CN113536478A - Analysis method for dimension chain of three-dimensional circle of complex transmission mechanism - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for analyzing a dimension chain of a three-dimensional complex transmission mechanism, which comprises the following steps: s1, establishing a size chain analysis model, and setting the tolerance of each component ring and a closed ring; s2, establishing a three-dimensional size chain model by using a Teamcenter VSA dimension chain analysis tool, and then setting simulation times, tolerance ranges and whether to visually display parameters; s3, analyzing influence factors of all component rings, and implementing precision optimization distribution, and the invention relates to the technical field of structure and mechanism precision design. The invention solves the problems that the prior drive mechanism design often refers to successful product experience and lacks a systematic precision allocation method as guidance, so that the processing difficulty, the cost and the rejection rate of parts are increased, and the batch production is not facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of structure and mechanism precision design, in particular to a method for analyzing a three-dimensional size chain of a complex transmission mechanism.
Background
The transmission mechanism is an important component of the motion mechanism, and realizes the transmission of power from the driving source to the actuating mechanism. Limited by part machining accuracy and assembly errors, the end of the actuator will have some mechanical zero position offset and clearance. At present, the successful product experience is often used for reference in the design of a transmission mechanism, and a systematic precision distribution method is not used as guidance, so that the processing difficulty, the cost and the rejection rate of parts are increased, and the mass production is not facilitated.
Therefore, it is necessary to perform dimension chain analysis for the mechanical zero position and the clearance of the transmission mechanism to optimize the precision design of each link. Because the transmission mechanism is often composed of a plurality of links, the traditional size chain analysis method is difficult to meet the requirements. In order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to introduce a dimension chain analysis tool and method, comprehensively comb the constituent rings of the dimension chain, obtain the mechanical zero position, the gap value and the quantitative influence degree of the constituent rings of the conventional system by means of probability analysis, and implement the optimal allocation of the precision index.
The project firstly provides a probabilistic precision analysis method based on tolerance actual distribution by using Monte Carlo (Monte-Carlo), and then solves the problem of the analysis of the dimension chain of a complex mechanism by means of a Teamcenter VSA three-dimensional chain analysis tool, realizes the optimal distribution of precision indexes of all component rings, greatly reduces the requirements on part processing and assembly, and effectively improves the production efficiency and the economical efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the machining difficulty, the cost and the rejection rate of parts are increased and the batch production is not facilitated due to the fact that the successful product experience is often referred to in the design of the conventional transmission mechanism and a systematic precision distribution method is not used as guidance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for analyzing a dimension chain of a three-dimensional complex transmission mechanism comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a size chain analysis model, and setting the tolerance of each component ring and a closed ring;
s2, establishing a three-dimensional size chain model by using a Teamcenter VSA dimension chain analysis tool, and then setting simulation times, tolerance ranges and whether to visually display parameters;
and S3, analyzing the influence factors of the component rings, and implementing precision optimization distribution.
Preferably, in S1, randomly sampling from the distribution size of all the component rings, and substituting the randomly sampled values obtained by the random sampling into the size chain equation to obtain the closed ring, the specific steps are as follows:
step one, generating a series of pseudo random numbers A uniformly distributed between 0 and 1 by using a computeri；
Step two, if the component ring is asymptotically normally distributed, the uniformly distributed random number A can be convertediThe random number is transformed into a standard normal distribution N (0,1), and the transformation formula is as follows:
in the formula U1、U2Random numbers that are independent of each other and follow a distribution of N (0, 1);
in step three, since the root mean square difference of the sizes of the constituent rings is not necessarily equal to 1, U is also added1、U2...UqConversion to N (0, sigma)2) Distributed random number H1、H2...HqAnd H isiThen is a random variable that conforms to the size distribution of the constituent rings:
Hi＝MLi+Ti/6xU1
in the formula: MLiIntermediate dimensional value, T, for the i-th component ringiThe dimensional tolerance of the ring is formed for the ith;
step four, utilizing a group of simulated HiValue, calculating a series of closed loop sizes N by a size chain equationiA value;
step five, calculating the basic size and tolerance of the closed ring through multiple random combination;
in the above calculation steps, it is assumed that the sizes of the component rings are normally distributed, and if the component rings are in non-normal distribution in practice, such as uniform distribution or actually measured distribution of a plurality of products, the distribution rule should be fitted first, and then the calculation formula in the second step and the third step is adjusted, so that the method is flexible.
Preferably, in S2, the analysis step of the Teamcenter VSA dimension chain is:
a) → defining target size, determining influence links and assembling sequence;
b) → carrying out lightweight treatment on the model to be analyzed, leading the model to be analyzed into an analysis tool, establishing geometric characteristics such as point, line and surface, establishing a standard, and defining tolerance requirements;
c) → creating assembly relationships and measurement variables;
d) and → simulation setting is carried out, and the size distribution of the visualization and the influence analysis result are acquired.
Preferably, in S3, the influence degree of each component ring can be obtained from the simulation result and the influence cause misanalysis, the original dimensional accuracy is optimally allocated in combination with the manufacturability in the actual production process, and the accuracy optimal allocation result can be obtained by repeating the calculation and analysis process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: by adopting a probabilistic design concept, a set of Monte Carlo size chain analysis method convenient for programming calculation is established, the probabilistic analysis of the size chain is realized, the probability analysis is introduced, the extremely extensive defect in the traditional limit analysis method is effectively overcome, the peer calculation method is flexible and simple, and the calculation analysis can be well linked with the production process; a three-dimensional size chain analysis tool based on a Monte Carlo method is introduced, the distribution result of zero positions and gaps in a traditional system and the influence degree of each component ring, including size tolerance, form and position tolerance and assembly deviation, are quickly obtained, dynamic visualization and quick modification of size chain analysis are realized, the problem of three-dimensional size chain analysis of complex structures and mechanisms is solved, precision distribution of each component ring is scientifically guided according to the analysis result of the influence degree of the component rings, the problem of quick optimal distribution of each section change precision index is solved, and the manufacturability and the economy of products are effectively improved.
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The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the Teamcenter-VSA size chain analysis model of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of zero simulation results of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of zero influence factor analysis according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
Please refer to fig. 1 to 3. It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change, or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.
In the case of the example 1, the following examples are given,
a method for analyzing a dimension chain of a three-dimensional complex transmission mechanism comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a size chain analysis model, and setting the tolerance of each component ring and a closed ring;
s2, establishing a three-dimensional size chain model by using a Teamcenter VSA dimension chain analysis tool, and then setting simulation times, tolerance ranges and whether to visually display parameters;
and S3, analyzing the influence factors of the component rings, and implementing precision optimization distribution.
In S1, randomly sampling from the distribution sizes of all the component rings, and substituting the randomly sampled values obtained by the random sampling into a size chain equation to obtain a closed ring, the specific steps are as follows:
step one, generating a series of pseudo random numbers A uniformly distributed between 0 and 1 by using a computeri；
Step two, if the component ring is asymptotically normally distributed, the uniformly distributed random number A can be convertediThe random number is transformed into a standard normal distribution N (0,1), and the transformation formula is as follows:
in the formula U1、U2Random numbers that are independent of each other and follow a distribution of N (0, 1);
in step three, since the root mean square difference of the sizes of the constituent rings is not necessarily equal to 1, U is also added1、U2...UqConversion to N (0, sigma)2) Distributed random number H1、H2...HqAnd H isiThen is a random variable that conforms to the size distribution of the constituent rings:
Hi＝MLi+Ti/6xU1
in the formula: MLiIntermediate dimensional value, T, for the i-th component ringiThe dimensional tolerance of the ring is formed for the ith;
step four, utilizing a group of simulated HiValue, calculating a series of closed loop sizes N by a size chain equationiA value;
step five, calculating the basic size and tolerance of the closed ring through multiple random combination;
in the above calculation steps, it is assumed that the sizes of the component rings are normally distributed, and if the component rings are in non-normal distribution in practice, such as uniform distribution or actually measured distribution of a plurality of products, the distribution rule should be fitted first, and then the calculation formula in the second step and the third step is adjusted, so that the method is flexible.
In the S2, the analysis steps of the Terameter VSA three-dimensional size chain are as follows:
a) → defining target size, determining influence links and assembling sequence;
b) → carrying out lightweight treatment on the model to be analyzed, leading the model to be analyzed into an analysis tool, establishing geometric characteristics such as point, line and surface, establishing a standard, and defining tolerance requirements;
c) → creating assembly relationships and measurement variables;
d) and → simulation setting is carried out, and the size distribution of the visualization and the influence analysis result are acquired.
In the step S3, the influence degree of each component ring can be obtained from the simulation result and the influence due to the misanalysis, the original dimensional accuracy is optimally allocated by combining the manufacturability in the actual production process, and the accuracy optimal allocation result can be obtained by repeating the calculation and analysis process.
Example 2, a transmission was selected:
(1) establishing a size chain analysis model, and setting the tolerance of each component ring and a closed ring;
the traditional mechanism consists of a plurality of connecting rods and a rotating shaft, wherein the length of each connecting rod and a mechanical pair are matched to form a ring, and the zero position of the rotating shaft is closed. The lightweight jt-format model is imported into a Teamcenter-VSA to obtain a mechanical zero position analysis model, as shown in FIG. 2. The characteristics, tolerances, are established according to the dimensional chain calculation needs, as shown in table 1.
Table 1;
(2) simulation setup and analysis of calculation results
After a three-dimensional size chain model is established, parameter settings such as simulation times, tolerance range, visual display and the like are carried out, and the Teamcenter-VSA simulates probability distribution in the machining process through Monte-Carlo simulation, namely all sizes are combined to predict the size distribution of the closed ring. If each link in the size chain is considered according to probability, the sigma range of each tolerance can be set according to the manufacturability and the production capacity of parts, wherein +/-3 sig, +/-4 sig, +/-5 sig and +/-6 sig respectively represent that the qualification rate is 99.73%, 99.9973%, 99.9999% and 99.9999998%.
The simulation result of the mechanical zero position is shown in fig. 3, and it can be known that the key information of the simulation result is as follows:
1) distribution-simulation result Distribution type, such as normal Distribution;
2) mean — median μ of the size distribution;
3) lower Spec Limit (LSL), Upper Spec Limit (USL) -represent design down and up deviations, respectively;
4) cp — Cp is (USL-LSL)/6 σ, and is the ability to ensure the quality of processing in a certain process. Cp <1 is an unsatisfactory process; 1< Cp <1.6 is moderate process capability; whereas Cp >1.6 is a high process capability. Industrial manufacturing enterprises generally aim at Cp not less than 1.33, where low Cp indicates high product failure probability and high Cp increases cost [4 ];
5) cpk — Cpk ═ min [ (USL- μ)/3 σ, (μ -LSL)/3 σ ], and is the degree to which the machining accuracy of a certain process can meet the tolerance requirement. Cpk and Cp comprehensively reflect the production process capability level;
6) low (Estimate) -the size value for μ -3 σ;
7) high (Estimate) -the size value for μ +3 σ.
The influence degree of each link in the zero position is shown in fig. 3, and the influence degree of each component ring on the closed ring can be clearly obtained.
(3) And (4) carrying out precision optimization distribution by depending on analysis of influence factors of all component rings.
The influence degree of each component ring can be obtained through the simulation result and the influence due to the error analysis, the original size precision is optimally distributed by combining the manufacturability in the actual production process, and the calculation analysis process is repeated to obtain the precision optimal distribution result. Generally, through number theory iteration, a group of optimized precision distribution combination can be obtained, the influence degree of each link of a size chain is more uniform, the size precision distribution is more reasonable, and the manufacturability and the economy can be effectively improved.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for analyzing a dimension chain of a three-dimensional complex transmission mechanism is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing a size chain analysis model, and setting the tolerance of each component ring and a closed ring;
s2, establishing a three-dimensional size chain model by using a Teamcenter VSA three-dimensional size chain analysis tool, and then setting simulation times, tolerance ranges and whether to visually display parameters;
and S3, analyzing the influence factors of the component rings, and implementing precision optimization distribution.
2. The analysis method of the dimension chain of the three-dimensional circle of the complex transmission mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S1, random samples are randomly sampled from the distribution dimensions of all the component rings, and the random samples obtained from the random samples are substituted into the dimension chain equation to obtain the closed ring, and the specific steps are as follows:
step one, utilizingThe computer generates a series of pseudo random numbers A uniformly distributed between 0 and 1i；
Step two, if the component ring is asymptotically normally distributed, the uniformly distributed random number A can be convertediThe random number is transformed into a standard normal distribution N (0,1), and the transformation formula is as follows:
in the formula U1、U2Random numbers that are independent of each other and follow a distribution of N (0, 1);
in step three, since the root mean square difference of the sizes of the constituent rings is not necessarily equal to 1, U is also added1、U2···UqConversion to N (0, sigma)2) Distributed random number H1、H2···HqAnd H isiThen is a random variable that conforms to the size distribution of the constituent rings:
Hi＝MLi+Ti/6xU1
in the formula: MLiIntermediate dimensional value, T, for the i-th component ringiThe dimensional tolerance of the ring is formed for the ith;
step four, utilizing a group of simulated HiValue, calculating a series of closed loop sizes N by a size chain equationiA value;
step five, calculating the basic size and tolerance of the closed ring through multiple random combination;
in the above calculation steps, it is assumed that the sizes of the component rings are normally distributed, and if the component rings are in non-normal distribution in practice, such as uniform distribution or actually measured distribution of a plurality of products, the distribution rule should be fitted first, and then the calculation formula in the second step and the third step is adjusted, so that the method is flexible.
3. The method for analyzing the dimension-around chain of the complex transmission mechanism of claim 1, wherein in the step of S2, the step of analyzing the dimension-around chain of the Teamcenter VSA is as follows:
a) → defining target size, determining influence links and assembling sequence;
b) → carrying out lightweight treatment on the model to be analyzed, leading the model to be analyzed into an analysis tool, establishing geometric characteristics such as point, line and surface, establishing a standard, and defining tolerance requirements;
c) → creating assembly relationships and measurement variables;
d) and → simulation setting is carried out, and the size distribution of the visualization and the influence analysis result are acquired.
4. The analysis method for the dimension chain of the three-dimensional circle of the complex transmission mechanism as recited in claim 1, wherein in S3, the influence degree of each component ring can be obtained from the simulation result and the influence cause error analysis, the original dimension precision is optimally allocated by combining the manufacturability in the actual production process, and the precision optimal allocation result can be obtained by repeating the calculation and analysis process.
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