CN113567558A - Soil moisture content ultrasonic measuring device and measuring method - Google Patents
Soil moisture content ultrasonic measuring device and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113567558A CN113567558A CN202110740093.1A CN202110740093A CN113567558A CN 113567558 A CN113567558 A CN 113567558A CN 202110740093 A CN202110740093 A CN 202110740093A CN 113567558 A CN113567558 A CN 113567558A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic measuring device and a measuring method for soil moisture content, wherein the method comprises the following steps: measuring the soil moisture content theta through a moisture content probe; calculating the propagation velocity V of the ultrasonic wave under the water content of the soilSoil for soil(ii) a Repeating the operations for multiple times to establish a database; placing a measuring device over soil to be measured; recording the time t of the second ultrasonic receiver receiving the signal1Calculating the ultrasonic propagation velocity V at the position1(ii) a Moving the slide block downwards by delta h; recording the time t of the second ultrasonic receiver receiving the signal2 record(ii) a Calculating the time t of the second ultrasonic receiver receiving the signal2 calculationAnd determine t2 calculationWhether it is equal to the recorded time t2 record(ii) a Recording the thickness and water content of the layer in the background; and (4) according to the operation measurement, obtaining the water content and the thickness of each layer of soil, and constructing a change curve. Hair brushObviously, not only can the change curve of the soil moisture content along the soil depth direction be obtained, but also probe rust and corrosion are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a soil moisture content measuring device and method, in particular to a soil moisture content ultrasonic measuring device and method.
Background
The soil moisture content is the humidity index of soil, and accurate soil moisture content measurement has crucial effect to the growth of vegetation. In actual production operation, the probe of the humidity sensor is buried in soil for crop growth and is in direct contact with the soil so as to directly obtain real data, and the probe buried in the soil is connected with an external sensor body through a data line so as to transmit humidity information in real time.
Further, when the probe is inserted into soil, the probe is in contact with the soil for a long time, so that the probe is easily oxidized with air, moisture, trace elements and the like in the soil, rust and corrosion are caused, measured data are inaccurate, and the precision of the probe is influenced. In addition, the existing method and probe for measuring the water content can only measure the water content of one point or a small range, and the change of the water content along the soil depth cannot be measured, so that the irrigation cannot be accurately carried out, and the vegetation growth is greatly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the existing problems and provide an ultrasonic measurement method for the soil moisture content, which adopts a non-contact measurement method, not only can avoid probe rust and corrosion, but also can obtain a change curve of the soil moisture content along the soil depth direction.
Another object of the present invention is to overcome the above problems and to provide an ultrasonic soil moisture content measuring device.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the ultrasonic soil moisture content measuring device comprises a moisture content probe and a dynamic sensing mechanism, wherein the moisture content probe is arranged on a shell; the shell is detachably arranged on the mounting rack;
the dynamic sensing mechanism comprises an ultrasonic transmitter, an ultrasonic receiver and a lifting driving mechanism, and the ultrasonic transmitter is arranged at the top of the mounting rack;
the ultrasonic receiver comprises a first ultrasonic receiver and a second ultrasonic receiver, the first ultrasonic receiver is arranged on the shell, and the first ultrasonic receiver and the water content probe are positioned at the same height; the second ultrasonic receiver is arranged on the driving end of the lifting driving mechanism.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lifting driving mechanism includes a lifting driving motor and a lifting transmission assembly, the lifting driving motor is fixedly disposed at the upper end of the mounting frame; the lifting transmission assembly comprises a screw rod and a screw nut, the second ultrasonic receiver is arranged on the screw nut, and the screw nut forms a sliding block used for carrying the second ultrasonic receiver to move up and down.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mounting frame includes a vertical section and a horizontal section, the ultrasonic transmitter is disposed on the horizontal section, and the housing is disposed outside the vertical section.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first ultrasonic receiver and the moisture content probe are both disposed at an upper end of the housing, wherein the first ultrasonic receiver is disposed on a wall of an inner cavity of the housing, and the moisture content probe is located on an inner wall of the housing. Since the change in moisture content of the surface layer is the fastest, a moisture content probe is provided at the upper end for recording the moisture content versus speed.
An ultrasonic measurement method for soil moisture content comprises a method for establishing a moisture content comparison database and a method for measuring the soil moisture content in real time:
the method for establishing the water content comparison database comprises the following steps;
inserting a water content probe into the soil, humidifying the soil, and measuring the water content theta of the soil through the water content probe; sending an ultrasonic signal by an ultrasonic transmitter, and recording the time when a first ultrasonic receiver arranged on the shell receives the ultrasonic signal; calculating the propagation velocity V of the ultrasonic wave under the soil moisture content through a velocity model formula by combining the position parameters of the ultrasonic transmitter and the first ultrasonic receiverSoil for soil(ii) a Repeating the above operations for multiple times to obtain multiple different soil water contents theta and ultrasonic propagation velocity V under the soil water contentsSoil for soil(ii) a The obtained data are in one-to-one correspondence and recorded to a background, and a database is established;
the method for measuring the water content of the soil in real time comprises the following steps;
placing a measuring device over soil to be measured; moving the slide block provided with the second ultrasonic receiver to the uppermost position; starting the ultrasonic transmitter and the second ultrasonic receiver, and recording the time t from the signal sent by the ultrasonic transmitter to the signal received by the second ultrasonic receiver1(ii) a Turning off the ultrasonic transmitter and the second ultrasonic receiver, and combining the position parameters of the ultrasonic transmitter and the second ultrasonic receiver and t1Calculating the ultrasonic propagation velocity V of the position by a velocity model formula1(ii) a Looking up the background database to obtain the propagation velocity V of the ultrasonic wave1Recording the depth and the soil moisture content at the background according to the corresponding moisture content;
moving the slide block downwards by delta h; starting the ultrasonic transmitter and the second ultrasonic receiver, and recording the time t from the signal sent by the ultrasonic transmitter to the signal received by the second ultrasonic receiver2 record(ii) a Combining the position parameters of the ultrasonic transmitter and the second ultrasonic receiver, V1And a glide height delta h, and calculating the time t of the second ultrasonic receiver receiving the signal through a time model formula2 calculationAnd determine t2 calculationWhether it is equal to the recorded time t2 record；
When t is2 calculationIs equal to t2 recordThen, the slide block moves downwards for delta h, the ultrasonic transmitter and the second ultrasonic receiver are started simultaneously, and the time t from the signal sent by the ultrasonic transmitter to the signal received by the ultrasonic receiver of the slide block is recorded3 recordingAnd judging the calculated t3 calculation ofWhether it is equal to the recorded time t3 recording(ii) a Analogizing until and judging the calculated tn calculationNot equal to the time t obtained by recordingn recordsOr the slide block moves to the lowest part;
when t is2 calculationIs not equal to t2 recordWhen the soil moisture content is higher than the preset moisture content, the upper position is judged to be the bottom of the upper layer of soil moisture content, and the thickness of the upper layer of soil moisture content is h1(n-1) × Δ h, and the thickness and water content of the layer were recorded in the background; due to t2 calculationIs not equal to t2 recordRepresenting that the water content of the position changes, and determining the soil water content of the layer according to the ultrasonic propagation speed of the position;
calculation of V by a time model formula2Looking up the background database to obtain the propagation velocity V of the ultrasonic wave2Recording the depth and the soil moisture content at the background according to the corresponding moisture content;
continuously measuring according to the operation to obtain the water content of each layer of soil and the thickness h of the soil layer2＝(n-1)*Δh-h1Recording the corresponding data in the background;
the thickness and the water content of each layer of soil are collected through the background, and a change curve of the water content of the soil along the depth direction of the soil is constructed.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the velocity model formula is:
t＝tair conditioner+tIs unknown；
In the formula, VnIs the ultrasonic propagation velocity at that location; vAir conditionerIs ultrasonic wave in the airThe propagation velocity of (1); h isHanging deviceThe vertical distance between the ultrasonic transmitter and the first ultrasonic receiver or the second ultrasonic receiver; h isAir conditionerThe vertical distance between the ground and the ultrasonic transmitter; l is the horizontal distance between the ultrasonic transmitter and the first ultrasonic receiver or the second ultrasonic receiver; t is the time from the signal sent by the ultrasonic transmitter to the signal received by the first ultrasonic receiver or the second ultrasonic receiver; t is tAir conditionerTime of propagation of ultrasonic waves in air, tIs unknownThe ultrasonic propagation time in the layer of unknown water content is shown.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the time model formula is:
in the formula, Vm+1Is the ultrasonic propagation velocity, V, of the locationmThe ultrasonic propagation speed of the known soil water content layer; vAir conditionerThe propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the air; h isFirst stageThe vertical distance between the ultrasonic transmitter and the second ultrasonic receiver after moving to the top is defined; h isAir conditionerThe vertical distance between the ground and the ultrasonic transmitter; l is the horizontal distance between the ultrasonic transmitter and the second ultrasonic receiver; t is the time from the sending of the signal by the ultrasonic transmitter to the receiving of the signal by the second ultrasonic receiver; t is tAir conditionerTime of propagation of ultrasonic waves in air, tmThe propagation time of the ultrasonic wave of the layer with known soil water content, tm+1In order to obtain the ultrasonic propagation time of the layer with unknown water content, delta h is the unit downward moving distance of the slide block, n is the downward moving times of the slide block on the layer, and m is the layer number of the known soil water content.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the ultrasonic measurement method, the database is established firstly, actual measurement is carried out, the moisture content probe does not need to be directly contacted with the soil, the moisture content probe can be detached, the moisture content of the soil is indirectly obtained in a non-contact mode, the probe is prevented from being rusted and corroded, and a change curve of the moisture content of the soil along the depth direction of the soil can be obtained.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of an ultrasonic measuring device for soil moisture content according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of the soil moisture content ultrasonic measurement method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art understand the technical solutions of the present invention well, the following description of the present invention is provided with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 1, the ultrasonic measuring device for soil moisture content in the embodiment includes a moisture content probe 9 and a dynamic sensing mechanism, wherein the moisture content probe 9 is arranged on a housing 1; the shell 1 is detachably arranged on the mounting rack 2; the dynamic sensing mechanism comprises an ultrasonic transmitter 3, an ultrasonic receiver and a lifting driving mechanism, wherein the ultrasonic transmitter 3 is arranged at the top of the mounting rack 2; the ultrasonic receiver comprises a first ultrasonic receiver 4 and a second ultrasonic receiver 5, the first ultrasonic receiver 4 is arranged on the shell 1, and the first ultrasonic receiver 4 and the water content probe 9 are positioned at the same height; the second ultrasonic receiver 5 is disposed on the driving end of the elevation driving mechanism.
The lifting driving mechanism comprises a lifting driving motor 6 and a lifting transmission assembly, and the lifting driving motor 6 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the mounting rack 2; the lifting transmission assembly comprises a screw rod 7 and a screw rod nut 8, the second ultrasonic receiver 5 is arranged on the screw rod nut 8, and the screw rod nut 8 forms a sliding block used for carrying the second ultrasonic receiver 5 to move up and down.
The installation rack 2 comprises a vertical section and a horizontal section, the ultrasonic transmitter 3 is arranged on the horizontal section, and the shell 1 is arranged on the outer side of the vertical section.
Referring to fig. 1, the first ultrasonic receiver 4 and the moisture content probe 9 are both disposed at the upper end of the housing 1, wherein the first ultrasonic receiver 4 is disposed on the inner cavity wall of the housing 11, and the moisture content probe 9 is disposed on the inner wall of the housing 1. Since the change in moisture content of the surface layer is the fastest, a moisture content probe is provided at the upper end for recording the moisture content versus speed.
Referring to fig. 2, the method for measuring the soil moisture content by using ultrasonic waves in the present embodiment includes a method for establishing a moisture content comparison database and a method for measuring the soil moisture content in real time:
the method for establishing the water content comparison database comprises the following steps;
firstly, installing a water content probe 9 on a shell of the probe, installing the probe into soil to a certain depth to ensure that the water content probe 9 is positioned at a shallow position in the soil, humidifying the soil, and measuring the water content theta of the soil through the water content probe 9; obtaining the time from the signal sent by the ultrasonic transmitter 3 to the signal received by the first ultrasonic receiver 4, thereby obtaining the ultrasonic wave propagation speed V under the soil moisture contentSoil for soil. Wherein
Wherein: vSoil for soilThe ultrasonic propagation speed under the water content of the soil is obtained; vAir conditionerThe propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the air; h isPreparation ofIs the vertical distance between the ultrasonic transmitter 3 and the first ultrasonic receiver 4; h'Air conditionerThe vertical distance between the ground and the ultrasonic transmitter 3; lPreparation ofIs the horizontal distance of the ultrasonic transmitter 3 from the first ultrasonic receiver 4; t is tPreparation ofIs the time from the emission of the signal from the ultrasonic transmitter 3 to the reception of the signal by the first ultrasonic receiver 4.
The water content theta of the soil and the ultrasonic wave propagation speed V under the water content of the soilSoil for soilAnd corresponding to each other and recording the data to the background. Establishing a database, wherein the ultrasonic propagation speeds of different soils and different soil moisture contents areUnlike this, when the probe measures the moisture content of the soil for the first time or measures the moisture content of different soils, the preparation module must be started, and after the preparation module is finished, the moisture content probe 9 must be removed. And when measuring the same kind of soil the second time, need not start and prepare the module.
The method for measuring the water content of the soil in real time comprises the following steps;
determining the water content of the position by the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the soil, moving the slide block to the top, simultaneously starting the ultrasonic transmitter 3 and the second ultrasonic receiver 5, recording the time t from the signal sent by the ultrasonic transmitter 3 to the signal received by the second ultrasonic receiver 5, and closing the ultrasonic transmitter 3 and the second ultrasonic receiver 5, then:
t＝tair conditioner+tIs unknown； (2)
Wherein: v1Is the ultrasonic propagation velocity at that location; vAir conditionerThe propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the air; h isFirst stageThe vertical distance between the ultrasonic transmitter 3 and the slide block after moving to the top is set; h isAir conditionerThe vertical distance between the ground and the ultrasonic transmitter 3; l is the horizontal distance between the ultrasonic transmitter 3 and the ultrasonic receiver on the slide block; t is the time from the sending of the signal from the ultrasonic transmitter 3 to the reception of the signal by the ultrasonic receiver on the slider; t is tAir conditionerTime of propagation of ultrasonic waves in air, tIs unknownThe ultrasonic propagation time in the layer of unknown water content is shown.
Comparing the ultrasonic propagation speeds under different soil moisture contents in a background database to obtain the moisture content of the layer; and record the depth and soil moisture content in the background.
Then determining the thickness of the water content layer of the same soil, moving the sliding block downwards by delta h, simultaneously starting the ultrasonic transmitter 3 and the second ultrasonic receiver 5 to connect, recording the time t from the signal sent by the ultrasonic transmitter 3 to the signal received by the second ultrasonic receiver 5, and judging whether the following formula (4) is satisfied or not:
wherein: t is the time from the emission of the signal from the ultrasonic transmitter 3 to the reception of the signal by the second ultrasonic receiver 5, VAir conditionerThe propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the air; h isFirst stageThe vertical distance between the ultrasonic transmitter 3 and the slide block after moving to the top is set; h isAir conditionerThe vertical distance between the ground and the ultrasonic transmitter 3; l is the horizontal distance between the ultrasonic transmitter 3 and the ultrasonic receiver on the slide block, V1And the ultrasonic propagation speed of the first layer is delta h, the unit downward moving distance of the slide block is delta h, and n is the downward moving times of the slide block of the layer.
If the formula (4) is satisfied after the slider moves down by Δ h, then the slider continues to move down by Δ h, and simultaneously the ultrasonic transmitter 3 and the second ultrasonic receiver 5 are started to connect, the time t from the transmission of the signal from the ultrasonic transmitter 3 to the reception of the signal by the second ultrasonic receiver 5 is recorded, and whether the formula (4) is satisfied or not is determined. And the rest is repeated until the step (4) is not finished or the slide block moves to the lowest part.
When the formula (4) is not satisfied, the upper position is the bottom of the upper layer of soil moisture content, and the thickness of the upper layer of soil moisture content is h1The thickness and water content of the layer are recorded in the background, and since equation (4) does not hold, the water content changes at this position. Therefore, the soil moisture content of the layer needs to be determined by the ultrasonic propagation speed at this position. Therefore:
t＝tair conditioner+t1+tIs unknown； (5)
Wherein: v2Is the ultrasonic propagation velocity, V, of the location1Is the ultrasonic propagation velocity of the first layer; vAir conditionerThe propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the air; h isFirst stageThe vertical distance between the ultrasonic transmitter 3 and the slide block after moving to the top is set; h isAir conditionerThe vertical distance between the ground and the ultrasonic transmitter 3; l is the horizontal distance between the ultrasonic transmitter 3 and the ultrasonic receiver on the slide block; t is the time from the sending of the signal from the ultrasonic transmitter 3 to the reception of the signal by the ultrasonic receiver on the slider; t is tAir conditionerTime of propagation of ultrasonic waves in air, tIs unknownThe ultrasonic propagation time in the layer with unknown water content; and delta h is the unit downward moving distance of the slide block, and n is the downward moving times of the slide block on the layer.
Thus, V can be calculated2And then comparing with the data of the background to know the soil moisture content of the layer.
And then determining the thickness of the layer with the same water content of the soil, moving the sliding block downwards by delta h, simultaneously starting the ultrasonic transmitter 3 and the second ultrasonic receiver 5 to connect, recording the time t from the signal sent by the ultrasonic transmitter 3 to the signal received by the second ultrasonic receiver 5, and judging whether the formula (6) is established.
If the formula (6) is satisfied after the slider moves down by Δ h, then the slider continues to move down by Δ h, and simultaneously the ultrasonic transmitter 3 and the second ultrasonic receiver 5 are started to connect, the time t from the transmission of the signal from the ultrasonic transmitter 3 to the reception of the signal by the second ultrasonic receiver 5 is recorded, and whether the formula (6) is satisfied is judged. And the rest is repeated until the step (6) is not finished or the slide block moves to the lowest part.
When the formula (6) is not satisfied, the upper position is the bottom of the upper layer of soil moisture content, and the thickness of the upper layer of soil moisture content is h2＝(n-1)*Δh-h1Then, the thickness and the water content of the layer are recorded in the background, and since the formula (6) does not hold, the water content at this position changes.
By analogy, the general formula can be derived:
wherein: vm+1Is the ultrasonic propagation velocity, V, of the locationmThe ultrasonic propagation speed of the known soil water content layer; vAir conditionerThe propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the air; h isFirst stageThe vertical distance between the ultrasonic transmitter 3 and the slide block after moving to the top is set; h isAir conditionerThe vertical distance between the ground and the ultrasonic transmitter 3; l is the horizontal distance between the ultrasonic transmitter 3 and the ultrasonic receiver on the slide block; t is the time from the sending of the signal from the ultrasonic transmitter 3 to the reception of the signal by the ultrasonic receiver on the slider; t is tAir conditionerTime of propagation of ultrasonic waves in air, tmThe propagation time of the ultrasonic wave of the layer with known soil water content, tm+1In order to obtain the ultrasonic propagation time of the layer with unknown water content, delta h is the unit downward moving distance of the slide block, n is the downward moving times of the slide block on the layer, and m is the layer number of the known soil water content.
Thus, can be represented by V in equation (8)m+1The soil moisture content of the layer can be known, but the soil moisture content of the previous layer must be known and cannot be measured beyond the layer. Whether the formula (8) is established or not can be judged by descending the distance of the slide block deltah to determine the thickness of the water content layer of the same soil, and the thickness and the water content of the layer are recorded in the background.
The thickness and the water content of each layer are collected through the background, and because each layer is measured in sequence and is not crossed, the change curve of the water content of the soil along the depth direction of the soil can be obtained.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents and are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The ultrasonic measuring device for the soil moisture content is characterized by comprising a moisture content probe and a dynamic sensing mechanism, wherein the moisture content probe is arranged on a shell; the shell is detachably arranged on the mounting rack;
the dynamic sensing mechanism comprises an ultrasonic transmitter, an ultrasonic receiver and a lifting driving mechanism, and the ultrasonic transmitter is arranged at the top of the mounting rack;
the ultrasonic receiver comprises a first ultrasonic receiver and a second ultrasonic receiver, the first ultrasonic receiver is arranged on the shell, and the first ultrasonic receiver and the water content probe are positioned at the same height; the second ultrasonic receiver is arranged on the driving end of the lifting driving mechanism.
2. The ultrasonic soil moisture content measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the lifting driving mechanism comprises a lifting driving motor and a lifting transmission assembly, and the lifting driving motor is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the mounting rack; the lifting transmission assembly comprises a screw rod and a screw nut, the second ultrasonic receiver is arranged on the screw nut, and the screw nut forms a sliding block used for carrying the second ultrasonic receiver to move up and down.
3. The ultrasonic soil moisture content measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the mounting frame comprises a vertical section and a horizontal section, the ultrasonic transmitter is disposed on the horizontal section, and the housing is disposed outside the vertical section.
4. The ultrasonic soil moisture content measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the first ultrasonic receiver and the moisture content probe are both disposed at an upper end of the housing, wherein the first ultrasonic receiver is disposed on a wall of an inner cavity of the housing, and the moisture content probe is disposed on an inner wall of the housing.
5. The ultrasonic measurement method for the soil moisture content is characterized by comprising a method for establishing a moisture content comparison database and a method for measuring the soil moisture content in real time, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the method for establishing the water content comparison database comprises the following steps;
inserting a water content probe into the soil, humidifying the soil, and measuring the water content theta of the soil through the water content probe; sending an ultrasonic signal by an ultrasonic transmitter, and recording the time when a first ultrasonic receiver arranged on the shell receives the ultrasonic signal; calculating the propagation velocity V of the ultrasonic wave under the soil moisture content through a velocity model formula by combining the position parameters of the ultrasonic transmitter and the first ultrasonic receiverSoil for soil(ii) a Repeating the above operations for multiple times to obtain multiple different soil water contents theta and ultrasonic propagation velocity V under the soil water contentsSoil for soil(ii) a The obtained data are in one-to-one correspondence and recorded to a background, and a database is established;
the method for measuring the water content of the soil in real time comprises the following steps;
placing a measuring device over soil to be measured; moving the slide block provided with the second ultrasonic receiver to the uppermost position; starting the ultrasonic transmitter and the second ultrasonic receiver, and recording the time t from the signal sent by the ultrasonic transmitter to the signal received by the second ultrasonic receiver1(ii) a Turning off the ultrasonic transmitter and the second ultrasonic receiver, and combining the position parameters of the ultrasonic transmitter and the second ultrasonic receiver and t1Calculating the ultrasonic propagation velocity V of the position by a velocity model formula1(ii) a Looking up the background database to obtain the propagation velocity V of the ultrasonic wave1Recording the depth and the soil moisture content at the background according to the corresponding moisture content;
moving the slide block downwards by delta h; starting the ultrasonic transmitter and the second ultrasonic receiver, and recording the signal sent from the ultrasonic transmitter to the second ultrasonic receiverTime t of receiving signal2 record(ii) a Combining the position parameters of the ultrasonic transmitter and the second ultrasonic receiver, V1And a glide height delta h, and calculating the time t of the second ultrasonic receiver receiving the signal through a time model formula2 calculationAnd determine t2 calculationWhether it is equal to the recorded time t2 record；
When t is2 calculationIs equal to t2 recordThen, the slide block moves downwards for delta h, the ultrasonic transmitter and the second ultrasonic receiver are started simultaneously, and the time t from the signal sent by the ultrasonic transmitter to the signal received by the ultrasonic receiver of the slide block is recorded3 recordingAnd judging the calculated t3 calculation ofWhether it is equal to the recorded time t3 recording(ii) a Analogizing until and judging the calculated tn calculationNot equal to the time t obtained by recordingn recordsOr the slide block moves to the lowest part;
when t is2 calculationIs not equal to t2 recordWhen the soil moisture content is higher than the preset moisture content, the upper position is judged to be the bottom of the upper layer of soil moisture content, and the thickness of the upper layer of soil moisture content is h1(n-1) × Δ h, and the thickness and water content of the layer were recorded in the background; due to t2 calculationIs not equal to t2 recordRepresenting that the water content of the position changes, and determining the soil water content of the layer according to the ultrasonic propagation speed of the position;
calculation of V by a time model formula2Looking up the background database to obtain the propagation velocity V of the ultrasonic wave2Recording the depth and the soil moisture content at the background according to the corresponding moisture content;
continuously measuring according to the operation to obtain the water content of each layer of soil and the thickness h of the soil layer2＝(n-1)*Δh-h1Recording the corresponding data in the background;
the thickness and the water content of each layer of soil are collected through the background, and a change curve of the water content of the soil along the depth direction of the soil is constructed.
6. The ultrasonic soil moisture content measuring method according to claim 5, wherein the velocity model formula is:
t＝tair conditioner+tIs unknown；
In the formula, VnIs the ultrasonic propagation velocity at that location; vAir conditionerThe propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the air; h isHanging deviceThe vertical distance between the ultrasonic transmitter and the first ultrasonic receiver or the second ultrasonic receiver; h isAir conditionerThe vertical distance between the ground and the ultrasonic transmitter; l is the horizontal distance between the ultrasonic transmitter and the first ultrasonic receiver or the second ultrasonic receiver; t is the time from the signal sent by the ultrasonic transmitter to the signal received by the first ultrasonic receiver or the second ultrasonic receiver; t is tAir conditionerTime of propagation of ultrasonic waves in air, tIs unknownThe ultrasonic propagation time in the layer of unknown water content is shown.
7. The ultrasonic soil moisture content measuring method according to claim 5, wherein the time model formula is:
in the formula, Vm+1Is the ultrasonic propagation velocity, V, of the locationmThe ultrasonic propagation speed of the known soil water content layer; vAir conditionerThe propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the air; h isFirst stageFor moving the ultrasonic transmitter and the second ultrasonic receiverVertical distance to the top; h isAir conditionerThe vertical distance between the ground and the ultrasonic transmitter; l is the horizontal distance between the ultrasonic transmitter and the second ultrasonic receiver; t is the time from the sending of the signal by the ultrasonic transmitter to the receiving of the signal by the second ultrasonic receiver; t is tAir conditionerTime of propagation of ultrasonic waves in air, tmThe propagation time of the ultrasonic wave of the layer with known soil water content, tm+1In order to obtain the ultrasonic propagation time of the layer with unknown water content, delta h is the unit downward moving distance of the slide block, n is the downward moving times of the slide block on the layer, and m is the layer number of the known soil water content.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114414663A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-04-29 | 瀚云科技有限公司 | Soil measuring method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN114487354A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-13 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Deep soil moisture estimation method based on surface soil moisture information |
| CN115753997A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-07 | 广东工贸职业技术学院 | Soil moisture detection method, system and storage medium |
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| CN115753997A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-07 | 广东工贸职业技术学院 | Soil moisture detection method, system and storage medium |
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