CN113550751A - Method for recovering near-surface caving ore body - Google Patents
Method for recovering near-surface caving ore body Download PDFInfo
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- CN113550751A CN113550751A CN202110840824.XA CN202110840824A CN113550751A CN 113550751 A CN113550751 A CN 113550751A CN 202110840824 A CN202110840824 A CN 202110840824A CN 113550751 A CN113550751 A CN 113550751A
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- caving
- ore body
- grouting
- ore
- seamless steel
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 210000000746 body region Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for recovering an ore body caving from the near surface, which comprises the steps of firstly, exploring occurrence conditions of the ore body caving, then, constructing a row of follow pipe drill holes along the artery connecting lane from one side of the ore body caving by adopting a follow pipe drilling machine in a direction perpendicular to the ore body, and installing a seamless steel pipe with a round hole in each drill hole. And grouting the caving ore body region through a seamless steel pipe by adopting a single-liquid grouting pump, forming a layer of grouting cementing body in the upper region and the lower region of the seamless steel pipe, and forming a route isolation layer in the whole caving ore body range below the grouting cementing body in a downward layered route filling method mode from a vein-along connecting roadway perpendicular to the ore body trend. And then under the protection of the overlying grouting cementing body and the access isolation layer, recovering the ore body from the lower caving and filling the empty area. The invention has the advantages of simple process and principle, low cost, high recovery rate, safety, good reliability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground metal mine mining, in particular to a method for recovering near-surface caving ore bodies.
Background
The underground mining difficulty of the near-surface ore body is small, the effect is quick, the near-surface ore body is easy to steal, and the ore rock is easy to collapse to the surface due to disordered and non-filling mining in the early stage of mining, so that a large amount of ore (body) left in the inner part and the lower part of the ore body cannot be recovered, and generally, the grade and the value of the part of the ore body are higher, and the amount of the ore body is larger. The ground surface is continuously collapsed due to the trade recovery, the environment is irreversibly influenced, and meanwhile, a large amount of waste rocks and a fourth system are doped in the discharged ore, so that the dilution rate of the discharged ore is high. The conventional mode for recovering the part of ore is two modes, namely pre-grouting secondary recovery and surface filling underground recovery, wherein when the caving area is too large, the required slurry amount is too large, and the problems of slurry leakage and slurry leakage cannot be effectively avoided; the latter risks depletion losses and this solution cannot be implemented when there are fixed buildings in the vicinity. In addition, methods such as in-situ leaching have problems of high cost, low success rate, low recovery efficiency, and the like.
In view of the defects of the methods, a method with wide application range, simple process and low cost is needed, and the problems of high cost, poor dilution rate control, low reliability and the like in the process of recovering the near-surface caving ore body are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for recovering a near-surface caving ore body, which comprises the following steps:
and 7, immediately filling the empty area after the ores to be collapsed are completely discharged.
Preferably, the pipe following drilling distance is 50-100 cm, the thickness of the seamless steel pipes is 3-6 mm, the diameter of the seamless steel pipes is 90-126 mm, each seamless steel pipe is 1.0-1.5 m long, the seamless steel pipes are connected through threads, and the connection length is not less than 100 mm.
Preferably, the circular holes reserved for grouting on the seamless steel pipes are arranged in a quincunx shape, and the aperture is 3-5 mm.
Preferably, during grouting in the step 3, the grouting slurry is made of 42.5 cement, and the water-cement ratio is 0.6: 1-1: 1, the grouting pressure is 0.6-2.0 Mpa, and the diffusion range of single-hole grouting is not less than half of the distance between two holes.
Further, when the approach isolation layer is formed in the step 5, a wood board matched with a steel bracket is adopted for supporting in the downward approach, after the approach is formed, film laying and rib laying are carried out, then two ends of the approach are sealed, and then C30 high-grade concrete or high-strength filling slurry is adopted for filling.
Furthermore, the number of the access layers of the access isolation layer is determined by adopting a theoretical calculation and numerical simulation method, and is generally 2-4.
Preferably, when the reinforcement is paved in the downward access way, the reinforcement is adopted
And the length of the reinforcing steel bars is reserved at two sides of the transverse bar by 20cm, and the transverse bar is made into a hook which is connected with the reinforcing steel bars of adjacent routes.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art and the method, the method for recovering the near-surface caving ore body provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. simple process and principle
According to the principle of the beam, a steel pipe and rock-soil mixture nearby the steel pipe are formed into a composite beam by adopting a mode of drilling along with the pipe and matching grouting; and then under the protection of the beam, a downward access construction method is adopted, and a high-strength filling body is matched to form the strong-support simply supported beam, so that the process and the principle are simple.
2. Low cost and high recovery rate
Through the segmentation implementation isolation project, high-grade ore is retrieved in segments, has guaranteed the safety of recovery process promptly, has reduced whole construction cost again, compares in directly adopting the access way method to build, and the security is higher, compares in directly forming the isolation layer at the earth's surface, and the cost is lower, and the rate of recovery is higher.
3. High safety and good reliability
The method forms a double-layer safety isolation layer by establishing a pipe following isolation layer and an access isolation layer, ensures the safe recovery of ore bodies in the lower caving region, and is reliable and new.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a method for recovering near-surface caving ore body provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view III-III of FIG. 1;
in the figure: 1-connecting lane along vein; 2-exploration drilling; 3-a loose mass; 4-grouting a cementing body; 5-connecting lane of thoroughfare; 6-a route isolation layer; 7-caving ore body; 8-collapse zone boundary; 9-downward route; 10-seamless steel tube; 11-virgin rock.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the method for recovering near-surface caving ore body provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
and 2, constructing a row of pipe following drill holes in the connecting roadway 1 along the vein on one side of the self-caving roof ore body 7 by adopting a pipe following drilling machine to be vertical to the direction of the ore body, wherein the distance between the pipe following drill holes is 50-100 cm. The pipe-following drilling needs to exceed the caving area and is constructed into the stable original rock 11 on the other side of the caving area, the specific length of the pipe-following drilling is determined according to mechanical calculation, the seamless steel pipes 10 are synchronously installed in the whole length of the drilling along with the drilling of the pipe-following drilling, the thickness of each seamless steel pipe 10 is 3-6 mm, the diameter of each seamless steel pipe 10 is 90-126 mm, each seamless steel pipe 10 is 1.0-1.5 m long, the seamless steel pipes 10 are connected through threads, and the connection length is not less than 100 mm. A circular hole for grouting is reserved in the seamless steel tube 10, the circular hole is arranged in a quincunx shape, and the aperture is 3-5 mm.
And 3, adopting a single-liquid grouting pump to perform grouting on the area of the caving ore body 7 through the seamless steel pipe 10, and forming a layer of grouting cement 4 on the upper area and the lower area of the seamless steel pipe 10. The grouting slurry is prepared from 42.5 cement, and the water-cement ratio is 0.6: 1-1: 1, the grouting pressure is 0.6-2.0 Mpa, and the diffusion range of single-hole grouting is not less than half of the distance between two holes.
and 5, forming a route isolation layer 6 in the range of the whole caving ore body 7 in a downward layered route filling method mode from the artery-following connecting roadway 1 perpendicular to the direction of the ore body, wherein the distance between the top of the route isolation layer 6 and the seamless steel pipe is 1050-100 cm. The number of the access layers of the access isolation layer 6 is determined by adopting a theoretical calculation and numerical simulation method, and is generally 2-4. When the route isolation layer 6 is formed, the downward route 9 is supported by a wood plate matched with a steel bracket, the film and the reinforcing steel bars are paved after the route is formed, and when the reinforcing steel bars are paved, the reinforcing steel bars are adopted
The reinforcing steel bars, the length of which is 20cm reserved on the two sides of the transverse bar, are made into hooks to be connected with the reinforcing steel bars of adjacent approaches, then the two ends of the approach are sealed, and C30 high-grade concrete or high-strength filling slurry is adopted for fillingAnd (6) filling.
and 7, immediately filling the empty area after the ores to be collapsed are completely discharged.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The method for recovering the near-surface caving ore body is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, constructing a vein-following connection roadway in upper and lower plate rock masses of a caving ore body along the trend, constructing a vein-following connection roadway perpendicular to the trend of the ore body at a certain interval from the vein-following connection roadway, and exploring the caving range of the caving ore body, the relative position relation of the caving range and the ground surface and the surrounding stope, and the ore block size distribution condition in a caving area by combining the mining data of the ore body in the early period through exploration drilling, roadway engineering and geophysical prospecting methods;
step 2, in a vein-following connection roadway on one side of the self-caving ore body, a pipe-following drilling machine is adopted to construct a row of pipe-following drill holes in a direction perpendicular to the ore body, the pipe-following drill holes need to exceed a caving area and are constructed into stable original rock on the other side of the caving area, the specific length of the pipe-following drill holes is determined according to mechanical calculation, the seamless steel pipes are synchronously installed in the whole length of the drill holes along with the drilling of the pipe-following drill holes, and circular holes for grouting are reserved on the seamless steel pipes;
step 3, adopting a single-liquid grouting pump to perform grouting on the caving ore body region through the seamless steel pipe, and forming a layer of grouting cementing body in the upper region and the lower region of the seamless steel pipe;
step 4, after the maintenance design period of the grouting cementing body, sampling the grouting cementing body by a drilling machine in a vein-following connection roadway, detecting mechanical parameters, and performing the next operation after the design index is reached;
step 5, forming a route isolation layer in the whole caving ore body range in a downward layered route filling method mode from the artery-following connecting roadway perpendicular to the direction of the ore body, wherein the distance between the top of the route isolation layer and the seamless steel pipe is 50-100 cm;
step 6, under the protection of the upper grouting cementing body and the access isolation layer, recovering the lower collapse ore body, constructing corresponding ore drawing engineering at the ore drawing level, discharging the collapse ore below the access isolation layer, and determining the height of the single recovered ore according to the size of a collapse area in the ore drawing process to prevent secondary collapse caused by overlarge exposed area in the ore drawing process;
and 7, immediately filling the empty area after the ores to be collapsed are completely discharged.
2. The method for recovering the near-surface caving ore body according to claim 1, wherein: the pipe following drilling distance is 50-100 cm, the thickness of the seamless steel pipes is 3-6 mm, the diameter of the seamless steel pipes is 90-126 mm, the length of each seamless steel pipe is 1.0-1.5 m, the seamless steel pipes are connected through threads, and the connection length is not less than 100 mm.
3. The method for recovering the near-surface caving ore body according to claim 1, wherein: the circular holes reserved for grouting on the seamless steel pipes are arranged in a quincunx shape, and the hole diameter is 3-5 mm.
4. The method for recovering the near-surface caving ore body according to claim 1, wherein: during grouting in the step 3, the grouting slurry is made of 42.5 cement, and the water cement ratio is 0.6: 1-1: 1, the grouting pressure is 0.6-2.0 Mpa, and the diffusion range of single-hole grouting is not less than half of the distance between two holes.
5. The method for recovering the near-surface caving ore body according to claim 1, wherein: and (5) when the approach isolation layer is formed in the step (5), supporting the downward approach by adopting a wood board matched with a steel bracket, laying a film and a rib after the approach is formed, then sealing two ends of the approach, and then filling by adopting C30 high-grade concrete or high-strength filling slurry.
6. The method for recovering the near-surface caving ore body according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the access layers of the access isolation layer is determined by adopting a theoretical calculation and numerical simulation method, and is generally 2-4.
7. The method for recovering near-surface caving ore body according to claim 5, wherein: when the reinforcing steel bars are paved in the downward access, the reinforcing steel bars are adopted
And the length of the reinforcing steel bars is reserved at two sides of the transverse bar by 20cm, and the transverse bar is made into a hook which is connected with the reinforcing steel bars of adjacent routes.
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| CN202110840824.XA CN113550751B (en) | 2021-07-23 | 2021-07-23 | Method for recovering near-surface caving ore body |
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| CN202110840824.XA CN113550751B (en) | 2021-07-23 | 2021-07-23 | Method for recovering near-surface caving ore body |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1314066A1 (en) * | 1986-01-22 | 1987-05-30 | Новочеркасский Политехнический Институт Им.Серго Орджоникидзе | Method of mining ore bodies |
| SU1608345A1 (en) * | 1988-12-09 | 1990-11-23 | Московский Геологоразведочный Институт Им.Серго Орджоникидзе | Method of mining mineral deposits |
| CN203452793U (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2014-02-26 | 济南钢城矿业有限公司 | Room structure of shallow-hole shrinkage mining method for mining near-surface thick, large and more oblique ore body |
| CN110656939A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-01-07 | 北京科技大学 | Large-stage efficient mining method for steeply inclined medium-thickness ore body meeting water argillization surrounding rock |
| CN110952981A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-04-03 | 南华大学 | Residual ore mining method for gently inclined medium-thick and large ore body |
-
2021
- 2021-07-23 CN CN202110840824.XA patent/CN113550751B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1314066A1 (en) * | 1986-01-22 | 1987-05-30 | Новочеркасский Политехнический Институт Им.Серго Орджоникидзе | Method of mining ore bodies |
| SU1608345A1 (en) * | 1988-12-09 | 1990-11-23 | Московский Геологоразведочный Институт Им.Серго Орджоникидзе | Method of mining mineral deposits |
| CN203452793U (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2014-02-26 | 济南钢城矿业有限公司 | Room structure of shallow-hole shrinkage mining method for mining near-surface thick, large and more oblique ore body |
| CN110656939A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-01-07 | 北京科技大学 | Large-stage efficient mining method for steeply inclined medium-thickness ore body meeting water argillization surrounding rock |
| CN110952981A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-04-03 | 南华大学 | Residual ore mining method for gently inclined medium-thick and large ore body |
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