CN113584362A - High-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for automobile engine and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for automobile engine and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113584362A CN113584362A CN202110861823.3A CN202110861823A CN113584362A CN 113584362 A CN113584362 A CN 113584362A CN 202110861823 A CN202110861823 A CN 202110861823A CN 113584362 A CN113584362 A CN 113584362A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/18—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/14—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/16—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with magnesium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/057—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with copper as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy materials, and particularly relates to a high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for an automobile engine and a preparation method thereof. The aluminum alloy comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: mn: 0.40-0.50%, Cu: 2.5-3.0%, Zr: 0.12-0.22%, Mg: 0.1-0.2%, Zn: 0.1-0.4%, Fe: 0.1-0.25%, Ti: 0.2-0.3%, Si: 0.3-0.4%, Be: 0.05-0.1%, Ni: 0.08-0.15%, V: 0.1-0.15%, B: 0.1-0.2%, Cr: 0.35-0.4%, Eu: 0.05-0.1%, Er: 0.1-0.15% and the balance of Al. The preparation method of the aluminum alloy comprises the following steps: proportioning, alloying, removing slag, casting and heat treatment. According to the invention, the heat treatment is carried out on the aluminum alloy cast ingot by adjusting the proportion of each element, so that the performances of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and the like of the product are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy materials, and particularly relates to a high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for an automobile engine and a preparation method thereof.
Background
An alloy based on aluminum with a certain amount of other alloying elements added is one of light metal materials. The specific rigidity exceeds that of steel, and the alloy has good casting performance and plastic processing performance, and also has good electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance and weldability, can be used as a structural material, and has wide application in aerospace, aviation, transportation, construction, electromechanics, lightening and daily necessities.
The automobile engine is a machine for providing power for the automobile, is the heart of the automobile, and influences the dynamic property, the economical efficiency and the environmental protection property of the automobile. The cast aluminum cylinder has the advantages of light weight and fuel saving by reducing the weight. In the engine with the same displacement, the engine with the aluminum cylinder body is used, the weight of about 20 kilograms can be reduced, the weight of a vehicle body is reduced, meanwhile, the heat dissipation effect of the engine is enhanced, the working efficiency of the engine is improved, and the service life is longer. However, aluminum is susceptible to chemical reaction with water produced during combustion, and is far less corrosion resistant than cast iron cylinders, especially for supercharged engines that require higher temperature and pressure.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of poor high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance of cast aluminum engines, the invention provides the aluminum alloy for the automobile engine, and the aluminum alloy has better mechanical properties such as high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and the like.
The high-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for the automobile engine comprises the following components in parts by mass: mn: 0.40-0.50%, Cu: 2.5-3.0%, Zr: 0.12-0.22%, Mg: 0.1-0.2%, Zn: 0.1-0.4%, Fe: 0.1-0.25%, Ti: 0.2-0.3%, Si: 0.3-0.4%, Be: 0.05-0.1%, Ni: 0.08-0.15%, V: 0.1-0.15%, Be: 0.1-0.2%, Cr: 0.35-0.4%, Eu: 0.05-0.1%, Er: 0.1-0.15% and the balance of Al.
Further, the high-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for the automobile engine comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: mn: 0.40%, Cu: 2.5%, Zr: 0.18%, Mg: 0.2%, Zn: 0.3%, Fe: 0.2%, Ti: 0.2%, Si: 0.3%, Be: 0.1%, Ni: 0.1%, V: 0.1%, B: 0.2%, Cr: 0.4%, Eu: 0.1%, Er:0.15 percent and the balance of Al.
The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for the automobile engine comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials:
weighing the raw materials according to the weight proportion and preparing the raw materials;
(2) alloying:
putting the weighed raw materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, and uniformly stirring to prepare aluminum alloy liquid;
(3) deslagging:
using 99% pure N2Mixing with powdery refining agent, and blowing into aluminum alloy liquid for deslagging;
(4) casting:
degassing the aluminum alloy liquid after deslagging, and carrying out extrusion forming to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;
(5) and (3) heat treatment:
and carrying out heat treatment on the aluminum alloy cast ingot to obtain the high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for the automobile engine.
Further, in the step (2), the melting temperature is 765-770 ℃, and the melting time is 10-15 min.
Further, in the step (3), the powdered refining agent is silicon tetrafluoride.
Further, in the step (4), the degassing treatment is performed by blowing Ar with a purity of 99% into the aluminum alloy liquid to perform degassing.
Further, in the step (5), the heat treatment step includes: and (2) placing the aluminum alloy ingot at the temperature of 200-minus one DEG C for heat preservation for 0.8-1h, then heating to 280-minus one DEG C at the heating rate of 4-6 ℃/min, heat preservation for 1.5-2h, then heating to 420-minus one DEG C at the heating rate of 4-6 ℃/min, heat preservation for 40-50min, air cooling to room temperature, standing for 1-1.5h, then further heating to room temperature at the temperature of-130 to-125 ℃ for 4-4.5min, then heating to room temperature at the heating rate of 2-3 ℃/min, standing for 4.5-5h, further standing for 1.5-1.6h in a water bath at the temperature of 70-75 ℃, removing moisture, and drying in hot air at the temperature of 70-75 ℃ for 35-50min to obtain the aluminum alloy for the automobile engine.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in order to realize good casting performance, the high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for the automobile engine provided by the invention is added with silicon element in aluminum alloy liquid to improve the fluidity of the aluminum liquid; the manganese element is added, so that the heat resistance of the aluminum alloy is improved; by adding other elements and carrying out reasonable proportioning, the aluminum alloy obtained by the invention realizes good casting performance and is suitable for automobile engines.
According to the invention, by controlling the content of various elements in the aluminum alloy and selecting more optimal heating temperature and time, the preparation process is optimized, and the cast aluminum alloy has good heat resistance and corrosion resistance and long service life; through heat treatment, the microstructure of the alloy is improved, the tissue structure is refined, and the hardness, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy are further improved.
The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for the automobile engine is simple to operate and low in cost, and selects proper steps and parameters, so that the materials are combined with each other to play the best role, and the preparation method has good application value.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for the automobile engine comprises the following components in parts by mass: mn: 0.40%, Cu: 2.5%, Zr: 0.18%, Mg: 0.2%, Zn: 0.3%, Fe: 0.2%, Ti: 0.2%, Si: 0.3%, Be: 0.1%, Ni: 0.1%, V: 0.1%, B: 0.2%, Cr: 0.4%, Eu: 0.1%, Er:0.15 percent and the balance of Al.
The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for the automobile engine comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the weight proportion and preparing the raw materials;
(2) putting the weighed raw materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, smelting for 10min when the temperature reaches 765 ℃, and uniformly stirring to prepare aluminum alloy liquid;
(3) using 99% pure N2Mixing with silicon tetrafluoride, blowing into aluminum alloy liquid for deslagging;
(4) blowing Ar with the purity of 99% into the aluminum alloy liquid after deslagging for degassing treatment, and carrying out extrusion forming to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;
(5) and (2) placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot at 210 ℃ for heat preservation for 1h, heating to 280 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, heat preservation for 2h, heating to 420 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, heat preservation for 50min, air-cooling to room temperature, standing for 1.5h, then carrying out heat preservation at-75 ℃ for 4.5min, heating to room temperature at the heating rate of 2 ℃/min, standing for 5h, standing in a 75 ℃ water bath for 1.6h, removing water, and drying in hot air at 70 ℃ for 50min to obtain the aluminum alloy for the automobile engine.
Comparative example 1
The aluminum alloy ingot obtained in step (4) was not subjected to the heat treatment in step (5), and the rest was the same as in example 1.
Example 2
The high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for the automobile engine comprises the following components in parts by mass: mn: 0.45%, Cu: 2.8%, Zr: 0.2%, Mg: 0.15%, Zn: 0.3%, Fe: 0.2%, Ti: 0.25%, Si: 0.35%, Be: 0.1%, Ni: 0.15%, V: 0.1%, B: 0.15%, Cr: 0.35%, Eu: 0.1%, Er:0.1 percent and the balance of Al.
The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for the automobile engine comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the weight proportion and preparing the raw materials;
(2) putting the weighed raw materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, smelting for 15min when the temperature reaches 770 ℃, and uniformly stirring to prepare aluminum alloy liquid;
(3) using 99% pure N2Mixing with silicon tetrafluoride, blowing into aluminum alloy liquid for deslagging;
(4) blowing Ar with the purity of 99% into the aluminum alloy liquid after deslagging for degassing treatment, and carrying out extrusion forming to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;
(5) and (2) placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot at 200 ℃ for heat preservation for 0.8h, heating to 270 ℃ at the heating rate of 6 ℃/min, heat preservation for 2h, heating to 420 ℃ at the heating rate of 6 ℃/min, heat preservation for 50min, air cooling to room temperature, standing for 1.5h, then carrying out heat preservation at-90 ℃ for 4min, heating to room temperature at the heating rate of 3 ℃/min, standing for 4.5h, further standing for 1.5h in a 75 ℃ water bath, removing water, and drying in 75 ℃ hot air for 40min to obtain the aluminum alloy for the automobile engine.
Comparative example 2
In the step (5), the aluminum alloy ingot was heated to 420 ℃ and air-cooled to room temperature, and the rest was the same as in example 2.
The aluminum alloys of examples 1 to 2 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were subjected to a high temperature resistance test, and the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 aluminum alloys high temperature resistance test results
| Item | Time t/s | Ambient temperature deg.C | Aluminum alloy temperature DEG C |
| Example 1 | 30 | 200 | 113 |
| Example 2 | 30 | 200 | 118 |
| Comparative example 1 | 30 | 200 | 176 |
| Comparative example 2 | 30 | 200 | 162 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the high temperature resistance of the aluminum alloy of examples 1-2 is significantly better than that of the aluminum alloy of comparative examples 1-2, which indicates that the microstructure of the alloy is improved, the texture is refined and the high temperature resistance of the aluminum alloy is further improved by a series of heat treatments.
Although the present invention has been described in detail by way of preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be made on the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention/any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for the automobile engine is characterized by comprising the following element components in percentage by weight: 0.40-0.50% of Mn, 2.5-3.0% of Cu, 0.12-0.22% of Zr, 0.1-0.2% of Mg, 0.1-0.4% of Zn, 0.1-0.25% of Fe, 0.2-0.3% of Ti, Si: 0.3-0.4%, Be: 0.05-0.1%, Ni 0.08-0.15%, V: 0.1-0.15 percent of B, 0.1-0.2 percent of Cr, 0.35-0.4 percent of Eu, 0.05-0.1 percent of Er, 0.1-0.15 percent of Er and the balance of Al.
2. The high-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for the automobile engine as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: 0.40% of Mn, 2.5% of Cu, 0.18% of Zr, 0.2% of Mg, 0.3% of Zn, Fe: 0.2%, Ti 0.2%, Si 0.3%, Be 0.1%, Ni 0.1%, V0.1%, B0.2%, Cr 0.4%, Eu: 0.1 percent of Er, 0.15 percent of Er and the balance of Al.
3. The method for preparing the high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for the automobile engine according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials:
weighing the raw materials according to the weight proportion and preparing the raw materials;
(2) alloying:
putting the weighed raw materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, and uniformly stirring to prepare aluminum alloy liquid;
(3) deslagging:
using 99% pure N2Mixing with powdery refining agent, and blowing into aluminum alloy liquid for deslagging;
(4) casting:
degassing the treated aluminum alloy liquid, and performing extrusion forming to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;
(5) and (3) heat treatment:
and carrying out heat treatment on the aluminum alloy cast ingot to obtain the high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for the automobile engine.
4. The method for preparing the high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for the automobile engine as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step (2), the melting temperature is 765-770 ℃, and the melting time is 10-15 min.
5. The method for preparing the high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for the automobile engine as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step (3), the powdery refining agent is silicon tetrafluoride.
6. The method for preparing the high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for the automobile engine as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step (4), the degassing treatment step is specifically as follows: ar having a purity of 99% was blown into the aluminum alloy liquid to carry out degassing treatment.
7. The method for preparing the high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for the automobile engine as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step (5), the heat treatment step comprises: and (3) placing the aluminum alloy ingot at the temperature of 200-plus-210 ℃ for heat preservation for 0.8-1h, then heating to 280-plus-270 ℃ at the heating rate of 4-6 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 1.5-2h, heating to 420-plus-410 ℃ at the heating rate of 4-6 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 40-50min, air-cooling to room temperature, and standing for 1-1.5 h.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the heat treating step further comprises: standing, keeping the temperature at-130 to-125 ℃ for 4-4.5min, then heating to room temperature at the heating rate of 2-3 ℃/min, standing for 4.5-5h, standing in a water bath at 70-75 ℃ for 1.5-1.6h, removing water, and drying in hot air at 70-75 ℃ for 35-50min to obtain the high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy for the automobile engine.
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Citations (6)
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| CN103608478A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2014-02-26 | 法国肯联铝业 | Aluminium-copper-magnesium alloys with good high temperature properties |
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| CN109306415A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2019-02-05 | 福特全球技术公司 | The advanced cast aluminium alloy with high-temperature behavior for motor vehicle engine application |
| CN110724861A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-01-24 | 桂林航天工业学院 | High-performance aluminum alloy engine cylinder cover and casting method thereof |
| JP2020090727A (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2020-06-11 | 昭和電工株式会社 | Manufacturing method of heat resistant aluminum alloy material |
| CN111850365A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-10-30 | 湖南泽宇新材料有限公司 | Aluminum alloy material |
-
2021
- 2021-07-29 CN CN202110861823.3A patent/CN113584362A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103608478A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2014-02-26 | 法国肯联铝业 | Aluminium-copper-magnesium alloys with good high temperature properties |
| CN109306415A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2019-02-05 | 福特全球技术公司 | The advanced cast aluminium alloy with high-temperature behavior for motor vehicle engine application |
| CN108642354A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-10-12 | 铜陵康达铝合金制品有限责任公司 | A kind of automobile engine high-temperature-resistant and anti-corrosion aluminium alloy extrusions and preparation method thereof |
| CN110724861A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-01-24 | 桂林航天工业学院 | High-performance aluminum alloy engine cylinder cover and casting method thereof |
| JP2020090727A (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2020-06-11 | 昭和電工株式会社 | Manufacturing method of heat resistant aluminum alloy material |
| CN111850365A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-10-30 | 湖南泽宇新材料有限公司 | Aluminum alloy material |
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Application publication date: 20211102 |