CN113540555B - Button type thick electrode battery - Google Patents
Button type thick electrode battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN113540555B CN113540555B CN202010310154.6A CN202010310154A CN113540555B CN 113540555 B CN113540555 B CN 113540555B CN 202010310154 A CN202010310154 A CN 202010310154A CN 113540555 B CN113540555 B CN 113540555B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
- H01M4/80—Porous plates, e.g. sintered carriers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention provides a secondary button type thick electrode battery and a preparation method thereof. The cladding of the porous positive current collecting layer to the side surface of the thick positive pole piece and the cladding of the porous negative current collecting layer to the side surface of the thick negative pole piece are realized by respectively extruding the porous positive current collecting layer and the porous negative current collecting layer through a first extruding part and a second extruding part of a sealing extruding piece in the assembling process. In addition, through the change of the internal structure and the preparation mode of the battery, the coated current collection of the positive electrode active conductive material layer and the negative electrode active conductive material layer is realized, the current collection effect is improved, and the charge and discharge performance is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of button cells, in particular to a secondary button thick-electrode cell.
Background
The button cell has the advantage of small volume, and is widely applied to consumer electronics. The primary button lithium manganese battery directly adopts the super-thick pole piece as the active layer, saves the use of a current collector, has the obvious advantages of large storage capacity and high energy density, but only carries out current collection through the current collecting net between the active layer and the shell, so the current collecting effect is poor, the discharge current is small, and the application scene is limited. Aiming at the problem that the primary button lithium-manganese battery can not be recycled, the development of the secondary button lithium-ion battery with higher energy density and longer cycle life is concerned. Current secondary button type lithium ion battery structure is mostly to place coiling formula or lamination formula electric core in the inside cavity that positive pole lid and negative pole lid formed, and the mode of rethread welding is fixed utmost point ear respectively on the inner wall of positive pole lid, negative pole lid. However, the current secondary button lithium ion battery has the defects of complex manufacturing steps and low storage capacity.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a secondary button type thick electrode battery, wherein a positive electrode shell is arranged on one side of a thick positive electrode plate, the other side and the side surface of the thick positive electrode plate are coated by a porous positive electrode current collecting layer, a negative electrode shell is arranged on one side of a thick negative electrode plate, and the other side and the side surface of the thick negative electrode plate are coated by a porous negative electrode current collecting layer. The coating of the porous positive electrode current collecting layer on the side face of the thick positive electrode pole piece and the coating of the porous negative electrode current collecting layer on the side face of the thick negative electrode pole piece are realized by respectively extruding the porous positive electrode current collecting layer and the porous negative electrode current collecting layer through a first extruding part and a second extruding part of a sealing extruding piece in the assembling process. In addition, through the change of the internal structure and the preparation mode of the battery, the coating type current collection of the positive electrode active conductive material layer and the negative electrode active conductive material layer is realized, the current collection effect is improved, and the charge and discharge performance is improved.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
according to the present invention, there is provided a button-type thick electrode battery comprising: a first housing having a side wall and a top surface; the second shell is provided with a side wall and a bottom surface, and the side wall of the first shell is positioned on the inner side of the side wall of the second shell; a first active conductive material layer disposed in the first housing, a plane of the first active conductive material layer being in conductive abutment with the top surface of the first housing; a porous first current collector layer provided with a first current collector layer planar portion covering the other plane of the first active conductive material layer and a first current collector layer bent portion covering a side surface of the first active conductive material layer by being bent from the first current collector layer planar portion; a second active conductive material layer disposed in the second housing, a plane of the second active conductive material layer being in conductive abutment with the bottom surface of the second housing; a porous second current collecting layer provided with a second current collecting layer planar portion covering the other plane of the second active conductive material layer and a second current collecting layer bent portion covering a side surface of the second active conductive material layer by being bent from the second current collecting layer planar portion; an isolation layer disposed between the porous first current collector layer and the porous second current collector layer; and the sealing extrusion piece is used for forming sealing between the first shell and the second shell, the sealing extrusion piece comprises a first extrusion part, an insulating isolation part, an insertion groove and a second extrusion part, the first extrusion part is positioned at the upper part of the sealing extrusion piece and positioned at the inner side of the insulating isolation part, the insertion groove used for being inserted into the side wall of the first shell is formed through a gap between the first extrusion part and the insulating isolation part, the inner wall of the first extrusion part is used for extruding and bending the first current collecting layer bending part of the porous first current collecting layer so as to enable the first current collecting layer bending part to wrap the side wall of the first active conductive material layer, the insulating isolation part is positioned between the outer surface of the side wall of the first shell and the inner surface of the side wall of the second shell and used for insulating and isolating the first shell and the second shell, the second extrusion part is positioned at the lower part of the sealing extrusion piece, and the inner wall of the second extrusion part is used for extruding and bending the second current collecting layer bending part of the porous second current collecting layer So that the second current collecting layer bent portion wraps the side wall of the second active conductive material layer.
The first active conductive material layer may be a negative active conductive material layer and the second active conductive material layer may be a positive active conductive material layer, or vice versa. The first active conductive material layer and the second active conductive material layer may be in the form of an electrode paste. In the liquid-free cell, the bulk porosity of the non-adhesively secured positive active conductive particles and/or the non-adhesively secured negative active conductive particles can be greater than 5% and less than 60%. In the case of being immersed in the electrolytic solution, the non-adhesively fixed positive electrode active conductive particles and/or the non-adhesively fixed negative electrode active conductive particles can move in the electrolytic solution and form a positive electrode slurry and/or a negative electrode slurry, respectively. The mass ratio of the positive electrode active conductive particles to the positive electrode slurry may be 10% to 90%, preferably 15% to 80%, and the mass ratio of the negative electrode active conductive particles to the negative electrode slurry may be 10% to 90%, preferably 15% to 80%. The average particle size of the positive active conductive particles can be 0.05-500 mu m, and the mass ratio of the positive active material to the conductive agent can be 20-98: 80-2; the average particle size of the negative active conductive particles can be 0.05-500 mu m, and the mass ratio of the negative lithium storage material to the conductive agent can be 20-98: 80-2. The positive active material may be lithium iron phosphate, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide, lithium vanadium oxide, lithium manganese-based oxide (lithium manganese chromium oxide, lithium manganese cobalt oxide, lithium manganese nickel oxide, lithium manganese copper oxide), V [ LiM ]O4(M ═ nickel or cobalt), polyatomic anion positive electrode material (VOPO)4NASICON, silicates, titanates, sulfates, borates, R-Li3Fe2(PO4)3、 Li3FeV(PO4)3、TiNb(PO4)3、LiFeNb(PO4)3) One or more of iron compounds, molybdenum oxides, and the like. The negative active material can be carbon-based negative material, nitride, silicon and silicide, tin-based oxide, selenide, alloy negative material, titanium oxide, transition metal oxide, phosphide or metallic lithium and the like; the carbon-based negative electrode material can comprise one or more of graphite, mesocarbon microbeads, graphitized carbon fibers, amorphous carbon materials, soft carbon, hard carbon, fullerene, carbon nano tubes, carbon-cobalt compounds, carbon-tin compounds, carbon-silicon compounds and the like; alloy-based negative electrode materialCan comprise one or more of tin-based alloy, silicon-based alloy, antimony-based alloy, germanium-based alloy, aluminum-based alloy, lead-based alloy and the like; the transition metal oxide may include one or more of cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, chromium oxide, manganese oxide, and the like. The conductive agent can be one or more of carbon black, ketjen black, graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, amorphous carbon, metal conductive particles and metal conductive fibers. The material of the metal conductive particles or fibers can be aluminum, stainless steel, silver or the like. The thickness of the positive electrode active conductive material layer may be 0.2mm to 7mm, preferably 1mm to 3mm, and the thickness of the negative electrode active conductive material layer may be 0.1mm to 3.5 mm, preferably 0.5mm to 1.5mm, thereby forming a thick electrode, even an ultra-thick electrode.
The porous first current collector layer may be a porous negative current collector layer and the porous second current collector layer may be a porous positive current collector layer, or vice versa. The porous positive current collecting layer may be an electron conductive layer having a thickness of 1 to 2000 μm, preferably 0.05 to 1000 μm, with a through-hole structure, the pore diameter of the positive current collecting layer may be 0.01 to 2000 μm, preferably 10 to 1000 μm, and the through-hole porosity may be 10 to 90%. The porous positive current collecting layer can be a conductive metal layer, the conductive metal layer is a metal net or a metal wire woven net, and meshes can be square, rhombic or rectangular; or the conductive metal layer is a foam metal net with a through hole structure; alternatively, the conductive metal layer is a porous metal plate or a porous metal foil, and the material of the conductive metal layer may be stainless steel, aluminum, silver, or the like. Or the porous positive current collecting layer can be carbon fiber conductive cloth or conductive cloth mixed by metal wires and organic fiber wires, the metal wires can be made of aluminum, alloy aluminum, stainless steel or silver, and the organic fiber wires can comprise one or more of natural cotton hemp, terylene, aramid fiber, nylon, polypropylene fiber, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, and the like. Or the porous positive current collecting layer is a metal conducting layer, a conducting cloth, an inorganic non-metal material and a porous organic material, the surface of the metal conducting layer is coated with a conducting coating or plated with a metal film, the conducting coating is a mixture of a conducting agent and a binder or the conducting coating is a mixture of a conducting agent, a positive active material and a binder, the mixing mode is bonding, spraying, evaporation or mechanical pressing, the porous organic material comprises natural cotton-flax, terylene, aramid fiber, nylon, polypropylene fiber, polyethylene and polytetrafluoroethylene, the inorganic non-metal material comprises glass fiber non-woven fabric and ceramic fiber paper, the conducting agent is one or more of carbon black, ketjen black, graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, amorphous carbon, metal conducting particles and metal conducting fibers, the metal conducting particles or the metal conducting fibers can be made of aluminum, stainless steel or silver, and the like, the binder can be polyvinyl chloride, aluminum, stainless steel or silver and the like, One or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyester terephthalate, polyamide, polyimide, polyether nitrile, polymethyl acrylate, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyurethane, polyacrylonitrile, styrene-butadiene rubber, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and modified polyolefin. Or the porous positive current collecting layer is a combination of any two or more of the above. The porous negative current collecting layer may be an electron conductive layer having a thickness of 1 to 2000 μm, preferably 0.05 to 1000 μm, with a through-hole structure, the pore diameter of the negative current collecting layer may be 0.01 to 2000 μm, preferably 10 to 1000 μm, and the through-hole porosity may be 10 to 90%. The porous negative current collecting layer can be a conductive metal layer, the conductive metal layer can be a metal net or a metal wire woven net, and meshes can be square, rhombic or rectangular; alternatively, the conductive metal layer may be a porous foam metal layer having a porous structure; alternatively, the conductive metal layer may be a porous metal plate or a porous metal foil, and the material of the conductive metal layer may be stainless steel, nickel, titanium, tin, copper, tin-plated copper, nickel-plated copper, or the like. Or the porous negative current collecting layer can be carbon fiber conductive cloth or conductive cloth mixed by metal wires and organic fiber wires, and the metal wires can be made of stainless steel, nickel, titanium, tin, copper, tin-plated copper or nickel-plated copper and the like; the organic fiber yarn comprises one or more of natural cotton and hemp, terylene, aramid fiber, nylon, polypropylene fiber, polyethylene and polytetrafluoroethylene. Or, the porous negative current collecting layer may be a metal conductive layer with a conductive coating or a metal film coated thereon, a conductive cloth, an inorganic non-metallic material, a porous organic material, the conductive coating may be a composite of a conductive agent and a binder or a conductive agent, and a negative lithium storage active material and a binder, the composite mode may be bonding, spraying, evaporating or mechanical pressing, the porous organic material may include natural cotton, polyester, aramid, nylon, polypropylene, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc., the inorganic non-metallic material may include glass fiber non-woven fabric, ceramic fiber paper, etc., the conductive film may be stainless steel, nickel, titanium, tin, copper, tin-plated copper, nickel-plated copper, etc., the conductive agent may be one or more of carbon black, ketjen black, graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, amorphous carbon, metal conductive particles and metal conductive fibers, the metal conductive particles or the metal conductive fibers can be made of stainless steel, nickel, titanium, tin, copper, tin-plated copper or nickel-plated copper and the like, and the binder can be one or more of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyterephthalate, polyamide, polyimide, polyether nitrile, polymethyl acrylate, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyurethane, polyacrylonitrile, styrene-butadiene rubber, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and modified polyolefin. Alternatively, the porous negative current collector layer may be a combination of any two or more of the above.
A plane of the first active conductive material layer is adjacent to the first shell in a conductive mode. Another plane of the first active conductive material layer opposite to the one plane and a side surface of the first active conductive material layer are respectively adjacent to the first current collecting layer planar portion and the first current collecting layer bent portion of the porous first current collecting layer in an electrically conductive manner. At least a part of the first current collector layer, for example the edge of the first current collector bend of the first current collector layer, is in electrically conductive abutment with the first housing, so that current collection is provided simultaneously on both planes and sides of the first active electrically conductive material layer, which is particularly advantageous for current collection of thick electrodes. The shape and the size of the first current collecting layer plane part of the porous first current collecting layer are approximately the same as those of the plane of the first active conductive material layer, and the width of the first current collecting layer bent part of the porous first current collecting layer is larger than or equal to the height of the first active conductive material layer, so that the first current collecting layer bent part can completely coat the side surface of the first active conductive material layer. Before the battery is prepared, the first current collecting layer plane part and the first current collecting layer bending part of the porous first current collecting layer are positioned on the same plane; in the process of manufacturing the battery, the first current collecting layer bent portion is press-bent using the first pressing portion of the sealing pressing member, so that the porous first current collecting layer is formed in a cylindrical or disk shape. By coating the porous first current collector layer on the first active conductive material layer, the first active conductive material layer can be well pocketed to ensure that the first active conductive material layer is not displaced, deformed and powder-tight, and to ensure that the first active conductive material layer can always keep conductive contact with the first shell, in addition to being beneficial to the current collection effect. Similarly, a plane of the second active conductive material layer is adjacent to the second shell in a conductive manner. The other plane of the second active conductive material layer opposite to the one plane and the side surface of the second active conductive material layer are respectively adjacent to the second current collector plane part and the second current collector bent part of the porous second current collector layer in a conductive manner. At least a portion of the second current collector layer, for example an edge of the second current collector bend of the second current collector layer, is in electrically conductive abutment with the second housing, so that current collection is provided simultaneously on both planes and sides of the second active, electrically conductive material layer. The shape and the size of the plane part of the second current collecting layer of the porous second current collecting layer are approximately the same as those of the plane of the second active conductive material layer, and the width of the bent part of the second current collecting layer of the porous second current collecting layer is larger than or equal to the height of the second active conductive material layer, so that the bent part of the second current collecting layer can completely coat the side surface of the second active conductive material layer. Before the battery is prepared, a second current collecting layer plane part and a second current collecting layer bent part of the porous second current collecting layer are positioned on the same plane; in the process of manufacturing the battery, the second current collecting layer bent portion is press-bent using the second pressing portion of the sealing pressing member, so that the porous second current collecting layer is formed in a cylindrical or disk shape. By coating the porous second current collecting layer on the second active conductive material layer, the second active conductive material layer can be well pocketed to ensure that the second active conductive material layer is not displaced, deformed and powder-tight, and the second active conductive material layer can be kept in conductive contact with the second shell all the time, besides the current collecting effect is facilitated.
The first current collecting layer plane portion and the first current collecting layer bending portion of the porous first current collecting layer may not have an obvious boundary, and the porous first current collecting layer may be a circular structure as a whole, and the edge of the circular structure is bent as the first current collecting layer bending portion by extrusion bending. The first collector layer planar portion and the first collector layer bend portion may also have a distinct difference, for example, the first collector layer bend portion may be a discontinuous or partially continuous structure radiating outwardly from the first collector layer planar portion. The first current collecting layer bending part can be a plurality of discontinuous structures or partially continuous structures such as a plurality of triangles, a plurality of rectangles, a plurality of trapezoids, a plurality of semi-circles and the like, so that the generation of wrinkles caused by bending of the continuous material can be avoided when the first current collecting layer bending part is bent. Likewise, the second collecting layer plane portion and the second collecting layer bent portion of the porous second collecting layer may have no distinct boundary, and the porous second collecting layer may have a circular structure as a whole, and the edge of the circular structure may be bent as the second collecting layer bent portion by pressing and bending. The second current collector layer planar portion and the second current collector layer bend portion may also have a distinct difference, for example, the second current collector layer bend portion may be a discontinuous or partially continuous structure radiating outwardly from the second current collector layer planar portion. The second current collecting layer bending part can be a plurality of discontinuous structures or partially continuous structures such as a plurality of triangles, a plurality of rectangles, a plurality of trapezoids, a plurality of semi-circles and the like, so that the generation of wrinkles caused by bending of the continuous material can be avoided when the second current collecting layer bending part is bent. The first current collecting layer bending part and the second current collecting layer bending part can be extruded and bent by the sealing extrusion piece in the battery assembling process; the first current collecting layer bent part and the second current collecting layer bent part can also be pre-bent before the battery is assembled, then the current collecting layer bent part is pressed tightly by a sealing extrusion piece in the assembling process to be close to the active conductive material layer, the assembling process can be simpler and more convenient through the pre-bent current collecting layer bent part, and the pre-bent process can particularly use larger pressing force to compact wrinkles, so that the active conductive material layer cannot be tightly attached, wherein the wrinkles are prevented from being warped.
In order to simplify the preparation process, the separating layer can be fixedly connected with the porous first collecting layer or fixedly connected with the porous second collecting layer; alternatively, the separator layer may include a first separator layer fixedly connected to the porous first current collector layer and a second separator layer fixedly connected to the porous second current collector layer. This reduces the number of steps for laminating the separator during the manufacturing process and also prevents displacement between the separator and the porous current collector during the extrusion process. The separator, the first separator, and the second separator herein may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure.
Except that the sealed extruded article plays the effect of carrying out the extrusion to first mass flow layer kink and second mass flow layer kink in battery preparation process, still play and carry out insulating seal's effect between the first casing of the battery of accomplishing to the preparation and the second casing, wherein, first extrusion portion mainly used extrudes the buckling to first mass flow layer kink, second extrusion portion mainly used extrudes the buckling to second mass flow layer kink, insulating between insulating isolation portion mainly used first casing and the second casing, the overall structure of the sealed extruded article that is equipped with the inserting groove mainly is used for the sealing connection between the casing. By the sealing extrusion piece, when the side wall of the first shell is inserted into the insertion groove, the first extrusion part positioned on the inner side of the insertion groove extrudes and bends the bent part of the first current collecting layer; when the first shell inserted with the sealing extrusion piece is downwards inserted into the second shell, the second extrusion part positioned at the lower part of the sealing extrusion piece extrudes and bends the bent part of the second current collecting layer; the insulating isolation part positioned between the side wall of the first shell and the side wall of the second shell forms insulating isolation between the first shell and the second shell; the battery case is sealed by the sealing pressing member at the connecting portion of the first case and the second case by pressing the side wall of the second case, that is, the sealing of the case is achieved by elastic deformation of the sealing pressing member by the pressing force of the side wall of the second case.
But first extrusion portion, second extrusion portion and the insulating isolation portion integrated into one piece of sealed extruded article form the inserting groove that is used for inserting the lateral wall of first casing between first extrusion portion and second extrusion portion, and integrated into one piece's sealed extruded article's material can adopt insulating material. Or, the first extrusion part and the second extrusion part may be integrally formed, and the insulating isolation part is fixedly connected to the first extrusion part and/or the second extrusion part, so that the first extrusion part and the second extrusion part may be made of the same material and made of different materials from the insulating isolation part, and thus different materials may be used for different portions of extrusion and insulation, for example, the first extrusion part and the second extrusion part are made of materials with certain hardness and rigidity, and the insulating isolation part is made of insulating materials. Or, first extrusion portion and insulating separator integrated into one piece, first extrusion portion and insulating separator fixed connection in second extrusion portion more are favorable to the more complicated condition of inner wall shape of first extrusion portion and second extrusion portion like this, and first extrusion portion and insulating separator adopt insulating material this moment, and second extrusion portion can adopt the material that has certain hardness and rigidity. Or, the first extrusion part and the insulating isolation part are respectively and fixedly connected to the second extrusion part, so that the complex shapes of the inner walls of the first extrusion part and the second extrusion part are more facilitated, and meanwhile, different materials can be adopted for the first extrusion part and the insulating isolation part, for example, the first extrusion part and the second extrusion part are made of materials with certain hardness and rigidity, and the insulating isolation part is made of insulating materials. The material with certain hardness and rigidity can be one or more of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, stainless steel, nickel, titanium, tin, copper, aluminum, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, modified polyolefin and the like, and the insulating material can be one or more of polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, modified polyolefin and the like. When the first extrusion part and the second extrusion part are made of metal materials, the first extrusion part and the second extrusion part are insulated.
In an embodiment of the sealing extrusion, the first extrusion, the second extrusion and the insulating isolation may all be of an annular configuration, the first extrusion being located inside the insulating isolation and the second extrusion being located below the first extrusion and the insulating isolation. In other words, the first pressing part and the insulating partition part are located at an upper portion of the sealing pressing member, and the second pressing part is located at a lower portion of the sealing pressing member. In another embodiment of the sealing extrusion member, the first extrusion portion, the second extrusion portion and the insulating isolation portion may all be of an annular structure, the first extrusion portion being located above the second extrusion portion, the first extrusion portion and the second extrusion portion being located inside the insulating isolation portion. In other words, the first pressing part and the second pressing part are located at an inner ring of the sealing pressing member, the insulation separating part is located at an outer ring of the sealing pressing member, the first pressing part is located at an upper portion of the sealing pressing member, the second pressing part is located at a lower portion of the sealing pressing member, and the first pressing part and the second pressing part may be an integrated structure. The ring structure herein may be a continuous ring structure or may be a discontinuous ring structure. The first extrusion part and/or the second extrusion part of the discontinuous ring structure can facilitate the extrusion of the bending part of the current collecting layer, and the discontinuous part can also be used as a cavity for storing electrolyte.
In order to enable the extrusion part to extrude the bent part of the current collecting layer more easily or enable the extrusion part of the current collecting layer after extrusion bending to be more attached to the side wall of the active conductive material layer, the inner wall of the first extrusion part and/or the inner wall of the second extrusion part of the sealing extrusion piece can be set to be an inclined plane or an arc surface. Specifically, the first and second pressing portions, particularly the inner walls of the first and second pressing portions, respectively press the first and second current collecting layer bending portions. Since the folds of the collector layer occur during the bending process, the pressing down of the press can be impeded. In addition, the bent portion of the current collecting layer, in which wrinkles are generated, may result in failure to completely adhere to the active conductive material layer. The inner wall of the inclined surface or the cambered surface is more favorable for smooth pressing of the extrusion part, and the inclined surface or the cambered surface with the protruding part is more favorable for compressing the bending part of the current collecting layer to the active conductive material layer. The inner walls of the first extrusion part and the second extrusion part can be inclined planes with different inclination directions, and the cross sections of the inner walls of the first extrusion part and the second extrusion part can also be cambered surfaces such as a semicircle, a sector, a sawtooth shape, a wave shape and the like.
In order to make the battery in a liquid-rich state, a liquid storage part may be provided on an inner wall of the first pressing part and/or the second pressing part of the sealing pressing member. The reservoir may be a hole, slot, cavity, or the like. The hole, the groove or the cavity can store electrolyte and is communicated with the inner cavity of the battery shell, and when the electrolyte is consumed due to the electrochemical reaction of the battery core, the electrolyte in the hole, the groove or the cavity can timely supplement the battery core. Alternatively, the material of the first/second pressing part of the sealing pressing member may be a porous material, and the pores of the porous material leading to the inner cavity of the battery case may also serve as a liquid storage. By using the liquid storage part of the sealing extrusion member, the electrolyte can be stored inside the battery, so that the service life of the battery can be prolonged.
The first shell can be internally provided with a first limiting ring which can be fixedly connected to the inner surface of the first shell to limit the position of the first active conductive material layer in the first limiting ring; and/or a second limiting ring can be arranged in the second shell, and the second limiting ring can be fixedly connected to the inner surface of the second shell to limit the position of the second active conductive material layer in the second limiting ring. That is to say, set up the spacing ring on at least one in first casing and second casing, spacing ring fixed connection is in the casing or with casing integrated into one piece, and the spacing ring can be the ring body of continuous structure, also can be discontinuous structure or partial continuous structure, sets up active conducting material layer in the spacing ring, can guarantee from the skew of active conducting material layer in battery assembling process from this. The difficulty of the battery assembling process is reduced, and the yield of the battery is improved. Preferably, the height of the stop collar is approximately equal to the height of the active conductive material layer, so that a shape-retaining effect can be achieved for thicker active conductive material layers, in particular for the electrode paste layer. In addition, the material of the limiting ring is preferably a conductive material, so that the limiting ring can also play a role of collecting current together.
According to the present invention there is also provided a method of making a thick electrode button cell as described above, comprising: a first step of placing a first active conductive material layer in a first shell, and coating a porous first current collecting layer on the surface of the first active conductive material layer, wherein the first active conductive material layer is preferably a first active conductive material layer which is soaked by electrolyte; secondly, inserting the side wall of the first shell into an insertion groove of a sealing extrusion piece, and extruding and coating a first current collecting layer bent part of the porous first current collecting layer on the side surface of the first active conductive material layer by utilizing a first extrusion part of an extrusion sealing piece; thirdly, placing a second active conductive material layer in a second shell, and covering the surface of the second active conductive material layer with a porous second current collecting layer, wherein the second active conductive material layer is preferably a second active conductive material layer which is soaked by electrolyte; and fourthly, inserting the first shell with the built-in first active conductive material layer and the porous first current collecting layer into a second shell, extruding and coating the bent part of the second current collecting layer of the porous second current collecting layer on the side surface of the second active conductive material layer by utilizing a second extruding part of the extruding and sealing element, and simultaneously enabling the insulating and isolating part of the extruding and sealing element to be positioned between the outer surface of the side wall of the first shell and the inner surface of the side wall of the second shell. When the separating layer and the porous current collecting layer are compounded into a whole, the step of placing the separating layer can be omitted. If the separator is a separate component, the separator may be applied to the surface of the porous second current collecting layer after the porous second current collecting layer is applied to the surface of the second active conductive material layer in the third step. In addition, in order to enhance the sealing effect, a sealant may be coated on the sealing extrusion member, or the sealing extrusion member may be extruded by pressing the sidewall of the second housing. In addition, in order to ensure a rich state of the cell, a sufficient amount of electrolyte may be dropped into the second case before the first case in which the first active conductive material layer and the porous first current collecting layer are built is inserted into the second case in the fourth step.
It should be noted that the directional terms such as up, down, left, right, etc. in the present invention are only used for clarity of presentation and do not serve any limiting purpose.
The invention has the advantages that:
1) the positive active conductive material layer and the negative active conductive material layer both adopt a thick pole piece form, so that the utilization rate of the space of the inner cavity of the battery shell is improved, and the energy density is improved;
2) the coating type current collection of the positive electrode active conductive material layer and the negative electrode active conductive material layer through the porous current collection layer can obviously improve the current collection effect, improve the charge and discharge performance, prevent the displacement, deformation or powder leakage of the positive electrode active conductive material layer and the negative electrode active conductive material layer and ensure that the active conductive material layers are always in conductive contact with the shell;
3) the battery can be sealed by the sealing extrusion piece, and the active conductive material layer is coated by the porous current collecting layer by the sealing extrusion piece, so that the preparation process is simplified, the preparation procedures and preparation equipment are reduced, and the automatic production is easy to realize;
4) the liquid storage part is arranged on the sealed extrusion piece, so that electrolyte can be stored in the battery, and the electrolyte consumed by electrochemical reaction can be supplemented in time, and the service life of the battery is prolonged;
5) Through set up the spacing ring in the casing, can reduce the battery assembly process degree of difficulty, improve the yields of battery.
Drawings
Fig. 1(a) -1(d) are schematic diagrams illustrating a process for preparing a button-type thick-electrode battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 2(a) -2(f) are schematic cross-sectional views of sealing extrusions of various embodiments of thick electrode button cells according to the present invention;
fig. 3(a) -3(c) are schematic diagrams of porous current collector layers for various embodiments of thick electrode button cells according to the present invention.
List of reference numerals
1 a-first casing
1 b-second housing
2 a-first active conductive Material layer
2 b-second active conductive Material layer
3 a-porous first current collector layer
3 b-porous second current collector
301-current collector layer bend
302-collector plane part
4-isolation layer
5-sealing extrusion
501-inserting groove
502-first extrusion
503-second extrusion
504-insulating spacer
505-groove
506-cavity
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained by embodiments in conjunction with the drawings.
Fig. 1(a) -1(d) are schematic views illustrating a process for preparing a button-type thick-electrode battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. In fig. 1(a) is shown an exploded view of the various components of a thick electrode cell of the button type comprising a first casing 1a, a second casing 1b, a first active conductive material layer 2a, a second active conductive material layer 2b, a porous first current collector layer 3a, a porous second current collector layer 3b, a separator layer 4 and a sealing extrusion 5. Wherein, the material of the first shell 1a and the second shell 1b can be stainless steel; the first active conductive material layer 2a is a negative electrode slurry layer, the negative electrode active material in the negative electrode slurry is graphite particles, the thickness of the first active conductive material layer 2a is 1.6mm, the second active conductive material layer 2b is a positive electrode slurry layer, the positive electrode active material in the positive electrode slurry is lithium iron phosphate particles, and the thickness of the second active conductive material layer 2b is 3.2 mm; the material of the porous first current collecting layer 3a is a metal copper net, the diameter (maximum diameter) of the porous first current collecting layer 3a is larger than the sum of the diameter and the height of the first active conductive material layer 2a, the material of the porous second current collecting layer 3b is a porous aluminum net, and the diameter (maximum diameter) of the porous second current collecting layer 3b is larger than the sum of the diameter and the height of the second active conductive material layer 2 b; the diameter of the spacer layer 4 is larger than the diameter of the active conductive material layer and smaller than the diameter of the porous current collector layer.
A schematic of the assembly of the sealing extrusion with the first housing subassembly is shown in fig. 1 (b). First, the first active conductive material layer 2a is placed inside the first casing 1a so that the lower plane of the first active conductive material layer 2a is in conductive abutment with the planar portion of the first casing. Then, the porous first current collecting layer 3a is disposed above the first active conductive material layer 2 a. Next, the side wall of the first housing is inserted into the insertion groove 501 of the sealing pressing member while the sealing pressing member 5 is moved downward relative to the first housing 1a, so that the first pressing portion 502 of the sealing pressing member press-bends the first current collecting layer bent portion of the porous first current collecting layer 3 a. After the sealing extrusion member 5 is pressed down, the first current collecting layer plane part of the porous first current collecting layer 3a is brought into conductive abutment with the upper plane of the first active conductive material layer 2a, the first current collecting layer bent part is brought into conductive abutment with the side face of the first active conductive material layer 2a, and the edge of the first current collecting layer bent part is brought into conductive abutment with the first case 1a, thereby forming a first case subassembly including the first case 1a, the first active conductive material layer 2a, and the porous first current collecting layer 3 a.
A schematic assembly of the first and second housing subassemblies is shown in fig. 1 (c). First, the second active conductive material layer 2b is placed inside the second casing 1b so that the lower plane of the second active conductive material layer 2b is in conductive abutment with the planar portion of the second casing. Then, the porous second current collecting layer 3b is disposed above the second active conductive material layer 2b, and the separator 4 is disposed above the porous second current collecting layer 3 b. A sufficient amount of the electrolytic solution is dropped into the second case 1 b. Next, the first case subassembly to which the sealing extrusion member 5 is inserted is turned over and moved downward with respect to the second case 1b so that the insulating partition 504 of the sealing extrusion member is located between the outer surface of the side wall of the first case 1a and the inner surface of the side wall of the second case 1b, while the second extrusion portion 503 of the sealing extrusion member is pressed into the second case 1b to extrude the second current collecting layer bent portion of the porous second current collecting layer 3b and the edge of the separator 4. After the sealing extrusion piece 5 and the first shell subassembly are pressed downwards, the second current collecting layer plane part of the porous second current collecting layer 3b is in conductive abutting joint with the upper plane of the second active conductive material layer 2b, the second current collecting layer bent part is in conductive abutting joint with the side face of the second active conductive material layer 2b, the edge of the second current collecting layer bent part is in conductive abutting joint with the second shell 1b, and the isolation layer 4 is located between the porous first current collecting layer 3a and the porous second current collecting layer 3b, so that the second shell subassembly comprising the second shell 1b, the second active conductive material layer 2b and the porous second current collecting layer 3b is assembled with the first shell subassembly.
Fig. 1(d) shows an overall schematic diagram of the first and second case subassemblies after they are assembled into a battery. The sidewalls of the second case 1b are pressed by an external force pressing means such as a sealing machine so that the sidewalls of the second case 1b press the sealing pressing member 5, which is at least partially elastic, and the sealing performance of the assembled battery is further ensured by the elastic deformation of the sealing pressing member 5.
Fig. 2(a) -2(f) are schematic cross-sectional views of sealing extrusions in accordance with various embodiments of thick electrode button cells of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2(a), the sealing extrusion is of an integrally molded structure, the first extrusion part 502 and the insulating isolation part 504 are located at the upper part of the sealing extrusion, the second extrusion part 503 is located at the lower part of the sealing extrusion, and the material of the sealing extrusion is acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer. As shown in fig. 2(b), the first pressing portion 502 and the second pressing portion 503 are integrally formed, the insulating isolation portion 504 is fixedly connected to the second pressing portion 503 and located outside the first pressing portion 502, and a plug portion is formed between the first pressing portion 502 and the insulating isolation portion 504, and the width of the plug portion is substantially the same as the thickness of the sidewall of the first housing, and preferably, the width of the plug portion is slightly smaller than the thickness of the sidewall of the first housing so as to form a tight fit. The first extrusion part 502 and the second extrusion part 503 are made of polyethylene terephthalate, and the insulating isolation part 504 is made of polypropylene. As shown in fig. 2(c), the sealing extrusion member is an integrally formed structure, which is different from the embodiment shown in fig. 2(a) in that a plurality of grooves 505 are formed on the inner walls of the first extrusion part 502 and the second extrusion part 503 of the sealing extrusion member, and the grooves 505 can store electrolyte, so that the battery is in a liquid-rich state. As shown in fig. 2(d), the first extrusion part 502 and the second extrusion part 503 are integrally formed, and the insulating isolation part 504 is fixedly connected to the second extrusion part 503 and located outside the first extrusion part 502, wherein a cavity 506 is provided on the inner walls of the integrally formed first extrusion part 502 and second extrusion part 503, and the cavity 506 is in fluid communication with the battery cavity, so that the electrolyte stored in the cavity 506 can timely replenish the battery cavity. As shown in fig. 2 (e), the sealing extrusion is an integrally formed structure, and the inner walls of the first extrusion portion 502 and the second extrusion portion 503 are curved surfaces. The thickness of the end of the first extrusion part 502 is smaller than the thickness of the part of the first extrusion part 502 adjacent to the second extrusion part 503, so that the cross section of the first extrusion part 502 is approximately wedge-shaped, and the first extrusion part 502 can be more favorably pressed between the side wall of the first shell and the first current collecting layer bent part of the porous first current collecting layer; the thickness of the end of the second pressing portion 503 is smaller than the thickness of the portion of the second pressing portion 503 adjacent to the first pressing portion 502, so that the cross section of the second pressing portion 503 is approximately wedge-shaped, and smooth pressing of the second pressing portion 503 into the space between the side wall of the second case and the second current collecting layer bent portion of the porous second current collecting layer may be facilitated. As shown in fig. 2(f), the first pressing portion 502 and the second pressing portion 503 are integrally formed, the insulating isolation portion 504 is fixedly connected to the second pressing portion 503 and located outside the first pressing portion 502, the inner wall of the first pressing portion 502 and the inner wall of the second pressing portion 503 are inclined surfaces in different directions, the first pressing portion 502 and the second pressing portion 503 respectively have a protruding portion due to the inclination of the inner walls, and the current collecting layer bent portion can be better pressed by the protruding portion, so that the current collecting layer bent portion is tightly attached to the side surface of the active conductive material layer.
Fig. 3(a) -3(c) are schematic illustrations of porous current collector layers of various embodiments of thick electrode button cells according to the invention. As shown in fig. 3(a), the collector layer bent portion 301 (the portion outside the dotted line) of the porous collector layer may have a partially continuous structure, the bottoms of the plurality of triangles are continuous with each other, and the tops of the plurality of triangles are disconnected from each other, so that the partially continuous collector layer bent portion 301 may reduce the generation of wrinkles when bent, thereby being more conformable to the side surface of the active conductive material layer. As shown in fig. 3(b), the current collector bent portion 301 (the outer portion of the dotted line) of the porous current collector layer may have a discontinuous structure, and a plurality of trapezoids are disconnected from each other, so that the discontinuous current collector bent portion 301 may reduce wrinkles when bent, thereby being more conformable to the side surface of the active conductive material layer. As shown in fig. 3(c), the separator 4 and the porous first current collector layer and/or the porous second current collector layer are combined together to form an integral composite structure, the dotted line part shows the boundary between the current collector layer planar part 302 and the current collector layer bent part 301, the diameter of the separator 4 is larger than that of the current collector layer planar part 302, and the current collector layer bent part 301 may be a continuous ring shape. The porous current collecting layer can be pretreated in a manner of pre-bending from the dotted line, so that the assembly process of the battery is simpler and more convenient.
The specific embodiments of the present invention are not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify equivalent embodiments, using the means and techniques disclosed above, without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the protection of the technical solution of the present invention, unless the contents of the technical solution of the present invention are departed.
Claims (11)
1. A thick electrode cell button, comprising:
a first housing having a side wall and a top surface;
the second shell is provided with a side wall and a bottom surface, and the side wall of the first shell is positioned on the inner side of the side wall of the second shell;
a first active conductive material layer disposed in the first housing, a plane of the first active conductive material layer in conductive abutment with the top surface of the first housing;
a porous first current collector layer provided with a first current collector layer planar portion covering another plane of the first active conductive material layer and a first current collector layer bent portion covering a side of the first active conductive material layer by being bent from the first current collector layer planar portion;
A second active conductive material layer disposed in the second housing, a plane of the second active conductive material layer being in conductive abutment with a bottom surface of the second housing;
a porous second current collector layer provided with a second current collector layer planar portion that covers another plane of the second active conductive material layer and a second current collector layer bent portion that covers a side of the second active conductive material layer by being bent from the second current collector layer planar portion;
an isolation layer disposed between the porous first current collector layer and the porous second current collector layer; and the number of the first and second groups,
the sealing extrusion piece is used for forming sealing between the first shell and the second shell and comprises a first extrusion part, an insulating isolation part, an insertion groove and a second extrusion part, the first extrusion part is positioned at the upper part of the sealing extrusion piece and positioned on the inner side of the insulating isolation part, the insertion groove is used for inserting the side wall of the first shell through a gap between the first extrusion part and the insulating isolation part, the inner wall of the first extrusion part is used for extruding and bending the first current collecting layer bending part of the porous first current collecting layer so as to enable the first current collecting layer bending part to wrap the side wall of the first active conductive material layer, and the insulating isolation part is positioned between the outer surface of the side wall of the first shell and the inner surface of the side wall of the second shell and used for insulating and isolating the first shell and the second shell, the second extrusion part is located at the lower part of the sealing extrusion part, and the inner wall of the second extrusion part is used for extruding and bending the second current collecting layer bending part of the porous second current collecting layer, so that the second current collecting layer bending part coats the side wall of the second active conductive material layer.
2. The button type thick electrode battery according to claim 1, wherein the first pressing part, the second pressing part and the insulating spacer of the sealing pressing member are integrally formed; or the first extrusion part and the second extrusion part are integrally formed, and the insulating isolation part is fixedly connected to the first extrusion part and/or the second extrusion part; or the first extrusion part and the insulating isolation part are integrally formed, and the first extrusion part and the insulating isolation part are fixedly connected to the second extrusion part; or the first extrusion part and the insulation isolation part are respectively fixedly connected to the second extrusion part.
3. The button-type thick-electrode battery according to claim 1, wherein the first extrusion part, the second extrusion part and the insulating isolation part are all in a ring structure, the first extrusion part is positioned at the inner side of the insulating isolation part, and the second extrusion part is positioned below the first extrusion part and the insulating isolation part; or, the first extrusion part, the second extrusion part and the insulating isolation part are all of an annular structure, the first extrusion part is located above the second extrusion part, and the first extrusion part and the second extrusion part are located on the inner side of the insulating isolation part.
4. The button-type thick-electrode battery according to claim 1, wherein the first extrusion part and the second extrusion part are made of one or more of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, stainless steel, nickel, titanium, tin, copper, aluminum, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene and modified polyolefin, and the insulating isolation part is made of one or more of polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene and modified polyolefin.
5. The button type thick electrode battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inner wall of the first pressing part and/or the second pressing part of the sealing pressing member is an inclined surface or a cambered surface.
6. The button type thick-electrode battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a liquid reservoir is provided on the inner wall of the first pressing part/the second pressing part of the sealing pressing member, the liquid reservoir being a hole, a groove or a cavity; alternatively, the material of the first pressing part and/or the second pressing part of the sealing pressing member is a porous material.
7. The thick button electrode battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first current collecting layer bent part is a discontinuous structure or a partially continuous structure radiating outwards from the first current collecting layer plane part; and the second current collecting layer bent part is a discontinuous structure or a partial continuous structure radiating outwards from the second current collecting layer plane part.
8. The button thick electrode battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the separator layer is fixed to the porous first current collector layer or the separator layer is fixed to the porous second current collector layer; or the isolation layer comprises a first isolation layer and a second isolation layer, the first isolation layer is fixedly connected with the porous first current collecting layer, and the second isolation layer is fixedly connected with the porous second current collecting layer.
9. The button-type thick electrode battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a first limiting ring is arranged in the first shell, and the first limiting ring is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the first shell to limit the position of the first active conductive material layer in the first limiting ring; and/or a second limiting ring is arranged in the second shell and fixedly connected to the inner surface of the second shell to limit the position of the second active conductive material layer in the second limiting ring.
10. A method of making a thick electrode button cell battery according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: the method comprises the following steps of firstly, placing a first active conductive material layer in a first shell, and covering a porous first current collecting layer on the surface of the first active conductive material layer; secondly, inserting the side wall of the first shell into the insertion groove of the sealing extrusion piece, and extruding and coating the bent part of the first current collecting layer of the porous first current collecting layer on the side surface of the first active conductive material layer by using the first extrusion part of the sealing extrusion piece; a third step of placing a second active conductive material layer in a second housing and coating a porous second current collecting layer on the surface of the second active conductive material layer; and fourthly, inserting the first shell with the built-in first active conductive material layer and the porous first current collecting layer into the second shell, extruding and coating the bent part of the second current collecting layer of the porous second current collecting layer on the side surface of the second active conductive material layer by using the second extruding part of the extruding sealing element, and simultaneously enabling the insulating isolation part of the extruding sealing element to be positioned between the outer side of the side wall of the first shell and the inner side of the side wall of the second shell.
11. The method for preparing a thick button electrode battery according to claim 10, wherein, in the third step, after a porous second current collecting layer is coated on the surface of the second active conductive material layer, a separation layer is coated on the surface of the porous second current collecting layer.
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Address after: No. 1, 1st Floor, Building 4, No. 10, South 3rd Road, Shodu, Wuhou District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, 610043 Patentee after: Haofengguang Energy storage (Chengdu) Co.,Ltd. Address before: 1711, 17th floor, building 2, yard 1, Shangdi 10th Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100085 Patentee before: Beijing Hawaga Power Storage Technology Co.,Ltd. |