CN113577986A - Industrial waste gas treatment method and equipment - Google Patents
Industrial waste gas treatment method and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113577986A CN113577986A CN202110863771.3A CN202110863771A CN113577986A CN 113577986 A CN113577986 A CN 113577986A CN 202110863771 A CN202110863771 A CN 202110863771A CN 113577986 A CN113577986 A CN 113577986A
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
- B01D46/023—Pockets filters, i.e. multiple bag filters mounted on a common frame
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the field of environmental protection, in particular to an industrial waste gas treatment method and equipment, which are particularly suitable for treating VOC, VOCs and dust substances in industrial waste gas, and realize zero emission of carbon in industrial waste gas treatment. A method for treating industrial waste gas comprises adding industrial waste gas and porous material into a mixer for adsorption, allowing the obtained gas-solid mixture to enter a separator, and separating gas from the crushed porous material for adsorbing industrial waste gas; the method is characterized in that the porous material is violently collided in the industrial waste gas by adopting a mechanical treatment mode in the mixer, so that the industrial waste gas is adsorbed on the porous material, and the porous material adsorbing the industrial waste gas is synchronously crushed by the mechanical treatment so as to further adsorb the industrial waste gas. The method not only has the function of adsorbing the industrial waste gas by the porous material in a gas-solid flowing state, but also has the function of continuously crushing the porous material, and realizes the capability of efficiently treating the industrial waste gas for a long time.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of environmental protection, in particular to an industrial waste gas treatment method and equipment, which are particularly suitable for treating VOC, VOCs and dust substances in industrial waste gas, and realize zero emission of carbon in industrial waste gas treatment.
Background
With the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization, human activities such as energy, industry, traffic and the like emit a large amount of pollutants into the atmosphere. The industrial waste gas treatment refers to the work of pre-treating waste gas generated in industrial places such as factories and workshops before the waste gas is discharged to the outside so as to reach the national standard of the external discharge of the waste gas. The general industrial waste gas treatment comprises the aspects of organic waste gas treatment, dust waste gas treatment, acid-base waste gas treatment, peculiar smell waste gas treatment, air sterilization, disinfection and purification and the like. The industrial waste gas treatment gas specifically comprises acetone, butanone, butanol, methanol, formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, xylene, styrene, methyl tert-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, methylene chloride, ethane, pentane, natural gas, automobile exhaust, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen disulfide, mercaptan, ammonia gas, various organic waste gases, acid and alkali waste gases and the like. In addition to conventional atmospheric pollutants, the emission of volatile organic compounds VOC is of increasing concern. The VOC is a key precursor for atmospheric ozone and secondary organic aerosol pollution, is an important inducer for forming haze and photochemical smog, has high-risk biotoxicity besides affecting the environment, and has potential harm to human health and plant growth. Industrial emissions are a significant source of VOC contamination in the environment among numerous sources of emissions, and therefore controlling industrial VOC emissions would be beneficial in reducing PM2.5 and O3The concentration of (b) is very important for improvement of regional atmospheric environment.
The current industrial waste gas treatment methods mainly comprise: liquid recovery method, adsorption method, combustion method, condensation method, photocatalytic oxidation method, low temperature plasma method, etc.
Chinese patent application publication No.: CN112387059A published date: 20190816 discloses a circulating adsorption device of adsorption material for treating tail gas. The invention is provided with an adsorption tank and a desorption tank. After the adsorption is finished, the adsorption material needs to be subjected to desorption treatment.
Chinese patent application publication No.: CN105536519A, published: 20160504 discloses a method for purifying and separating VOC. The VOC purification and separation method is characterized in that gas containing VOC organic waste gas is purified and separated through a structured fixed bed integrating adsorption and catalytic coupling, so that purified air is obtained, and granular materials and gradient materials are filled in the structured fixed bed. This equipment adopts the mode of fixed granule filler and fixed bed to adsorb VOC, and VOC adsorption efficiency is not high.
Chinese patent application publication No.: CN105944503A, published: 2016092 discloses a method and a device for treating organic waste gas by on-line cyclic regeneration, wherein the device comprises a cyclone tower, a liquid storage tank, a sedimentation tank, a biological desorption chamber and a storage chamber arranged on one side of the biological desorption chamber; the bottom of the cyclone tower is connected with a sedimentation tank through a pipeline; the bottom of the sedimentation tank is provided with a centrifugal pump, and the centrifugal pump conveys the adsorbent particle balls in the sedimentation tank to a biological desorption chamber; a plurality of swirl atomizing nozzles arranged in a tangent circle are distributed on the circumferential wall of the lower side of the swirl tower at intervals; the organic absorbent solution, the desorbed adsorbent particle balls and the organic waste gas are sprayed into the cyclone tower by the cyclone atomizing nozzle in a tangential mode to be fully mixed, and flow along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the cyclone tower and rise spirally. According to the method, an organic absorbent solution, desorbed adsorbent particle balls and organic waste gas are mixed, the organic absorbent solution can affect the adsorption of the adsorbent particle balls, so that the adsorption efficiency of the adsorbent particle balls is affected, and desorption treatment needs to be carried out in a biological desorption chamber after the adsorption is finished.
The above apparatus and method generally require that the adsorbent be made into an adsorption member or a fixed bed reaction apparatus, and then the fluid be slowly passed through the adsorbent at 0.1m/s for adsorption. After adsorption, desorption treatment is carried out in heating and other modes, so that the adsorption material is recycled.
Therefore, the present invention has the following problems:
1. it is generally necessary to make the adsorbing material into corresponding structural members, which results in a significant reduction in the effective contact area between the adsorbing member and the exhaust gas.
2. According to the principle of mass transfer, the adsorption member only generates adsorption on the surface of the structural member in the process of adsorbing the industrial waste gas by the structural member, so that the amount of the adsorbed industrial waste gas is limited, and the industrial waste gas with high concentration cannot be treated.
3. In order to ensure the adsorption efficiency, the gas passing speed in the adsorption structure must be slow, and the exhaust gas flow speed cannot be larger than 0.1m/s in general, so that the exhaust gas treatment efficiency is significantly limited.
4. When gas passes through the structural part, the surface of the active carbon structural part is easily abraded, so that the adsorption capacity is obviously reduced along with the increase of the service time. Meanwhile, the ground activated carbon particles are carried out with the fluid, causing secondary pollution.
5. The adsorbed activated carbon structural part becomes a hazardous waste material, and the processes of storage, transportation, regeneration, harmless treatment and the like of the hazardous waste material are very complicated and have great cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating industrial waste gas, which has a function of adsorbing industrial waste gas by a porous material in a gas-solid flow state, and also has a function of continuously breaking the porous material, thereby realizing a capability of efficiently treating industrial waste gas for a long time.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:
a method for treating industrial waste gas comprises adding industrial waste gas and porous material into a mixer for adsorption, allowing the obtained gas-solid mixture to enter a separator, and separating gas from the crushed porous material for adsorbing industrial waste gas; the method is characterized in that the porous material is violently collided in the industrial waste gas by adopting a mechanical treatment mode in the mixer, so that the industrial waste gas is adsorbed on the porous material, and the porous material adsorbing the industrial waste gas is synchronously crushed by the mechanical treatment so as to further adsorb the industrial waste gas.
The mechanical treatment means described herein preferably includes one or a combination of more of crushing, grinding, pulverizing, impingement, gas turbulence, and high velocity fluid processing.
Preferably, the initial maximum diameter of the porous material described herein is less than 0.1 mm; the size of the crushed porous material is 50nm-20 microns; the average particle diameter ratio before and after crushing is 1.5-100: 1.
Preferably, the pore diameter of the porous material is 1-500nm, and the BET nitrogen adsorption specific surface area is 1m2/g~350 m2/g。
Preferably, the porous material is selected from one or more of activated carbon, bamboo charcoal, rice hull ash, straw ash, protein shale, diatom shale, opal, silica, calcium carbonate, diatomite, attapulgite, zeolite, macroporous resin and composite porous materials of silica and/or calcium carbonate and aluminum oxide.
As an embodiment, the porous material of the present application is selected from a composite porous material of silicon dioxide and/or calcium carbonate and aluminum oxide (a detailed preparation method is disclosed in chinese patent CN 109608699A); preferably, the porous material comprises 20-95 wt% of silicon dioxide or calcium carbonate and 5-80 wt% of aluminum oxide; still more preferably, the silica, calcium carbonate or alumina of the porous material is derived from a silicon/calcium containing material comprising: one or more of alunite, rice hull ash, straw ash, montmorillonite, talc, yellow clay, mica, wollastonite, bauxite, protein shale, diatomite, and opal.
Preferably, the porous material is subjected to vacuum drying treatment; the process gas is dried and compressed by a compressor.
Further, the application also provides a porous material obtained by the method for adsorbing industrial waste gas.
Further, the application also provides application of the porous material as a rubber and plastic filler, a reinforcing additive or a raw material for carbon black production.
Further, the application also provides equipment of the method, the equipment comprises a mixer and a separator which are connected with each other, the mixer is connected with a gas inlet device and a particle adding device, and the separator is connected with a gas discharging device and a recycling device; the industrial waste gas and the porous material are respectively added into a mixer through an air inlet device and a particle adding device, the porous material and the industrial waste gas are violently collided in the mixer in a mechanical treatment mode, the industrial waste gas is adsorbed on the porous material, the porous material adsorbing the industrial waste gas is further crushed through the mechanical treatment, and the industrial waste gas is further adsorbed; after the gas-solid mixture is finished, the gas-solid mixture enters a separator to separate the gas from the crushed porous material for adsorbing the industrial waste gas; and the gas after adsorption enters a gas discharge device, and the crushed porous material enters a recovery device or circularly enters a separator.
Preferably, the mixer described in the present application adopts one or more combinations of a ball mill, a vertical mill and a jet mill; the separator includes: one or a plurality of combinations of a bag-type dust collector, a cyclone separator, a bin pump and an exhaust fan.
Preferably, the apparatus is provided with a thermally insulating layer at least on the outer surface of the mixer. Can avoid the condensed water generated on the side wall of the mixer to cause the particle agglomeration. Of course, the outer surface of the equipment can be provided with a heat insulation layer completely.
Preferably, the equipment further comprises a feeding device, wherein the feeding device mixes the porous material into the industrial waste gas; the mixer is connected with a feeding device, the feeding device is connected with a gas flow generating device, and mixed gas containing porous materials is sent into the mixer through gas flow.
As preferred mode, this application the blender adopt the mixed pipe-line system of multicycle connection, mixed pipe-line system mixes connector and multistage hybrid tube in advance, first hybrid tube is connected with mixing connector in advance, and the upper portion of two mixing connector in advance is connected through first half arc connecting pipe, and the lower part of two mixing connector in advance is connected through lower half arc connecting pipe, and last hybrid tube is connected with the separator.
As preferred mode, the bottom of lower half-circular arc connecting pipe described in this application is provided with the discharge valve.
Preferably, the feeding device comprises a feeding bin and a first transmitter, the feeding bin is connected with the first transmitter, the first transmitter is connected with an air flow generating device, the feeding bin feeds the porous material into the first transmitter, the first transmitter is connected to a premixing connector of the mixer through an air supply pipeline, and the porous material is fed into the premixing connector through air flow of the air flow generating device; the premixing connector comprises an industrial waste gas connecting pipe and a mixed gas connecting pipe, the industrial waste gas connecting pipe is connected with an industrial waste gas conveying pipe, the mixed gas connecting pipe is connected with an air supply pipeline, and the outlet end of the industrial waste gas connecting pipe is located below the outlet end of the mixed gas connecting pipe.
As a preferred mode, the premixing connecting head is composed of a cylindrical barrel and a circular truncated cone barrel, wherein the circular truncated cone barrel is positioned above the cylindrical barrel; one end of the industrial waste gas connecting pipe extends into the cylindrical barrel, and the other end of the industrial waste gas connecting pipe is provided with a connecting flange plate for connecting an industrial waste gas conveying pipe; one end of the mixed gas connecting pipe extends into the circular truncated cone cylinder, the end part of the mixed gas connecting pipe is bent upwards and tilted, and the other end of the mixed gas connecting pipe is provided with a connecting flange plate for connecting an air supply pipeline; and the upper part of the circular truncated cone cylinder body is provided with a connecting flange connected with the first mixing pipe, and the bottom of the cylindrical cylinder body is provided with a discharge valve.
Preferably, a circulating ash bin is arranged at the bottom of the separator, the bottom of the circulating ash bin is connected to a second transmitter, and the second transmitter is connected into an air supply pipeline at the rear end of the first transmitter.
As a preferred mode, the circulating ash bin is provided with an ash discharge valve and connected with a second compression pipeline system, the bottoms of the circulating ash bin and the medicament bin are provided with weight sensors for monitoring the weight of powder in real time, an air outlet is provided with a TVOC and PM2.5 real-time air quality monitor, and the air speed and the ash removal pulse of the second compression pipeline system are controlled in real time according to the weight change of the internal powder and the air quality monitor; the air supply pipeline of the second compression pipeline system can be connected with a separator.
Preferably, the separator and the feeding bin are provided with heating elements to maintain the temperature of 100 ℃ and 150 ℃ inside the separator and the feeding bin, so that the powder in the purification system is kept dry and highly adsorptive.
Preferably, the cross-section of the internal channel of the mixing tube described herein varies in cross-sectional shape or size with the gas flow.
Preferably, the cross-sectional change of the mixing tube described herein is a diameter reduction and/or diameter expansion.
As a preferred mode, the inside of mixing tube described in this application is provided with a plurality of conical caps, the reverse air current direction of toper setting of conical cap, and the bottom surface diameter is less than the pipeline diameter, and on the fixed mount that sets up mixing tube inner wall at the interval between a plurality of conical caps.
Preferably, the mixer described herein uses an air mill, the air flow of the air mill uses compressed industrial waste gas, and the porous material is fed by the industrial waste gas or compressed air.
Preferably, the mixer described in the present application adopts a ball mill, and the porous material is added into the ball mill along with the industrial waste gas; alternatively, the porous material and the process gas are fed separately to the ball mill.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the method has the advantages that:
1. the whole system is simple, does not contain the preparation of an adsorption structural part, does not need the desorption process after adsorption, and obviously reduces the operation cost of the system.
2. On one hand, the effective contact area of the porous material and the industrial waste gas is greatly increased through the synchronous crushing process; on the other hand, the contact time of the porous material and the industrial waste gas is prolonged, and the adsorption capacity of the porous material to the industrial waste gas is greatly improved.
3. Through the synchronization of adsorption and crushing, the crushed porous material continuously generates new contact surfaces, the specific surface area is continuously increased, the utilization rate of the porous material is greatly improved, and therefore, the treatment capacity of the industrial waste gas is improved.
4. The method does not need to process high-concentration industrial waste gas and hazardous waste materials through a combustion process, and realizes zero emission of carbon dioxide in the industrial waste gas treatment process.
5. The porous material for adsorbing industrial waste gas can be directly used as a raw material for rubber and plastic or carbon black production, does not produce secondary pollution, does not need high-temperature desorption, and has higher energy utilization rate.
6. The method can be used for treating industrial waste gas with high flow rate and large flow rate, the speed is more than 2m/s, and the flow rate is more than 2000 m/h.
7. The method can be widely applied to places such as dust, peculiar smell, smoke and the like generated in chemical plants, electronic plants, printing plants, paint spraying workshops, coating plants, food plants, rubber plants, coating plants, petrochemical industries and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a photograph of an engineering prototype according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mixer.
Fig. 10 and 11 are schematic structural views of the premix connecting head.
FIG. 12 is a comparison between before and after treatment of industrial waste gas.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present application refers to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
An adsorption separation apparatus without a simultaneous crushing process as shown in fig. 2, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises a waste gas inlet 1, a mixing pipeline system 2, a bag-type dust collector 3, an exhaust fan 4, a bin pump 5, an airflow conveying device 6, a sealed recovery bin 7 and a feeding device 8. The feeding device 8 feeds the material into the pneumatic conveying device 6 and is connected with the mixing pipeline system 2. As shown in fig. 9, the mixing pipeline system 2 includes a premixing connector 21 and a plurality of sections of mixing pipes 22, the first mixing pipe 22 is connected to the premixing connector 21, the upper portions of the two premixing connectors 21 are connected to each other through an upper semicircular connecting pipe 23, the lower portions of the two premixing connectors 21 are connected to each other through a lower semicircular connecting pipe 23, and the last mixing pipe 22 is connected to the bag-type dust collector 3.
Waste gas import 1 connect mixing pipe-line system 2 and let in mixing pipe-line system 2 with industrial waste gas and adsorption material through the fan in, industrial waste gas connects into sack cleaner 3 behind the independent pipeline and removes dust and separates, and the clean gas after the separation is taken out sack cleaner 3 under the effect of exhaust fan 4 and gets into the atmosphere. The adsorbing material after dust removal and separation is pumped into a sealed recovery bin 7 from a bag-type dust remover 3 under the action of a bin pump 5. A part of the adsorption material in the sealed recovery bin 7 is connected to the waste gas inlet 1 through the gas flow conveying device 6 for cyclic adsorption; part of the adsorbing material is put into the production of the rubber and plastic industry to form the production process synergy.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, the adsorption separation equipment for the variable cross-section tube-type synchronous crushing process belongs to the device comprising: the device comprises a waste gas inlet 1, a mixing pipeline system 2, a bag-type dust collector 3, an exhaust fan 4, a bin pump 5, an airflow conveying device 6, a sealed recovery bin 7 and a feeding device 8. The feeding device 8 feeds the material into the pneumatic conveying device 6 and is connected with the variable mixing pipeline system 2. The waste gas inlet 1 is connected with a mixing pipeline system 2, and industrial waste gas and an adsorbing material are introduced into the mixing pipeline system 2 through a fan. As shown in fig. 9, the mixing pipeline system includes a premixing connector 21 and a plurality of sections of mixing pipes 22, the first mixing pipe 22 is connected to the premixing connector 21, the upper portions of the two premixing connectors 21 are connected to each other through an upper semicircular connecting pipe 23, the lower portions of the two premixing connectors 21 are connected to each other through a lower semicircular connecting pipe 23, and the last mixing pipe 22 is connected to the bag-type dust collector 3. As shown in FIG. 3, the cross-sectional change of the mixing tube 22 is a continuous diameter reduction and diameter expansion.
The industrial waste gas passes through the variable cross-section pipeline, is crushed and adsorbed in the variable cross-section pipeline, and is connected into a bag-type dust collector 3 for dust removal and separation. The separated clean gas is pumped out of the bag-type dust collector 3 to enter the atmosphere under the action of the exhaust fan 4. The adsorbing material after dust removal and separation is pumped into a sealed recovery bin 7 from a bag-type dust remover 3 under the action of a bin pump 5. A part of the adsorption material in the sealed recovery bin 7 is connected to the waste gas inlet 1 through the gas flow conveying device 6 for cyclic adsorption; part of the adsorbing material is put into the production of the rubber and plastic industry to form the production process synergy.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 4, an adsorption separation apparatus for shield synchronous crushing process belongs to the apparatus comprising: the device comprises a waste gas inlet 1, a mixing pipeline system 2, a bag-type dust collector 3, an exhaust fan 4, a bin pump 5, an air flow conveying device 6, a sealed storage bin 7, a feeding device 8 and a conical cap 9. The feeding device 8 feeds the material into the pneumatic conveying device 6 and is connected with the mixing pipeline system 2. The waste gas inlet 1 is connected with a mixing pipeline system 2, and industrial waste gas and an adsorbing material are introduced into the mixing pipeline system 2 through a fan. As shown in fig. 9, the mixing pipeline system 2 includes a premixing connector 21 and a plurality of sections of mixing pipes 22, the first mixing pipe 22 is connected to the premixing connector 21, the upper portions of the two premixing connectors 21 are connected to each other through an upper semicircular connecting pipe 23, the lower portions of the two premixing connectors 21 are connected to each other through a lower semicircular connecting pipe 23, and the last mixing pipe 22 is connected to the bag-type dust collector 3. As shown in fig. 4, a plurality of conical caps 9 are arranged inside the mixing tube 22, the conical shape of the conical caps 9 is arranged in the reverse airflow direction, the diameter of the bottom surface is smaller than the diameter of the pipeline, and the conical caps 9 are fixedly arranged on the fixing frame of the inner wall of the mixing tube 22 at intervals.
The industrial waste gas is broken up by the impact thereof via the conical cap 9 and is adsorbed in the mixing pipe system 2. Then the mixture is connected into a bag-type dust collector 3 for dust removal and separation. The separated clean gas is pumped out of the bag-type dust collector 3 to enter the atmosphere under the action of the exhaust fan 4. The adsorbing material after dust removal and separation is pumped into a sealed storage bin 7 from a bag-type dust remover 3 under the action of a bin pump 5. A part of the adsorbing materials in the sealed storage bin 7 are connected into the waste gas inlet 1 through the airflow conveying device 6 for cyclic adsorption; part of the adsorbing material is put into the production of the rubber and plastic industry to form the production process synergy.
Example 4
An adsorption separation apparatus for an air mill type pulverizing process as shown in fig. 5, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises a waste gas inlet 1, an airflow mill 2, a bag-type dust collector 3, an exhaust fan 4, a bin pump 5, an airflow conveying device 6, a sealed storage bin 7 and a feeding device 8. The feeding device 8 feeds the material into the pneumatic conveying device 6 and is connected with the pneumatic mill 8 together with the waste gas inlet 1. The industrial waste gas and the porous material are collided and crushed at high speed under the action of the jet mill and are simultaneously adsorbed. Then the gas enters a bag-type dust collector 3 for dust removal and separation, and the separated clean gas is pumped out of the bag-type dust collector 3 under the action of an exhaust fan 4 and enters the atmosphere. The adsorbing material after dust removal and separation is pumped into a sealed storage bin 7 from a bag-type dust remover 3 under the action of a bin pump 5. A part of the adsorbing materials in the sealed storage bin 7 are connected into the waste gas inlet 1 through the airflow conveying device 6 for cyclic adsorption; part of the adsorbing material is put into the production of the rubber and plastic industry to form the production process synergy.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 6, an adsorption separation apparatus for a synchronous ball mill crushing process comprises: the device comprises a waste gas inlet 1, a ball mill 2, a bag-type dust collector 3, an exhaust fan 4, a bin pump 5, an airflow conveying device 6, a sealed recovery bin 7 and a feeding device 8; the feeding device 8 feeds the material into the pneumatic conveying device 6 and is connected with the ball mill 2. The waste gas inlet 1 is connected to a ball mill 2, and industrial waste gas in the ball mill is violently crushed and adsorbed when passing through. Then the gas is connected into a bag-type dust remover 3 for dust removal and separation, and the separated clean gas is pumped out of the bag-type dust remover 3 to enter the atmosphere under the action of an exhaust fan 4. The adsorbing material after dust removal and separation is pumped into a sealed recovery bin 7 from a bag-type dust remover 3 under the action of a bin pump 5. A part of the adsorption material in the sealed recovery bin 7 is connected to the waste gas inlet 1 through the gas flow conveying device 6 for cyclic adsorption; part of the adsorbing material is put into the production of the rubber and plastic industry to form the production process synergy.
Example 6
Fig. 7 shows a principle verification device for improving the adsorption of industrial waste gas by porous materials through a synchronous crushing process, which is used for adsorbing industrial waste gas generated in the tire production process of tire production enterprises.
As shown in fig. 8, the apparatus includes an exhaust gas inlet 1, a mixer 2, a separator 3, and a charging device 8. Feeding device 8 is connected to blender 2, and feeding device 8 is connected with air flow conveyor 6, and adsorbing material passes through air flow conveyor 6 and air mixing, air flow conveyor 6 be a compressed air system compressed air flow velocity range 2.5~3m3And/min. The feeding device 8 mixes the adsorbing material into the tail gas; the adsorbent material is selected from mineral powder of diatoms. Air current conveyor 6 sends into blender 2 through the air current with the mist that contains adsorbent material, separator 3 connect mixer 2, separator 3 be the sack cleaner, the sack cleaner will adsorb VOC's adsorbent material and the tail gas separation that has handled, the exhaust emission that fume extractor 5 will separate is connected to the air outlet of separator 3.
As shown in fig. 9, the mixer 2 is a multi-cycle connected mixing pipeline system, the multi-cycle connected mixing pipeline system includes a pre-mixing connector 21 and 5 sections of mixing pipes 22, the first mixing pipe 22 is connected with the pre-mixing connector 21, the upper parts of the two pre-mixing connectors 21 are connected through an upper half arc-shaped connecting pipe 23, the lower parts of the two pre-mixing connectors 21 are connected through a lower half arc-shaped connecting pipe 23, and the 5 th mixing pipe 22 is connected with the separator 3; and a discharge valve 24 is arranged at the bottom of the lower semi-circular arc-shaped connecting pipe 23.
As shown in fig. 8, the charging device 8 comprises a charging bin 81 and a first transmitter 82, the charging bin 81 is connected with the first transmitter 82, the first transmitter 82 is connected with the air flow delivery device 6, the charging bin 81 feeds the adsorbing material into the first transmitter 82, the first transmitter 82 is connected to the premixing joint 21 of the mixer 2 through an air supply pipeline, and the adsorbing material is fed into the premixing joint 21 through the air flow of the air flow delivery device 6.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the pre-mixing connector 21 includes a tail gas connecting pipe 211 and a mixed gas connecting pipe 212, the tail gas connecting pipe 211 is connected to the tail gas delivery pipe, the mixed gas connecting pipe 212 is connected to the air supply pipeline, and an outlet end of the tail gas connecting pipe 211 is located below an outlet end of the mixed gas connecting pipe 212. The premixing connector 21 is composed of a cylindrical barrel 213 and a circular truncated cone barrel 214, and the circular truncated cone barrel 214 is positioned above the cylindrical barrel 213; one end of the tail gas connecting pipe 211 extends into the cylindrical barrel 213, and the other end of the tail gas connecting pipe 211 is provided with a connecting flange plate for connecting a tail gas conveying pipe; one end of the mixed gas connecting pipe 212 extends into the circular truncated cone barrel 214, the end part is bent upwards and tilted, and the other end is provided with a connecting flange plate for connecting an air supply pipeline; a connecting flange connected with the first mixing pipe 22 is arranged at the upper part of the circular truncated cone cylinder 214, and a discharge valve is arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical cylinder 213.
As shown in fig. 8, a bin pump 5 is arranged at the bottom of the separator 3, the bottom of the bin pump 5 is connected with a sealed storage bin 7, the sealed storage bin 7 is connected with a second sender 83, and the second sender 83 is connected into an air supply pipeline at the rear end of a first sender 82; the sealed storage bin 7 is provided with an ash discharge valve 71 and is connected with a second compression pipeline system 61, and the compressed air flow velocity range of the second compression pipeline system 61 is 2m3Min, the sealed storage bin 7 and the bottom of the chemical bin are provided with weight sensors for monitoring the weight of the powder in real time, the air outlet is provided with a TVOC and PM2.5 real-time air quality monitor, and the air speed and the ash removal pulse of the second compression pipeline system 61 are controlled in real time according to the weight change of the internal powder and the air quality monitor; the air supply pipeline of the second compression pipeline system 61 can also be connected to the separator 3; the separator 3 and the feeding bin 81 are provided with heating elements to maintain the temperature inside the separator at 100 ℃ and 150 ℃, so that the powder in the purification system is kept dry and highly adsorptive.
Taking the industrial waste gas treatment of rubber production enterprises as an example, the equipment is as shown above, and VOCs mixed gas is introduced, wherein the concentration of toluene in the gas is 100mg/m3Ethyl acetate 140mg/m3Acetone 110mg/m350nm carbon black 100mg/m3The total concentration of organic substances (TVOC) is 350mg/m3Total concentration of inorganic matter 100mg/m3Total flow of exhaust gas 2m3The technical properties are shown in the table. Before and after industrial waste gas treatment, comparing 120min, and starting to put the diatom minerals into the chemical binThe powder results are shown in FIG. 12.
Example 7
As in example 2. The flow rate of the processed industrial flue gas is 2200 m/h, the full pressure is 5000Pa, the length of the mixed flow pipe is 12m, and the adsorbing material is an inorganic porous material. This example used a silica gel inorganic porous material, and the particle diameter (D50) of the material was 7.3. mu.m. The gas concentration of the industrial flue gas at the gas inlet is 15-20mg/m3The PM2.5 of solid particles in the exhaust gas is 560mg/m3。
Taking tail gas treatment of rubber manufacturing enterprises as an example, the flow rate of industrial flue gas treated is 2200 m/h, the full pressure is 5000Pa, the length of the mixed flow pipe is 12m, the adsorbing material is an inorganic porous material, the silica gel inorganic porous material is adopted in the embodiment, and the particle size (D50) is 7.3 μm. The gas concentration of the industrial flue gas at the gas inlet is 15-20mg/m3, and the PM2.5 of solid particles in the waste gas is 560mg/m3。
The waste gas adsorption efficiency is stabilized to be more than 85% when the equipment runs stably for 130 hours, and the PM2.5 adsorption efficiency is 100%. The VOC concentration detection data of the inlet and outlet of the system are as follows:
after operation, the particle size (D50) of the porous material is changed from 7.3 mu m to 3.9 mu m, and the function of synchronizing adsorption and crushing is realized.
The adsorbed porous material (in the embodiment, the porous material is a silica powder material which is a functional material normally used in the current tire industry and mainly used for reducing tire heat generation) can be directly used in a tire rubber material formula to improve the mechanical and thermodynamic properties of the rubber material.
The thermodynamic properties of the porous material in rubber before and after adsorption are compared as shown in the following table:
from the table data, it can be seen that: the elongation at break of the porous material after adsorbing the smoke is increased, the stress at break is increased, the permanent deformation is reduced, the hysteresis loss is reduced, and the mechanical and thermodynamic properties of the porous material after adsorbing the smoke under the conditions of static state, normal temperature, high temperature and aging are greatly improved, so that the performance of the porous material is superior to that of the unadsorbed porous material.
Example 7
Combining the apparatus described in examples 1-5, the apparatus of examples 1-5 was recorded, respectively: inlet velocity of the exhaust inlet, inlet particle size, inlet concentration and outlet concentration of the exhaust fan and outlet particle size, and the following table is obtained:
from the table test data: after the method disclosed by the invention is utilized, the particles are synchronously crushed in the adsorption process, and the crushing effect is obvious. Data testing by several examples shows that: the adsorption efficiency is closely related to the inlet speed, the particle crushing degree and the adsorption time, and each embodiment can achieve 100 percent of adsorption by setting related parameters and adjusting the size of equipment.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention, including any reference to the above-mentioned embodiments. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (15)
1. A method for treating industrial waste gas comprises adding industrial waste gas and porous material into a mixer for adsorption, allowing the obtained gas-solid mixture to enter a separator, and separating gas from the crushed porous material for adsorbing industrial waste gas; the method is characterized in that the industrial waste gas is adsorbed on the porous material in the mixer in a mechanical treatment mode, the porous material adsorbing the industrial waste gas is violently collided through the mechanical treatment, the porous material is synchronously crushed, and the industrial waste gas is further adsorbed.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the mechanical treatment comprises one or more of crushing, grinding, pulverizing, impacting, gas turbulence, and high velocity fluid processing.
3. The industrial waste gas treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the initial maximum particle size of the porous material is less than 0.1 mm; the particle size of the crushed porous material is 100nm-20 mu m; the average grain diameter ratio before and after crushing is 1.5-100: 1; preferably, the pore diameter of the porous material is 1-500nm, and the BET nitrogen adsorption specific surface area is 1m2/g~350 m2/g。
4. The method for treating industrial waste gas according to claim 1, wherein the porous material is selected from one or more of activated carbon, bamboo charcoal, rice hull ash, straw ash, protein shale, diatomite, opal, silica, calcium carbonate, diatomite, attapulgite, zeolite, macroporous resin, and composite porous material of silica and/or calcium carbonate and alumina.
5. The industrial waste gas treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the porous material is selected from a composite porous material of silica and/or calcium carbonate and alumina; preferably, the porous material comprises 20-95 wt% of silicon dioxide or calcium carbonate and 5-80 wt% of aluminum oxide; still more preferably, the silica, calcium carbonate or alumina of the porous material is derived from a silicon/calcium containing material comprising: one or more of alunite, rice hull ash, straw ash, montmorillonite, talc, yellow clay, mica, wollastonite, bauxite, protein shale, diatomite, and opal.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the porous material is subjected to vacuum drying; the process gas is dried and compressed by a compressor.
7. The porous material obtained by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for adsorbing industrial waste gases and the use of the porous material as a rubber-plastic filler, a reinforcing additive or a raw material for carbon black production.
8. The apparatus of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the apparatus comprises a mixer and a separator connected to each other, the mixer being connected to a gas inlet means and a particle adding means, and the separator being connected to a gas discharge means and a recovery means; the industrial waste gas and the porous material are respectively added into a mixer through an air inlet device and a particle adding device, the porous material is violently collided in the industrial waste gas in the mixer in a mechanical treatment mode, so that the industrial waste gas is adsorbed on the porous material, and the porous material adsorbing the industrial waste gas is further crushed through the mechanical treatment and further adsorbs the industrial waste gas; after the gas-solid mixture is finished, the gas-solid mixture enters a separator to separate the gas from the crushed porous material for adsorbing the industrial waste gas; the gas after adsorption enters a gas discharge device; preferably, the crushed and adsorbed porous material is recycled to enter a mixer for full adsorption and further crushing, and the porous material saturated in adsorption enters a recovery device.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the mixer is one or more of a ball mill, a vertical mill and a jet mill; the separator includes: one or a plurality of combinations of a bag-type dust collector, a cyclone separator, a bin pump and an exhaust fan.
10. An apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the apparatus is provided with a thermally insulating layer at least on the outer surface of the mixer.
11. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the mixer is a multi-cycle connected mixing pipeline system, the mixing pipeline system comprises a premixing connector (21) and a plurality of sections of mixing pipes (22), the first mixing pipe (22) is connected with the premixing connector (21), the upper parts of the two premixing connectors (21) are connected through an upper half-circular connecting pipe (23), the lower parts of the two premixing connectors (21) are connected through a lower half-circular connecting pipe (23), and the last mixing pipe (22) is connected with the separator (3); preferably, the bottom of the lower semi-circular arc connecting pipe (23) is provided with a discharge valve (24).
12. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that it further comprises a feeding device, said feeding device (8) mixing the porous material into the industrial waste gas; the mixer is connected with a feeding device (8), the feeding device (8) is connected with a gas flow generating device, and mixed gas containing porous materials is sent into the mixer through gas flow;
preferably, the feeding device (8) comprises a feeding bin (81) and a first transmitter (82), the feeding bin (81) is connected with the first transmitter (82), the first transmitter (82) is connected with the air flow conveying device (6), the feeding bin (81) feeds the porous material into the first transmitter (82), the first transmitter (82) is connected to the premixing connector (21) of the mixer (2) through an air blowing pipeline, and the porous material is fed into the premixing connector (21) through the air flow of the air flow conveying device (6); the premixing connector (21) comprises an industrial waste gas connecting pipe (211) and a mixed gas connecting pipe (212), the industrial waste gas connecting pipe (211) is connected with an industrial waste gas conveying pipe, the mixed gas connecting pipe (212) is connected with an air supply pipeline, and the outlet end of the industrial waste gas connecting pipe (211) is positioned below the outlet end of the mixed gas connecting pipe (212);
preferably, the premixing connector (21) is composed of a cylindrical barrel (213) and a circular truncated cone barrel (214), and the circular truncated cone barrel (214) is positioned above the cylindrical barrel (213); one end of the industrial waste gas connecting pipe (211) extends into the cylindrical barrel (213), and the other end of the industrial waste gas connecting pipe (211) is provided with a connecting flange plate for connecting an industrial waste gas conveying pipe; one end of the mixed gas connecting pipe (212) extends into the circular truncated cone cylinder (214), the end part of the mixed gas connecting pipe is bent upwards and tilted, and the other end of the mixed gas connecting pipe is provided with a connecting flange plate for connecting an air supply pipeline; a connecting flange connected with the first mixing pipe (22) is arranged at the upper part of the circular truncated cone cylinder (214), and a discharge valve is arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical cylinder (213);
preferably, a circulating ash bin (6) is arranged at the bottom of the separator (3), the bottom of the circulating ash bin (6) is connected to a second transmitter (83), and the second transmitter (83) is connected into an air supply pipeline at the rear end of the first transmitter (82);
preferably, the circulating ash bin (6) is provided with an ash discharge valve (61) and is connected with a second compression pipeline system (61), weight sensors are arranged at the bottoms of the circulating ash bin (6) and the chemical bin to monitor the weight of the powder in real time, a TVOC and PM2.5 real-time air quality monitor is arranged at an air outlet, and the air speed and the ash removal pulse of the second compression pipeline system (61) are controlled in real time according to the weight change of the internal powder and the air quality monitor; the air supply pipeline of the second compression pipeline system (61) can be connected into a separator (3);
preferably, the separator (3) and the feeding bin (81) are provided with heating elements to maintain the temperature inside the separator at 100 ℃ and 150 ℃, so that the powder inside the purification system is kept dry and highly adsorptive.
13. The apparatus according to claim 11-or 12, characterized in that the cross-section of the internal passage of the mixing duct (22) varies in shape or size as the gas flow goes; preferably, the cross section of the mixing tube (22) is changed by reducing and/or expanding.
14. The apparatus according to claim 11 or 12, wherein a plurality of conical caps are arranged inside the mixing tube (22), the conical shape of the conical caps is arranged in the reverse direction of the airflow, the diameter of the bottom surface of the conical caps is smaller than that of the pipeline, and the conical caps are arranged at intervals and are respectively fixed on a fixing frame on the inner wall of the mixing tube (22).
15. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the mixer is an air mill, the air stream of the air mill is compressed industrial waste gas, and the porous material is fed by the industrial waste gas or compressed air; or, the mixer adopts a ball mill, and the porous material is added into the ball mill along with the industrial waste gas; alternatively, the porous material and the process gas are fed separately to the ball mill.
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| CN2466654Y (en) * | 2001-02-16 | 2001-12-19 | 北京惠佳特电器设备有限公司 | Adsorption column |
| EP2011558A1 (en) * | 2007-05-16 | 2009-01-07 | Babcock Noell GmbH | Facility and method for removing contaminants from exhaust gas |
| CN106823687A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-06-13 | 曲卫晶 | A kind of industrial waste gas purifying and secondary pollutant harmless treatment process |
| CN106824082A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2017-06-13 | 杨松 | A kind of volatile organic compound from waste gas hypersober preparation method |
| CN209985160U (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2020-01-24 | 大唐东北电力试验研究院有限公司 | Dry flue gas purification device of circulating fluidized bed |
| CN110732228A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-31 | 湘潭大学 | Flue gas desulfurization method and apparatus |
| CN217092807U (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2022-08-02 | 王友善 | Industrial waste gas treatment equipment |
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