CN113546833A - Air bed layer type gravity winnowing machine - Google Patents
Air bed layer type gravity winnowing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN113546833A CN113546833A CN202110137433.1A CN202110137433A CN113546833A CN 113546833 A CN113546833 A CN 113546833A CN 202110137433 A CN202110137433 A CN 202110137433A CN 113546833 A CN113546833 A CN 113546833A
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 94
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010878 waste rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/42—Drive mechanisms, regulating or controlling devices, or balancing devices, specially adapted for screens
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
- B07B11/02—Arrangement of air or material conditioning accessories
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
- B07B11/04—Control arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
- B07B4/08—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures are supported by sieves, screens, or like mechanical elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B07B9/02—Combinations of similar or different apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an air bed layer type gravity winnowing machine which comprises a frame, a suspension device, a shell, a screen body, an air chamber, a gangue discharge hopper, a clean coal discharge pipe and a main air pipe, wherein a vibration exciter is fixed at the top of the shell. The advantages are that: 1. the vibration exciter is arranged at the top of the shell, under the combined action of the vibration exciter and the lower air chamber, gangue and clean coal are separated in a reverse flow mode and are separated through the mixing layer, the winnowing effect is good, and the efficiency is high; 2. air sent by the main air pipe firstly enters the communicating chamber and then is blown out to the upper, middle and lower parts of the screen body through the middle air outlet pipe and the side air outlet pipes, so that the air quantity and the air pressure reaching the parts of the screen body are consistent, the stability and the fluffy degree of a coal bed layer are further ensured to be consistent, and the separation effect is enhanced; 3. the purified gas after purification is returned to the system, the air pressure of the system is recycled, the induced draft fan is small in model selection and low in energy consumption, an air blower is omitted, and the size of the equipment is reduced.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of raw coal winnowing, in particular to an air bed layer type gravity winnowing machine.
Background art:
the dry coal preparation technology has wide application prospect due to the advantages of no water, low cost, no pollution after dust removal and the like; the air separator mainly comprises a high-frequency vibrating screen, an air blower, a main air pipe and air chambers, wherein the air chambers are positioned below the high-frequency vibrating screen, the outlet of the air blower is communicated with the inlet of the main air pipe, and the main air pipe is communicated with an air inlet pipe of each air chamber; the method comprises the steps of putting raw coal on a high-frequency vibrating screen, blowing air sent by an air blower upwards to the upper side of a screen body through an air chamber, enabling the raw coal above the screen body to be fluffy through continuously introducing air, gradually enabling fluffy raw coal to appear in a lower-layer gangue layer, a middle mixing layer and an upper-layer clean coal layer under the action of a vibration exciter, and finally separating clean coal from gangue to realize winnowing. The air separator has the following problems: 1. the vibration exciter of the high-frequency vibrating screen is arranged at the side part, the gangue and the clean coal both flow downwards in the vibrating process of the screen body, the gangue discharge port and the clean coal discharge port are both arranged at the side part of the bottom end of the high-frequency vibrating screen, part of the clean coal can be doped in the gangue, and the winnowing effect is poor; 2. the air chamber generally adopts a constant-pressure air box or a form of the constant-pressure air box and an air distribution plate, and because the air sent by the air inlet pipe has certain pressure, the air is directly blown to the opposite screen body without diffusing in the air chamber, so that the coal on the screen body around the air inlet pipe cannot reach the fluffiness of the central bed layer of the air chamber, the coal bed layer is unstable and the fluffiness is inconsistent, and finally the air separation effect is poor; after long-time operation, coal overstock can also occur on the bed layer, further influencing the winnowing effect; 3. the dust amount is large in the winnowing process, a dust remover and an induced draft fan need to be arranged, the induced draft fan needs large type selection, the equipment cost is high, the pressure of purified gas after dust removal is high, and the purified gas is directly discharged outside to cause waste of wind pressure; and the blower pressurizes the outside air and then sends the outside air to the air chamber, so that the energy consumption is high.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide an air bed layer type gravity winnowing machine with a good winnowing effect.
The invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: the air bed layer type gravity winnowing machine comprises a frame, a suspension device, a shell, a screen body, an air chamber, a gangue discharge hopper, a clean coal discharge pipe and a main air pipe, wherein the shell is obliquely arranged, the shell is suspended below the frame through the suspension device, the top of the high end of the shell is communicated with a feed pipe, and the screen body which is arranged in parallel with the bottom of the shell is fixed below the inner part of the shell; a vibration exciter is fixed at the top of the shell, a clean coal discharge port is formed above the side wall of the lower end of the shell, the outer side of the clean coal discharge port is communicated with the vertically arranged clean coal discharge pipe, and the top of the shell is communicated with an exhaust pipe; at least three rows and two rows of air chambers are communicated with the end surface of the bottom end of the shell, the top ends of the air chambers are communicated with the interior of the shell, the bottom ends of the air chambers are communicated with air inlet pipes, the air inlet pipes are communicated with the main air pipe through hoses, and each air inlet pipe is provided with an air inlet adjusting valve; two adjacent rows of the air chambers are mutually butted, the gangue discharge hopper is fixed at the bottom end of the shell between the two adjacent rows of the air chambers and at the bottom end of the shell between the topmost row of the air chambers and the high end of the shell, and the top end opening of the gangue discharge hopper penetrates through the shell to be communicated with the top surface of the screen body.
Furthermore, the wind chamber comprises a funnel-shaped housing, the top end of the housing is provided with an opening communicated with the bottom end of the housing, and a wind distribution pore plate parallel to the screen body is fixed in the opening; a communicating chamber is fixed at the inner bottom of the housing, the bottom end of the communicating chamber is communicated with an air inlet pipe, and the bottom end of the air inlet pipe penetrates through the bottom of the housing in a sealing manner; the middle part of the top end of the communicating chamber is communicated with a vertically arranged middle air outlet pipe, and the tops of the communicating chambers above and below the middle air outlet pipe are respectively communicated with a side air outlet pipe which inclines towards the high end and the bottom end of the air distribution pore plate; and air outlets of the middle air outlet pipe and the side air outlet pipe are arranged below the air distribution pore plate in parallel.
Furthermore, the side air outlet pipe is a reducing pipe arranged from the inlet to the outlet.
Furthermore, a discharge pipe is communicated with the bottom end of the housing, and a discharge control valve is mounted on the discharge pipe.
Further, it still includes draught fan and dust remover, the air intake of draught fan with the air outlet pipeline intercommunication of dust remover, the air outlet of draught fan with the import intercommunication of main air pipe, the exhaust pipe with the air intake pipeline intercommunication of dust remover.
Further, it still includes the pressure regulating fan, the air intake of pressure regulating fan pass through the pressure regulating pipe with the air outlet intercommunication of dust remover install the pressure regulating control valve on the pressure regulating pipe install first pressure sensor on the air outlet of dust remover, first pressure sensor is connected with the input of controller, the output of controller respectively with the pressure regulating fan with the pressure regulating control valve is connected.
Furthermore, the dust remover comprises a bag-type dust remover main body, two baffle plates which are arranged up and down are fixed in a dust removing chamber of the bag-type dust remover main body, the two baffle plates are transversely arranged, and the two baffle plates are arranged in a left-right staggered manner; one end of each baffle plate is a fixed end and is connected with the corresponding inner wall of the dust chamber, the other end of each baffle plate is a movable end and a channel is formed between the movable end and the inner wall of the dust chamber adjacent to the movable end, and the baffle plates are inclined downwards from the fixed ends to the movable ends; through holes which are arranged corresponding to the cloth bags of the cloth bag dust collector main bodies are formed in the baffle plate, and the cloth bags are movably arranged in the corresponding through holes.
Furthermore, two sides of the baffle plate are in sliding contact with the inner wall of the dust chamber, the fixed end of the baffle plate is hinged with the corresponding inner wall of the dust chamber, a shaft seat is fixed at the movable end of the baffle plate, an adjusting rod is rotatably connected to the top of the shaft seat, the top end of the adjusting rod movably penetrates through a tube plate of the bag-type dust collector main body, and adjusting nuts are screwed on the adjusting rods above and below the tube plate; and a manhole is arranged on the side wall of the bag-type dust collector body, which is adjacent to the adjusting rod, of the side part of the tube plate.
Furthermore, a fixing plate fixed with the inner wall of the shell is vertically fixed at both ends of each gangue discharge hopper and on the screen body at the clean coal discharge port; an adjusting plate which is vertically arranged is arranged on the outer end face of the fixing plate at the two ends of each gangue discharge hopper and the inner end face of the fixing plate at the clean coal discharge port in a sliding mode respectively, and the adjusting plates are arranged along the width direction of the shell; the bottom end of each adjusting plate is respectively and rotatably provided with at least two vertically arranged screws, the bottom ends of the screws penetrate through the screen body and the shell in a sliding manner, and nuts fixed with the corresponding gangue discharge hopper or the clean coal discharge pipe are screwed on the screws outside the shell; and a horizontally arranged baffle is fixed at the top end of the adjusting plate at the high end of the gangue discharge hopper.
Furthermore, the suspension device comprises a spring and a pull rod, the spring is fixed at the top of the rack, a pressing plate is fixed at the top end of the spring, the top end of the pull rod penetrates through the spring and is fixedly connected with the pressing plate, and the bottom end of the pull rod movably penetrates through the rack and is fixedly connected with the shell.
The invention has the advantages that: 1. the vibration exciter is arranged at the top of the shell, under the combined action of the vibration exciter and the lower air chamber, gangue and clean coal are separated in the middle mixing layer, the gangue falls downwards under the action of gravity, then flows upwards under the action of air floating, and is finally discharged through the gangue discharge hopper; the clean coal floats upwards under the blowing of the gas and converges into the clean coal layer, flows downwards under the action of gravity and is finally discharged through a clean coal discharge pipe; the gangue and the clean coal are separated in a reverse flow manner and are separated by the mixing layer, so that the winnowing effect is good and the efficiency is high; 2. air sent by a main air pipe firstly enters a communicating chamber, then is blown to upper, middle and lower parts of a screen body through a middle air outlet pipe and side air outlet pipes, so that air outlet of an air inlet pipe is uniformly distributed for the first time, then secondary uniform distribution is realized through an air distribution pore plate, in addition, the side air outlet pipes are arranged into reducing pipes, the air pressure of each side air outlet pipe and the air pressure of the middle air outlet pipe can be consistent, the structures of all parts of an air chamber are mutually matched, the air quantity and the air pressure reaching all parts of the screen body are consistent, further, the stability and the fluffy degree of a coal bed layer are ensured to be consistent, and the separation effect is enhanced; 3. the gas discharged from the exhaust pipe is sucked into the dust remover through the draught fan for filtering and purifying, and the purified gas after purification is returned to the system, so that the air pressure of the system is recycled, the draught fan has small model selection and low energy consumption, an air blower is omitted, the volume of the equipment is reduced, and meanwhile, the system is ensured to run at constant pressure through air pressure circulation, the stability of a bed layer is ensured, and the winnowing effect is further ensured; through setting up the pressure regulating fan, can adjust the system wind pressure, further guarantee the stability of screen frame top bed, reinforcing selection by winnowing effect.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the plenum structure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 3.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 5.
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of example 4.
The device comprises a rack 1, a suspension device 2, a spring 201, a pull rod 202, a pressing plate 203, a shell 3, a screen body 4, an air chamber 5, a cover 51, an air distribution hole plate 52, a communicating chamber 53, a middle air outlet pipe 54, a side air outlet pipe 55, an exhaust pipe 56, an exhaust control valve 57, a fixing plate 58, an adjusting plate 59, a screw 510, a nut 511, a baffle 512, a gangue exhaust hopper 6, a clean coal exhaust pipe 7, a main air pipe 8, a feed pipe 9, a vibration exciter 10, a clean coal exhaust port 11, an exhaust pipe 12, an air inlet pipe 13, a hose 14, an air inlet adjusting valve 15, an induced draft fan 16, a dust remover 17, a bag dust remover main body 171, a dust removal chamber 172, a baffle 173, a channel 174, a bag 175, a through hole 176, an axle seat 177, an adjusting rod 178, a pipe plate 179, an adjusting nut 180, a manhole 181, a pressure adjusting fan 18, a pressure adjusting pipe 19, a pressure adjusting valve 20, a first pressure sensor 21 and a controller 22.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, as the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. appear, their indicated orientations or positional relationships are based on those shown in the drawings only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but not for indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" as appearing herein are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the air bed layered gravity air separator comprises a frame 1, a suspension device 2, a housing 3, a screen body 4, an air chamber 5, a gangue discharge hopper 6, a clean coal discharge pipe 7 and a main air duct 8, wherein the housing 3 is obliquely arranged, the housing 3 is suspended below the frame 1 through the suspension device 2, the suspension device 2 comprises a spring 201 and a pull rod 202, the spring 201 is fixed at the top of the frame 1, a pressing plate 203 is fixed at the top end of the spring 201, the top end of the pull rod 202 penetrates through the spring 201 to be fixedly connected with the pressing plate 203, and the bottom end of the pull rod 202 movably penetrates through the frame 1 to be fixedly connected with the housing 3. The shell 3 and the screen body 4 are integrally suspended below the frame 1 through a pull rod 202 and a spring 201, wherein the spring 201 realizes a damping effect;
a feeding pipe 9 is communicated with the top of the high end of the shell 3, and a sieve body 4 which is arranged in parallel with the bottom of the shell 3 is fixed below the inner part of the shell 3; a vibration exciter 10 is fixed at the top of the shell 3, a clean coal discharge port 11 is arranged above the side wall of the lower end of the shell 3, a vertically arranged clean coal discharge pipe 7 is communicated with the outer side of the clean coal discharge port 11, and an exhaust pipe 12 is communicated with the top of the shell 3; raw coal is fed into the shell 3 through the feeding pipe 9 and then reaches the upper part of the screen body 4, and under the vibration of the vibration exciter 10, the raw coal above the screen body 4 vibrates;
The end surface of the bottom end of the shell 3 is communicated with at least three rows of two rows of air chambers 5, and the size of the air chambers 5 in the longitudinal direction is larger than that in the transverse direction; the top end of the air chamber 5 is communicated with the inside of the shell 3, the bottom end of the air chamber 5 is communicated with an air inlet pipe 13, the air inlet pipe 13 is communicated with the main air pipes 8 through a hose 14, an air inlet adjusting valve 15 is arranged on each air inlet pipe 13, and the ventilation volume of each air inlet pipe 13 can be adjusted through the air inlet adjusting valve 15 so as to ensure that the ventilation volume of each air inlet pipe 13 communicated with the same main air pipe 8 is consistent;
the wind chamber 5 comprises a funnel-shaped housing 51, the top end of the housing 51 is provided with an opening communicated with the bottom end of the shell 3, a wind distribution pore plate 52 parallel to the screen body 4 is fixed in the opening, a communicating chamber 53 is fixed at the inner bottom of the housing 51, the bottom end of the communicating chamber 53 is communicated with the wind inlet pipe 13, and the bottom end of the wind inlet pipe 13 passes through the bottom of the housing 51 in a sealing way; the middle part of the top end of the communicating chamber 53 is communicated with a vertically arranged middle air outlet pipe 54, the top parts of the communicating chamber 53 above and below the middle air outlet pipe 54 are respectively communicated with a side air outlet pipe 55 inclined towards the high end and the bottom end of the air distribution pore plate 52, the communicating chamber 53, the middle air outlet pipe 54 and the side air outlet pipe 55 are fixed inside the housing 51 through brackets (not shown in the figure), the side air outlet pipe 55 is a reducing pipe arranged from an inlet to an outlet, and the reducing pipe can pressurize passing air, so that the consistency of air pressure of each part is further ensured; the air outlets of the middle air outlet pipe 54 and the side air outlet pipe 55 are arranged below the air distribution pore plate 52 in parallel. Circulating air sent by the main air pipe 8 enters the communicating chamber 53 through the air inlet pipe 13, and then is divided into two parts, one part is sprayed out from the middle air outlet pipe 54 and acts on the middle bed layer, the other part is sprayed out from the two side air outlet pipes 55 and acts on the side bed layers, and then is uniformly distributed through the air distribution pore plates 52 and enters the shell 3 to blow raw coal above the sieve body 4, so that the air quantity reaching the bed layers is uniformly distributed, the density of the coal of the side bed layers and the middle bed layers is improved to be consistent, and further the winnowing effect is ensured; a discharge pipe 56 is communicated with the bottom end of the housing 51, a discharge control valve 57 is arranged on the discharge pipe 56, part of materials such as iron sulfide in raw coal fall into the housing 51 through the air distribution hole plate 52, and the part of materials gathered at the bottom of the housing 51 can be discharged through the discharge pipe 56 by periodically opening the discharge control valve 57;
Two adjacent rows of air chambers 5 are mutually butted, a gangue discharge hopper 6 is fixed at the bottom end of the shell 3 between the two adjacent rows of air chambers 5 and the bottom end of the shell 3 between the topmost air chamber 5 and the high end of the shell 3, and an opening at the top end of the gangue discharge hopper 6 penetrates through the shell 3 to be communicated with the top surface of the screen body 4; finally, the gangue is discharged through a gangue discharge hopper 6, and the clean coal is discharged through a clean coal discharge pipe 7; a fixing plate 58 fixed with the inner wall of the shell 3 is vertically fixed on both ends of each gangue discharge hopper 6 and the screen body 4 at the clean coal discharge port 11; a vertically arranged adjusting plate 59 is respectively arranged on the outer end surface of the fixing plate 58 at the two ends of each gangue discharge hopper 6 and the inner end surface of the fixing plate 58 at the clean coal discharge port 11 in a sliding manner, and the adjusting plates 59 are arranged along the width direction of the shell 3; at least two vertically arranged screws 510 are respectively and rotatably arranged at the bottom end of each adjusting plate 59, the bottom ends of the screws 510 penetrate through the screen body 4 and the shell 3 in a sliding manner, and nuts 511 fixed with corresponding gangue discharge hoppers 6 or clean coal discharge pipes 7 are screwed on the screws 510 outside the shell 3; the adjusting plate 59 can be driven to lift by rotating the screw 510, so that the relative position between the corresponding adjusting plate 59 and the screen body 4 is adjusted, namely the effect of adjusting the height of the inlet of the gangue discharge hopper 6 and the height of the clean coal discharge port 11 is achieved, and the purpose of adjusting different bed layer heights is achieved; a horizontally arranged baffle 512 is fixed at the top end of the adjusting plate 59 at the high end of the gangue discharging hopper 6; the purpose of adjusting the size of the inlet of the gangue discharge hopper 28 can be achieved by adjusting the distance between the baffle 219 and the adjusting plate 216 opposite to the baffle.
Through carrying out the innovative design to 5 structures of plenum, can make the wind pressure that each part of screen frame received even, and then improve the selection by winnowing effect, simultaneously through set up the regulating plate on waste rock discharge port and clean coal discharge port, can be according to the thickness of each partial bed layer in the raw coal quality adjustment screen frame 4 top of difference, mutually support with plenum 5 and can further guarantee the selection by winnowing effect.
Example 2: the whole structure is the same as that of the embodiment 1, but the difference is that, as shown in fig. 4, the air conditioner further comprises an induced draft fan 16 and a dust remover 17, an air inlet of the induced draft fan 16 is communicated with an air outlet pipeline of the dust remover 17, an air outlet of the induced draft fan 16 is communicated with an inlet of the main air pipe 8, and the exhaust pipe 12 is communicated with an air inlet pipeline of the dust remover 17. The gas discharged from the shell 3 enters a dust remover 17 for filtering under the suction action of an induced draft fan 16, the filtered coal powder can be mixed with clean coal, the filtered gas is sent into a main air pipe 8 of a winnowing machine and then enters an air chamber 5 through an air inlet pipe 13, and the induced draft fan 16 and the dust remover 17 are added, so that on one hand, the gas discharged from an exhaust pipe 12 can be filtered and purified, and the pollution is reduced; on the other hand, the purified air flow is returned to the system, the air pressure of the system is recycled, the induced draft fan 16 has small model selection and low energy consumption, an air blower is omitted, the volume of equipment is reduced, and meanwhile, the system is ensured to run at constant pressure through air pressure circulation, the stability of a bed layer is ensured, and the winnowing effect is further ensured; the dust collector also comprises a pressure regulating fan 18, wherein an air inlet of the pressure regulating fan 18 is communicated with an air outlet of the dust collector 17 through a pressure regulating pipe 19, a pressure regulating control valve 20 is installed on the pressure regulating pipe 19, a first pressure sensor 21 is installed on the air outlet of the dust collector 17, the first pressure sensor 21 is connected with the input end of a controller 22, and the output end of the controller 22 is respectively connected with the pressure regulating fan 18 and the pressure regulating control valve 20; monitoring the pressure of an air outlet of the dust remover 17 through a first pressure sensor 21, and when the monitored pressure is lower than a set pressure value of the system, opening a pressure regulating control valve 20 and starting a pressure regulating fan 18 to supplement the pressure to the system so as to ensure the normal operation of the system; when the pressure reaches the set value, the pressure regulating control valve 20 and the pressure regulating fan 18 are closed.
This embodiment filters the back retrieval and utilization through setting up draught fan 16 and dust remover 17 to system's circulated air, has realized the cyclic utilization of system's wind pressure, reduces the system energy consumption, simultaneously through setting up pressure regulating fan 18, can adjust system's wind pressure, further guarantees the stability of the bed layer above the screen frame 4, reinforcing selection by winnowing effect.
Example 3: the overall structure of the dust remover is the same as that of the embodiment 2, except that, as shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, the dust remover 17 comprises a bag-type dust remover main body 171, and the bag-type dust remover main body 171 comprises a dust remover shell, a back-blowing mechanism, an air inlet, an air outlet, a bag 175, a tube plate 179, a discharging auger and other structures, in this embodiment, the air inlet is arranged at the side part of the dust removing chamber, the air outlet is arranged at the top part of the dust remover shell above the tube plate 179, and the back-blowing mechanism is arranged inside the dust remover shell above the tube plate 179; after entering the dust chamber 172 through the air inlet, the dust-containing gas is filtered by the cloth bag 175, and the clean gas reaches the inside of the dust remover shell above the tube plate 179 through the cloth bag 175 to be gathered and then is discharged through the air outlet;
two baffle plates 173 arranged up and down are fixed in a dust chamber 172 of the bag-type dust collector main body 171, the two baffle plates 173 are transversely arranged, and the two baffle plates 173 are arranged in a left-right staggered manner; through holes 176 which are arranged corresponding to the cloth bags 175 of the cloth bag dust remover main bodies 171 are formed in the baffle 173, the distance between each through hole 176 and the outer wall of each cloth bag 175 is 2-10mm, and the cloth bags 175 are movably arranged in the corresponding through holes 176, so that the vibration of the cloth bags 175 and the baffle 173 are prevented from colliding and being worn; one end of the baffle 173 is a fixed end and is connected with the inner wall of the corresponding dust chamber 172, the other end of the baffle 173 is a movable end and forms a channel 174 with the inner wall of the dust chamber 172 adjacent to the movable end, and the baffle 173 inclines downwards from the fixed end to the movable end; the baffle 173 can prolong the flow of the air flow in the dust chamber 172, so that the air flow is contacted with each part of the cloth bag 175, and the effective utilization area of the cloth bag 175 is increased; meanwhile, the dust chamber 172 is divided into an upper filtering cavity and a lower dust discharging cavity by the lower baffle plate 173, so that the influence of air flow on the dust discharging cavity is further reduced, dust filtered by the cloth bag 175 is accumulated on the baffle plate 173, flows downwards through the baffle plate 173 and is finally accumulated on the discharging auger at the bottom, and disturbance can be reduced.
By arranging the two baffle plates 173 in the shell, on one hand, the dust-containing airflow can be guided, the stroke of the airflow in the dust chamber 172 is prolonged, the effective utilization area of the cloth bag 175 is increased, and the dust removal effect is enhanced; the dust filtered by the other side falls back to the bottom discharging auger along the baffle plate 173, so that the disturbance can be reduced, the baffle plate 173 can separate the dust removing cavity from the dust discharging cavity, the disturbance of airflow to the dust collected at the bottom is reduced, the formation of secondary dust is prevented, and the dust removing effect is ensured; in addition, when the engine is stopped and restarted, the baffle 173 can buffer the airflow sent from the air inlet, so that the problem of ash overflow of the ash discharge port during restarting is solved; to sum up, the dust remover of this embodiment can effectively remove dust to dirty gas, improves purification efficiency and purifying effect, mutually supports with plenum 5, can further guarantee the stability of system wind pressure, guarantees the stability of screen frame top bed, reinforcing selection by winnowing effect.
Example 4: the overall structure of the dust collector is the same as that of the embodiment 3, except that, as shown in fig. 7, two sides of the baffle 173 are in sliding contact with the inner wall of the dust chamber 172, the fixed end of the baffle 173 is hinged with the corresponding inner wall of the dust chamber 172, the movable end of the baffle 173 is fixed with a shaft seat 177, the top of the shaft seat 177 is rotatably connected with an adjusting rod 178, the top end of the adjusting rod 178 movably penetrates through a tube plate 179 of the bag-type dust collector main body 171, and adjusting nuts 180 are screwed on the adjusting rods 178 above and below the tube plate 179; a manhole 181 is provided on the side wall of the bag-type dust collector body 171 adjacent to the adjusting rod 178 at the side of the tube sheet 179. After the manhole 181 is opened, the length of the adjusting rod 178 below the tube plate 179 can be adjusted by loosening the adjusting nut 180, so that the inclination angle of the baffle plate 173 can be conveniently adjusted according to different treatment capacities, and after the baffle plate is adjusted to a proper position, the adjusting nut 180 is screwed to fix the adjusting rod 178; the air inlet of the dust remover 17 is arranged above the movable end of the lower baffle plate 173, and dust-containing gas can flow upwards under the blocking action of the lower baffle plate 173 after entering the dust removing chamber 172, so that on one hand, secondary dust amount formed by impact of air flow on dust accumulated below can be reduced, and on the other hand, the problem of dust overflow at the dust discharge port of the discharge auger during shutdown and restart can be solved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The air bed layer type gravity winnowing machine is characterized by comprising a rack, a suspension device, a shell, a screen body, an air chamber, a gangue discharge hopper, a clean coal discharge pipe and a main air pipe, wherein the shell is obliquely arranged, the shell is suspended below the rack through the suspension device, a feed pipe is communicated with the top of the high end of the shell, and the screen body which is arranged in parallel with the bottom of the shell is fixed below the inner part of the shell; a vibration exciter is fixed at the top of the shell, a clean coal discharge port is formed above the side wall of the lower end of the shell, the outer side of the clean coal discharge port is communicated with the vertically arranged clean coal discharge pipe, and the top of the shell is communicated with an exhaust pipe; at least three rows and two rows of air chambers are communicated with the end surface of the bottom end of the shell, the top ends of the air chambers are communicated with the interior of the shell, the bottom ends of the air chambers are communicated with air inlet pipes, the air inlet pipes are communicated with the main air pipe through hoses, and each air inlet pipe is provided with an air inlet adjusting valve; two adjacent rows of the air chambers are mutually butted, the gangue discharge hopper is fixed at the bottom end of the shell between the two adjacent rows of the air chambers and at the bottom end of the shell between the topmost row of the air chambers and the high end of the shell, and the top end opening of the gangue discharge hopper penetrates through the shell to be communicated with the top surface of the screen body.
2. The air bed layered gravity air separator according to claim 1, wherein said air chamber comprises a funnel-shaped housing, an opening communicating with a bottom end of said housing is provided at a top end of said housing, and an air distribution hole plate parallel to said screen body is fixed in said opening; a communicating chamber is fixed at the inner bottom of the housing, the bottom end of the communicating chamber is communicated with an air inlet pipe, and the bottom end of the air inlet pipe penetrates through the bottom of the housing in a sealing manner; the middle part of the top end of the communicating chamber is communicated with a vertically arranged middle air outlet pipe, and the tops of the communicating chambers above and below the middle air outlet pipe are respectively communicated with a side air outlet pipe which inclines towards the high end and the bottom end of the air distribution pore plate; and air outlets of the middle air outlet pipe and the side air outlet pipe are arranged below the air distribution pore plate in parallel.
3. The air bed layered gravity air separator according to claim 2, wherein said side air outlet duct is a reducing duct disposed from the inlet to the outlet.
4. The air bed layered gravity air separator according to claim 2, wherein a discharge pipe is connected to a bottom end of said housing, and a discharge control valve is mounted on said discharge pipe.
5. The air bed layer type gravity winnowing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a draught fan and a dust remover, wherein an air inlet of the draught fan is communicated with an air outlet pipeline of the dust remover, an air outlet of the draught fan is communicated with an inlet of the main air pipe, and the exhaust pipe is communicated with an air inlet pipeline of the dust remover.
6. The air bed layered gravity winnowing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that it further comprises a pressure regulating fan, an air inlet of said pressure regulating fan is communicated with an air outlet of said dust remover through a pressure regulating pipe, a pressure regulating control valve is installed on said pressure regulating pipe, a first pressure sensor is installed on said air outlet of said dust remover, said first pressure sensor is connected with an input end of a controller, an output end of said controller is respectively connected with said pressure regulating fan and said pressure regulating control valve.
7. The air bed layer type gravity winnowing machine according to claim 5, wherein the dust remover comprises a bag-type dust remover main body, two baffle plates which are arranged up and down are fixed in a dust removing chamber of the bag-type dust remover main body, the two baffle plates are transversely arranged, and the two baffle plates are arranged in a left-right staggered manner; one end of each baffle plate is a fixed end and is connected with the corresponding inner wall of the dust chamber, the other end of each baffle plate is a movable end and a channel is formed between the movable end and the inner wall of the dust chamber adjacent to the movable end, and the baffle plates are inclined downwards from the fixed ends to the movable ends; through holes which are arranged corresponding to the cloth bags of the cloth bag dust collector main bodies are formed in the baffle plate, and the cloth bags are movably arranged in the corresponding through holes.
8. The air bed layer type gravity air separator according to claim 7, wherein both sides of the baffle plate are in sliding contact with the inner wall of the dust chamber, the fixed end of the baffle plate is hinged with the corresponding inner wall of the dust chamber, a shaft seat is fixed at the movable end of the baffle plate, an adjusting rod is rotatably connected to the top of the shaft seat, the top end of the adjusting rod movably penetrates through the tube plate of the bag-type dust collector main body, and adjusting nuts are screwed on the adjusting rods above and below the tube plate; and a manhole is arranged on the side wall of the bag-type dust collector body, which is adjacent to the adjusting rod, of the side part of the tube plate.
9. The air bed type gravity air separator according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 or 8, wherein a fixing plate fixed with the inner wall of the shell is vertically fixed on both ends of each gangue discharge hopper and the screen body at the clean coal discharge port; an adjusting plate which is vertically arranged is arranged on the outer end face of the fixing plate at the two ends of each gangue discharge hopper and the inner end face of the fixing plate at the clean coal discharge port in a sliding mode respectively, and the adjusting plates are arranged along the width direction of the shell; the bottom end of each adjusting plate is respectively and rotatably provided with at least two vertically arranged screws, the bottom ends of the screws penetrate through the screen body and the shell in a sliding manner, and nuts fixed with the corresponding gangue discharge hopper or the clean coal discharge pipe are screwed on the screws outside the shell; and a horizontally arranged baffle is fixed at the top end of the adjusting plate at the high end of the gangue discharge hopper.
10. The air bed type gravity air separator according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 or 8, wherein said suspension means comprises a spring and a pull rod, said spring is fixed on the top of said frame, a pressing plate is fixed on the top end of said spring, the top end of said pull rod passes through said spring and is fixedly connected with said pressing plate, and the bottom end of said pull rod movably passes through said frame and is fixedly connected with said housing.
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| CN202110137433.1A CN113546833A (en) | 2021-02-01 | 2021-02-01 | Air bed layer type gravity winnowing machine |
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