CN113551989B - Portable double-view-field multi-scale three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement system - Google Patents
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
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- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/167—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge by projecting a pattern on the object
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
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- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
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Abstract
The invention discloses a portable, double-view-field, multi-scale three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement system, which comprises: compared with the existing 3D-DIC system with adjustable visual field and inconvenient operation, the system comprises a monochromatic lighting source, an integrated board, a 3D-DIC system with different fixed visual fields, a supporting structure, an image and data processing computer, the system covers a plurality of sets of 3D-DIC systems with different fixed visual fields, the visual fields with proper sizes can be selected from the two visual fields according to actual measurement requirements, and the position of a test system or a sample to be tested is adjusted, so that the surface of the piece to be tested is in an effective measurement area of the 3D-DIC subsystem with the proper visual field, the working distance and the visual field measured by each sub 3D-DIC system are fixed, debugging equipment is not needed, and the test system is compact in structure, easy to operate and convenient and fast to use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of experimental solid mechanics, and particularly relates to a portable, double-view-field and multi-scale Three-dimensional digital image correlation (3D-DIC) measuring system with fixed view field and working distance after imaging parameter calculation, which is applied to the morphology, displacement and strain measurement of materials, components and structures in the fields of scientific research, engineering and industry.
Background
Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is a non-contact full-field optical measurement technique for determining parameters such as displacement and deformation of an object under study according to the Correlation of speckles randomly distributed on the surface of the object before and after deformation. According to the three-dimensional digital image correlation method (3D-DIC) based on the binocular stereo vision principle, internal and external parameters of two cameras are obtained through camera calibration, and then three-dimensional displacement and strain distribution of the whole field are obtained by comparing changes of three-dimensional appearances of each point in a measurement area before and after a load is applied. The full-field strain distribution under the effective load can be effectively obtained in the structural morphology, the displacement and the strain measurement in the scientific research, engineering and industrial fields.
3D-DIC in actual measurement, the user must make adjustments to the camera's aperture, focus ring, camera pitch, camera angle, etc. so that both cameras have a common field of view that contains both regions of interest (ROI), which is time and labor intensive.
In conclusion, the double-view-field and multi-scale 3D-DIC measuring system with the double-view-field and multi-scale measuring function and capable of being used without adjustment undoubtedly has important scientific research and practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing 3D-DIC system for non-contact full-field deformation measurement, the invention provides a double-view-field and multi-scale 3D-DIC test system with two fixed view fields, two measurement resolutions and two working distances, and the specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a portable, dual field-of-view, multi-scale three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement system, comprising: a monochromatic illumination light source, an integrated board, two sets of three-dimensional digital image related measuring systems with fixed view fields, a supporting structure and a computer, wherein,
the monochromatic illumination light source is arranged on the supporting structure through a bracket, and the brightness of the monochromatic illumination light source can be adjusted through the light control module, so that the monochromatic illumination light source is used for actively illuminating the surface of the tested sample;
the integrated board is fixed on the connecting board and the shell through bolts and is electrically connected with the camera and the monochromatic lighting source; the integrated board comprises a hard trigger module, a light control module, a power supply module and a computer communication module, wherein,
the hard trigger module adjusts the square wave frequency through a control panel, so as to adjust the acquisition frame rates of all the cameras and realize hard synchronization of the cameras; the computer communication module transmits the acquisition information synchronized with the camera to the computer through an external signal interface; the power supply module supplies power to the monochromatic illumination light source, the camera and other modules through an external power supply interface;
the three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement system comprises two measurement units, wherein each measurement unit comprises a camera, a fixed-focus lens, an adapter plate and a narrow band-pass filter corresponding to the wavelength of the monochromatic illumination light source, is fixed on the support structure through the adapter plate and is used for shooting a tested sample with textures or artificial speckles on the surface and transmitting digital images of the surface of the tested sample under different loads to the computer; the positions of the cameras in the two measuring units are fixed and are symmetrically arranged;
the supporting structure comprises a connecting plate, a shell, a bracket and a front cover plate, wherein the connecting plate is connected with the integrated plate, the adapter plate and the monochromatic lighting source through bolts, the bracket is connected with the connecting plate and the front cover plate are connected with the shell through fasteners, and the connecting plate is connected with the shell through a fixed key groove; the shell is used for keeping the internal structure stable and is stably connected with a tripod; the supporting structure is used for mounting the integration plate and the adapter plate and is connected with a tripod;
and the computer is internally provided with three-dimensional digital image related measurement and analysis software for analyzing and processing images acquired by the camera and generating displacement and strain maps.
Furthermore, the two sets of three-dimensional digital image related measurement systems have different fields of view and working distances, two measurement units of the same set of three-dimensional digital image related measurement system are arranged in a bilateral symmetry manner, and the measurement units of the two sets of three-dimensional digital image related measurement systems are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the connecting plate.
Furthermore, the two sets of three-dimensional digital image related measurement systems have different fields of view and the same working distance, two measurement units of the same set of three-dimensional digital image related measurement system are arranged in bilateral symmetry, and the measurement units of the two sets of three-dimensional digital image related measurement systems are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the connecting plate.
Further, the bottom of the shell is provided with an interface matched with the tripod.
Further, the monochromatic illumination light source is a red light source, a green light source or a purple light source, the camera is a common camera or an ultraviolet camera, and a narrow band-pass filter corresponding to the wavelength of the monochromatic illumination light source is installed in front of the prime lens.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention has two kinds of fixed visual fields, can choose the appropriate visual field according to the experimental tested sample and purpose, because each kind of visual field has fixed working distance, do not need to adjust;
2, the invention integrates the camera synchronization, the light adjustment, the signal transmission and the like into a whole, and the space is compressed to the maximum extent on the premise of ensuring the precision, thereby being convenient to carry;
the invention can be customized according to the requirements of an experimental party, and can also determine the size of a view field according to the material level test standard and the section level test requirements;
4. the invention can simultaneously meet the general measurement of the whole field and the fine measurement of partial small field, namely the multi-scale measurement.
Drawings
In order to illustrate embodiments of the present invention or technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the drawings which are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, so that the features and advantages of the present invention can be understood more clearly by referring to the drawings, which are schematic and should not be construed as limiting the present invention in any way, and for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained on the basis of these drawings without any inventive effort. Wherein:
FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are schematic views of the external structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a single measurement unit of a three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a support structure according to the present invention;
FIGS. 5 and 6 are schematic views of the internal installation of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the internal electrical connections of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an actual experiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a calibration plate;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of two sets of three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement systems;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of fracture toughness test ROI;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of fracture toughness test loading.
In the figure:
1-monochromatic lighting source, 3-three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement system, 4-support structure, 5-computer, 21-hard trigger module, 22-light control module, 23-power supply module, 24-computer communication module, 25-power supply interface, 26-signal interface, 27-control panel, 31-camera, 32-fixed focus lens, 33-adapter plate, 34-narrow bandpass filter, 41-connecting plate, 42-shell, 43-bracket, 44-front cover plate, 50-test tool, 51-tensile testing machine, 52-tripod, 53-tested sample, 54-calibration plate.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Compared with the existing 3D-DIC system with adjustable view field and inconvenient operation, the invention covers a plurality of sets of 3D-DIC systems with different fixed view fields, and can select the view field with proper size from two or three view fields according to the actual measurement requirement, and adjust the position of the test system or the sample to be tested to ensure that the surface of the sample to be tested is in the effective measurement area of the 3D-DIC subsystem with proper view field. The working distance and the view field measured by each sub 3D-DIC system are fixed, the invention does not need debugging equipment, and the test system has compact structure, easy operation and convenient and fast use.
The invention can measure a single sample to be tested on the premise of determining the resolution of the camera, and two areas with different sizes are measured by adopting camera groups with different view fields; under the premise of determining the resolution of the cameras, the tested samples with different sizes can be measured in sequence, and a set of three-dimensional digital image related measurement system, namely two cameras, is selected each time.
As shown in fig. 1-7, a portable multi-field-of-view three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement system comprises: monochromatic illumination light source 1, integrated board, three-dimensional digital image correlation measuring system 3 with fixed view field, supporting structure 4 and computer 5, wherein,
the monochromatic illumination light source 1 is arranged on the supporting structure 4 through a bracket 43, and the brightness of the monochromatic illumination light source can be adjusted through the light control module 22, so that the monochromatic illumination light source is used for actively illuminating the surface of the sample to be tested;
the integrated board is fixed on the connecting board 41 and the shell 42 through bolts and is electrically connected with the camera 31 and the monochromatic lighting source 1; the integrated board comprises a hard trigger module 21, a light control module 22, a power supply module 23 and a computer communication module 24, wherein,
the hard trigger module 21 adjusts the square wave frequency through the control panel 27, so as to adjust the acquisition frame rates of all the cameras 31 and realize hard synchronization of the cameras 31; the computer communication module 24 transmits the synchronous acquisition information of the camera 31 to the computer 5 through the external signal interface 26; the power supply module 23 supplies power to the monochromatic illumination light source 1, the camera 31 and other modules simultaneously through the external power supply interface 25;
the three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement system 3 comprises two measurement units, wherein each measurement unit comprises a camera 31, a fixed-focus lens 32, an adapter plate 33 and a narrow band-pass filter 34 corresponding to the wavelength of the monochromatic illumination light source 1, is fixed on the support structure 4 through the adapter plate 33 and is used for shooting a tested sample with textures or artificial speckles on the surface and transmitting digital images of the surface of the tested sample under different loads to the computer 5; the cameras 31 in the two measurement units are fixed in position and are symmetrically arranged; since the moving camera requires every adjustment and it is difficult to ensure that the cameras 31 of the two measuring units are angularly coincident.
The supporting structure 4 comprises a connecting plate 41, a shell 42, a bracket 43 and a front cover plate 44, wherein the connecting plate 41 is connected with the integrated plate, the adapter plate 33 and the monochromatic lighting source 1 through bolts, the bracket 43 is connected with the connecting plate 41, the front cover plate 44 is connected with the shell 42 through fasteners, and the connecting plate 41 is connected with the shell 42 through a fixed key slot; the shell 42 is used for keeping the internal structure stable and is firmly connected with the tripod; the supporting structure 4 is used for installing the integration board and the adapter board 33 and is connected with the tripod 52;
the computer 5 is provided with three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement analysis software for analyzing and processing the images collected by the camera 31 and generating displacement and strain maps.
As shown in fig. 10, in some embodiments, there are two sets of three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement systems 3, the viewing fields and working distances of the two sets of three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement systems 3 are different, two measurement units of the same set of three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement system 3 are arranged in bilateral symmetry, and the measurement units of the two sets of three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement systems 3 are respectively installed on the upper and lower sides of the connecting plate 41. For example, the system of the invention comprising two sets of three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement systems 3 can be used for realizing measurement under different environments, and the test of a small test piece only needs a field range of 200mm multiplied by 200 mm; the test of the large structure like a section needs a field range of 1m multiplied by 1m, so that one set of fixed field of view in the two sets of three-dimensional digital image related measurement systems is 200mm multiplied by 200mm, the other set of fixed field of view is 1m multiplied by 1m, the fixed field of view is selected for use according to the corresponding test, and only one set of three-dimensional digital image related measurement system works each time.
In some embodiments, there are two sets of three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement systems 3, the two sets of three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement systems 3 have different fields of view but the same working distance, two measurement units of the same set of three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement system 3 are arranged in bilateral symmetry, and the measurement units of different sets of three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement systems 3 are installed at the upper and lower sides of the connection plate 41 at intervals.
As shown in fig. 8, in some embodiments, the bottom of housing 42 is provided with an interface that mates with tripod 52, allowing for quick installation of tripod 52 in the field.
In some embodiments, the monochromatic illumination light source 1 is a red light source, a green light source or a violet light source, the camera 31 is a common camera or an ultraviolet camera, and a narrow band-pass filter 34 with the same color is installed in front of the fixed-focus lens 32, and the system of the present invention can be used for mechanical measurement in a high-temperature environment;
the invention can select a proper view field according to the size of the actually measured object region of interest, thereby reducing the time for adjusting the system.
As shown in fig. 8-10, the present invention provides a portable multi-view three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement system with compact and flexible structure and convenient use, the camera 31 is a 200 ten thousand pixel CCD camera (GS 3-PGE-23S6M-C manufactured by FLIR corporation), the fixed focus lens 32 is a 50mm fixed focus lens (LM 50JC manufactured by kowa corporation), and the computer 5 includes an image viewer, DIC analysis and calculation software; and a plurality of sets of three-dimensional digital image related measurement systems work simultaneously, and strain fields are obtained through measurement.
The specific operation method comprises the following steps:
1) spraying speckles or fluorescent speckles on the surface of the sample 50 to be tested, and fixing the sample 53 to be tested on the test tool 50;
2) the system is arranged on a tripod 52, the power supply is switched on, and the control panel 27 is used for adjusting the synchronous trigger frame rate and the brightness of the monochromatic lighting source 1 according to the actual situation, so that the image gray scale is in a proper range;
3) determining a selected field of view: according to the size and the size of the sample 53 to be tested, the working distance adjusts the position of the tripod 52 or the sample 53 to be tested until speckles are clear and visible in the visual fields of the cameras of the three sets of three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement systems; the fields of view of the three sets of cameras are shown in FIG. 12;
3) connecting a computer 5;
4) calibrating the cameras of the two sets of three-dimensional digital image related measurement systems respectively or simultaneously, calibrating by using a dot matrix calibration plate 54, acquiring a plurality of images, and determining external parameters such as the relative position between the cameras of each set of three-dimensional digital image related measurement system and internal parameters such as the optical center position in the lens so as to facilitate subsequent calculation;
5) starting the test, loading the sample to be tested by using a tensile tester 51, as shown in fig. 12, acquiring images of the sample to be tested 53 synchronously by using a camera, acquiring 2 pictures each time by using the camera of each set of three-dimensional digital image related measurement system, and acquiring 3 × 2 × frame rate pictures each time; and storing the collected pictures in the computer 5;
6) the loading data of the tensile testing machine 51 and the image data collected by the three-dimensional digital image correlation measuring system with the selected fixed view field are transmitted to the computer 5, and the strain of the test piece is calculated. The strain calculation method is to select a picture before stretching as a reference image, and match a speckle pattern on the surface of the test piece by using a DIC (digital image computer) method so as to calculate the strain.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A portable, dual field of view, multi-scale three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement system, comprising: a monochromatic illumination light source (1), an integrated board, two sets of three-dimensional digital image related measurement systems (3) with fixed view fields, a supporting structure (4) and a computer (5), wherein,
the monochromatic illumination light source (1) is arranged on the supporting structure (4) through a bracket (43), and the brightness of the monochromatic illumination light source can be adjusted through the light control module (22) to be used for actively illuminating the surface of the sample to be tested;
the integrated board is fixed on the connecting board (41) and the shell (42) through bolts and is electrically connected with the camera (31) and the monochromatic lighting source (1); the integrated board comprises a hard trigger module (21), a light control module (22), a power supply module (23) and a computer communication module (24), wherein,
the hard trigger module (21) adjusts the square wave frequency through a control panel (27), further adjusts the acquisition frame rate of all the cameras (31), and realizes hard synchronization of the cameras (31); the computer communication module (24) transmits the synchronous acquisition information of the camera (31) to the computer (5) through an external signal interface (26); the power supply module (23) is used for simultaneously supplying power to the monochromatic lighting source (1), the camera (31) and other modules through an external power supply interface (25);
the three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement system (3) comprises two measurement units, each measurement unit comprises a camera (31), a fixed-focus lens (32), an adapter plate (33) and a narrow band-pass filter (34) corresponding to the wavelength of the monochromatic illumination light source (1), and the three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement system is fixed on the support structure (4) through the adapter plate (33) and used for shooting a tested sample with textures or artificial speckles on the surface and transmitting digital images of the surface of the tested sample under different loads to the computer (5); the cameras (31) in the two measuring units are fixed in position and are symmetrically arranged;
the viewing fields and the working distances of the two sets of three-dimensional digital image related measurement systems (3) are different;
the supporting structure (4) comprises a connecting plate (41), a shell (42), a bracket (43) and a front cover plate (44), wherein the connecting plate (41) is connected with the integration plate, the adapter plate (33) and the monochromatic lighting source (1) through bolts, the bracket (43) is connected with the connecting plate (41) and the front cover plate (44) is connected with the shell (42) through fasteners, and the connecting plate (41) is connected with the shell (42) through a fixed key slot; the shell (42) is used for keeping the internal structure stable and is fixedly connected with a tripod; the supporting structure (4) is used for mounting the integration board and the adapter board (33) and is connected with a tripod (52);
and the computer (5) is internally provided with three-dimensional digital image related measurement analysis software for analyzing and processing the images acquired by the camera (31) and generating displacement and strain maps.
2. The portable, dual-field-of-view, multi-scale three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement system according to claim 1, wherein two measurement units of the same set of three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement system (3) are arranged in bilateral symmetry, and the measurement units of the two sets of three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement system (3) are respectively installed at the upper and lower sides of the connection plate (41).
3. The portable, dual-field, multi-scale three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement system according to claim 1, wherein the fields of view of the two sets of three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement systems (3) are different and the working distances are the same, the two measurement units of the same set of three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement system (3) are arranged in bilateral symmetry, and the measurement units of the two sets of three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement systems (3) are respectively installed at the upper and lower sides of the connecting plate (41).
4. A portable, dual field of view, multi-scale three-dimensional digital image correlation measurement system according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the bottom of said housing (42) is provided with an interface to mate with said tripod (52).
5. A portable, dual field of view, multi-scale three-dimensional digital image correlation measuring system according to claim 1, characterized in that the monochromatic illumination source (1) is a red light source, a green light source or a violet light source, the camera (31) is a normal camera or an ultraviolet camera, and a narrow band pass filter (34) corresponding to the wavelength of the monochromatic illumination source (1) is installed in front of the fixed focus lens (32).
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CN107255454A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-10-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of multiple dimensioned multi-functional strain measurement system of superhigh temperature based on ultraviolet imagery DIC and measuring method |
CN110954008A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-04-03 | 上海交通大学 | Welding strain measurement system and method based on three-dimensional digital image correlation method |
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