in the inner groove of the steel backing plate; the number of the elastic strips is two, and the two elastic strips are respectively sleeved on the outer circles of the extending ends of the two spiral anchor rods 502 positioned at the two sides of the steel rail 1; the quantity of packing ring and lock nut is two respectively, and two packing rings and two lock nuts are installed respectively on the excircle of the overhanging end of two spiral stock 502, will install packing ring, bullet strip, elasticity backing plate and the steel backing plate on corresponding spiral stock 502 through lock nut and compress tightly on the upper surface of support rail platform. In the first, second, and third embodiments of the second fastener set 501, the structure is simple, and the fastening is safe and reliable.
Referring to fig. 11 to 13, a preferred embodiment of the present invention also provides a bolt-assembling integrated rail including: and secondary bolt anchors which are sequentially arranged at intervals along the running direction of the train are assembled into an integral track unit. The base plate, the vibration reduction layer and the track plate group of the secondary bolt-anchor assembly integral track unit are connected and fixed into an integral structure through a pre-buried secondary bolt-anchor system, so that the bolt-anchor assembly integral track has a stable integral structure and a clear integral force transmission path, the disease phenomena of 'gap between a track plate and a CA mortar layer and gap between the track plate and an SCC layer' are avoided, and the track structure has good stability and long service life during service; the workload of field wet operation is greatly reduced, the quality stability is good, and the intelligent construction of prefabricated assembly can be realized; the track structure is simple in connection and fixation, easy to disassemble, assemble and maintain, simple to replace, low in maintenance cost, short in maintenance required period and low in labor intensity of workers; the vibration is little, the noise is low, each structural layer function is clear, the construction is convenient, and the construction quality is easy to guarantee. The bolt-anchor assembly integral type track can be applied to new construction, reconstruction, maintenance and repair of high-speed railways, common railways, subways, urban railways and the like, particularly lines with poor construction conditions in hard mountainous areas or areas with strict control over vibration and noise.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A secondary bolt-anchor assembled monolithic track unit comprising:
the two-stage bolt-anchor assembling integrated track unit comprises a prefabricated track plate group (3) for guiding the train to run and transmitting load, a vibration reduction layer (4) for reducing vibration and noise and a base plate (6) for forming the two-stage bolt-anchor assembling integrated track unit in a cast-in-place mode, wherein the track plate group (3), the vibration reduction layer (4) and the base plate (6) are sequentially overlapped from top to bottom along the height direction, and the track plate group (3), the vibration reduction layer (4) and the base plate (6) respectively extend along the train running direction;
the secondary bolt-anchor assembly integral track unit further comprises a primary bolt-anchor system and a secondary bolt-anchor system (5), wherein the primary bolt-anchor system fastens the steel rail (1) on the rail bearing platform (301) through the first fastener group (2);
the stiff end of anchor system (5) is tied to the second grade is pre-buried in bed plate (6), the link of anchor system (5) is tied to the second grade upwards wears to establish in proper order bed plate (6) damping layer (4) reach stretch out behind track board group (3), with be used for with bed plate (6) damping layer (4) reach track board group (3) are connected and are fixed into the overall structure that can assemble fast.
2. The secondary bolt-anchor assembled monolithic track unit of claim 1,
the track plate group (3) comprises a track plate (302) which plays a supporting role and extends along the running direction of a train, the steel rails (1) which extend along the length direction of the track plate (302) and are parallelly arranged above the track plate (302) at intervals, and the rail bearing platforms (301) which are sequentially arranged on the upper surface of the track plate (302) at intervals along the length direction of the track plate (302) and are used for supporting the correspondingly arranged steel rails (1);
the rail bearing platform (301) is connected with the first fastener group (2) used for locking and fixing the steel rail (1) and the rail bearing platform (301).
3. The secondary bolt-anchor assembled monolithic track unit of claim 2,
the vibration damping layer (4) is mainly formed by compounding an organic-inorganic composite material, a high polymer material and an inorganic material;
the vibration damping layer (4) forms a series of products according to the grade difference of 0.4 mm-0.6 mm so as to adapt to the millimeter-grade high-smoothness installation requirement of the steel rail (1).
4. The secondary bolt-anchor assembled monolithic track unit of claim 2,
the number of the vibration damping layers (4) is one, and one vibration damping layer (4) extends along the length direction of the track plate (302); or
The number of the vibration reduction layers (4) is multiple, and the vibration reduction layers (4) are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction of the track plate (302).
5. The secondary bolt-anchor assembled monolithic track unit of claim 2,
the number of the vibration damping layers (4) is multiple, the vibration damping layers (4) are sequentially arranged at intervals along the width direction of the track plate (302), and each vibration damping strip extends along the length direction of the track plate (302); or
The number of the vibration reduction layers (4) is multiple, the vibration reduction layers (4) are sequentially arranged at intervals in the width direction of the track plate (302), and the vibration reduction strips are disconnected into multiple blocks which are sequentially arranged at intervals in the length direction of the track plate (302).
6. The secondary bolt-anchor assembled monolithic track unit of claim 1,
the base plate (6) is cast in situ on a railway roadbed, a bridge or a tunnel;
the base plate (6) is used for supporting the vibration reduction layer (4) and the track plate group (3) and is used for accurately controlling the smoothness of the top surface of the two-level bolt anchor assembly integral track unit in the pouring forming process through millimeter-level accuracy control, and then accurately controlling the smoothness of the top surface of the two-level bolt anchor assembly integral track unit.
7. The secondary bolt-anchor assembled monolithic track unit of claim 2,
the two-stage bolt-and-anchor system (5) comprises a plurality of bases (503) pre-buried in the base plates (6), a truss reinforcing mesh (505) for connecting the bases (503) into a whole, a plurality of spiral anchor rods (502), and a plurality of groups of second fastener groups (501) arranged corresponding to the spiral anchor rods (502);
the fixed end of the spiral anchor rod (502) is fixed with the base (503) which is correspondingly arranged, and the connecting end of the spiral anchor rod (502) sequentially penetrates through the base plate (6), the vibration reduction layer (4) and the track plate (302) and then extends upwards;
the second fastener group (501) is in threaded connection with the outer circle of the extending end of the spiral anchor rod (502) which is correspondingly arranged, so that the second fastener group is used for matching the spiral anchor rod (502) and the base (503) to act, and the base plate (6), the vibration reduction layer (4) and the track plate group (3) are connected and fixed into a quick-assembly type integral structure.
8. The secondary bolt-anchor assembled monolithic track unit of claim 7,
the second fastener group (501) comprises a steel base plate, an elastic strip, a gasket and a locking nut, wherein the steel base plate is arranged on the outer circle of the spiral anchor rod (502), the steel base plate is supported on the upper surface of the track plate (302), the upper surface of the steel base plate is concave inwards to form a clamping groove, two ends of the elastic strip are clamped and fixed in the clamping groove, and the gasket is clamped between the locking nut and the elastic strip; or
The second fastener group (501) comprises a steel base plate, a washer and a locking nut, wherein the steel base plate, the washer and the locking nut are arranged on the outer circle of the spiral anchor rod (502), the steel base plate is arranged on the upper surface of the track plate (302), and the washer is clamped between the locking nut and the elastic strip.
9. The secondary bolt-anchor assembled monolithic track unit of claim 7,
the second fastener group (501) comprises an elastic strip, a gasket, a locking nut, a steel base plate and an elastic base plate;
the steel backing plate is arranged in an inner groove of the rail bearing platform, symmetrically arranged relative to the steel rail (1) after passing through a gap between the steel rail (1) and the rail bearing platform, and arranged in the inner groove of the steel backing plate;
the number of the elastic strips is two, and the two elastic strips are respectively sleeved on the outer circles of the extending ends of the two spiral anchor rods (502) positioned on the two sides of the steel rail (1);
the number of the gaskets and the number of the locking nuts are two respectively, the two gaskets and the two locking nuts are arranged on outer circles of the extending ends of the two spiral anchor rods (502), and the gaskets, the elastic strips, the elastic base plates and the steel base plates which are arranged on the corresponding spiral anchor rods (502) are pressed on the upper surface of the rail bearing platform through the locking nuts.
10. A bolt-anchor assembly monolithic track comprising:
and the secondary bolt anchors are sequentially arranged at intervals along the running direction of the train to assemble the integral track unit.
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| CN202110767938.6A CN113584957A (en) | 2021-07-07 | 2021-07-07 | Two-stage bolt-anchor assembling integral type track unit and bolt-anchor assembling integral type track |
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Application publication date: 20211102 |