CN113532403A - Tunnel long-side wire penetration measuring method - Google Patents
Tunnel long-side wire penetration measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113532403A CN113532403A CN202110866334.7A CN202110866334A CN113532403A CN 113532403 A CN113532403 A CN 113532403A CN 202110866334 A CN202110866334 A CN 202110866334A CN 113532403 A CN113532403 A CN 113532403A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
- G01C15/002—Active optical surveying means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering measurement, and particularly relates to a method for measuring the penetration of a long-side wire of a tunnel. The method for measuring the penetration of the long-side wire of the tunnel comprises the following steps: testing the farthest effective distance measurement in the tunnel; designing the side length of the conducting wire and further establishing a plurality of conducting wire points; erecting a total station and a target respectively, and debugging the target to the optimal observation brightness; connecting the electronic handbook with a total station, and setting a horizontal angle observation difference limiting index; manually calibrating the target to observe and record the horizontal angle, and automatically checking the precision in real time by an electronic handbook; detaching the target, replacing the prism, manually collimating the prism to observe the distance and record; moving to the next position until all the wire points are observed. The invention can increase the side length of the wires in the tunnel, reduce the number of the wires in the station, realize the clear and stable observation target under the side length of 1500m wires in the tunnel, obviously improve the transverse through measurement precision of the tunnel, have higher economic benefit and stronger practicability, and promote the development and engineering application of the precise engineering measurement of the ultra-long tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering measurement, and particularly relates to a method for measuring the penetration of a long-side wire of a tunnel.
Background
In the tunnel engineering construction, the tunnel penetration inevitably contains penetration errors, the penetration errors of the tunnel engineering comprise three directions of horizontal direction, longitudinal direction and vertical direction, and the horizontal penetration errors are obviously limited by factors of measurement conditions in a tunnel and most difficultly meet the tunnel construction requirements from the aspects of the current measurement technology, instrument and equipment performance and engineering requirements. According to the propagation law of measurement errors, the transverse through errors are mainly caused by the measurement factors of the wires in the holes; along with the extension of tunnel distance, the increase of wire number of establishing the station, the error that the wire measured can incessantly accumulate to lead to the inside horizontal through precision of tunnel to reduce by a wide margin.
At present, the measurement of the wires in the tunnel is usually carried out by adopting an observation method of manual collimation and automatic collimation, the observation based on any method is limited by the observation environment conditions such as smoke, dust, illumination and the like in the tunnel, the side length of the wires in the tunnel is generally controlled to be 300-400m, the maximum side length of the wires in the tunnel with better visual conditions is not more than 800m, and for example, the side length of the wires for through measurement in the engineering of the immersed tube tunnel of the HongZhong Zhu-Australian bridge is designed to be 720 m. Because the total length of the wire network in the tunnel is determined by the length of the tunnel, under the premise of not changing the length of the tunnel, the tunnel transverse through measurement needs to obtain higher precision, and the key is to increase the observation side length of the wires in the tunnel so as to reduce the number of the wires in the tunnel for station setting. In addition, along with the increase of the length of the tunnel and the continuous improvement of the requirement of engineering measurement precision, the conventional measurement method is difficult to adapt to the requirement of precision through measurement of the ultra-long tunnel.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the related art, the invention provides a method for measuring the penetration of a long-side wire of a tunnel, which is used for increasing the observation side length of the wire in the tunnel, reducing the station setting quantity of the wire and improving the measurement precision of the transverse penetration of the tunnel.
The invention provides a method for measuring the penetration of a long-side wire of a tunnel, which comprises the following steps:
s1, testing the farthest effective distance measurement in a tunnel by using a total station;
s2, setting an initial observation point, designing the side length of a wire, and setting a plurality of wire points according to the side length of the wire;
s3, erecting a total station at an initial observation point, taking a first wire point as a measuring point, and erecting a target at the measuring point;
s4, debugging the target to the optimal observation brightness;
s5, connecting the electronic handbook with a total station, and setting a horizontal angle observation difference limiting index;
s6, manually calibrating the target to observe the horizontal angle and record the horizontal angle in the electronic handbook, and automatically checking the precision in real time by the electronic handbook;
s7, after the horizontal angle observation is finished and the calculation is qualified, detaching the target and replacing the prism;
s8, measuring temperature and air pressure and recording the temperature and air pressure in the electronic handbook, and manually collimating the prism to observe the distance and record the distance in the electronic handbook;
and S9, after the distance observation is finished, moving the total station to the current measuring point, taking the next wire point as a new measuring point, erecting a target at the new measuring point, and repeating the observation according to the steps S4-S8 until all the wire points are observed.
According to the technical scheme, the target is used and the difference limiting index is observed at the horizontal angle, so that the influence of observation conditions in the tunnel is effectively reduced, the purpose of increasing the observation side length of the wires in the tunnel to reduce the number of the wires in the station is achieved, and the transverse through measurement precision of the tunnel is improved.
In some embodiments, in step S2, the layout range of the side length of the conductive wire is 1100-1500 m. The technical scheme obviously increases the observation side length of the conducting wire in the tunnel.
In some of these embodiments, in step S5, the horizontal angle observation tolerance indicator is set to: the half-measure return zero difference is not more than 3 ', the 2C within one measure return difference is not more than 6 ', and the measure return difference of the same direction value is not more than 3 '. According to the technical scheme, the high-standard horizontal angle observation tolerance index is set, the horizontal angle observation precision is strictly controlled, and the precision and the stability of horizontal angle observation are improved.
In some of these embodiments, a target, comprises:
the front surface of the shell is embedded with a light-transmitting plate;
the bank light is arranged in the shell and comprises a plurality of parallel lamp belts, and the lamp belts are all positioned on the same plane and are symmetrically arranged along the vertical central line of the shell; the light emitted by the lamp strip is directed towards the light-transmitting plate.
This technical scheme effectively reduces the influence of observation condition in the tunnel through the setting of bank of lights, reaches the purpose that increases the length of side in order to reduce the wire and establish the number of stations in the wire observation side in the tunnel.
In some of these embodiments, the light strip is a red light strip; the electric power of each lamp strip is 2.6W, and the brightness is 120-200 lumens. According to the technical scheme, the penetrating power and the brightness of the target are improved through the color and performance of the lamp strip.
In some of the embodiments, the number of the lamp strips is 12, the light emitting length of each lamp strip transmitted through the light-transmitting plate is 250mm, the width of each lamp strip is 5mm, and the distance between the adjacent lamp strips is 2 mm.
In some of these embodiments, the target further comprises a control switch for controlling the on and off of the light strip, the control switch being mounted on the back of the housing.
In some of these embodiments, the target further comprises a DC socket mounted on the rear face of the housing, the DC socket having an input connected to an external power source and an output connected to the bank of lights.
In some of these embodiments, the target further comprises an adapter, the upper portion of the adapter being connected to the bottom portion of the housing, the lower portion of the adapter housing a copper sleeve for mounting the adapter to a measurement base with a predetermined wire point through the copper sleeve. According to the technical scheme, the target and the measuring base are stably assembled through the arrangement of the adapter.
In some embodiments, the lower part of the adapter is also provided with a seat cover button, and the seat cover button comprises a button body and a positioning flange annularly arranged on the outer wall of the button body; the positioning flange is positioned in an accommodating hole formed by the adapter and the copper seat cover together, and the seat cover button reciprocates along the axial direction of the accommodating hole so as to enable the outer wall of the positioning flange to protrude into or separate from the inner cavity of the copper seat cover; the button body does not contact with the copper seat sleeve in the axial reciprocating motion process along the containing hole. According to the technical scheme, the convenience in disassembly and assembly between the target and the measuring base is realized through the arrangement of the seat cover button.
Based on the technical scheme, the method for measuring the through of the long-side wire of the tunnel can increase the observation side length of the wire in the tunnel to achieve the purpose of reducing the station setting number of the wire, and realizes that the observation target under the side length of 1500m of the wire in the tunnel is clear and stable, so that the measurement precision of the transverse through of the tunnel is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating steps of a method for measuring a penetration of a long-side wire of a tunnel according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a front view of a target of the present invention (light transmissive panel not shown);
fig. 3 is a rear perspective view of a target of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a target according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 5;
fig. 7 is a long-side wire net diagram in the immersed tunnel.
In the figure:
1. a housing; 2. a light-transmitting plate; 3. arranging lamps; 31. a light strip; 4. a control switch; 5. a DC outlet; 6. an adapter; 61. a copper seat cover; 62. a seat cover button; 621. a button body; 622. a positioning flange; 63. a button back plate; 64. a housing hole; 7. an upper cover; 8. and (4) riveting.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in fig. 2, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for measuring the penetration of the long-side wire of the tunnel comprises the following steps:
s1, testing the farthest effective distance measurement in a tunnel by using a total station; those skilled in the art can understand that ventilation is performed in the tunnel according to the industry convention before testing, so that air circulation in the tunnel is ensured, and observation is facilitated, and details are not repeated herein;
s2, setting an initial observation point, designing the side length of a wire according to the farthest effective distance measurement, and setting a plurality of wire points according to the side length of the wire; those skilled in the art can understand that forced centering observation piers are installed at the initial observation point and each wire point, so that the observation precision is convenient to improve, and details are not repeated herein;
s3, erecting a total station on an observation pier at the initial observation point, and erecting a target on the observation pier at the measurement point by taking the first wire point as a measurement point;
s4, connecting the target with an external power supply, and debugging the target to the optimal observation brightness to ensure that the target can be clearly illuminated manually;
s5, connecting the electronic handbook with a total station, and setting a horizontal angle observation difference limiting index;
as can be understood by those skilled in the art, the electronic handbook is internally provided with field data acquisition software, and the electronic handbook is matched with the total station for use, so that automatic data acquisition and resolving can be realized; before measurement, setting various measurement error control indexes in software in advance, automatically resolving various errors in real time by the software in the measurement process, automatically eliminating out-of-tolerance data until the data is qualified, and then automatically carrying out observation data adjustment calculation by the software, which is not described herein;
s6, manually calibrating the target to observe the horizontal angle and record the horizontal angle in the electronic handbook, and automatically checking the precision in real time by the electronic handbook; those skilled in the art can understand that each collimation needs to be performed independently, and a reading is recorded once per collimation, so that the electronic handbook can check the precision in real time, which is not described herein;
s7, after the horizontal angle observation is finished and the calculation is qualified, detaching the target and replacing the prism;
s8, measuring temperature and air pressure and recording the temperature and air pressure in the electronic handbook, and manually collimating the prism to observe the distance and record the distance in the electronic handbook;
and S9, after the distance observation is finished, moving the total station to an observation pier at the current measuring point, taking the next wire point as a new measuring point, erecting a target on the observation pier at the new measuring point, and repeating the observation according to the steps S4-S8 until all the wire points are observed.
According to the illustrative embodiment, the influence of observation conditions in the tunnel is effectively reduced through the use of the target and the arrangement of the horizontal angle observation tolerance index, the purpose of increasing the observation side length of the wires in the tunnel to reduce the number of the wires in the station is achieved, and the transverse through measurement precision of the tunnel is improved.
In some embodiments, in step S2, the layout range of the side length of the conductive wire is 1100-1500 m. This exemplary embodiment significantly increases the observed side length of the wire in the tunnel. It is understood that the range of the wire side length is set according to the farthest effective distance measurement obtained by the actual in-tunnel test, such as 1100m, 1200m, 1300m, 1400m and 1500 m.
In some embodiments, in step S5, the horizontal angle observation tolerance indicator is set to: the half-measure return zero difference is not more than 3 ', the 2C within one measure return difference is not more than 6 ', and the measure return difference of the same direction value is not more than 3 '. In the prior art, the horizontal angle observation tolerance index of the same observation level is set as follows: the half return-to-zero difference is not more than 4 ', the 2C mutual difference in one test return is not more than 8 ', and the mutual difference of each test return with the same direction value is not more than 4 '. As can be seen from the comparison, in the exemplary embodiment, the horizontal angle observation precision is strictly controlled by setting the horizontal angle observation tolerance index with a higher standard, and the precision and the stability of horizontal angle observation are improved.
As shown in fig. 2-4, in some embodiments, the target comprises a housing 1 and an array of lights 3. A light-transmitting plate 2 is embedded in the front surface of the shell 1 and used for transmitting light emitted by the row lamps 3; the top of the shell 1 is provided with an upper cover 7 for closing the top end of the shell 1; the casing 1 is usually made of aluminum alloy material, and the light-transmitting plate 2 is made of white transparent organic glass. The bank light 3 is arranged in the shell 1, and the bank light 3 comprises a plurality of parallel lamp strips 31; the lamp belts 31 are all positioned on the same plane and are symmetrically distributed along the vertical central line of the shell 1; the light emitted by the light strip 31 is directed towards the light-transmitting panel 2.
Above-mentioned exemplary embodiment, through the setting of bank of lights 3, effectively reduce the influence of observing the condition in the tunnel, reach the purpose that length of side is surveyed in order to reduce the wire and establish the station quantity to wire in the increase tunnel.
In some embodiments, the light strip 31 is a red light strip; the electric power of each lamp strip 31 is 2.6W, the brightness is 120-200 lumen, and the brightness of each lamp strip 31 can be manually adjusted. Further, in a measuring environment with dark light and much dust and salt fog in a tunnel, the penetrating power of blue light, yellow light, green light and white light is weak, when the side length of a lead exceeds 700m, a measuring target becomes fuzzy, and the accuracy of manual collimation observation is difficult to realize; the penetrating power of red light is strong, when the length of the edge of the lead is 1500m, the measurement target is still clear, the light source is not dispersed, and the accuracy of manual collimation observation is high.
In the above exemplary embodiment, the penetration and brightness of the target are improved by the color and performance of the light strip 31, so that the profile of the target, which is a measurement target, is clear and stable, and manual collimation observation is facilitated.
As shown in fig. 2, 4, in some embodiments, the number of the light strips 31 is 12; the light-emitting length L of each lamp strip 31 through the transmission of light-transmitting plate 2 is 250mm, the width W is 5mm, and the interval P between adjacent lamp strips 31 is 2 mm. Further, all the lamp strips 31 are symmetrically arranged along the vertical center line of the target to be combined into the bank light 3; in the manufacturing process of the bank light 3, the dimensional accuracy needs to be strictly ensured, and the error is less than 0.5 mm. This exemplary embodiment, through the quantity and the size setting of lamp area 31, realized bank light 3's structural design.
As shown in fig. 3, 4, in some embodiments, the target further comprises a control switch 4 for controlling the on and off of the light strip 31, the control switch 4 being mounted on the back of the housing 1. Further, the control switch 4 includes a plurality of sub-switches, each sub-switch controls the on/off of a plurality of light strips 31, and the number of the on/off of the light strips 31 is adjusted according to the specific observation environment and the actual side length of the conducting wire in the tunnel. In this embodiment, the control switch 4 includes 6 sub-switches, each of which controls the on/off of the two symmetrical light strips 31, and the light transmission amount of the target is controlled and adjusted by the sub-switches. It is understood that the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can flexibly adjust the specific setting of the control switch 4 according to actual needs. This exemplary embodiment, through control switch 4's setting, the manual regulation and control light transmission volume of being convenient for, it is nimble convenient, improve work efficiency.
As shown in fig. 3, 4, in some embodiments the target further comprises a DC socket 5 mounted on the rear face of the housing 1, the DC socket 5 having an input connected to an external power source and an output connected to the bank of lights 3. Further, the target adopts a 12V battery as an external basic power supply, and a 60AH battery can provide continuous 6-hour observation at night. The exemplary embodiment realizes the connection between the target and an external power source, and solves the power supply problem of the target.
As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 6, in some embodiments, the target further comprises an adapter 6, wherein the upper part of the adapter 6 is connected with the bottom of the housing 1, and the lower part of the adapter 6 is provided with a copper sleeve 61, so that the adapter 6 is mounted on a measuring base (not shown) with preset wire points through the copper sleeve 61. Further, the target center and the center of the surveying base are located on the same vertical line by the adapter 6. After the target and the measuring base are installed, whether the upper center line and the lower center line of the target coincide or not is monitored by using the vertical angle function of the total station, the installation accuracy is guaranteed to be less than 1.0mm, and the tunnel through measurement accuracy is further guaranteed. In addition, the adapter 6 can rotate 360 degrees relative to the measuring base, so that the light emitting direction of the target can be flexibly adjusted according to observation requirements. The exemplary embodiment, through the arrangement of the adapter 6, achieves a stable assembly of the target with the measuring base.
As shown in fig. 2, 4-6, in some embodiments, the lower portion of the adaptor 6 is further provided with a seat cover button 62, and the seat cover button 62 comprises a button body 621 and a positioning flange 622 circumferentially disposed on the outer wall of the button body 621; the positioning flange 622 is positioned in a containing hole 64 formed by the adapter 6 and the copper sleeve 61 together, and the sleeve button 62 reciprocates along the axial direction of the containing hole 64 so as to enable the outer wall of the positioning flange 622 to protrude into or separate from the inner cavity of the copper sleeve 61; the button body 621 does not come into contact with the copper seat cover 61 during the axial reciprocation along the accommodation hole 64.
To explain this, the seat cover button 62 is mounted on the front surface of the adaptor 6, the button back plate 63 is mounted on the back surface of the adaptor 6, and the seat cover button 62 is provided with an ejecting mechanism (not shown) which is pressed against the button back plate 63. When the adapter 6 and the measuring base are in an assembly state, under the action of the elastic force of the pop-up mechanism, the socket sleeve button 62 protrudes into the positioning flange 622 of the inner cavity of the copper socket sleeve 61 to be clamped and limited with the measuring base, so that the adapter 6 and the measuring base are tightly connected; the sleeve button 62 is pressed down, the positioning flange 622 is separated from the inner cavity of the copper sleeve 61, namely, the measuring base is not clamped and limited any more, and the button body 621 does not contact with the copper sleeve 61 in the moving process, so that the adapter 6 can be conveniently taken down from the measuring base.
The illustrative embodiment described above, through the arrangement of the seat cover button 62, realizes the convenience of disassembly and assembly between the target and the measuring base, saves time and labor, and improves the working efficiency.
In order to fully explain the beneficial effects of the invention, the communication measurement is carried out from the control point outside the west artificial island of the immersed tube tunnel of the mao bridge of hong Zhu and Australia to the E29 tube joint of the communication surface, and the total length is measured to be about 6 km; after the 720m double-line combined lock net is adopted for measurement, a 1300m long-side wire net is adopted for measurement and check. Further, the outside of the long-side wire hole is arranged in one-point-one direction, a full wire net is respectively arranged in the left lane and the right lane in the hole and connected with each other, and the arrangement net shape is shown in fig. 7.
The results of the two-wire mesh and long wire mesh penetration measurements are given in the following table:
according to the comparison, the transverse through X coordinate difference of the right lane through surface is 8.5mm, and the longitudinal through Y coordinate difference is 3.7 mm; the difference of the transverse through X coordinates of the through surface of the left lane is 9.6mm, the difference of the longitudinal through Y coordinates is 4.0mm, and the difference of the coordinates of the two lanes is similar, so that the measurement results of the long-side wire mesh and the double-line combined mesh locking have high precision and reliability. However, on the premise of the same tunnel length, the long-side wire mesh has fewer wire points due to the arrangement of the long-side wire mesh, so that the economic benefit is higher, the practicability is stronger, and particularly for long tunnels and extra-long tunnels, the advantages of the through measurement of the long-side wires are more prominent along with the increase of the tunnel length, and the measurement accuracy and efficiency are obviously improved; therefore, the through measurement method of the long-side lead can promote the development and engineering application of the precision engineering measurement of the ultra-long tunnel.
Furthermore, the theoretical precision and the actual precision of the long-side wire penetration measurement are subjected to statistical comparison analysis, and the tunnel is subjected to precision simulation estimation by using the fool software according to the net shape and the observation precision shown in fig. 7. And through actual measurement, the actual measurement precision is found to be far higher than the theoretical evaluation precision, and the reliability of the through measurement result of the long-side wire is verified again. The long-side wire penetration measurement theory and the actual measurement precision are compared with the following table.
| Roll call | Number of lead edges | Theoretical total error/mm | Actual measurement total error/mm |
| JX | 0 | 1.20 | 1.20 |
| |
1 | 4.37 | 2.56 |
| RR10 | 2 | 9.10 | 5.53 |
| RR17 | 3 | 14.95 | 8.77 |
| RR25 | 4 | 20.87 | 12.39 |
| RR29 | 5 | 22.25 | 14.01 |
Through the description of the embodiments of the method for measuring the wire penetration of the long side of the tunnel, at least one or more of the following advantages can be obtained:
1. by means of the arrangement of the targets, the influence of observation conditions in the tunnel is effectively reduced, and the observation side length of the wires in the tunnel is increased, so that the purpose of reducing the number of the wires in the station is achieved;
2. the method for measuring the penetration of the long-side wire of the tunnel is suitable for measuring the transverse penetration of the tunnel in any net distribution mode in the tunnel; under the technical situation that the side length of a wire in the existing tunnel is not more than 800m, the wire is increased to 1500m in a breakthrough manner, the observation target is ensured to be clear and stable, and the measurement precision of the transverse through of the tunnel is obviously improved; the method for measuring the through of the long-side wire of the tunnel has higher economic benefit and stronger practicability, and can promote the development and engineering application of the precision engineering measurement of the ultra-long tunnel.
Finally, it should be noted that: the embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for measuring the penetration of the long-side wire of the tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, testing the farthest effective distance measurement in a tunnel by using a total station;
s2, setting an initial observation point, designing the side length of a wire, and setting a plurality of wire points according to the side length of the wire;
s3, erecting the total station at the initial observation point, and erecting a target at the measurement point by taking a first wire point as a measurement point;
s4, debugging the target to the optimal observation brightness;
s5, connecting the electronic handbook with the total station, and setting a horizontal angle observation difference limiting index;
s6, manually calibrating the target to observe a horizontal angle and record the horizontal angle in the electronic handbook, and automatically checking the precision in real time by the electronic handbook;
s7, after the horizontal angle observation is finished and the horizontal angle is calculated to be qualified, the target is disassembled and the prism is replaced;
s8, measuring temperature and air pressure, recording the temperature and air pressure in the electronic handbook, and manually aiming at the prism to observe the distance and recording the distance in the electronic handbook;
and S9, after the distance observation is finished, moving the total station to the current measuring point, taking the next wire point as a new measuring point, erecting the target at the new measuring point, and repeating the observation according to the steps S4-S8 until all the wire points are observed.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, the length of the wire side is in the range of 1100-1500 m.
3. The method for measuring the penetration of a long-side wire in a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, the horizontal angle observation tolerance index is set as: the half-measure return zero difference is not more than 3 ', the 2C within one measure return difference is not more than 6 ', and the measure return difference of the same direction value is not more than 3 '.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the target comprises:
the front surface of the shell is embedded with a light-transmitting plate;
the bank light is arranged in the shell and comprises a plurality of parallel lamp belts, and the lamp belts are all positioned on the same plane and symmetrically arranged along the vertical central line of the shell; the light emitted by the lamp strip is directed towards the light-transmitting plate.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the lamp strips are red lamp strips, each lamp strip has an electric power of 2.6W and a brightness of 120 and 200 lumens.
6. The method for measuring the penetration of the long-side wire of the tunnel according to claim 5, wherein the number of the lamp strips is 12, the light-emitting length of each lamp strip transmitted through the light-transmitting plate is 250mm, the width of each lamp strip is 5mm, and the distance between the adjacent lamp strips is 2 mm.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the target further comprises a control switch for controlling the on/off of the light strip, the control switch being mounted on the back of the housing.
8. The method of claim 4, wherein the target further comprises a DC socket mounted on the back of the housing, the DC socket having an input connected to an external power source and an output connected to the bank of lights.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the target further comprises an adapter, the upper part of the adapter is connected with the bottom of the housing, and the lower part of the adapter is provided with a copper sleeve, so that the adapter can be mounted on the measuring base with the preset wire point through the copper sleeve.
10. The method for measuring the penetration of the long-side wire of the tunnel according to claim 9, wherein a seat sleeve button is further installed on the lower portion of the adapter, and the seat sleeve button comprises a button body and a positioning flange annularly arranged on the outer wall of the button body; the positioning flange is positioned in an accommodating hole formed by the adapter and the copper seat cover together, and the seat cover button reciprocates along the axial direction of the accommodating hole so as to enable the outer wall of the positioning flange to protrude into or separate from the inner cavity of the copper seat cover; the button body does not contact with the copper seat sleeve in the axial reciprocating motion process along the containing hole.
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| CN202110866334.7A CN113532403B (en) | 2021-07-29 | 2021-07-29 | Tunnel long-side wire penetration measuring method |
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| CN202110866334.7A CN113532403B (en) | 2021-07-29 | 2021-07-29 | Tunnel long-side wire penetration measuring method |
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| CN113532403B CN113532403B (en) | 2023-01-10 |
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