CN113533883B - Artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test system and method based on common aperture antenna array - Google Patents
Artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test system and method based on common aperture antenna array Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a system and a method for testing electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of artificial materials based on a common aperture antenna array, wherein the testing system comprises the following components: the device comprises a synchronous controller, a strong field excitation seed signal source, a continuous wave seed signal source, a strong electromagnetic pulse source, a high-power division network, a front power amplifier, a circulator, a low-power division network, a power synthesis network, a TEM antenna matrix, a shielding camera bellows, a receiving antenna, a high-power division module, a high-power band-stop filter, a high-power band-pass filter and a signal acquisition module. The invention realizes the same-phase center radiation of the high-power strong-field excitation signal and the low-power continuous wave signal, can realize the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test of the artificial material based on the continuous wave signal characterization, can also finish the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test of the artificial material based on the strong electromagnetic pulse signal characterization, and has important significance for objective evaluation of the electromagnetic shielding performance of the artificial material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test, in particular to an artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test system and method based on a common aperture antenna array.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of strong electromagnetic pulse generation technology, the intensity of the space electromagnetic environment is higher and higher, and the threat to the normal operation of an electronic system is higher and higher. The electromagnetic shielding material is used for electromagnetic shielding of the electronic system, and is one of important means for improving the survivability of the electronic system in a strong electromagnetic environment. Artificial electromagnetic shielding materials have received great attention and have been rapidly developed in recent years due to their unique electromagnetic shielding properties. The artificial electromagnetic protection material is an artificial material for realizing specific electromagnetic performance, and has a straight-through characteristic when the external excitation field intensity is lower (such as lower than the excitation field intensity of the nonlinear conductive characteristic of the material), the incident electromagnetic wave can freely pass through the material, and the insertion loss is low; when the external excitation field intensity reaches or is higher than the excitation field intensity of the nonlinear conductive characteristic of the material, the nonlinear conductive characteristic of the artificial electromagnetic protection material is excited, the material has a 'cut-off' characteristic, and incident electromagnetic waves can be attenuated rapidly, so that an electronic system is protected effectively.
For electromagnetic protection materials, accurately characterizing and testing the shielding effectiveness of the electromagnetic protection materials is critical to practical electromagnetic protection applications thereof. At present, the shielding effectiveness test of the surrounding electromagnetic protection material mainly comprises a coaxial flange method based on transmission line loading, a rectangular waveguide method, a dielectric lens focusing method based on free space loading and a cavity (baffle) windowing method. In these test methods, the emission source is generally a continuous wave signal source, and the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the emission source is obtained by comparing and calculating the received signals with or without electromagnetic shielding materials, so that the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test of the artificial material under the excitation of a strong field is very difficult. However, for the artificial electromagnetic protection material, since the nonlinear conductive characteristic of the artificial electromagnetic protection material only appears under the excitation of a strong field, the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the artificial electromagnetic protection material has a strong dependence on the field intensity of the strong field of external excitation; therefore, the test methods are difficult to meet the shielding effectiveness test requirements of the artificial electromagnetic protective material. Until recently, patent application CN202110629299.7 disclosed a shielding effectiveness test system and method suitable for electromagnetic shielding performance test of artificial materials; the system and the method can realize the shielding effectiveness test of the artificial electromagnetic protection material under the strong field excitation. However, in the system, the strong field excitation signal transmitting antenna is obliquely opposite to the material testing window of the shielding camera bellows, so that polarization mismatch loss exists in coupling between an excitation strong field and the material, and compared with the situation that the transmitting antenna is opposite to the excitation strong field, a strong electromagnetic pulse source is required to have higher output power; in addition, in the test process, the included angle between the radiation direction of the transmitting antenna and the normal line of the test window needs to be reasonably adjusted so as to simultaneously meet the nonlinear conductive characteristic excitation condition and the 3dB uniform region condition, and the operation process is relatively complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides an artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test system and method based on a common aperture antenna array, which are used for realizing the artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test based on continuous wave signal characterization and strong field signal characterization by means of common aperture emission of a strong field excitation signal and a continuous wave signal, acquiring the shielding effectiveness of an artificial material under different signal characterization in different states such as linearity, nonlinearity and the like, and improving the objectivity of the evaluation of the electromagnetic shielding performance of the artificial material.
The invention provides an artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test system based on a common aperture antenna array, which comprises the following components: the system comprises a synchronous controller, a strong field excitation seed signal source, a continuous wave seed signal source, a strong electromagnetic pulse source, a high-power division network, a front power amplifier, a circulator, a low-power division network, a power synthesis network, a TEM antenna matrix, a shielding camera bellows, a receiving antenna, a high-power division module, a high-power band-stop filter, a high-power band-pass filter and a signal acquisition module;
the synchronous controller is connected with a strong field excitation seed signal source, a continuous wave seed signal source and a strong electromagnetic pulse source; the strong field excitation seed signal source, the strong electromagnetic pulse source and the high-power division network are connected in sequence; the continuous wave seed signal source, the prepositive power amplifier, the circulator and the low-power division network are connected in sequence; the input end of the power synthesis network is connected with the high-power division network and the low-power division network respectively, and the output end of the power synthesis network is connected with the TEM antenna matrix; the TEM antenna matrix is arranged outside the shielding camera bellows and faces to an artificial material test window of the shielding camera bellows; the receiving antenna is connected with the high-power dividing module; the input ends of the high-power band-stop filter and the high-power band-pass filter are connected with the high-power dividing module, and the output ends of the high-power band-stop filter and the high-power band-pass filter are connected with the signal acquisition module;
the synchronous controller comprises a plurality of independent trigger pulse generation ports, is used for generating a plurality of independent time sequence trigger pulses and triggers the strong field excitation seed signal source, the continuous wave seed signal source and the strong electromagnetic pulse source to work;
the high-field excitation seed signal source is used for generating a high-field excitation seed signal according to the set working parameters under the control of the synchronous controller;
the continuous wave seed signal source is used for generating a continuous wave seed signal according to the set working parameters under the control of the synchronous controller;
the strong electromagnetic pulse source is used for amplifying the strong field excitation seed signal under the control of the synchronous controller to generate a strong field excitation signal;
the high-power division network is used for equally dividing the strong field excitation signal into N paths;
the prepositive power amplifier is used for amplifying the continuous wave seed signal and generating a continuous wave signal;
the circulator is used for realizing unidirectional transmission of continuous wave signals from the front power amplifier to the low-power division network;
the low-power division network is used for equally dividing the continuous wave signal into N paths;
the power synthesis network is used for synthesizing N paths of equally divided strong field excitation signals and N paths of continuous wave signals into N paths of signals;
the TEM antenna matrix is used for radiating continuous wave signals and strong field excitation signals which are synthesized into N paths of signals;
the receiving antenna is used for receiving and shielding transmission electromagnetic signals under the condition that artificial materials or no artificial materials exist on the artificial material testing window of the camera bellows;
the high-power dividing module is used for equally dividing the transmission electromagnetic signals received by the receiving antenna into two paths;
the high-power band-stop filter is used for filtering out a strong field excitation signal in a transmitted electromagnetic signal and reserving a continuous wave signal;
the high-power band-pass filter is used for filtering continuous wave signals in the transmitted electromagnetic signals, retaining strong field excitation signals and reducing the amplitude of the strong field excitation signals;
the signal acquisition module comprises 2 independent signal acquisition ports which are respectively used for receiving continuous wave signals and strong field excitation signals after being filtered by the high-power band-stop filter and the high-power band-pass filter.
Further, N satisfies the following relationship with the maximum output power P of the strong electromagnetic pulse source:
wherein P is s The power is the lowest tolerance of each link of the strong electromagnetic pulse transmission link.
Further, N also satisfies the following condition:
N＝m 2
wherein m is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
Further, each TEM antenna consists of a coaxial feed source and an upper isosceles triangle polar plate and a lower isosceles triangle polar plate which are the same in size and form a certain included angle; the isosceles triangle pole plate at the upper part is connected with the core wire of the coaxial feed source, and the isosceles triangle pole plate at the lower part is connected with the ground of the coaxial feed source.
Further, the distance d between the center of the TEM antenna matrix and the center of the artificial material test window on the shielding camera bellows and the size L of the artificial material test window on the shielding camera bellows satisfy the following relation:
where θ is the 3dB beam angle of the TEM antenna matrix.
Further, the 3dB beam angle θ of the antenna matrix of the maximum output power P, TEM of the strong electromagnetic pulse source needs to satisfy the following relationship:
wherein E is n The electric field intensity required for excitation of the nonlinear conductive characteristic of the artificial material.
Further, the high-power division network is formed by cascading high-power dividers; the low-power divider network is formed by cascading low-power dividers; the power synthesis network consists of a plurality of power synthesizers; the TEM antenna matrix is an antenna area array which consists of N TEM antennas and has the dimension of m multiplied by m; wherein m is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
Preferably, the signal acquisition module is a spectrum analyzer.
The invention provides an artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test method based on a common aperture antenna array, which comprises a shielding effectiveness test method based on continuous wave signal characterization and a shielding effectiveness test method based on strong electromagnetic pulse signal characterization;
the shielding effectiveness test method based on continuous wave signal characterization comprises the following steps:
step 101, arranging the artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test system based on the common aperture antenna array at a test site;
102, cooperatively adjusting the output power of a strong electromagnetic pulse source and the distance d between the center of a TEM antenna matrix and the center of a test window of the artificial material of the shielding camera bellows to enable the excitation strong field E of the artificial material to be in [ E ] min1 ,E max1 ]Flexible adjustment is performed;
step 103, setting an artificial material test window to be in an idle state, namely no artificial material exists;
step 104, testing the frequency range [ f ] according to the shielding effectiveness of the artificial material min1 ,f max1 ]Setting the frequency of the output signal of the continuous wave seed signal source as f cw [i]，f cw [i]∈[f min1 ,f max1 ]I=0, 1,2 …, and f cw [0]＝f min1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Setting the frequency of the output signal of the strong field excitation seed signal source as f hp [i]And f hp [i]The following conditions are satisfied:
wherein T is w Pulse width of the excitation signal is strong; meanwhile, setting the stop band center frequency of the high-power band stop filter as f hp [i]A stop band bandwidth of W 1 And W is 1 The following conditions are satisfied:
meanwhile, setting an acquisition port of the signal acquisition module connected with the high-power band-pass filter as a working state, and setting an acquisition port of the signal acquisition module connected with the high-power band-pass filter as a non-working state;
step 105, setting a synchronous controller to generate time sequence trigger pulse to trigger a strong field excitation seed signal source, a continuous wave seed signal source and a strong electromagnetic pulse source to work;
step 106, obtaining the frequency f through the signal acquisition module cw [i]Continuous wave signal amplitude A output by high-power band-stop filter cw [i]；
Step 107, setting the output signal frequency of the continuous wave seed signal source as the next test frequency f cw [i+1]If:
setting the frequency f of the strong field excitation seed signal source hp [i+1]The method comprises the following steps:
the system is regulated to keep the size of the artificial material excitation strong field E unchanged, and meanwhile, the stop band center frequency of the high-power band-stop filter is set to be f hp [i+1]；
Otherwise, setting the frequency f of the strong field excitation seed signal source hp [i+1]The method comprises the following steps:
f hp [i+1]＝f hp [i]
meanwhile, setting the stop band center frequency of the high-power band stop filter as f hp [i+1]；
Step 108, repeating the steps 105-107 to obtain the shielded camera bellows artificial material test window without artificial material loading and excitationUnder the condition of strong field E, test frequency f min1 ，f max1 ]Amplitude set A of in-range transmitted continuous wave signals cw ：
A cw ＝{A cw [i]| i＝0，1，2，... }
Step 109, setting an artificial material test window to be in a loading state, namely, artificial materials are present; repeating the steps 104-107 to obtain the test frequency f of the artificial material under the condition that the excitation strong field is E min1 ，f max1 ]Within-range transmitted electromagnetic signal amplitude set B cw ：
B cw ＝{B cw [i]| i＝0，1，2，... }
Step 110, under the condition of calculating the excitation strong field as E, the artificial material is in [ f ] min1 ，f max1 ]Shielding effectiveness in the frequency range:
SE cw ＝{SE cw [i]| i＝0，1，2，... }
wherein:
step 111, changing the excitation strong field size of the artificial material, and repeating the steps 103-110 to obtain the concerned excitation strong field [ E ] min1 ，E max1 ]、[f min1 ，f max1 ]The electromagnetic shielding efficiency of the artificial material in the frequency range is further finished based on the continuous wave signal representation [ f ] of the artificial material under different excitation strong fields min1 ，f max1 ]Testing electromagnetic shielding effectiveness in a frequency range;
the shielding effectiveness test method based on the strong electromagnetic pulse signal characterization comprises the following steps:
step 201, arranging the artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test system based on the common aperture antenna array at a test site;
step 202, through cooperatively adjusting the output power of the strong electromagnetic pulse source and the distance d between the center of the TEM antenna matrix and the center of the artificial material testing window of the shielding camera bellowsThe field intensity E of the strong electromagnetic pulse field is in [ E ] min2 ,E max2 ]Flexible adjustment is performed;
step 203, setting an artificial material test window to be in an idle state, i.e. no artificial material exists;
step 204, testing the frequency range [ f ] according to the shielding effectiveness of the artificial material min2 ,f max2 ]Setting the frequency of the output signal of the strong field excitation seed signal source as f hp [i]，f hp [i]∈[f min2 ,f max2 ]I=0, 1,2 …, and f hp [0]＝f min2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Meanwhile, the passband center frequency of the high-power bandpass filter is set to be f hp [i]Setting the passband bandwidth of the high-power bandpass filter as W 2 And W is 2 The following conditions are satisfied:
wherein T is w Pulse width of the excitation signal is strong; meanwhile, setting an acquisition port of the signal acquisition module connected with the high-power band-pass filter as a working state, and setting an acquisition port of the signal acquisition module connected with the high-power band-stop filter as a non-working state;
step 205, setting a synchronous controller to generate a time sequence trigger pulse to trigger a strong field excitation seed signal source and a strong electromagnetic pulse source to work;
step 206, obtaining the frequency f by the signal acquisition module hp [i]Strong electromagnetic pulse amplitude A output by high-power band-pass filter hp [i]；
Step 207, setting the output signal frequency of the strong field excitation seed signal source as the next test frequency f hp [i+1]The system is regulated to keep the size of the artificial material excitation strong field E unchanged, and the passband center frequency of the high-power bandpass filter is set as f hp [i+1]；
Step 208, repeating the steps 205-207 to obtain the test frequency [ f ] under the conditions that the artificial material is not loaded in the artificial material test window of the shielding camera bellows and the excitation strong field is E min2 ，f max2 ]Set of in-range transmitted strong field signal amplitudes A hp ：
A hp ＝{A hp [i]| i＝0，1，2，... }
Step 209, setting the artificial material test window to be in a loading state, namely, artificial materials are present; repeating the steps 204-207 to obtain the test frequency f of the artificial material under the condition that the excitation strong field is E min2 ，f max2 ]Within-range transmitted electromagnetic signal amplitude set B hp ：
B hp ＝{B hp [i]| i＝0，1，2，... }
Step 210, under the condition of calculating the excitation strong field as E, the artificial material is in [ f ] min2 ，f max2 ]Shielding effectiveness in the frequency range:
SE hp ＝{SE hp [i]| i＝0，1，2，... }
wherein:
step 211, changing the excitation strong field of the artificial material, repeating steps 203-210 to obtain the concerned frequency range [ f ] min2 ，f max2 ]Internal field strength range [ E ] min2 ，E max2 ]The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the artificial material based on the strong electromagnetic pulse field characterization is further finished.
In particular, in step 104 and step 204, f is the full band test min1 ＝f min2 ＝10kHz，f max1 ＝f max2 ＝40GHz。
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention realizes the same-phase center radiation of the high-power strong-field excitation signal and the low-power continuous wave signal, can realize the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test of the artificial material based on the continuous wave signal characterization, can also finish the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test of the artificial material based on the strong electromagnetic pulse signal characterization, and has important significance for objective evaluation of the electromagnetic shielding performance of the artificial material.
2. The invention has the characteristics of low requirement on the output power of the strong electromagnetic pulse source, strong system compatibility and the like.
3. According to the invention, the adjustment of the artificial material nonlinear characteristic excitation field intensity and the 3dB uniform region can be completed by adjusting the distance between the transmitting antenna and the test window, and compared with the existing artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test patent application (CN 202110629299.7), the adjustment process is simpler and more convenient.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will briefly describe the drawings in the embodiments, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test system based on a common aperture antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a high-power distribution network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the components of a low power distribution network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power combining network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a TEM antenna matrix composition according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a TEM antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 1-synchronous controller, 2-strong field excitation seed signal source, 3-continuous wave seed signal source, 4-strong electromagnetic pulse source, 5-high power division network, 6-pre-power amplifier, 7-circulator, 8-low power division network, 9-power synthesis network, 10-TEM antenna matrix, 11-shielding camera bellows, 12-artificial material test window, 13-receiving antenna, 14-high power dividing module, 15-high power band-stop filter, 16-high power band-pass filter, 17-signal acquisition module, 18-one-to-two high power divider, 19-one-to-two low power divider, 20-two-to-one power combiner, 21-TEM antenna, 22-coaxial feed source, 23-isosceles triangle polar plate.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples
The embodiment describes the artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test system and method based on the common aperture antenna array in detail through the artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test under the strong electromagnetic pulse environment (similar to the high-intensity radiation field environment) generated by the high-power amplifier.
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides an artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness testing system based on a common aperture antenna array, including: the synchronous controller 1, the strong field excitation seed signal source 2, the continuous wave seed signal source 3, the strong electromagnetic pulse source 4, the high-power division network 5, the front power amplifier 6, the circulator 7, the low-power division network 8, the power synthesis network 9, the TEM antenna matrix 10, the shielding camera bellows 11, the receiving antenna 13, the high-power division module 14, the high-power band-stop filter 15, the high-power band-pass filter 16 and the signal acquisition module 17;
the synchronous controller 1 is connected with a strong field excitation seed signal source 2, a continuous wave seed signal source 3 and a strong electromagnetic pulse source 4; the strong field excitation seed signal source 2, the strong electromagnetic pulse source 4 and the high-power division network 5 are connected in sequence; the continuous wave seed signal source 3, the prepositive power amplifier 6, the circulator 7 and the low-power division network 8 are connected in sequence; the input end of the power synthesis network 9 is connected with the high-power division network 5 and the low-power division network 8 respectively, and the output end is connected with the TEM antenna matrix 10; the TEM antenna matrix 10 is arranged outside the shielding camera bellows 11 and is opposite to the artificial material test window 12 of the shielding camera bellows 11; the receiving antenna 13 is connected with the high-power dividing module 14; the input ends of the high-power band-stop filter 15 and the high-power band-pass filter 16 are connected with the high-power dividing module 14, and the output ends are connected with the signal acquisition module 17;
the synchronous controller 1 comprises 3 independent trigger pulse generation ports for generating multiple paths of independent time sequence trigger pulses, and triggering the high-field excitation seed signal source 2, the continuous wave seed signal source 3 and the high-electromagnetic pulse source 4 to work;
the strong field excitation seed signal source 2 (the optional model is N5172B) is used for generating a strong field excitation seed signal according to the set working parameters under the control of the synchronous controller 1;
the continuous wave seed signal source 3 (the optional model is E8257D) is used for generating a continuous wave seed signal according to the set working parameters under the control of the synchronous controller 1;
the strong electromagnetic pulse source 4 is used for amplifying the strong field excitation seed signal under the control of the synchronous controller 1 to generate a strong field excitation signal;
the high-power division network 5 is formed by two-stage cascade connection of 3 one-to-two high-power dividers 18, as shown in fig. 2, and is used for equally dividing a strong field excitation signal into N paths; wherein N and the maximum output power P (may be 10 kW) of the strong electromagnetic pulse source 4 satisfy the following relationship:
wherein P is s Is strong electromagneticThe lowest withstand power of each link of the pulse transmission link (at a pulse width of 100ns, the lowest withstand power of a single pulse is 5 kW). Further, N also satisfies the following condition:
N＝m 2
wherein m is a natural number greater than or equal to 1. Optionally, N is 4, m is 2, and the strong field excitation signal is equally divided into 4 paths, namely A1, A2, A3 and A4.
The pre-power amplifier 6 is used for amplifying the continuous wave seed signal and generating a continuous wave signal;
the circulator 7 is used for realizing unidirectional transmission of the continuous wave signal from the pre-power amplifier 6 to the low-power division network 8;
the low-power division network 8 is formed by two-stage cascade connection of 3 one-to-two low-power dividers 19, as shown in fig. 3, and is used for equally dividing a continuous wave signal into n=4 paths, which are respectively B1, B2, B3 and B4;
the power combining network 9 is composed of 4 two-in-one power combiners 20, as shown in fig. 4, and is configured to combine the equally divided N paths of strong field excitation signals (Ai, i=1, 2,3, 4) and N paths of continuous wave signals (Bi, i=1, 2,3, 4) into N paths of signals (Ci, i=1, 2,3, 4);
the TEM antenna matrix 10 is an antenna area array with dimensions of 2×2, which is composed of 4 TEM antennas 21, and has a 3dB beam angle of 22 °, as shown in fig. 5, and is used for radiating continuous wave signals and strong field excitation signals that are synthesized into N paths of signals; as shown in fig. 6, each TEM antenna 21 is composed of a coaxial feed source 22 and two isosceles triangle pole plates 23 which are the same in size and form an included angle α (preferably α=60°); the isosceles triangle pole plate 23 above is connected with the core wire of the coaxial feed source 22, and the isosceles triangle pole plate 23 below is connected with the ground of the coaxial feed source 22.
The receiving antenna 13 is configured to receive a transmitted electromagnetic signal when the artificial material or the artificial material is not present on the artificial material testing window 12 of the shielding camera bellows 11;
the high-power dividing module 14 is configured to divide the transmission electromagnetic signal received by the receiving antenna 13 into two paths;
the high-power band-reject filter 15 is used for filtering out a strong field excitation signal in the transmitted electromagnetic signal and reserving a continuous wave signal;
the high-power band-pass filter 16 is used for filtering continuous wave signals in the transmitted electromagnetic signals, retaining strong field excitation signals and reducing the amplitude of the strong field excitation signals;
the signal acquisition module 17 comprises 2 independent signal acquisition ports, which are respectively used for receiving the continuous wave signal and the strong field excitation signal after being filtered by the high-power band-stop filter 15 and the high-power band-pass filter 16. Preferably, the signal acquisition module 17 employs a spectrum analyzer, optionally model E4440A.
Further, the distance d between the center of the TEM antenna matrix 10 and the center of the artificial material testing window 12 on the shielding camera bellows 11 and the size L (which may be 0.6 m) of the artificial material testing window 12 on the shielding camera bellows 11 satisfy the following relationship:
where θ is the 3dB beam angle of the TEM antenna matrix 10.
Further, the 3dB beam angle θ of the antenna matrix 10 of the maximum output power P, TEM of the strong electromagnetic pulse source 4 needs to satisfy the following relationship:
wherein E is n The electric field intensity required for excitation of the nonlinear conductive characteristic of the artificial material.
By adopting the artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness testing system based on the common aperture antenna array, the embodiment also provides an artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness testing method based on the common aperture antenna array, and the testing method comprises a shielding effectiveness testing method based on continuous wave signal characterization and a shielding effectiveness testing method based on strong electromagnetic pulse signal characterization according to different characterization modes (continuous wave signal characterization and strong electromagnetic pulse signal characterization);
(1) The shielding effectiveness test method based on continuous wave signal characterization comprises the following steps:
step 101, arranging the artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test system based on the common aperture antenna array at a test site;
102, the strong field E excited by artificial materials is in [ E ] by cooperatively adjusting the output power of the strong electromagnetic pulse source 4 and the distance d between the center of the TEM antenna matrix 10 and the center of the artificial material test window 12 of the shielding camera bellows 11 min1 ，E max1 ]Flexible adjustment is performed; the embodiment takes E min1 ＝0、E maxl =7.2 kV/m, i.e. the artificial material excited strong field E is at [0,7.2kV/m]Flexible adjustment is performed;
step 103, setting the artificial material test window 12 to be in an idle state, i.e. no artificial material exists;
step 104, testing the frequency range [ f ] according to the shielding effectiveness of the artificial material min1 ，f max1 ]In this embodiment, the full-band test is performed in full-band mode, f min1 ＝10kHz，f max1 =40 GHz, i.e. the artificial material shielding effectiveness test frequency range is [10khz,40GHz]Setting the frequency of the output signal of the continuous wave seed signal source 3 as f cw [i]，f cw [i]∈[f min1 ，f max1 ]I=0, 1,2 …, and f cw [i]Is of the initial frequency f cw [0]=10khz; setting the output signal frequency f of the strong field excitation seed signal source 2 hp [i]2.5GHz, and f hp [i]The following conditions are satisfied:
wherein T is w Pulse width of the excitation signal with strong field (alternatively 100 ns); at the same time, the stop band center frequency of the high-power band stop filter 15 is set to be f hp [i](2.5 GHz), stop band bandwidth W 1 80MHz, and W 1 The following conditions are satisfied:
meanwhile, the acquisition port of the signal acquisition module 17 connected with the high-power band-pass filter 15 is set to be in a working state, and the acquisition port of the signal acquisition module 17 connected with the high-power band-pass filter 16 is set to be in a non-working state;
step 105, setting the synchronous controller 1 to generate time sequence trigger pulse to trigger the strong field excitation seed signal source 2, the continuous wave seed signal source 3 and the strong electromagnetic pulse source 4 to work;
step 106, obtaining the frequency f by the signal acquisition module 17 cw [i]Amplitude A of continuous wave signal output by high-power band-stop filter 15 cw [i]；
Step 107, setting the output signal frequency of the continuous wave seed signal source 3 as the next test frequency f cw [i+1]If:
f cw [i+1]∈[2.45，2.55](GHz)
then the frequency f of the strong field excitation seed signal source 2 is set hp [i+1]The method comprises the following steps:
f hp [i+1]＝2.6(GHz)
the system is regulated to keep the intensity of the artificial material excitation strong field E unchanged, and meanwhile, the stop band center frequency of the high-power band-stop filter 15 is set to be 2.6GHz;
otherwise, setting the frequency f of the strong field excitation seed signal source 2 hp [i+1]The method comprises the following steps:
f hp [i+1]＝2.5(GHz)
meanwhile, the stop band center frequency of the high-power band-stop filter 15 is set to be 2.5GHz;
step 108, repeating the steps 105-107 to obtain the test frequency [10kHz,40GHz ] under the conditions that the artificial material test window 12 of the shielding camera bellows 11 is not loaded with artificial materials and the excitation strong field is E]Amplitude set A of in-range transmitted continuous wave signals cw ：
A cw ＝{A cw [i]| i＝0，1，2，... }
Step 109, setting the artificial material test window 12 to be in a loading state, namely, artificial materials are present; repeating the steps 104-107 to obtain the artificial material on-excitationUnder the condition of E excitation field, test frequency [10kHz,40GHz]Within-range transmitted electromagnetic signal amplitude set B cw ：
B cw ＝(B cw [i]| i＝0，1，2，... }
Step 110, under the condition that the excitation strong field is E, the shielding effectiveness of the artificial material in the frequency range of [10kHz,40GHz ] is calculated:
SE cw ＝{SE cw [i]| i＝0，1，2，... }
wherein:
step 111, changing the excitation strong field size of the artificial material, repeating the steps 103-110 to obtain the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the artificial material in the frequency range of the concerned excitation strong field [0,7.2kV/m ], [10kHz,40GHz ], and further completing the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test of the artificial material in the frequency range of [10kHz,40GHz ] under different excitation strong fields based on continuous wave signal characterization;
(2) The shielding effectiveness test method based on the strong electromagnetic pulse signal characterization comprises the following steps:
step 201, arranging the artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test system based on the common aperture antenna array at a test site;
step 202, the field intensity E of the strong electromagnetic pulse field is enabled to be in [ E ] by cooperatively adjusting the output power of the strong electromagnetic pulse source 4 and the distance d between the center of the TEM antenna matrix 10 and the center of the artificial material test window 12 of the shielding camera bellows 11 min2 ，E max2 ]Flexible adjustment is performed; the embodiment takes E min2 ＝1kV/m、E max2 =7.2 kV/m, i.e. the artificial material excitation strong field E is at [1kV/m,7.2kV/m]Flexible adjustment is performed;
step 203, setting the artificial material test window 12 to be in an idle state, i.e. no artificial material exists;
step 204, testing the frequency range [ f ] according to the shielding effectiveness of the artificial material min2 ，f max2 ]The embodiment takes f min2 ＝100MHz，f max2 =40 GHz, i.e. the artificial material shielding effectiveness test frequency range is [100mhz,40GHz]Setting the frequency of the output signal of the high-field excitation seed signal source 2 as f hp [i]，f hp [i]∈[f min2 ，f max2 ]I=0, 1,2 …, and f hp [i]Is of the initial frequency f hp [0]=100 MHz; at the same time, the passband center frequency f of the high-power bandpass filter 16 is set hp [i]The passband bandwidth W of the high-power bandpass filter 16 is set to 100MHz 2 =80 MHz, and W 2 The following conditions are satisfied:
wherein T is w Taking 100ns for the pulse width of the strong field excitation signal; meanwhile, setting an acquisition port of the signal acquisition module 17 connected with the high-power band-pass filter 16 to be in a working state, and setting an acquisition port of the signal acquisition module 17 connected with the high-power band-stop filter 15 to be in a non-working state;
step 205, setting the synchronous controller 1 to generate a time sequence trigger pulse to trigger the strong field excitation seed signal source 2 and the strong electromagnetic pulse source 4 to work;
step 206, obtaining the frequency f by the signal acquisition module 17 hp [i]The amplitude A of the strong electromagnetic pulse output by the high-power band-pass filter 16 hp [i]；
Step 207, setting the output signal frequency of the strong field excitation seed signal source 2 to the next test frequency f hp [i+1]And the system is regulated to keep the magnitude of the artificial material excitation intense field E unchanged, and the passband center frequency of the high-power bandpass filter 16 is set to be f hp [i+1]；
Step 208, repeating the steps 205-207 to obtain the test frequency [100MHz,40GHz ] under the conditions that the artificial material test window 12 of the shielding camera bellows 11 is not loaded with artificial materials and the excitation strong field is E]Set of in-range transmitted strong field signal amplitudes A hp ：
A hp ＝{A hp [i]| i＝0，1，2，... }
Step 209, setting the artificial material test window 12 to a loading state, i.e. artificial material is present; repeating the steps 204-207 to obtain the test frequency [100MHz,40GHz ] of the artificial material under the condition that the excitation strong field is E]Within-range transmitted electromagnetic signal amplitude set B hp ：
B hp ＝{B hp [i]| i＝0，1，2，... }
Step 210, under the condition that the excitation strong field is E (under the condition of strong electromagnetic pulse), the shielding effectiveness of the artificial material in the [100MHz,40GHz ] frequency range is calculated:
SE hp ＝{SE hp [i]| i＝0，1，2，... }
wherein:
step 211, changing the excitation strong field size of the artificial material, repeating the steps 203-210 to obtain the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the artificial material characterized by the strong electromagnetic pulse field in the field intensity range [1kV/m,7.2kV/m ] in the concerned frequency range [100MHz,40GHz ], and further completing the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test of the artificial material based on the strong electromagnetic pulse signal characterization.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test system based on a common aperture antenna array is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a synchronous controller, a strong field excitation seed signal source, a continuous wave seed signal source, a strong electromagnetic pulse source, a high-power division network, a front power amplifier, a circulator, a low-power division network, a power synthesis network, a TEM antenna matrix, a shielding camera bellows, a receiving antenna, a high-power division module, a high-power band-stop filter, a high-power band-pass filter and a signal acquisition module;
the synchronous controller is connected with a strong field excitation seed signal source, a continuous wave seed signal source and a strong electromagnetic pulse source; the strong field excitation seed signal source, the strong electromagnetic pulse source and the high-power division network are connected in sequence; the continuous wave seed signal source, the prepositive power amplifier, the circulator and the low-power division network are connected in sequence; the input end of the power synthesis network is connected with the high-power division network and the low-power division network respectively, and the output end of the power synthesis network is connected with the TEM antenna matrix; the TEM antenna matrix is arranged outside the shielding camera bellows and faces to an artificial material test window of the shielding camera bellows; the receiving antenna is connected with the high-power dividing module; the input ends of the high-power band-stop filter and the high-power band-pass filter are connected with the high-power dividing module, and the output ends of the high-power band-stop filter and the high-power band-pass filter are connected with the signal acquisition module;
the synchronous controller comprises a plurality of independent trigger pulse generation ports, is used for generating a plurality of independent time sequence trigger pulses and triggers the strong field excitation seed signal source, the continuous wave seed signal source and the strong electromagnetic pulse source to work;
the high-field excitation seed signal source is used for generating a high-field excitation seed signal according to the set working parameters under the control of the synchronous controller;
the continuous wave seed signal source is used for generating a continuous wave seed signal according to the set working parameters under the control of the synchronous controller;
the strong electromagnetic pulse source is used for amplifying the strong field excitation seed signal under the control of the synchronous controller to generate a strong field excitation signal;
the high-power division network is used for equally dividing the strong field excitation signal into N paths;
the prepositive power amplifier is used for amplifying the continuous wave seed signal and generating a continuous wave signal;
the circulator is used for realizing unidirectional transmission of continuous wave signals from the front power amplifier to the low-power division network;
the low-power division network is used for equally dividing the continuous wave signal into N paths;
the power synthesis network is used for synthesizing N paths of equally divided strong field excitation signals and N paths of continuous wave signals into N paths of signals;
the TEM antenna matrix is used for radiating continuous wave signals and strong field excitation signals which are synthesized into N paths of signals;
the receiving antenna is used for receiving and shielding transmission electromagnetic signals under the condition that artificial materials or no artificial materials exist on the artificial material testing window of the camera bellows;
the high-power dividing module is used for equally dividing the transmission electromagnetic signals received by the receiving antenna into two paths;
the high-power band-stop filter is used for filtering out a strong field excitation signal in a transmitted electromagnetic signal and reserving a continuous wave signal;
the high-power band-pass filter is used for filtering continuous wave signals in the transmitted electromagnetic signals, retaining strong field excitation signals and reducing the amplitude of the strong field excitation signals;
the signal acquisition module comprises 2 independent signal acquisition ports which are respectively used for receiving continuous wave signals and strong field excitation signals after being filtered by the high-power band-stop filter and the high-power band-pass filter.
2. The system for testing electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of artificial materials based on a common aperture antenna array according to claim 1, wherein N and the maximum output power P of the strong electromagnetic pulse source satisfy the following relationship:
wherein P is s The power is the lowest tolerance of each link of the strong electromagnetic pulse transmission link.
3. The artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test system based on the common aperture antenna array according to claim 2, wherein N further satisfies the following condition:
N＝m 2
wherein m is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
4. The artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test system based on the common aperture antenna array according to claim 1, wherein each TEM antenna consists of a coaxial feed source and an upper isosceles triangle polar plate and a lower isosceles triangle polar plate which are the same in size and form a certain included angle; the isosceles triangle pole plate at the upper part is connected with the core wire of the coaxial feed source, and the isosceles triangle pole plate at the lower part is connected with the ground of the coaxial feed source.
5. The system for testing electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of artificial materials based on a common aperture antenna array according to claim 1, wherein a distance d between a center of the TEM antenna array and a center of an artificial material testing window on a shielding camera bellows and a size L of the artificial material testing window on the shielding camera bellows satisfy the following relationship:
where θ is the 3dB beam angle of the TEM antenna matrix.
6. The system for testing electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of artificial materials based on a common aperture antenna array according to claim 5, wherein the following relationship is satisfied by a 3dB beam angle θ of a maximum output power P, TEM antenna matrix of the strong electromagnetic pulse source:
wherein E is n The electric field intensity required for excitation of the nonlinear conductive characteristic of the artificial material.
7. The artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test system based on the common aperture antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the high-power division network is formed by cascading high-power dividers; the low-power divider network is formed by cascading low-power dividers; the power synthesis network consists of a plurality of power synthesizers; the TEM antenna matrix is an antenna area array which consists of N TEM antennas and has the dimension of m multiplied by m; wherein m is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
8. The system for testing electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of artificial materials based on a common aperture antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the signal acquisition module is a spectrum analyzer.
9. The method is characterized by comprising a shielding effectiveness test method based on continuous wave signal characterization and a shielding effectiveness test method based on strong electromagnetic pulse signal characterization;
the shielding effectiveness test method based on continuous wave signal characterization comprises the following steps:
step 101, arranging the artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test system based on the common aperture antenna array in a test site, wherein the artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test system is as set forth in any one of claims 1-8;
102, cooperatively adjusting the output power of a strong electromagnetic pulse source and the distance d between the center of a TEM antenna matrix and the center of a test window of the artificial material of the shielding camera bellows to enable the excitation strong field E of the artificial material to be in [ E ] min1 ,E max1 ]Flexible adjustment is performed;
step 103, setting an artificial material test window to be in an idle state, namely no artificial material exists;
step 104, testing the frequency range [ f ] according to the shielding effectiveness of the artificial material min1 ,f max1 ]Setting the frequency of the output signal of the continuous wave seed signal source as f cw [i]，f cw [i]∈[f min1 ,f max1 ]I=0, 1,2 …, and f cw [0]＝f min1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Setting the frequency of the output signal of the strong field excitation seed signal source as f hp [i]And f hp [i]The following conditions are satisfied:
wherein T is w Pulse width of the excitation signal is strong; meanwhile, setting the stop band center frequency of the high-power band stop filter as f hp [i]A stop band bandwidth of W 1 And W is 1 The following conditions are satisfied:
meanwhile, setting an acquisition port of the signal acquisition module connected with the high-power band-pass filter as a working state, and setting an acquisition port of the signal acquisition module connected with the high-power band-pass filter as a non-working state;
step 105, setting a synchronous controller to generate time sequence trigger pulse to trigger a strong field excitation seed signal source, a continuous wave seed signal source and a strong electromagnetic pulse source to work;
step 106, obtaining the frequency f through the signal acquisition module cw [i]Continuous wave signal amplitude A output by high-power band-stop filter cw [i]；
Step 107, setting the output signal frequency of the continuous wave seed signal source as the next test frequency f cw [i+1]If:
setting the frequency f of the strong field excitation seed signal source hp [i+1]The method comprises the following steps:
the system is regulated to keep the size of the artificial material excitation strong field E unchanged, and meanwhile, the stop band center frequency of the high-power band-stop filter is set to be f hp [i+1]；
Otherwise, setting the frequency f of the strong field excitation seed signal source hp [i+1]The method comprises the following steps:
f hp [i+1]＝f hp [i]
meanwhile, setting the stop band center frequency of the high-power band stop filter as f hp [i+1]；
Step 108, repeating the steps 105-107 to obtain the test frequency [ f ] under the conditions that the artificial material is not loaded in the artificial material test window of the shielding camera bellows and the excitation strong field is E min1 ,f max1 ]Amplitude set A of in-range transmitted continuous wave signals cw ：
A cw ＝{A cw [i]| i＝0,1,2,… }
Step 109, setting an artificial material test window to be in a loading state, namely, artificial materials are present; repeating the steps 104-107 to obtain the test frequency f of the artificial material under the condition that the excitation strong field is E min1 ,f max1 ]Within-range transmitted electromagnetic signal amplitude set B cw ：
B cw ＝{B cw [i]| i＝0,1,2,… }
Step 110, under the condition of calculating the excitation strong field as E, the artificial material is in [ f ] min1 ,f max1 ]Shielding effectiveness in the frequency range:
SE cw ＝{SE cw [i]| i＝0,1,2,… }
wherein:
step 111, changing the excitation strong field size of the artificial material, and repeating the steps 103-110 to obtain the concerned excitation strong field [ E ] min1 ,E max1 ]、[f min1 ,f max1 ]The electromagnetic shielding efficiency of the artificial material in the frequency range is further finished based on the continuous wave signal representation [ f ] of the artificial material under different excitation strong fields min1 ,f max1 ]Testing electromagnetic shielding effectiveness in a frequency range;
the shielding effectiveness test method based on the strong electromagnetic pulse signal characterization comprises the following steps:
step 201, arranging the artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test system based on the common aperture antenna array in a test site, wherein the artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test system is as set forth in any one of claims 1-8;
step 202, the field intensity E of the strong electromagnetic pulse field is enabled to be in [ E ] by cooperatively adjusting the output power of the strong electromagnetic pulse source and the distance d between the center of a TEM antenna matrix and the center of a shielding camera bellows artificial material test window min2 ,E max2 ]Flexible adjustment is performed;
step 203, setting an artificial material test window to be in an idle state, i.e. no artificial material exists;
step 204, testing the frequency range [ f ] according to the shielding effectiveness of the artificial material min2 ,f max2 ]Setting the frequency of the output signal of the strong field excitation seed signal source as f hp [i]，f hp [i]∈[f min2 ,f max2 ]I=0, 1,2 …, and f hp [0]＝f min2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Meanwhile, the passband center frequency of the high-power bandpass filter is set to be f hp [i]Setting the passband bandwidth of the high-power bandpass filter as W 2 And W is 2 The following conditions are satisfied:
meanwhile, setting an acquisition port of the signal acquisition module connected with the high-power band-pass filter as a working state, and setting an acquisition port of the signal acquisition module connected with the high-power band-stop filter as a non-working state;
step 205, setting a synchronous controller to generate a time sequence trigger pulse to trigger a strong field excitation seed signal source and a strong electromagnetic pulse source to work;
step 206, obtaining the frequency f by the signal acquisition module hp [i]Strong electromagnetic pulse amplitude A output by high-power band-pass filter hp [i]；
Step 207, setting the output signal frequency of the strong field excitation seed signal source as the next test frequency f hp [i+1]The system is regulated to keep the size of the artificial material excitation strong field E unchanged, and the passband center frequency of the high-power bandpass filter is set as f hp [i+1]；
Step 208, repeating the steps 205-207 to obtain the test frequency [ f ] under the conditions that the artificial material is not loaded in the artificial material test window of the shielding camera bellows and the excitation strong field is E min2 ,f max2 ]Set of in-range transmitted strong field signal amplitudes A hp ：
A hp ＝{A hp [i]| i＝0,1,2,… }
Step 209, setting the artificial material test window to be in a loading state, namely, artificial materials are present; repeating the steps 204-207 to obtain the test frequency f of the artificial material under the condition that the excitation strong field is E min2 ,f max2 ]Within-range transmitted electromagnetic signal amplitude set B hp ：
B hp ＝{B hp [i]| i＝0,1,2,… }
Step 210, under the condition of calculating the excitation strong field as E, the artificial material is in [ f ] min2 ,f max2 ]Shielding effectiveness in the frequency range:
SE hp ＝{SE hp [i]| i＝0,1,2,… }
wherein:
step 211, changing the excitation strong field of the artificial material, repeating steps 203-210 to obtain the concerned frequency range [ f ] min2 ,f max2 ]Internal field strength range [ E ] min2 ,E max2 ]The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the artificial material based on the strong electromagnetic pulse field characterization is further finished.
10. The method for testing electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of artificial materials based on common aperture antenna array according to claim 9, wherein the step 104 is a neutralization stepIn step 204, f when performing full band test min1 ＝f min2 ＝10kHz，f max1 ＝f max2 ＝40GHz。
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