CN113550759A - Cutter head assembly, tunnel driving equipment and tunnel driving construction method - Google Patents
Cutter head assembly, tunnel driving equipment and tunnel driving construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113550759A CN113550759A CN202110863907.0A CN202110863907A CN113550759A CN 113550759 A CN113550759 A CN 113550759A CN 202110863907 A CN202110863907 A CN 202110863907A CN 113550759 A CN113550759 A CN 113550759A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlormequat chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCl UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/11—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/106—Making by using boring or cutting machines with percussive tools, e.g. pick-hammers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/1066—Making by using boring or cutting machines with fluid jets
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cutter head assembly which comprises a cutter head capable of rotating in a fixed shaft mode, wherein a plurality of high-pressure jet spray head assemblies and a plurality of impact devices matched with a tunnel face are arranged on the front end face of the cutter head in a reciprocating mode along the radial direction of the cutter head, the high-pressure jet spray head assemblies are sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction and the radial direction of the cutter head, the impact devices are sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction and the radial direction of the cutter head, and the high-pressure jet spray head assemblies and the impact devices are linked with the cutter head. The cutterhead assembly has higher tunneling operation efficiency on rocks with higher hardness, and can correspondingly improve the overall tunneling efficiency and construction effect of tunneling equipment. The invention also discloses tunnel driving equipment using the cutterhead assembly and a tunnel driving construction method using the tunnel driving equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel driving corollary equipment, in particular to a cutter head assembly. The invention also relates to tunneling equipment applying the cutterhead assembly and a tunneling construction method adopting the tunneling equipment.
Background
In the field of tunnel construction, the shield machine (also a shield type tunnel boring machine) has the characteristics of high automation degree, labor saving, high construction speed, one-step tunneling, no influence of weather, controllable ground settlement during excavation, reduction of influence on ground buildings, no influence on water traffic during underwater excavation and the like when the shield machine is used for tunnel construction, and the shield machine is more economical and reasonable in construction under the conditions of longer tunnel line and larger buried depth. However, for excavation construction of hard rock and ultra-hard rock, the excavation speed of a TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine), which is an acronym of Tunnel Boring Machine, is still very slow, and particularly, the difficulty of breaking some hard rocks is very high, and the damage of cutters is serious, so that the construction cost and the energy consumption are huge.
When the shield machine or the TBM tunnels and breaks rocks through a conventional hob, the rock breaking is realized by overcoming the compressive strength limit of the rocks, so that the abrasion of the cutter is increased, the service life of the cutter is shortened, and meanwhile, the tunneling efficiency is slowed down. In the actual tunnelling in-process, because current TBM belongs to the broken rock of roll extrusion, the rock belongs to one and faces sky, trilateral pressurized state, need the cutter to carry out the forced breakage to the rock of three-dimensional pressurized state, therefore, in unfavorable geological construction, especially complicated hard rock, in the superhard rock stratum tunnel excavation, blade disc cutter wearing and tearing aggravation, need change one day when serious, cost and energy consumption are huge, and among the prior art, need artifical entering face to hoist and mount the change after the cutter wearing and tearing, seriously influence tunnel efficiency of construction and increase operation personnel's working strength, be unfavorable for the security of tunnel construction. More seriously, under the condition of the ultra-hard rock, the working efficiency of the conventional hob fracturing rock breaking is extremely low, so that the construction of the conventional TBM is slow after the conventional TBM meets the ultra-hard rock.
Therefore, how to improve the tunneling efficiency and the construction effect of the tunneling equipment, especially the tunneling efficiency of the cutterhead assembly on the rock mass with higher hardness, is an important technical problem to be solved by technical personnel in the field at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cutterhead assembly which is high in tunneling operation efficiency on rock masses with high hardness and capable of correspondingly improving the overall tunneling efficiency and construction effect of tunneling equipment. Another object of the present invention is to provide a tunneling apparatus to which the cutter head assembly is applied and a tunneling construction method using the tunneling apparatus.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a cutter head assembly which comprises a cutter head capable of rotating in a fixed shaft mode, wherein a plurality of high-pressure jet flow nozzle assemblies matched with a tunnel face and a plurality of impact devices are arranged on the front end face of the cutter head in a reciprocating mode along the radial direction of the cutter head, the high-pressure jet flow nozzle assemblies are sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction and the radial direction of the cutter head, the impact devices are sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction and the radial direction of the cutter head, and the high-pressure jet flow nozzle assemblies and the impact devices are linked with the cutter head.
Preferably, a plurality of hobbing cutters are arranged on the cutter disc, and the hobbing cutters are uniformly arranged along the radial direction and the circumferential direction of the cutter disc and are linked with the cutter disc.
Preferably, each high-pressure jet nozzle assembly and each impact device are alternately arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the front end surface of the cutter head.
Preferably, a plurality of spokes extending along the radial direction of the cutter head are arranged on the front end face of the cutter head, the spokes are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the front end face of the cutter head, positioning assemblies are movably arranged on the spokes, and at least one high-pressure jet nozzle assembly and/or at least one impact device are/is arranged on any one of the positioning assemblies.
Preferably, the cutter head is provided with a telescopic device capable of controlling the axial operation length of the high-pressure jet spray head assembly and the impact device along the cutter head.
Preferably, a steering device capable of controlling the operation angle of the high-pressure jet spray head assembly is arranged on the cutter head.
Preferably, the high-pressure jet spray head assembly is any one of a pure water spray head assembly, a back-mixed abrasive spray head assembly or a front-mixed abrasive spray head assembly.
Preferably, the percussion device is any one of a down-the-hole hammer or a rock drill.
The invention also provides tunneling equipment, which comprises a rack and a tunneling head positioned at the front end of the rack, wherein a cutter head assembly is arranged at the front end part of the tunneling head, and the cutter head assembly is the cutter head assembly as described in any one of the above.
The invention also provides a tunneling construction method, which adopts the tunneling equipment, and comprises the following steps:
initially positioning, namely arranging a tunneling head at a target station, enabling a cutter head assembly to be positioned at a corresponding position of a working face to be operated, and then adjusting the radial positions of the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly and the impact device along the front end surface of the cutter head assembly until the positions of the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly and the impact device are adjusted in place;
performing jet operation, namely starting the cutter head and the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly, so that the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly continuously outputs high-pressure jet while synchronously rotating along with the cutter head to implement jet impact on a target tunnel face until annular grooves which are concentrically arranged are formed at corresponding positions of the tunnel face;
impact operation, starting the impact device and keeping the fixed shaft of the cutter head to rotate, so that the impact device continuously impacts and crushes the operation surface between two adjacent annular grooves while synchronously rotating along with the cutter head, and a rock mass on the working surface between two adjacent annular grooves forms massive rock sample cracking;
position adjustment, namely readjusting the radial positions of the high-pressure jet spray head assembly completing the single jet operation and the impact device completing the single impact operation along the front end surface of the cutter head until the positions of each high-pressure jet spray head assembly and the impact device correspond to the next operation position on the tunnel face;
repeating impact, sequentially and circularly repeating the jet flow operation step, the impact operation step and the position adjustment step, ensuring that the newly formed annular groove and the operation surface between the two annular grooves are different from the annular groove formed last time and the operation surface between the two annular grooves at each time until the rock mass at the face of the current operation position is completely crushed by impact, and forming a new tunneling space after the rock mass is cracked and removed;
tunneling integrally, wherein a cutter head tunnels together with a tunneling head to occupy a new tunneling space formed after the implementation of the steps;
and (4) performing circulating operation, namely sequentially repeating the steps of initial positioning, jet flow operation, impact operation, position adjustment, impact repetition and integral tunneling until the integral tunneling operation of the tunnel is completed.
Compared with the prior art, in the working operation process of the cutter head assembly provided by the invention, after the cutter head assembly integrally moves to the corresponding position of the working face along with the tunneling equipment, the working positions of the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly and the impact device are adjusted along the radial direction of the front end surface of the cutter head assembly until the positions of each high-pressure jet nozzle assembly and the impact device correspond to the target position of the working face to be operated, then the cutter head is started to rotate to drive the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly and the impact device to synchronously link, simultaneously the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly continuously outputs high-pressure jet while synchronously rotating along with the cutter head so as to impact jet on the target face until an annular groove is formed at the corresponding position of the working face, then the impact device is started to continuously impact and crush the working face between two adjacent annular grooves while synchronously rotating along with the cutter head, the high-pressure jet flow nozzle assembly and the impact device are alternately operated repeatedly until the rock mass on the face corresponding to the current station is broken, cracked and removed to form a new tunneling space, the tunneling head is driven by tunneling equipment to be tunneled integrally to occupy the newly formed tunneling space to reach the next tunneling operation face, and then the operation process can be repeated until the operation of the current tunneling engineering is finished. The high-pressure jet flow nozzle assembly is arranged on the working face of the cutter head assembly, and the high-pressure jet flow nozzle assembly is arranged on the working face of the cutter head assembly.
According to the tunneling construction method provided by the invention, through the operation steps of initial positioning, jet flow operation, impact operation, position adjustment, repeated impact, integral tunneling, circulation operation and the like which are sequentially carried out, annular grooves which are concentrically arranged are formed on a tunnel face through a high-pressure jet flow nozzle assembly, then, a rock body positioned between two adjacent annular grooves is impacted and crushed through an impact device so as to form massive rock sample crack on the rock body, and therefore, the rock body with higher hardness is efficiently crushed, and the integral tunneling efficiency and the construction effect of the tunneling device are greatly improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a side view of a cutter head assembly according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a positioning assembly and a spoke arrangement of the cutter head assembly of FIG. 1 in a front view;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the high pressure jet spray head assembly and impingement device of FIG. 1 in cooperation with a rock face;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the high pressure jet spray head assembly and impingement device of FIG. 1 illustrating the operation traces on the face of a hand;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the high pressure jet spray head assembly of FIG. 1 in cooperation with a steering device;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a tunneling construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
11-a cutter head;
111-a high pressure jet spray head assembly;
112-an impact device;
12-spokes;
121-a positioning assembly;
13-a steering device;
21-palm surface;
211-ring-shaped trench.
Detailed Description
The core of the invention is to provide a cutterhead assembly, the cutterhead assembly has higher tunneling operation efficiency on rock masses with higher hardness, and the overall tunneling efficiency and the construction effect of tunneling equipment can be correspondingly improved; meanwhile, the tunneling equipment applying the cutter head assembly and the tunneling construction method adopting the tunneling equipment are provided.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, fig. 1 is a side view of a cutter head assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a positioning assembly and a spoke arrangement of the cutter head assembly of FIG. 1 in a front view; FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the high pressure jet spray head assembly and impingement device of FIG. 1 in cooperation with a rock face; fig. 4 is a schematic view of the high pressure jet spray head assembly and impingement device of fig. 1 illustrating the operation traces on the face of a hand.
In a specific embodiment, the cutter head assembly provided by the present invention includes a cutter head 11 capable of rotating in a fixed axis, a plurality of high pressure jet nozzle assemblies 111 and a plurality of impact devices 112 matched with a tunnel face 21 are arranged on a front end face of the cutter head 11 in a reciprocating manner along a radial direction of the cutter head, the high pressure jet nozzle assemblies 111 are sequentially arranged along a circumferential direction and a radial direction of the cutter head 11, the impact devices 112 are sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction and the radial direction of the cutter head 11, and the high pressure jet nozzle assemblies 111 and the impact devices 112 are linked with the cutter head 11.
In the working operation process, after the cutter head assembly integrally moves to the position corresponding to the working face 21 along with the tunneling equipment, the working positions of the high-pressure jet nozzle component 111 and the impact device 112 are adjusted along the radial direction of the front end surface of the cutter head assembly until the positions of each high-pressure jet nozzle component 111 and the impact device 112 correspond to the target position of the working face 21, then the cutter head 11 is started to rotate to drive the high-pressure jet nozzle component 111 and the impact device 112 to synchronously link, simultaneously the high-pressure jet nozzle component 111 continuously outputs high-pressure jet while synchronously rotating along with the cutter head 11 to impact the target face 21 until an annular groove 211 is formed at the position corresponding to the face 21, then the impact device 112 is started to continuously impact and crush the working face between two adjacent annular grooves 211 while synchronously rotating along with the cutter head 11, so that the rock mass of the tunnel face 21 between two adjacent annular grooves 211 forms massive rock sample spalling, then the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly 111 and the impact device 112 are adjusted and repositioned to correspond to the next operation position on the tunnel face 21, then the alternating operation of the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly 111 and the impact device 112 is repeated until the rock mass on the tunnel face 21 corresponding to the current station is fractured and spalled and removed to form a new tunneling space, then the tunneling head can be driven by tunneling equipment to perform integral tunneling to occupy the newly formed tunneling space to reach the next tunneling operation face, and then the operation process can be repeated until the whole tunneling engineering operation of the current tunnel is completed. In the operation process of the cutter head assembly, annular grooves 211 which are concentrically arranged are formed in the tunnel face 21 through the high-pressure jet flow nozzle assembly 111, and then the rock mass between two adjacent annular grooves 211 is impacted and crushed through the impact device 112 to enable the rock mass to form massive rock sample crack, so that the rock mass with high hardness is efficiently crushed, and the whole tunneling efficiency and the construction effect of the tunneling device are greatly improved.
It should be noted that, in a normal situation, radial position adjustment cannot be performed during synchronous rotation of each high-pressure jet nozzle assembly 111 along with the cutter head 11, so that the annular groove 211 formed after single high-pressure jet impact operation is generally a regular circle whose center is located on an axial extension line of the front end surface of the cutter head 11, and a region which is formed between two adjacent annular grooves 211 and is used for impact operation of the impact mechanism and formed after multiple high-pressure jet impact operations is also an annular operation surface with uniform width, so that the specification of a rock body which is cracked after impact operation of the impact mechanism can be properly ensured to be in a reasonably controllable range, and concentrated cleaning and discharge can be performed.
With respect to the actual operation trace of each of the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly 111 and the impact device 112 on the target tunnel face 21 as described above, reference is directly made to fig. 4, wherein the operation trace of the impact device 112 is shown as B in fig. 4, and it can be visually seen that the position indicated by B is located between two adjacent annular grooves 211, that is, the impact operation position of the impact device 112 is located in the area between any two adjacent annular grooves 211. In actual operation, the distance between two adjacent annular grooves 211 and the distance between two adjacent impact operation traces B are not limited to those shown in the drawings, and workers can flexibly adjust the distances according to specific working conditions, and in principle, the distance can be any distance as long as the distance can ensure efficient breaking of the rock mass of the tunnel face 21 and meet the actual operation requirements of the tunnel boring equipment.
Generally, only by the alternate and cooperative operation of the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly 111 and the impact device 112, the rock mass crushing and tunneling requirements under most working conditions can be met, but under the condition that some operation specification requirements are special, a plurality of conventional hobs can be arranged on a disc, and in order to further ensure the regular and integral tunneling effects of an operation surface, the hobs can be uniformly arranged along the radial direction and the circumferential direction of the front end surface of the cutter disc 11, so that after the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly 111 and the impact device 112 alternately operate to form rock mass rock sample cracks, the cutter disc 11 is used for driving the hobs to perform conventional tunneling on the tunnel face 21, the final operation surface tunneling effect is further optimized, and the integral tunneling efficiency of equipment is ensured.
Further, the high-pressure jet nozzle assemblies 111 and the impingement devices 112 are alternately arranged at intervals in the radial direction of the front end surface of the cutter head 11. The matching structure arranged alternately at intervals can ensure that each impact device 112 is just positioned in the area between two annular grooves 211 formed by corresponding impact of two adjacent high-pressure jet nozzle assemblies 111, so that the impact devices 112 can impact and crush the tunnel face 21 without large-amplitude position adjustment, the actual operation amount of equipment is effectively reduced, and the operation efficiency and the whole tunneling efficiency of the equipment are improved.
More specifically, a plurality of spokes 12 extending along the radial direction of the cutter head 11 are arranged on the front end surface of the cutter head 11, each spoke 12 is uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the front end surface of the cutter head 11, positioning assemblies 121 are movably arranged on the spokes 12, and at least one high-pressure jet spray head assembly 111 and/or at least one impact device 112 are arranged on any positioning assembly 121. The positioning assembly 121 moves properly along the spokes 12, so that the radial position adjustment of the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly 111 and the impact device 112 along the front end surface of the cutter head 11 can be efficiently completed, and the interference and adverse effects on the conventional structures and functions of the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly 111 and the impact device 112 caused by directly assembling the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly 111 and the impact device 112 on the spokes 12 are avoided.
More specifically, in consideration of the accuracy and flexibility of the position adjustment of the single assembly in practical use, it is preferable to provide one high-pressure jet head assembly 111 or one impact device 112 on the single positioning assembly 121, thereby achieving the precise adjustment of the positions of the single high-pressure jet head assembly 111 and the single impact device 112; if the actual assembly and operation costs of the equipment are emphasized, any number of high-pressure jet nozzle assemblies 111 or any number of impact devices 112 may be arranged on the same positioning assembly 121, or even any number of high-pressure jet nozzle assemblies 111 and any number of impact devices 112 may be arranged on a single positioning assembly 121, according to the actual working condition, so as to achieve synchronous adjustment and positioning of the plurality of high-pressure jet nozzle assemblies 111 and the impact devices 112.
Accordingly, the position of the single positioning assembly 121 where the high pressure jet nozzle assembly 111 and/or the impingement device 112 can be disposed can be referred to as a position marked as a in fig. 2, and of course, the position a is only used for marking a general assembly position, and a worker can flexibly adjust the position according to the actual assembly space on the positioning assembly 121 in a specific installation application. In principle, any material can be used as long as it can meet the practical application requirements of the tunneling equipment.
On the other hand, the cutter head 11 is provided with a telescopic device capable of controlling the working length of the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly 111 and the impact device 112 in the axial direction of the cutter head 11. Under the non-working state, the telescopic device can drive each high-pressure jet flow nozzle assembly 111 and the impact device 112 to retract into the cutter head 11, so that the high-pressure jet flow nozzle assembly 111 and the impact device 112 are prevented from protruding out of the front end face of the cutter head 11 to block the whole movement and position adjustment of the tunneling head or generate non-working damage to each high-pressure jet flow nozzle assembly 111 and the impact device 112; when impact operation is required to be performed, the telescopic device drives each high-pressure jet nozzle assembly 111 and the impact device 112 to extend out, so that the operation ends of the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly 111 and the impact device 112 protrude out of the front end surface of the cutter head 11, so that the operation ends of each high-pressure jet nozzle assembly 111 and the impact device 112 are closer to the operation position of the tunnel face 21, so as to perform relevant impact crushing operation, and after the operation is finished, the telescopic device can drive each high-pressure jet nozzle assembly 111 and the impact device 112 to retract into the cutter head 11 again, so as to perform subsequent position adjustment and other actions.
In addition, reference may be made to fig. 5 with more emphasis on fig. 5 being a schematic illustration of the cooperation of high pressure jet spray head assembly 111 and diverter device 13 of fig. 1. The cutter head 11 is provided with a steering device 13 capable of controlling the working angle of the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly 111. The steering device 13 can flexibly adjust the included angle between the jet direction of the operation end of the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly 111 and the axial direction of the cutter head 11, so that the current tunnel face 21 expanding excavation amount and the current cutter head 11 operation expanding excavation diameter can be accurately controlled, the flatness of the inner wall of the tunnel after tunneling construction can be further improved, the subsequent construction can be smoothly carried out, the construction difficulty of subsequent related operation is reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved.
It should be noted that the angle α shown in fig. 5 is only used for indicating the angle adjustment range of the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly 111, and there is no specific parameter limitation, so that the operator can flexibly select the specific value of the angle α according to the actual working condition, and in principle, the angle α can be any value that can meet the actual working requirement of the cutter head assembly.
In addition, the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly 111 may be any one or more of a pure water nozzle assembly, a post-mix abrasive nozzle assembly, or a pre-mix abrasive nozzle assembly. In fact, the specific type of the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly 111 can be flexibly selected by the staff according to the actual working condition and the construction cost, and in principle, the specific type can be any type as long as the specific type can meet the overall working operation requirements of the cutter head assembly and the tunneling equipment.
Similarly, the impact device 112 may be any one of a down-the-hole hammer or a rock drill, and in practical applications, a worker may also flexibly select a specific type of the impact device 112 according to actual working conditions and by comprehensively considering factors such as construction cost and rock mass texture, and in principle, the specific type may be any type that can meet the overall working operation requirements of the cutterhead assembly and the tunneling equipment.
In a particular embodiment, the invention provides a tunneling apparatus comprising a frame and a tunneling head at a front end of the frame, the front end of the tunneling head being provided with a cutterhead assembly, the cutterhead assembly being as described above. The tunneling equipment has the advantages of high overall tunneling operation efficiency and good construction effect.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a flowchart of a tunneling construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In a specific embodiment, the tunneling construction method provided in one embodiment of the present invention employs the tunneling apparatus described above, and includes:
arranging the tunneling head at a target station, enabling the cutter head assembly to be located at a position corresponding to the working face 21, and then adjusting the radial positions of the high-pressure jet nozzle assemblies 111 and the impact device 112 along the front end face of the cutter head assembly until the positions of the high-pressure jet nozzle assemblies 111 and the impact device 112 are adjusted in place.
and starting the cutter head 11 and the high-pressure jet flow nozzle assembly 111, so that the high-pressure jet flow nozzle assembly 111 continuously outputs high-pressure jet flow while synchronously rotating along with the cutter head 11 to implement jet flow impact on the target tunnel face 21 until annular grooves 211 which are concentrically arranged are formed at positions corresponding to the tunnel face 21.
and starting the impact device 112 and keeping the fixed-axis rotation of the cutter head 11, so that the impact device 112 continuously impacts and crushes the working surface between two adjacent annular grooves 211 while synchronously rotating along with the cutter head 11, and the rock mass of the tunnel face 21 between two adjacent annular grooves 211 forms massive rock sample cracking.
the radial positions of the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly 111 completing the single jet operation and the impact device 112 completing the single impact operation along the front end surface of the cutter head 11 are readjusted until the positions of each high-pressure jet nozzle assembly 111 and the impact device 112 correspond to the next operation position on the tunnel face 21.
and sequentially and circularly repeating the jet flow operation step, the impact operation step and the position adjustment step, ensuring that the newly formed annular groove 211 and the operation surface between the two annular grooves 211 are different from the operation surface between the last formed annular groove 211 and the two annular grooves 211 each time until the rock mass at the tunnel face 21 at the current operation position is completely impacted and crushed, and forming a new tunneling space after cracking and removing.
the cutterhead 11 is driven with the driving head to occupy the new driving space formed after the previous steps are carried out.
and (4) sequentially repeating the step 101 of initial positioning, the step 102 of jet flow operation, the step 103 of impact operation, the step 104 of position adjustment, the step 105 of repeated impact and the step 106 of integral tunneling until the integral tunneling operation of the tunnel is finished.
In summary, in the working operation process of the cutterhead assembly provided by the invention, after the cutterhead assembly integrally moves to the position corresponding to the working face along with the tunneling equipment, the working positions of the high-pressure jet nozzle components and the impact device are adjusted along the radial direction of the front end surface of the cutterhead assembly until the positions of the high-pressure jet nozzle components and the impact device correspond to the target position of the working face to be operated, then the cutterhead is started to rotate so as to drive the high-pressure jet nozzle components and the impact device to synchronously link, meanwhile, the high-pressure jet nozzle components continuously output high-pressure jet while synchronously rotating along with the cutterhead so as to impact jet on the target face until annular grooves are formed at the position corresponding to the working face, then the impact device is started so as to continuously impact and crush the working face between two adjacent annular grooves while synchronously rotating along with the cutterhead, the high-pressure jet flow nozzle assembly and the impact device are alternately operated repeatedly until the rock mass on the face corresponding to the current station is broken, cracked and removed to form a new tunneling space, the tunneling head is driven by tunneling equipment to be tunneled integrally to occupy the newly formed tunneling space to reach the next tunneling operation face, and then the operation process can be repeated until the operation of the current tunneling engineering is finished. The high-pressure jet flow nozzle assembly is arranged on the working face of the cutter head assembly, and the high-pressure jet flow nozzle assembly is arranged on the working face of the cutter head assembly.
In addition, the tunneling equipment applying the cutterhead assembly provided by the invention has better integral crushing effect on rock mass and higher tunneling efficiency.
In addition, the tunneling construction method adopting the tunneling equipment provided by the invention has better construction efficiency and construction effect.
The cutter head assembly, the tunneling device using the cutter head assembly and the tunneling construction method using the tunneling device provided by the invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a cutter head assembly, its characterized in that, is including but dead axle pivoted cutter head, be provided with on the preceding terminal surface of cutter head along its radial reciprocating motion with a plurality of high-pressure jet nozzle subassembly and a plurality of impact device of face complex, each high-pressure jet nozzle subassembly is followed the circumference and the radial order of cutter head are arranged, each impact device is followed the circumference and the radial order of cutter head are arranged, just high-pressure jet nozzle subassembly reaches impact device all with the cutter head linkage.
2. The cutter head assembly of claim 1 wherein said cutter head is provided with a plurality of roller cutters, said roller cutters being arranged uniformly in a radial and circumferential direction along a front face of said cutter head and being in communication with said cutter head.
3. The impeller assembly of claim 1 wherein each of said high pressure jet spray head assemblies is alternately spaced from each of said impingement devices in a radial direction of a front face of said impeller.
4. The cutter head assembly of claim 1 wherein said front face of said cutter head is provided with a plurality of spokes extending radially therefrom, said spokes being uniformly arranged circumferentially about said front face of said cutter head, said spokes being movably provided with positioning members, each of said positioning members being provided with at least one of said high pressure jet nozzle assemblies and/or at least one of said impingement devices.
5. A cutter head assembly according to claim 1 wherein said cutter head is provided with a telescopic means for controlling the operative length of said high pressure jet spray head assembly and said impingement means in the axial direction of said cutter head.
6. A cutter head assembly according to claim 5 wherein said cutter head is provided with steering means for controlling the angle of operation of said high pressure jet spray head assembly.
7. The cutter head assembly of claim 1 wherein said high pressure jet spray head component is any one of a pure water spray head component, a back-mixed abrasive spray head component or a front-mixed abrasive spray head component.
8. A cutterhead assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein the impact device is any one of a down-the-hole hammer or rock drill.
9. A tunneling apparatus comprising a frame and a tunneling head located at a front end of the frame, the front end of the tunneling head being provided with a cutter head assembly, wherein the cutter head assembly is as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A tunneling construction method using the tunneling apparatus according to claim 9, characterized by comprising the steps of:
initially positioning, namely arranging a tunneling head at a target station, enabling a cutter head assembly to be positioned at a corresponding position of a working face to be operated, and then adjusting the radial positions of the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly and the impact device along the front end surface of the cutter head assembly until the positions of the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly and the impact device are adjusted in place;
performing jet operation, namely starting the cutter head and the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly, so that the high-pressure jet nozzle assembly continuously outputs high-pressure jet while synchronously rotating along with the cutter head to implement jet impact on a target tunnel face until annular grooves which are concentrically arranged are formed at corresponding positions of the tunnel face;
impact operation, starting the impact device and keeping the fixed shaft of the cutter head to rotate, so that the impact device continuously impacts and crushes the operation surface between two adjacent annular grooves while synchronously rotating along with the cutter head, and a rock mass on the working surface between two adjacent annular grooves forms massive rock sample cracking;
position adjustment, namely readjusting the radial positions of the high-pressure jet spray head assembly completing the single jet operation and the impact device completing the single impact operation along the front end surface of the cutter head until the positions of each high-pressure jet spray head assembly and the impact device correspond to the next operation position on the tunnel face;
repeating impact, sequentially and circularly repeating the jet flow operation step, the impact operation step and the position adjustment step, ensuring that the newly formed annular groove and the operation surface between the two annular grooves are different from the annular groove formed last time and the operation surface between the two annular grooves at each time until the rock mass at the face of the current operation position is completely crushed by impact, and forming a new tunneling space after the rock mass is cracked and removed;
tunneling integrally, wherein a cutter head tunnels together with a tunneling head to occupy a new tunneling space formed after the implementation of the steps;
and (4) performing circulating operation, namely sequentially repeating the steps of initial positioning, jet flow operation, impact operation, position adjustment, impact repetition and integral tunneling until the integral tunneling operation of the tunnel is completed.
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| CN202110863907.0A CN113550759A (en) | 2021-07-29 | 2021-07-29 | Cutter head assembly, tunnel driving equipment and tunnel driving construction method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114810117A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-07-29 | 中南大学 | Hard rock TBM based on hole array induced cracking modification, cutter head and tunneling method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114810117A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-07-29 | 中南大学 | Hard rock TBM based on hole array induced cracking modification, cutter head and tunneling method thereof |
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