CN113578381A - Oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel, preparation method thereof and application of oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel in degrading formaldehyde - Google Patents
Oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel, preparation method thereof and application of oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel in degrading formaldehyde Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
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- QNILTEGFHQSKFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propan-2-ylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(C)NC(=O)C=C QNILTEGFHQSKFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Natural products NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000013033 photocatalytic degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
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- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical group C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLZAMKNXRDJWLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(5-acetyl-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridin-3-yl)ethanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=C(C)NC(C)=C(C(C)=O)C1 SLZAMKNXRDJWLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWYWGLHRNBIFJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ipazine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=NC(Cl)=NC(NC(C)C)=N1 OWYWGLHRNBIFJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/06—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing polymers
- B01J31/069—Hybrid organic-inorganic polymers, e.g. silica derivatized with organic groups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8668—Removing organic compounds not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8665
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- B01J35/23—
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- B01J35/39—
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/80—Type of catalytic reaction
- B01D2255/802—Photocatalytic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
Abstract
The invention discloses oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel, a preparation method thereof and application of the hydrogel in degrading formaldehyde. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: (1) the oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel has good swelling property, can fully expand in a solution so as to enable the solution to flow in the hydrogel and fully contact and react with the oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbon, so that the photocatalysis efficiency is high; (2) the hydrogel disclosed by the invention is good in recycling effect and strong in repeatability, and does not cause secondary pollution; (3) the preparation method is simple and high in yield.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of formaldehyde treatment, and relates to a photocatalytic material for degrading formaldehyde, in particular to oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel, a preparation method thereof and application of the oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel in degrading formaldehyde.
Background
Formaldehyde, as a volatile organic compound that is readily soluble in water, can gradually accumulate in the environment with a non-negligible hazard potential. In the early days, methods such as a biological method, an adsorption method and a stripping method are used for treating formaldehyde, but the methods all face the problems of low efficiency and high cost. Nowadays, many scholars focus on photocatalysis technology, and the photocatalysis technology utilizes light energy as clean energy for treating environmental problems, thereby providing a new idea for solving the current environmental problems. In recent years, carbon nitride is found to be a novel organic polymer photocatalytic material, but the carbon nitride has a limited light absorption range, is easy to recombine photogenerated electron holes and has a short service life, so how to improve the photocatalytic performance of the carbon nitride material is a hot problem of research. The doping of non-metal elements can cause the carbon nitride material to generate structural defects, change the energy band structure of the carbon nitride material, prolong the service life of a photon-generated carrier of the carbon nitride material and enhance the photocatalytic performance of the carbon nitride material, and the oxygen-doped carbon nitride is one of the defects.
The hydrogel is a novel three-dimensional material formed by crosslinking high-molecular polymers, the unique optical characteristics and the porous structure of the hydrogel provide better reaction conditions for photocatalytic reaction, and the aim of recovering nano materials can be fulfilled by recovering the hydrogel after the photocatalysis is finished, so that the problem that catalytic materials are difficult to recover is solved, and secondary pollution is avoided. However, the research of combining carbon nitride with hydrogel is not much concerned at present, and we propose a brand-new preparation method of oxygen-doped carbon nitride hydrogel and the method is used for photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde, and realizes multiple recycling.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved is as follows: in order to overcome the defects of the prior art and obtain the oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel which has the advantages of strong photocatalytic performance, good recycling effect, no secondary pollution, simple preparation process and high yield, the invention provides the oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel, a preparation method thereof and application of degrading formaldehyde.
The technical scheme is as follows: the oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel is prepared by wrapping oxygen-doped carbon nitride with N-isopropylacrylamide, acrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol as substrates and initiating and assembling ammonium persulfate and tetramethylethylenediamine; wherein the concentration of N-isopropyl acrylamide is 0.1-1g/mL, the concentration of acrylamide is 5-50mg/mL, the concentration of polyvinyl alcohol is 40-60g/L, and the volume ratio of the mixed solution of N-isopropyl acrylamide and acrylamide to the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 0.5-2: 1; the volume ratio of the mass of the oxygen-doped carbon nitride to the volume of the polymer solution of the substrate mg: mL-5-20: 1, the volume ratio of the mass of the ammonium persulfate to the volume of the polymer solution of the substrate g: mL-0.5-2: 10, and the volume ratio of the tetramethylethylenediamine to the polymer solution of the substrate g: 1: 20-50.
The preparation method of the oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel comprises the following steps:
s1, calcining thiourea in a muffle furnace to form carbon nitride, dispersing the carbon nitride in water, adding concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide, centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain oxygen-doped carbon nitride;
s2, adding polyvinyl alcohol powder into water, heating until the polyvinyl alcohol powder is completely dissolved to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol solution, adding N-isopropyl acrylamide and acrylamide into the water for dissolving, and mixing with the polyvinyl alcohol solution to obtain a polymer solution of a substrate;
and S3, adding oxygen-doped carbon nitride and ammonium persulfate into the polymer solution to obtain a precursor solution, filling the precursor solution on a round bottom template, adding tetramethyl ethylenediamine, and performing freezing and unfreezing circulation once after the solution is gelatinized to obtain the stable oxygen-doped carbon nitride hydrogel.
Preferably, the calcination temperature in S1 is 500-550 ℃.
Preferably, the mixing reaction condition of the carbon nitride, the concentrated sulfuric acid and the hydrogen peroxide in the S1 is ice bath, the carbon nitride is stirred for 2 hours and then dried at 70 ℃, wherein the volume ratio of the mass of the carbon nitride to the concentrated sulfuric acid and the hydrogen peroxide is g: mL: 1-2:20-40: 4-8.
Preferably, the conditions of the freezing and thawing cycle in S3 are: freezing at-24 deg.C for 6 hr, and thawing at room temperature for 2 hr.
Preferably, the diameter of the round bottom template in S3 is 3cm, and the volume filled by the precursor liquid is 1-4 mL.
The oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel is applied as a formaldehyde degradation photocatalyst under the condition of illumination.
The principle of photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde by oxygen-doped carbon nitride hydrogel disclosed by the invention is as follows: the oxygen-doped carbon nitride hydrogel swells in formaldehyde, the transparency is increased, pores are enlarged, the formaldehyde can be promoted to circulate in the hydrogel, and when light irradiates on the oxygen-doped carbon nitride hydrogel, the oxygen-doped carbon nitride is excited by the light to generate photoproduction electrons and holes, so that free radicals are generated to degrade the formaldehyde. The oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel can be kept in the solution, can be fished out after the reaction is finished, and can be soaked in water for cleaning, so that the oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel can be used for next use.
Has the advantages that: (1) the oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel has good swelling property, can fully expand in a solution so as to enable the solution to flow in the hydrogel and fully contact and react with the oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbon, so that the photocatalysis efficiency is high; (2) the hydrogel disclosed by the invention is good in recycling effect and strong in repeatability, and does not cause secondary pollution; (3) the preparation method is simple and high in yield.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of an oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of an oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel of example 1;
FIG. 3 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of the oxygen-doped carbon nitride, oxygen-doped carbon nitride hydrogel of example 1;
FIG. 4 is a Fourier infrared spectrum of a carbon nitride, oxygen doped carbon nitride hydrogel of example 1;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the photocatalytic effect of the oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel in example 1;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the photocatalytic cycle effect of the oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel in example 1;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the effect of photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde by oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gels in examples 1-7 as a function of time.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate the present invention but are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Modifications and substitutions to methods, procedures, or conditions of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
(1) Preparation of oxygen-doped carbon nitride
First, 4g of thiourea was weighed and placed in a crucible and calcined at 550 ℃ to obtain carbon nitride. Weighing 2g of carbon nitride, dissolving the carbon nitride in 100mL of water, adding 40mL of sulfuric acid and 8mL of hydrogen peroxide, stirring for 2 hours under the condition of ice-water bath, centrifugally separating mixed liquid after stirring, drying the obtained solid, and grinding the solid into powder to obtain oxygen-doped carbon nitride;
(2) preparing polymer mixed liquid
Weighing 5g of polyvinyl alcohol, dissolving the polyvinyl alcohol in 95mL of ultrapure water, heating and stirring the polyvinyl alcohol for 2h at the temperature of 80 ℃, completely mixing to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol solution, and placing the polyvinyl alcohol solution at normal temperature for later use. Weighing 2g N-isopropyl acrylamide and 100mg acrylamide, dissolving in 5mL water, mixing with ultrasound for 30 minutes, adding 5mL polyvinyl alcohol solution, and shaking for 10 minutes to obtain polymer mixed solution.
(3) Synthetic oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gels
100mg of oxygen-doped carbon nitride and 1g of ammonium persulfate are weighed and dissolved in 10mL of polymer mixed solution, ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30 minutes, then 3mL of the mixture is put into a round bottom mold with the diameter of 3cm, 50 mu L of tetramethyl ethylenediamine is injected, after the system reaction is carried out for 30 minutes, the mixture is put into a refrigerator with the temperature of 24 ℃ below zero for 6 hours, and the oxygen-doped carbon nitride hydrogel is obtained after freezing for 2 hours.
FIG. 1 is a physical representation of the oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel of example 1, FIG. 1(a) is a synthetic oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel, and FIG. 1(b) is a swollen oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel, and it can be seen that the swollen oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel expands a lot, demonstrating that the hydrogel not only retains its shape in solution, but also supports sufficient flow of the internal solution.
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope photograph of the oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel of example 1, FIG. 2(a) is the oxygen-doped carbon nitride, which can be seen stacked on top of each other, and FIG. 2(b) is the oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel, which is porous inside and cross-linked to each other, showing the characteristic of large specific surface area of the hydrogel, which facilitates the photocatalytic reaction.
FIG. 3 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of oxygen-doped carbon nitride in example 1, wherein the peak appearing at about 13.1 ℃ in terms of 2 θ is attributed to the diffraction peak of the (100) crystal plane of oxygen-doped carbon nitride; the peak occurring at about 27.6 ° for 2 θ is due to the interlayer stacking of carbon nitride cells, corresponding to the (002) crystal plane of oxygen-doped carbon nitride.
FIG. 4 is a Fourier infrared spectrum of oxygen-doped carbon nitride of example 1 at 809cm-1The peak at (a) is due to C — N stretching by the triazine ring; 890cm-1The peak of (a) confirms the deformation mode of the crosslinked heptazine; 1240 to 1640cm-1Then the heterocyclic C-N vibration due to the graphite structure; at 3158cm-1The peak is the hydroxyl attached to the surface of the material, which indicates that the synthesis of the oxygen-doped carbon nitride is successful and the original structure of the carbon nitride is not damaged.
Fig. 5 is a graph of the photocatalytic effect of the oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel in example 1, the reaction is performed in a dark place for 40min, 6, and then under the condition that a xenon lamp simulates natural light irradiation, formaldehyde is degraded by the oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel, a formaldehyde solution corresponding to the reaction time is taken to react with acetylacetone to generate 3, 5-diacetyl-1, 4-dihydrolutidine, the maximum generation wavelength at 515nm is tested under the excitation wavelength of 410nm to determine the formaldehyde concentration, and the degradation effect is up to 95% or more compared with that of a fluorescence unit which is reduced from 260 of 0min to 10 of 180min, so that the good photocatalytic effect of the oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel in example 1 is proved.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the photocatalytic cycling effect of the oxygen-doped nitrided carbohydrate gel in example 1, wherein the degradation rate of methanol can be maintained above 90% after the oxygen-doped nitrided carbohydrate gel is recycled for 5 times, which indicates that the oxygen-doped nitrided carbohydrate gel is convenient to recover and has good stability.
Example 2
The difference between this example and example 1 is step (1): 4g of thiourea was weighed and placed in a crucible and calcined at 550 ℃ to obtain carbon nitride. Weighing 2g of carbon nitride, dissolving the carbon nitride in 100mL of water, adding 20mL of sulfuric acid and 4mL of hydrogen peroxide, stirring for 2 hours under the condition of ice-water bath, centrifugally separating mixed liquid after stirring, drying the obtained solid, and grinding the solid into powder to obtain the oxygen-doped carbon nitride
Example 3
The difference between this example and example 1 is step (1): 4g of thiourea was weighed and placed in a crucible and calcined at 550 ℃ to obtain carbon nitride. Weighing 2g of carbon nitride, dissolving the carbon nitride in 100mL of water, adding 60mL of sulfuric acid and 12mL of hydrogen peroxide, stirring for 2 hours under the condition of ice-water bath, centrifugally separating mixed liquid after stirring, drying the obtained solid, and grinding the solid into powder to obtain the oxygen-doped carbon nitride
Example 4
The difference between this example and example 1 is step (2): weighing 5g of polyvinyl alcohol, dissolving the polyvinyl alcohol in 95mL of ultrapure water, heating and stirring the polyvinyl alcohol for 2h at the temperature of 80 ℃, completely mixing to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol solution, and placing the polyvinyl alcohol solution at normal temperature for later use. Weighing 1g N-isopropyl acrylamide and 50mg acrylamide in 5mL water, mixing by ultrasonic wave for 30 minutes, adding 5mL polyvinyl alcohol solution, and shaking for 10 minutes to obtain polymer mixed solution.
Example 5
The difference between this example and example 1 is step (2): weighing 5g of polyvinyl alcohol, dissolving the polyvinyl alcohol in 95mL of ultrapure water, heating and stirring the polyvinyl alcohol for 2h at the temperature of 80 ℃, completely mixing to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol solution, and placing the polyvinyl alcohol solution at normal temperature for later use. 3g N-isopropyl acrylamide and 150mg acrylamide were weighed out and dissolved in 5mL of water, mixed by sonication for 30 minutes, and added to 5mL of a polyvinyl alcohol solution, followed by shaking for 10 minutes to obtain a polymer mixture.
Example 6
The difference between this example and example 1 is step (3): 100mg of oxygen-doped carbon nitride and 1g of ammonium persulfate are weighed and dissolved in 10mL of polymer mixed solution, ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30 minutes, then 3mL of the mixture is put into a round bottom mold with the diameter of 3cm, 25 mu L of tetramethyl ethylenediamine is injected, after the system reaction is carried out for 30 minutes, the mixture is put into a refrigerator with the temperature of 24 ℃ below zero for 6 hours, and the oxygen-doped carbon nitride hydrogel is obtained after freezing for 2 hours.
Example 7
The difference between this example and example 1 is step (3): 100mg of oxygen-doped carbon nitride and 1g of ammonium persulfate are weighed and dissolved in 10mL of polymer mixed solution, ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30 minutes, then 3mL of the mixture is put into a round bottom mold with the diameter of 3cm, 75 mu L of tetramethyl ethylenediamine is injected, after the system reaction is carried out for 30 minutes, the mixture is put into a refrigerator with the temperature of 24 ℃ below zero for 6 hours, and the oxygen-doped carbon nitride hydrogel is obtained after freezing for 2 hours.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the effect of photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde by oxygen-doped carbon nitride hydrogels of examples 1-7 over time, wherein it can be seen in FIG. 1 that the degradation effects are similar to those of examples 3, and the effect of example 2 is relatively poor, since the energy level modification of carbon nitride is more advantageous due to the increased amount of oxygen doping on carbon nitride, but excessive doping does not have excessive effect. As can be seen in the graph (b), the degradation effects of the examples 1,4 and 5 are similar, wherein the degradation effect of the example 4 is the best, and the degradation effect of the example 5 is the worst, because the amounts of N-isopropylacrylamide and acrylamide determine the crosslinking degree of the hydrogel, and the more N-isopropylacrylamide and acrylamide cause the hardness of the hydrogel to be larger so as to limit the swelling behavior of the hydrogel, thereby influencing the hydrogel to provide active sites for degrading formaldehyde, but the hydrogel with smaller hardness is difficult to maintain the self-morphology, and the oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel of the example 1 is just between the two. As can be seen from the graph (c), the degradation effects of examples 1 and 6 and 7 are similar, the degradation effect of example 4 is the best, and the degradation effect of example 5 is the worst, and the cause of this phenomenon is similar to that of the graph (b), tetramethylethylenediamine is used as a catalyst, and the amount of tetramethylethylenediamine added determines the reaction speed and the crosslinking degree of the hydrogel, and the photocatalytic efficiency of the hydrogel is also affected.
Claims (7)
1. The oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel is characterized in that the hydrogel takes N-isopropylacrylamide, acrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol as substrates, wraps oxygen-doped carbon nitride, and is initiated and assembled by ammonium persulfate and tetramethylethylenediamine to form the oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel; wherein the concentration of N-isopropyl acrylamide is 0.1-1g/mL, the concentration of acrylamide is 5-50mg/mL, the concentration of polyvinyl alcohol is 40-60g/L, and the volume ratio of the mixed solution of N-isopropyl acrylamide and acrylamide to the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 0.5-2: 1; the volume ratio of the mass of the oxygen-doped carbon nitride to the volume of the polymer solution of the substrate mg: mL-5-20: 1, the volume ratio of the mass of the ammonium persulfate to the volume of the polymer solution of the substrate g: mL-0.5-2: 10, and the volume ratio of the tetramethylethylenediamine to the polymer solution of the substrate g: 1: 20-50.
2. The method of preparing an oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, calcining thiourea in a muffle furnace to form carbon nitride, dispersing the carbon nitride in water, adding concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide, centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain oxygen-doped carbon nitride;
s2, adding polyvinyl alcohol powder into water, heating until the polyvinyl alcohol powder is completely dissolved to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol solution, adding N-isopropyl acrylamide and acrylamide into the water for dissolving, and mixing with the polyvinyl alcohol solution to obtain a polymer solution of a substrate;
and S3, adding oxygen-doped carbon nitride and ammonium persulfate into the polymer solution to obtain a precursor solution, filling the precursor solution on a round bottom template, adding tetramethyl ethylenediamine, and performing freezing and unfreezing circulation once after the solution is gelatinized to obtain the stable oxygen-doped carbon nitride hydrogel.
3. The method for preparing oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel of claim 2, wherein the calcination temperature in S1 is 500-550 ℃.
4. The preparation method of the oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel according to claim 2, wherein the mixed reaction condition of the carbon nitride, the concentrated sulfuric acid and the hydrogen peroxide in the step S1 is ice bath, and the mixture is stirred for 2 hours and then dried at 70 ℃, wherein the volume ratio of the mass of the carbon nitride to the volume ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid to the volume ratio of the hydrogen peroxide is g: mL: 1-2:20-40: 4-8.
5. The method of preparing oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel of claim 2, wherein the conditions of the freezing and thawing cycle in S3 are: freezing at-24 deg.C for 6 hr, and thawing at room temperature for 2 hr.
6. The method for preparing oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel according to claim 2, wherein the diameter of the bottom of the round bottom template in S3 is 3cm, and the volume filled with the precursor solution is 1-4 mL.
7. Use of the oxygen-doped nitrogenated carbohydrate gel of claim 1 as a formaldehyde degradation photocatalyst under light conditions.
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