CN113546390A

CN113546390A - Apparatus for swimming training and learning

Info

Publication number: CN113546390A
Application number: CN202110791161.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙秋阳
Original assignee: Zhengzhou Shengda University of Economics Business and Management
Current assignee: Zhengzhou Shengda University of Economics Business and Management
Priority date: 2021-07-13
Filing date: 2021-07-13
Publication date: 2021-10-26

Abstract

The invention provides an apparatus for swimming training and learning, in order to solve the floating board buoyancy that the tradition is wiped is fixed, look for the diversified crowd's adaptability of bodily form, the problem that can't use well, including the floating board, the floating board includes both sides, characterized by, every side can dismantle or fixedly connect with the balance part, the balance part includes the fixed connecting portion made of rigid material of holding position of both sides at least, also include the balance belt of lamellar structure made of flexible material that is extended downward by the lower border of connecting portion; the adjusting part is of a bag-shaped structure and comprises a cavity which is located inside and provided with a detachable sealing plug, the adjusting part comprises a bottom part, a vertical surface part and a top part, the bottom part is of a streamline rigid structure, the vertical surface part is located between the top part and the bottom part, the vertical surface part is of a corrugated foldable structure, and a structure that the distance between the bottom part and the top part can be adjusted relatively is formed.

Description

Apparatus for swimming training and learning

Technical Field

The invention relates to a swimming training device, in particular to an appliance for swimming training and learning.

Background

Swimming is increasingly favored by people for its ability to enhance cardiopulmonary, plastic nature of body contouring, and self-aid skills as an emergency aid. The floating plate is the most basic swimming auxiliary equipment and is also the most used swimming auxiliary equipment in swimming study and exercise, and in the hands of swimming beginners, the floating plate is an important basis for the beginners to overcome tension and water fear, and in the hands of advanced people, the floating plate is an important tool for helping the trainees to polish swimming actions.

Traditional kickboard divide into word board and U template, and traditional kickboard structure and function are all fairly simpler to can promote buoyancy and be the only standard. However, in reality, the floating plate is used for arm pressure, back carrying, chest pressure and the like, and is assisted by a binding tape, but in reality, the floating plate is not well applicable due to personal shape and various reasons, and on the other hand, the floating plate is of a solid plate structure, the floating force is fixed, and the floating force is also applicable to a user.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention firstly provides an appliance for swimming training and learning, so as to solve the problem that the traditional floating plate with a fixed buoyancy cannot be well used for checking the adaptability of people with various shapes.

The technical scheme is that the floating plate comprises a floating plate body and two side edges, and is characterized in that the side edges are detachably or fixedly connected with a balance part, the balance part at least comprises two connecting parts which are fixed in position and made of rigid materials, and a balance belt of a sheet structure which is made of flexible materials and extends downwards from the lower edge of each connecting part; still including being located between two balancing portions and with the regulating part that balancing portion or kickboard bottom surface are connected, the regulating part is saccular structure, including being located inside and having the cavity that can dismantle the sealing plug, the regulating part includes bottom, found face portion, top, the bottom is streamlined rigid structure, found face portion is located between top, the bottom, just it is corrugated foldable structure to found face portion, forms the structure that the distance can be adjusted relatively between bottom and the top.

In the above or some embodiments, each side edge is surrounded by a surrounding plate formed by a side edge of the water beating plate, the surrounding plate is of a rigid strip structure, the lower side edge of the surrounding plate is provided with an inward concave clamping groove, the connecting part is provided with a plug part for being in plug-in fit with the clamping groove, the plug part further comprises a positioning part in limit fit with the lower edge of the surrounding plate, and a structure is formed by the plug part being in plug-in fit with the clamping groove and being positioned by the positioning part; the zipper is characterized by further comprising skin pieces located on the outer peripheral surfaces of the enclosing plates and the connecting parts, and the skin pieces corresponding to the enclosing plates and the connecting parts form a detachable connecting structure through zipper mechanisms.

In the above or some embodiments, the lower edges of the balance belts and the connecting portion are detachable connecting structures, each of the balance belts is a triangular or triangle-like structure, and the balance belts are made of a flexible silica gel material.

In the above or some embodiments, a structure detachably connected to the adjusting portion is disposed at a joint of the inner side of the enclosing plate and the floating plate, the bottom is made of rigid PVC, and the surface of the bottom is an arc surface structure, the foldable structure is made of a corrugated connecting band, the corrugated connecting band is enclosed at an edge between the top and the bottom to form a sealing structure for the bladder-shaped structure, and a flexible connecting structure between the top and the bottom is formed at the same time.

In the above or some embodiments, the filling deformation rate of the corrugated connecting band at one end is greater than that at the other end, and the adjustment part is formed to fill to form a streamline structure with one end higher than the other end of the bottom.

In the foregoing or some embodiments, the floating plate includes a front end portion and a main body portion, a lifting angle adjusting mechanism for the front end portion is disposed between the front end portion and the main body portion, the lifting angle adjusting mechanism includes two fixed ends, a first fixed end is fixedly located at the main body portion, and a second fixed end is fixedly located at the front end portion; be equipped with flexible joint between first stiff end and the second stiff end, flexible joint is equipped with adjustment mechanism, forms the structure that the angle is adjustable between first stiff end, the second stiff end place plane.

In the above or some embodiments, the adjusting mechanism includes a plurality of adjusting arms formed by connecting units in an isosceles trapezoid shape hinged to each other, each connecting unit is provided with a through hole for passing an adjusting steel wire, one end of the adjusting steel wire is fixedly connected to the first fixed end, the other end of the adjusting steel wire is connected to the winding drum, the winding drum is driven to rotate by a driving mechanism of the adjusting mechanism, and the driving mechanism can drive the winding drum to rotate and lock any position.

In the above or some embodiments, the driving mechanism includes a rotating shaft fixedly sleeved with the winding drum, a bevel gear train driving the rotating shaft to rotate, a control rod located in a driving gear in the bevel gear train, a fixed cylinder sleeved in the control rod through a blind hole, one end of the fixed cylinder being fixedly installed at a set position, a locking piece sleeved in the fixed cylinder in a sliding manner, the locking piece including a locking portion located at an end portion and a sliding portion located in the fixed cylinder, a shifting rod movably connected between the sliding portion and an inner wall of an inner hole of the control rod, the fixed cylinder being provided with a shifting hole for shifting the shifting rod, the shifting rod being fixedly hinged to the fixed cylinder, one end of the shifting rod being exposed and located at a control cam surface at the inner hole of the control rod, and the other end of the shifting rod being located at a shaft shoulder formed between the sliding portion and the locking portion, the sliding part and the fixed cylinder are provided with a spring part in a compression state, and the sliding part further comprises a return spring positioned between the control rod and the fixed cylinder.

In the above or some embodiments, the locking portion is a wedge structure with a sharp end, the corresponding rotating shaft is provided with locking grooves corresponding to the wedge and arranged in an annular manner, the locking portion further includes an outer fixing block, the outer fixing block is sleeved at the locking grooves, the outer fixing block is a rectangular block structure, and the fixing cylinder is fixedly mounted at the outer fixing block.

In the above or some embodiments, the portable air conditioner further comprises a backpack belt, the backpack belt comprises a fixed winding shaft end fixed at one side of the floating plate, and a clamping end detachably and fixedly connected with the other side of the floating plate; the fixed scroll end comprises a shaft barrel and a scroll positioned in the shaft barrel, the scroll forms a connecting structure capable of automatically winding with the winding drum through a volute spiral spring, and the backpack belt is wound at the scroll; the joint end includes the joint piece of a rigidity rectangle, still includes one and is located with the joint piece the sunken groove of kickboard surface indent, sunken groove portion upper end department extends to the center and forms spacing joint piece and allows the structure that the back of the body area passes through.

According to the anti-overturning floating plate, the anti-overturning effect of the floating plate is improved by utilizing the flexible balance parts on the two sides, the floating plate is more stable to use, and the problem that a beginner overturns due to the fact that the body is tense and stiff is avoided; on the other hand, the adjusting part adopted by the utility model can realize the adjustment of the buoyancy so as to adapt to the conditions of different buoyancy requirements; in addition, the plane angle between the front end part and the main body part is realized through the lifting angle adjusting mechanism, so that the water pressing effect of the floating plate can be improved, and the training is facilitated to stroke and advance; the automatic winding type back carrying belt provided by the scheme can better adapt to different crowds and is more convenient to use.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a bottom view of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 2.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection between the balance part and the vertical part.

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the lift adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion B in fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a fixed spool end in the present invention.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion C in fig. 4.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the directional terms "upper," "lower," "outer," "inner," etc., are used in a descriptive sense with respect to the figures and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the floating plate 100 is made of water-resistant foam, and the use of the floating plate 100 is performed throughout the swimmers in each stage, so that the beginners can use the floating plate to assist in lifting buoyancy, overcoming tension, and the advanced people can use the floating plate to assist in correcting swimming postures. In the process that a beginner uses the floating plate 100, due to the fact that the body is nervous, the body is prone to sinking or overturning in water, and a more panic mood is caused. In the scheme, the floating plate 100 comprises a front end part 102 and a main body part 103, wherein the front end part 102 is provided with a similar-circular radian to increase the effect of water breaking, and on the other hand, the opposite position of the front end part 102 and the main body part 103 is of a linear structure. The lifting angle adjusting mechanism 400 for the front end part 102 is arranged between the front end part 102 and the main body part 103, the front end part 102 can be knocked out of the main body part 103 by means of the lifting angle adjusting mechanism 400, the water pressing effect of the front end part 102 can be effectively maintained when the water pressing mechanism is used, and the water breaking and advancing effects of the water pressing mechanism in the water paddling process are enhanced. The lifting adjusting mechanism comprises two fixed ends, wherein a first fixed end 401 is fixedly positioned at the main body part 103, and a second fixed end 402 is fixedly positioned at the front end part 102; be equipped with flexible joint between first stiff end 401 and the second stiff end 402, flexible joint is equipped with adjustment mechanism, forms the structure that the angle is adjustable between first stiff end 401, the plane of second stiff end 402 place.

In the above or some embodiments, the adjusting mechanism includes a plurality of adjusting arms 404 formed by connecting units 403 in an isosceles trapezoid shape hinged to each other, two adjusting arms 404 are located between a first fixed end 401 and a second fixed end 402, each of the connecting units 403 is provided with a through hole for passing an adjusting wire, one end of the adjusting wire is fixedly connected to the first fixed end 401, the other end of the adjusting wire is connected to a winding drum 405, the winding drum 405 is driven to rotate by a driving mechanism 500 of the adjusting mechanism, and the driving mechanism 500 can drive the winding drum 405 to rotate and lock any position. For better installation and control of the adjusting mechanism, the connecting unit 403 of the adjusting mechanism may be made of light nylon, and a sunken installation groove is provided at a corresponding position of the floating plate 100 for installation of the lifting adjusting mechanism.

In the above or some embodiments, the driving mechanism 500 includes a rotating shaft 501 fixedly sleeved with the winding drum 405, and further includes a bevel gear train for driving the rotating shaft 501 to rotate, where the bevel gear train includes a driving gear 502 and a driven gear engaged with each other. The bevel gear transmission mechanism further comprises a control rod 503 positioned in the driving gear 502 in the bevel gear system, and the control rod 503 is in sliding fit with the mounting control of the driving gear 502. A fixed cylinder 504 is sleeved in the control rod 503 through a blind hole, one end of the fixed cylinder 504 is fixedly installed at a set position, and a sliding structure relative to the outer wall of the fixed cylinder 504 is realized when the control rod 503 performs control action. Still include the slip endotheca in locking piece 505 in the solid fixed cylinder 504, locking piece 505 is including the locking part 505a that is located the tip, still including the sliding part 505b that is located solid fixed cylinder 504, sliding part 505b with be equipped with swing joint's driving lever 506 between the inner wall of the hole of control lever 503, gu fixed cylinder 504 department is equipped with the hole of stepping down that is used for driving lever 506 to step down, forms driving lever 506 fixed hinge joint in gu fixed cylinder 504, one end is exposed and is located control cam face 507 department of control lever 503 hole department, the other end be located sliding part 505b with shaft shoulder department that forms between the locking part 505a, sliding part 505b with be equipped with the spring piece 508 that is in compression state between the solid fixed cylinder 504, still including being located the reset spring 509 between control lever 503 and the solid fixed cylinder 504. In the use process, due to the spring piece 508 in the compression state between the fixed cylinder 504 and the locking piece 505, the locking piece 505 and the rotating shaft 501 are forced to be in the locking state, namely, the adjusting angle of the adjusting arm 404 is kept; when the angle needs to be adjusted, an adjusting key for adjusting and rotating the driving gear 502 is firstly inserted, and in the process of pressing the adjusting key, the control rod 503 firstly slides along the fixed cylinder 504 and presses the shifting rod 506 through the control cam surface 507, so that the shifting rod 506 rotates and shifts the locking piece 505, further the locking piece 505 is unlocked, and at the moment, the rotating driving gear 502 can be rotated to enable the rotating shaft 501 to loosen or tighten the adjusting wire through the winding drum 405, and the angle adjusting process is realized. When the adjustment key is pulled out, the lever 503 and the driver 506 return to their original positions, and the locking member 505 is locked again by the spring member 508.

In the above or some embodiments, the locking portion 505a is a wedge structure with a pointed end, the corresponding rotating shaft 501 is provided with locking grooves 510 which are annularly arranged and correspond to the wedge, the locking portion further includes an outer fixing block, the outer fixing block is sleeved in the locking grooves 510, the outer fixing block is a rectangular block structure, and the fixing cylinder 504 is fixedly mounted at the outer fixing block 511.

In the above or some embodiments, the backpack strap 600 includes the fixed reel 603 end 601 fixed at one side of the floating plate 100, and further includes a clamping end detachably and fixedly connected with the other side of the floating plate 100; the end 601 of the fixed scroll 603 comprises a shaft barrel 602, and further comprises a scroll 603 positioned in the shaft barrel 602, the scroll 603 forms an automatically windable connection structure with the winding drum 405 through a scroll spring 605604, and the backing tape 600 is wound at the scroll 603; the clamping end comprises a rigid rectangular clamping block 606 and a sunken groove corresponding to the clamping block 606 and located in the concave surface of the floating plate 100, and the upper end of the sunken groove extends towards the center to form a structure for limiting the clamping block 606 and allowing the strap 600 to pass through. The purpose of the backpack belt 600 is to utilize the backpack belt 600 to realize that the floating plate 100 is strapped and bound to the back or the chest to provide auxiliary buoyancy when the user needs to practice the combination of arm paddling and leg clamping, so as to facilitate the auxiliary exercise.

The floating plate 100 comprises two sides 101, the balancing part 200 is detachably or fixedly connected to each side 101, the balancing part 200 at least comprises a connecting part 201 which is made of rigid material and keeps the positions of the two sides 101 fixed, and a balancing belt 202 which is made of flexible material and extends downwards from the lower edge of the connecting part 201 and is of a sheet structure; a coaming plate 101a formed by the side edge 101 of the water beating plate is arranged around each side edge 101, the coaming plate 101a is of a rigid strip structure, an inward concave clamping groove 101b is formed in the lower side edge 101 of the coaming plate 101a, the connecting part 201 is provided with a plug part 201a which is used for being in plug-in fit with the clamping groove 101b, the plug part 201a further comprises a positioning part which is in limit fit with the lower edge of the coaming plate 101a, and a structure which is in plug-in fit with the clamping groove 101b through the plug part 201a and is positioned through the positioning part is formed; the skin piece 203 is positioned on the outer peripheral surfaces of the enclosing plate 101a and the connecting part 201, and the skin piece 203 corresponding to the enclosing plate 101a and the connecting part 201 is detachably connected through a zipper mechanism.

In the above or some embodiments, the lower edges of the balance bands 202 and the connecting portion 201 are detachable connecting structures, each of the balance bands 202 is a triangle or a triangle-like structure, and the balance bands 202 are made of a flexible silicone material. Particularly at the in-process of preventing toppling, flexible balanced area 202 is because the effect of aquatic showy, when the kickboard 100 will take place to turn on one's side, through one side balanced area 202 can through with the water between the frictional force, the suppression provides the effect that the kickboard 100 turned on one's side, and then promotes the stability of kickboard 100, promotes the equilibrium of exercise in-process health, more safe and reliable. Furthermore, the strap 202 can be removed during the initial period of exercise after overcoming the tension in the water.

The conventional floating board 100 has a fatal disadvantage that the buoyancy thereof is fixed, and some exercisers cannot be applied due to problems such as too large or too small buoyancy caused by the difference of body shapes. The adjusting part 300 is located between the two balancing parts 200 and connected with the balancing parts 200 or the bottom surface of the floating plate 100, the adjusting part 300 is of a bag-shaped structure and comprises a cavity with a detachable sealing plug located inside, the adjusting part 300 comprises a bottom part 303, a vertical surface part 301 and a top part 302, the bottom part 303 is of a streamline rigid structure, the vertical surface part 301 is located between the top part 302 and the bottom part 303, and the vertical surface part 301 is of a corrugated foldable structure, so that a structure that the distance between the bottom part 303 and the top part 302 can be adjusted relatively is formed. The bounding wall 101a inboard with the department that meets of kickboard 100 be equipped with the structure of connection can be dismantled to regulating part 300, bottom 303 constitutes for stereoplasm PVC, and the surface is the structure on arc surface, but beta structure comprises corrugated connection area, the corrugated connection area encloses to locate the border department between top 302, the bottom 303, forms the seal structure to saccular structure, forms the flexible connection structure between top 302 and the bottom 303 simultaneously.

The filling deformation rate at one end of the corrugated connecting band is larger than that at the other end, the adjusting part 300 is filled to form a streamline structure with one end of the bottom 303 higher than that at the other end, the filling deformation rate refers to that when the capsule is filled, the filler is water or air, and the length of the corrugated connecting band is divided by the length of the capsule which is not filled, so that the change degree of the front end and the rear end of the capsule when the capsule is filled with water or air is represented. The above-mentioned bladder functions to regulate buoyancy and enhance stability thereof, when the buoyancy of the floating plate 100 itself is small, the regulating portion 300 filled with all or part of air may be connected to the lower end of the floating plate 100 to increase the drainage area of the floating plate 100 when in use, thereby increasing the buoyancy thereof, of course, the air filling state of the regulating portion 300 may be adjusted as needed; when the stability of the floating plate 100 needs to be adjusted, part of air and water can be filled in the bag body, the dead weight of the water and the damping effect in the movement process of the bag body are utilized, the overall stability of the floating plate 100 is increased, and the technical effect of preventing overturning is achieved.

According to the anti-overturning floating plate, the anti-overturning effect of the floating plate 100 is improved by utilizing the balance parts 200 with the flexibility at the two sides, the floating plate 100 is more stably used, and the problem that a beginner overturns due to the fact that the body is tense and stiff is avoided; on the other hand, the adjusting part 300 adopted by the patent can realize the adjustment of the buoyancy so as to adapt to the conditions of different buoyancy requirements; in addition, in the scheme, the plane angle between the front end part 102 and the main body part 103 is realized through the lifting angle adjusting mechanism 400, so that the water pressing effect of the floating plate 100 can be improved, and the training is facilitated to stroke and advance; finally, the automatic winding type carrying strap 600 provided by the scheme can better adapt to different crowds and is more convenient to use.

Claims

1. The device for swimming training and learning comprises a floating plate (100), wherein the floating plate (100) comprises two side edges (101), and is characterized in that a balance part (200) is detachably or fixedly connected to each side edge (101), the balance part (200) at least comprises a connecting part (201) which is fixed in position by the two side edges (101) and is made of rigid materials, and a balance belt (202) which is of a sheet structure and is made of flexible materials and extends downwards from the lower edge of the connecting part (201); the adjusting part (300) is located between the two balancing parts (200) and connected with the balancing parts (200) or the bottom surface of the floating plate (100), the adjusting part (300) is of a bag-shaped structure and comprises a cavity with a detachable sealing plug located inside, the adjusting part (300) comprises a bottom part (303), a vertical surface part (301) and a top part (302), the bottom part (303) is of a streamline rigid structure, the vertical surface part (301) is located between the top part (302) and the bottom part (303), and the vertical surface part (301) is of a corrugated foldable structure, so that a structure with the distance between the bottom part (303) and the top part (302) capable of being adjusted relatively is formed.

2. The apparatus for training and learning swimming according to claim 1, wherein each side (101) encloses a coaming (101 a) formed by a side (101) of a water beating plate, the coaming (101 a) is of a rigid strip structure, the lower side (101) of the coaming (101 a) is provided with an inward concave clamping groove (101 b), the connecting part (201) is provided with a plug part (201 a) for being in plug-in fit with the clamping groove (101 b), the plug part (201 a) further comprises a positioning part in limit fit with the lower edge of the coaming (101 a), and a structure which is in plug-in fit with the clamping groove (101 b) through the plug part (201 a) and is positioned through the positioning part is formed; the zipper is characterized by further comprising a cover piece (203) located on the outer peripheral surfaces of the enclosing plate (101 a) and the connecting portion (201), and a detachable connecting structure is formed between the cover pieces (203) corresponding to the enclosing plate (101 a) and the connecting portion (201) through a zipper mechanism.

3. The apparatus for training swimming as claimed in claim 2, wherein the lower edge of the balance belt (202) and the connecting part (201) is a detachable connecting structure, each balance belt (202) is a triangle or triangle-like structure, and the balance belts (202) are made of flexible silica gel.

4. The apparatus for training swimming and learning according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 3, wherein a structure detachably connected with the adjusting part (300) is arranged at the joint of the inner side of the enclosing plate (101 a) and the floating plate (100), the bottom (303) is made of hard PVC, the surface of the bottom is in an arc-shaped surface structure, the foldable structure is made of corrugated connecting strips, the corrugated connecting strips are arranged at the edge between the top (302) and the bottom (303) in a surrounding manner to form a sealing structure for the bag-shaped structure, and a flexible connecting structure between the top (302) and the bottom (303) is formed.

5. The apparatus for training swimming according to claim 4, wherein the filling deformation rate of the corrugated connecting band is greater at one end than at the other end, and the adjusting part (300) is formed to be filled to form a streamline structure with one end higher and the other end of the bottom part (303).

6. An appliance for training swimming and learning according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3 and 5, wherein the floating plate (100) comprises a front end part (102) and a main body part (103), a lifting angle adjusting mechanism (400) for the front end part (102) is arranged between the front end part (102) and the main body part (103), the lifting angle adjusting mechanism comprises two fixed ends, a first fixed end (401) is fixedly positioned at the main body part (103), and a second fixed end (402) is fixedly positioned at the front end part (102); be equipped with flexible joint between first stiff end (401) and second stiff end (402), flexible joint is equipped with adjustment mechanism, forms the structure that the angle is adjustable between first stiff end (401), second stiff end (402) place plane.

7. An apparatus for training and learning swimming as claimed in claim 6, wherein the adjusting mechanism comprises a plurality of adjusting arms (404) hinged to each other by isosceles trapezoid-shaped connecting units (403), each connecting unit (403) is provided with a through hole for passing an adjusting wire, one end of the adjusting wire is fixedly connected to the first fixed end (401), the other end of the adjusting wire is connected to a winding drum (405), the winding drum (405) is driven to rotate by a driving mechanism (500) of the adjusting mechanism, and the driving mechanism (500) can drive the winding drum (405) to rotate and lock any position.

8. The apparatus for training and learning swimming according to claim 7, wherein the driving mechanism (500) comprises a rotating shaft (501) fixedly sleeved with the winding drum (405), a bevel gear train for driving the rotating shaft (501) to rotate, and a control rod (503) positioned in a driving gear (502) in the bevel gear train, a fixed cylinder (504) is sleeved in the control rod (503) through a blind hole, one end of the fixed cylinder (504) is fixedly installed at a set position, the apparatus further comprises a locking member (505) slidably sleeved in the fixed cylinder (504), the locking member (505) comprises a locking part (505 a) positioned at the end part and a sliding part (505 b) positioned in the fixed cylinder (504), a movably connected shifting lever (506) is arranged between the sliding part (505 b) and the inner wall of the inner hole of the control rod (503), and a shifting lever (506) is arranged at the fixed cylinder (504), the forming shifting rod (506) is fixedly hinged to the fixed cylinder (504), one end of the forming shifting rod is exposed and located at a control cam surface (507) at an inner hole of the control rod (503), the other end of the forming shifting rod is located at a shaft shoulder formed between the sliding part (505 b) and the locking part (505 a), a spring piece (508) in a compression state is arranged between the sliding part (505 b) and the fixed cylinder (504), and the forming shifting rod further comprises a return spring (509) located between the control rod (503) and the fixed cylinder (504).

9. The apparatus for training and learning swimming as claimed in claim 8, wherein the locking part (505 a) is a wedge structure with a pointed end, the corresponding rotating shaft (501) is provided with a locking groove (510) which is corresponding to the wedge and is arranged in a ring shape, the apparatus further comprises an outer fixing block, the outer fixing block is sleeved at the locking groove (510), the outer fixing block is a rectangular block structure, and the fixing cylinder (504) is fixedly installed at the outer fixing block (511).

10. An apparatus for training and learning swimming according to claim 9, further comprising a back strap (600), wherein the back strap (600) comprises a fixed reel (603) end (601) fixed at one side of the floating plate (100) and a clamping end detachably and fixedly connected with the other side of the floating plate (100); the end (601) of the fixed scroll (603) comprises a scroll barrel (602) and further comprises a scroll (603) positioned in the scroll barrel (602), the scroll (603) forms an automatically windable connection structure with the winding drum (405) through a scroll spring (605604), and the piggyback band (600) is wound at the scroll (603); the clamping end comprises a rigid rectangular clamping block (606) and a sunken groove corresponding to the clamping block (606) and located in the surface of the floating plate (100) and concaved inwards, and the upper end of the sunken groove extends towards the center to form a structure which limits the clamping block (606) and allows a strap (600) to pass through.