CN113575257A - Cultivation method for keeping sandalwood vigorous growth and promoting trunk thickening - Google Patents
Cultivation method for keeping sandalwood vigorous growth and promoting trunk thickening Download PDFInfo
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- CN113575257A CN113575257A CN202110888950.2A CN202110888950A CN113575257A CN 113575257 A CN113575257 A CN 113575257A CN 202110888950 A CN202110888950 A CN 202110888950A CN 113575257 A CN113575257 A CN 113575257A
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- 235000008632 Santalum album Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 241000221035 Santalaceae Species 0.000 title claims abstract 24
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method for keeping sandalwood vigorous growth and promoting trunk thickening, a host plant matching and planting method in the planting process adopts arbor, shrub and herb mixed hosts, and specifically comprises the following steps: (1) planting arbor hosts in the middle position between every two adjacent rows of sandalwood, and planting the arbor hosts in a circulating manner, wherein the sandalwood and the arbor hosts are planted in a row; (2) planting shrub hosts around each sandalwood plant, wherein the planting number ratio of the sandalwood to the shrub hosts around is 1: 4; (3) and after the permanent planting of the arbor hosts and the shrub hosts is finished, broadcasting or cutting to enable the stylosanthes to cover the whole ground. The cultivation method can realize the large-scale planting of the sandalwood, the sandalwood can keep vigorous growth, the plant shapes and the sizes are consistent, and the sustainable development of a sandalwood plantation is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of forestry planting, and particularly relates to a cultivation method for keeping sandalwood vigorous growth and promoting trunk thickening.
Background
Sandalwood is native to the Pacific islands and is cultivated mostly in India. The sandalwood tree is called "golden tree" because it is almost precious all over the body and the economic value of each is very high. In the last 60 th century, sandalwood is introduced into China, and a small number of big trees which are successfully introduced are existed in the south China and the southwest China, so that the sandalwood is suitable for planting in partial China. Before and after this century, the large-scale growing of sandalwood has been carried out in many areas in south China, but the real finished products are few, and many planting bases are strong in bombing during planting and then slowly disappear. The main reason for this is that sandalwood is a semi-parasitic positive plant, the roots of which need to be parasitic on the roots of other plants, and the branches and leaves of which need sufficient sunlight and grow very slowly. Unreasonable or unsuccessful preparation of host plants, or herbicide application, water accumulation in land, and sunshine deficiency of sandalwood during cultivation may cause planting failure of sandalwood.
Glyphosate is a systemic biocidal herbicide, is the most widely used herbicide in agricultural production, and is also commonly used for removing under-forest weeds of woody crops such as orchards, rubber forests, tea gardens and the like. Methoxone is a systemic selective herbicide, has a toxic effect on dicotyledons, is harmless to monocotyledons, and is commonly used for gramineous crops or for removing dicotyledonous weeds. Santalum dicotyledonous woody plants are extremely sensitive to both herbicides. After the two herbicides are sprayed, the sandalwood root sucking disc is necrotic. Investigating a plurality of sandalwood plantations, removing weeds in the fields in the same way as other woody crops, and spraying glyphosate or glyphosate and methoxone to remove weeds in the forest. The herbicide sprayed in the sandalwood base has more plant loss, different sizes and inconsistent growth vigor, causes great economic loss for sandalwood planters, and also hinders the development of the sandalwood planting industry in China. Therefore, how to put an end to the use of herbicides to avoid the inundation of weeds and the clumping of weeds in the process of sandalwood cultivation is one of the key factors influencing the success of sandalwood cultivation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a cultivation method for keeping sandalwood vigorous growth and promoting trunk thickening, which is completely not suitable for a herbicide, and sandalwood can keep vigorous growth and has consistent plant shape and size.
Therefore, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a cultivation method for keeping sandalwood vigorous growth and promoting trunk thickening, a host plant matching method in a planting process adopts arbor, shrub and herb mixed hosts, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) planting arbor hosts in the middle position between every two adjacent rows of sandalwood, and planting the arbor hosts in a circulating manner, wherein the sandalwood and the arbor hosts are planted in a row;
(2) planting shrub hosts around each sandalwood plant, wherein the planting number ratio of the sandalwood to the shrub hosts around is 1: 4;
(3) and after the permanent planting of the arbor hosts and the shrub hosts is finished, sowing or cutting the stylosanthes guianensis to enable the stylosanthes guianensis to cover the whole ground.
According to the preferable technical scheme, the arbor host is one or more of dalbergia odorifera, altar trees, melia azedarach and acacia confusa; and/or the arbor host is evergreen fruit tree which is one or more of longan, naseberry and wampee.
According to the preferable technical scheme, the plant distance between the sandalwood and the arbor hosts is 2.5 meters, and the plant distance between the arbor hosts is 3-5 meters.
According to the preferable technical scheme, the shrub host is one or two of murraya paniculata and variegated wood.
According to the preferable technical scheme, the distance between the sandalwood and the shrub host is 1 m.
In a preferred technical scheme, the cultivation method comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a planting land: selecting a sloping field with the annual average temperature of 19.2-28.9 ℃, the lowest temperature of not less than 0 ℃, the rainfall of 600-2000 mm, seasonal arid climate environment, good land drainage and a slope of 5-15 degrees;
(2) ploughing the land: in autumn and winter with less rainfall, deeply ploughing soil by using a large tractor, and tedding for 1-2 months until the soil is loose and cured;
(3) digging holes: determining the row spacing of the sandalwood, and mechanically digging holes, wherein the length, width and depth of the holes are as follows: stacking soil around the holes of 80cm × 80cm × 60cm, and airing for 1 week;
(4) applying a base fertilizer: applying 10-15kg of decomposed organic fertilizer in each hole, uniformly mixing part of hole soil and the organic fertilizer, and backfilling the hole with the fertilizer soil to about 2/3 points of the depth of the hole;
(5) planting sandalwood: planting the sandalwood seedlings and the hosts in the holes, layering, returning soil and compacting, wherein the root necks of the seedlings are slightly higher than the ground by 5cm, and sufficiently pouring root fixing water;
(6) matching and planting host plants;
(7) and (3) maintenance and management of sandalwood: including additional planting, drainage and irrigation, weed control, and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the sandalwood cultivation method provided by the invention, host plants adopt a mode of mixed planting of various tree species, the pillar flowers, the grasses and the grasses are used for cultivation as ground cover plants to cover the field ground, weeds are prevented from growing thickly, the ground cover is cut short by a mower regularly, intertillage and weeding are avoided, and the use of herbicides is completely avoided. The good materials for matching planting, such as Dalbergia odorifera and acacia confusa in Taiwan, can reach half the yield value of pure forest; the host is planted with fruit trees such as wampee, nasturtium and the like, the management is extensive, the plant diseases and insect pests are few, the fruit quality is good, and good economic benefits can be generated in a short period. The method for planting the sandalwood on a large scale is used for planting the sandalwood, the sandalwood can keep vigorous growth, the plant shapes are consistent, the fatal problems that the sandalwood is weak in growth vigor, dead at the top tip, discontinuous in plant death and low in yield in the sandalwood planting process in China are solved, and the sustainable development of a sandalwood plantation is guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sandalwood host of example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of sandalwood host plantation in example 2 of the present invention.
In the above figures, Sandalwood; lignum Dalbergiae Odoriferae; media Taiwan missing in China; murraya koenigii; @ is ramulus Et folium Alstoniae Scholaris; in addition, the manyinhuo tea is prepared by the following raw materials of manyinhuo; the yellow skin is #;
jaboticaba; Ψ Synsepalum dulcificum.
Detailed Description
The following further describes a specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings by using specific examples, which are intended to describe the technical solution in detail, but not to limit the technical solution. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A cultivation method for keeping sandalwood vigorous growth and promoting trunk thickening comprises the following steps:
1. selecting a planting land: in the subtropical zone of the tropical zone, a microclimate environment with seasonal drought is selected, the soil is deep, fertile and loose, the drainage is good, and the gentle slope land with the gradient of 5-15 degrees is planted.
2. Ploughing the land: in autumn and winter with less rainfall, deeply ploughing soil by using a large tractor, and tedding for 1-2 months until the soil is loose and cured.
3. Digging holes: the spacing between sandalwood plants was determined to be 3 × 5 m. Mechanically digging holes with length, width and depth of 80cm × 80cm × 60cm, piling up soil around the holes, and air-drying for 1 week.
4. Applying a base fertilizer: applying 15kg of decomposed organic fertilizer in each hole, uniformly mixing part of hole soil and the organic fertilizer, and backfilling the hole with the fertilizer soil until the depth of the hole is about 2/3 degrees.
5. Planting sandalwood: planting the sandalwood seedling and the host in the cave, layering, returning soil and compacting, wherein the root neck of the seedling is slightly higher than the ground by 5cm, and pouring enough root fixing water.
6. Host matching:
(1) sequentially planting dalbergia odorifera and Taiwan acacia in the middle position between rows of each adjacent sandalwood, planting one row of dalbergia odorifera and one row of Taiwan acacia in the adjacent places, and circularly planting;
(2) planting Jiuguoxiang on the left side and the right side of each sandalwood, planting leaf-changing trees in front of and behind each sandalwood, and planting the Jiuguoxiang and the sandalwood in parallel;
(3) and after the field planting of the dalbergia odorifera, the acacia confusa, the jiu guoxiang and the leaf-changing wood is completed, sowing or cutting the stylosanthes guianensis, so that the stylosanthes guianensis covers the whole ground.
7. And (3) maintenance and management of sandalwood: and (4) supplementing, namely, periodically inspecting the loss condition of the sandalwood and the host every week in the early planting stage, and timely supplementing seeds when the loss is found. In rainy season, water drainage is paid attention to prevent water accumulation, and moderate drought of sandalwood is kept. The height and the quantity of the host are controlled, sufficient sunlight of sandalwood is guaranteed, and ventilation and light transmission in the field are kept. When the height of the stylosanthes guianensis reaches more than 30cm and the stylosanthes guianensis grows too vigorously and affects lighting and ventilation of sandalwood, the stylosanthes guianensis needs to be trimmed, the stylosanthes guianensis is cut short by a mower, the height of the stylosanthes guianensis seedling is 5-10 cm, cut broken grass can be scattered on the tree head or the field, soil humidity is kept, and soil fertility is increased.
Example 2
A cultivation method for keeping sandalwood vigorous growth and promoting trunk thickening comprises the following steps:
1. selecting a planting land: in the subtropical zone of the tropical zone, a microclimate environment with seasonal drought is selected, the soil is deep, fertile and loose, the drainage is good, and the gentle slope land with the gradient of 5-15 degrees is planted.
2. Ploughing the land: in autumn and winter with less rainfall, deeply ploughing soil by using a large tractor, and tedding for 1-2 months until the soil is loose and cured.
3. Digging holes: the spacing between sandalwood plants was determined to be 3 × 5 m. Mechanically digging holes with length, width and depth of 80cm × 80cm × 60cm, piling up soil around the holes, and air-drying for 1 week.
4. Applying a base fertilizer: applying 15kg of decomposed organic fertilizer in each hole, uniformly mixing part of hole soil and the organic fertilizer, and backfilling the hole with the fertilizer soil until the depth of the hole is about 2/3 degrees.
5. Planting sandalwood: planting the sandalwood seedling and the host in the cave, layering, returning soil and compacting, wherein the root neck of the seedling is slightly higher than the ground by 5cm, and pouring enough root fixing water.
6. Host matching:
(1) planting naseberry and wampee in sequence at the middle position between each two adjacent rows of sandalwood, planting one row of naseberry, planting one row of adjacent wampee, and planting in a circulating way;
(2) planting jaboticaba on the left side and the right side of each sandalwood, planting miracle fruit before and after each sandalwood, and planting jaboticaba and miracle fruit in parallel;
(3) and after the planting of the naseberry, the wampee fruit, the jaboticaba and the miracle fruit is finished, broadcasting or cutting the stylosanthes guianensis to enable the stylosanthes guianensis to cover the whole ground.
7. And (3) maintenance and management of sandalwood: and (4) supplementing, namely, periodically inspecting the loss condition of the sandalwood and the host every week in the early planting stage, and timely supplementing seeds when the loss is found. In rainy season, water drainage is paid attention to prevent water accumulation, and moderate drought of sandalwood is kept. The height and the quantity of the host are controlled, sufficient sunlight of sandalwood is guaranteed, and ventilation and light transmission in the field are kept. When the height of the stylosanthes guianensis reaches more than 30cm and the stylosanthes guianensis grows too vigorously and affects lighting and ventilation of sandalwood, the stylosanthes guianensis needs to be trimmed, the stylosanthes guianensis is cut short by a mower, the height of the stylosanthes guianensis seedling is 5-10 cm, cut broken grass can be scattered on the tree head or the field, soil humidity is kept, and soil fertility is increased.
When the cultivation method of the invention is adopted to plant sandalwood, the planted plants are consistent in size and growth vigor. Big, flat, thick and solid leaves and dark green leaves; the crown is complete without phenomena of dead branches and arbuscular branches; the trunk thickens more quickly and the bark has luster. After 5 years of planting, the average diameter at breast height of the sandalwood reaches 10cm, and the sandalwood heartwood is formed.
The cultivation method provided by the invention can increase the additional value of the sandalwood plantation by matching with the host. The sandalwood needs more than 10 years, the investment time is long, and the effect is slow. The host plants which are harvested in a short period and have high economic value are selected, so that economic benefits can be generated quickly, the gap of long-term funds of the sandalwood is made up, and early and better fund return is generated.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A cultivation method for keeping sandalwood vigorous growth and promoting trunk thickening is characterized in that a host plant matching method in a planting process adopts arbor, shrub and herb mixed hosts, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) planting arbor hosts in the middle position between every two adjacent rows of sandalwood, and planting the arbor hosts in a circulating manner, wherein the sandalwood and the arbor hosts are planted in a row;
(2) planting shrub hosts around each sandalwood plant, wherein the planting number ratio of the sandalwood to the shrub hosts around is 1: 4;
(3) and after the permanent planting of the arbor hosts and the shrub hosts is finished, sowing or cutting the stylosanthes guianensis to enable the stylosanthes guianensis to cover the whole ground.
2. The cultivation method for keeping sandalwood vigorous growth and promoting trunk thickening as claimed in claim 1, wherein the arbor host is one or more of dalbergia odorifera, dalbergia indica, altar tree, melia azedarach and acacia vitis vinifera; and/or the arbor host is evergreen fruit tree which is one or more of longan, naseberry and wampee.
3. The cultivation method for keeping sandalwood vigorous in growth and promoting trunk thickening as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plant spacing between sandalwood and arbor host is 2.5 m and the plant spacing between arbor host is 3-5 m.
4. The cultivation method for keeping sandalwood vigorous in growth and promoting trunk thickening as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shrub host is one or both of murraya jasminorage and metaphylium wilsonii.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the sandalwood is at a distance of 1 m from the shrub host.
6. The cultivation method for keeping sandalwood vigorous in growth and promoting trunk thickening as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the cultivation method comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a planting land: selecting a sloping field with the annual average temperature of 19.2-28.9 ℃, the lowest temperature of not less than 0 ℃, the rainfall of 600-2000 mm, seasonal arid climate environment, good land drainage and a slope of 5-15 degrees;
(2) ploughing the land: in autumn and winter with less rainfall, deeply ploughing soil by using a large tractor, and tedding for 1-2 months until the soil is loose and cured;
(3) digging holes: determining the row spacing of the sandalwood, and mechanically digging holes, wherein the length, width and depth of the holes are as follows: stacking soil around the holes of 80cm × 80cm × 60cm, and airing for 1 week;
(4) applying a base fertilizer: applying 10-15kg of decomposed organic fertilizer in each hole, uniformly mixing part of hole soil and the organic fertilizer, and backfilling the hole with the fertilizer soil to about 2/3 points of the depth of the hole;
(5) planting sandalwood: planting the sandalwood seedlings and the hosts in the holes, layering, returning soil and compacting, wherein the root necks of the seedlings are slightly higher than the ground by 5cm, and sufficiently pouring root fixing water;
(6) matching and planting host plants;
(7) and (3) maintenance and management of sandalwood: comprises the steps of supplementary planting, field weed control, drainage and irrigation.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103907470A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-07-09 | 南安聚华庄生态农业专业合作社 | Quick sandalwood cultivation method |
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| CN106332724A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-18 | 李军 | Planting technology and planting methods for early bearing heartwood of algum |
| CN111602553A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-09-01 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所试验站 | Planting method for promoting rapid growth of sandalwood by mixed cross of different ages |
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2021
- 2021-08-04 CN CN202110888950.2A patent/CN113575257A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103907470A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-07-09 | 南安聚华庄生态农业专业合作社 | Quick sandalwood cultivation method |
| CN106069477A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-11-09 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所 | A kind of host matching method of Lignum Santali Albi plantation |
| CN106332724A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-18 | 李军 | Planting technology and planting methods for early bearing heartwood of algum |
| CN111602553A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-09-01 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所试验站 | Planting method for promoting rapid growth of sandalwood by mixed cross of different ages |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 武丽琼: "《檀香种植栽培技术综述》", 《中国园艺文摘》 * |
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