CN113530566B - Rock burst pressure relief and danger relief method - Google Patents
Rock burst pressure relief and danger relief method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113530566B CN113530566B CN202111030128.9A CN202111030128A CN113530566B CN 113530566 B CN113530566 B CN 113530566B CN 202111030128 A CN202111030128 A CN 202111030128A CN 113530566 B CN113530566 B CN 113530566B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000002303 tibia Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of underground coal mine roadway support, and particularly relates to a rock burst pressure relief and danger elimination method, which comprises a roadway bifurcation section, wherein an abdication energy absorption support mechanism is arranged in the roadway bifurcation section, the outer wall of the abdication energy absorption support mechanism is provided with a shallow surrounding rock anchor net support ring, the abdication energy absorption support mechanism comprises an O-shaped steel shed frame, a pressure decomposition pressure relief layer and a pressure division toughness cylinder, a plurality of layers are respectively arranged on the pressure decomposition pressure relief layer and the pressure division toughness cylinder and are distributed at intervals, the pressure decomposition pressure relief layer is formed by a plurality of arc-shaped buffer partial pressure steel plates distributed in a fish scale shape, impact energy is abducted and absorbed through the arranged abdication energy absorption support mechanism, the destructiveness of rock burst is weakened, and meanwhile, the pressure is dispersed to the whole O-shaped steel shed frame by the cooperation of the arc-shaped buffer partial pressure division steel plates and the partial pressure division toughness cylinder, so that the whole support collapse system caused by local instability of the support system is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of underground coal mine roadway support, and particularly relates to a rock burst pressure relief and danger relief method.
Background
The rock burst is one of the most serious natural disasters in coal mines worldwide, the rock burst is caused by high concentration of the stress of the coal rock mass due to mining and geological effects, a great amount of elastic deformation potential is accumulated, when the stress exceeds an allowable limit state, the coal rock mass releases deformation energy in a sudden, rapid and violent mode, the coal rock mass is thrown out, the support is damaged, the caving is propped, the roadway is blocked, hurt personnel are especially located in the high stress concentration areas such as roadway branch road sections, the rock burst accident is more likely to happen, the support shows local vulnerability and damage to the rock burst, even the whole instability is likely to happen, the serious consequences are caused when the support is bad, the instability damage of the support system is mainly not due to insufficient strength, but due to the impact resistance of the support, the function of no good relief buffer is not achieved, the coal mine in China generally enters the mining stage at present, the higher requirements of strong pressure and more complex geological conditions on the support are met, so that a more reasonable support method is needed to guarantee the mining work of the coal mine is needed to be carried out smoothly.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the problems set forth in the background art. The invention provides a rock burst pressure relief and danger relief method, which has the characteristics of elastic pressure relief and energy absorption and fully exerts the supporting force of a supporting bracket.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the rock burst pressure relief and danger relief method comprises a roadway bifurcation section, wherein the yielding energy-absorbing supporting mechanism is installed in the roadway bifurcation section, the outer wall of the yielding energy-absorbing supporting mechanism is built with the shallow surrounding rock anchor net supporting ring, the yielding energy-absorbing supporting mechanism comprises an O-shaped steel canopy frame, a pressure decomposition pressure relief layer and a pressure division ductile cylinder, the pressure decomposition pressure relief layer and the pressure division ductile cylinder are respectively provided with a plurality of layers and are distributed at intervals, a plurality of cross beams are installed on the outer side of the O-shaped steel canopy frame, the outer side of each cross beam is connected with the pressure decomposition pressure relief layer, the inner part of the shallow surrounding rock anchor net supporting ring is connected with the pressure decomposition pressure relief layer, the pressure decomposition pressure relief layer is formed by a plurality of arc-shaped buffering pressure division steel plates, and the arc-shaped buffering pressure division steel plates are distributed in a fish scale shape;
the method specifically comprises the following implementation steps:
step one: after the roadway bifurcation road section is tunneled, the full-section anchor net concrete spraying is completed rapidly, the surrounding rock stress condition is detected by an electromagnetic radiation method, a microseismic system and an online stress monitoring system, the whole process verification is carried out by adopting a drilling method of a drilling powder rate index method, and a surrounding rock stress relief method and parameters are determined according to surrounding rock detection results and mining conditions;
step two: after the step one is completed, according to the detection result, adopting a blasting pressure relief method or a high-pressure water injection pressure relief method to relieve pressure on the roadway bifurcation section, after the completion, verifying again by using a drilling method and a drilling method to determine whether the pressure relief is completed, if the rock burst still exists, performing the pressure relief again, and then installing a plurality of grouting anchor rods into the shallow surrounding rock according to the surrounding rock condition, wherein the grouting anchor rods are mutually penetrated around and form the shallow surrounding rock anchor net support ring with the full-section anchor net sprayed concrete;
step three: after the step two is completed, the yielding energy-absorbing supporting mechanism is built in the formed shallow surrounding rock supporting ring, the supporting of the roadway bifurcation road section is completed, and then the roadway pavement is built at the bottom of the roadway bifurcation road section.
The method comprises the steps of rapidly completing the full-section anchor net concrete spraying after a roadway bifurcation section is excavated in a high-stress concentration area such as the roadway bifurcation section, providing simple support, sealing a shallow rock layer, avoiding the falling of surrounding rock surface rock blocks, causing danger, detecting the surrounding rock stress condition by using an electromagnetic radiation method, a microseismic system and an on-line stress monitoring system, performing overall process verification by adopting a drilling powder index drilling method, determining a surrounding rock stress pressure relief method and parameters according to surrounding rock detection results and mining conditions, performing pressure relief on surrounding rock around the roadway bifurcation section by using a blasting pressure relief method or a high-pressure water injection pressure relief method, transferring surrounding rock stress to a rock stratum deep layer, simultaneously vibrating a large number of cracks in the shallow rock layer, driving a plurality of grouting anchors in the shallow rock layer, adopting high-pressure grouting, enabling the grouting to permeate into the shallow rock layer crack, mutually forming the uniform surrounding rock anchor net support by matching with the full-section anchor net, reducing the difference between the shallow rock surface rock and the deep rock, then performing cementing stress relief on the surrounding rock stress anchor net, performing partial pressure relief on the deep rock layer, and transmitting the partial pressure to the arc-shaped steel frame, and further improving the partial pressure of the arc-shaped steel frame, and reducing the partial pressure of the arc-shaped steel frame, and further performing partial pressure relief, thereby improving the partial pressure of the arc-shaped steel frame, and reducing the partial pressure of the partial pressure frame, and reducing the partial pressure and the partial pressure by adopting the partial pressure frame, the roadway pavement is used for personnel passing and coal transportation.
Preferably, one end of the arc buffering partial pressure steel plate is connected with the partial pressure flexible cylinder, the other end of the arc buffering partial pressure steel plate is in sliding connection with the adjacent arc buffering partial pressure steel plate, the connection point of the arc buffering partial pressure steel plate and the partial pressure flexible cylinder is close to the connection point of the next layer of the arc buffering partial pressure steel plate and the partial pressure flexible cylinder, when the pressure decomposition pressure relief layer receives external applied local stress, the arc buffering partial pressure steel plate distributed in a fish scale shape is dispersed to the whole pressure decomposition pressure relief layer and then is transmitted to the partial pressure flexible cylinder, the connection point of the arc buffering partial pressure steel plate and the partial pressure flexible cylinder is close to the connection point of the next layer of the arc buffering partial pressure steel plate, and the lower layer of the arc buffering partial pressure steel plate starts to bear force and is dispersed to the connected arc buffering partial pressure steel plate, so that the arc buffering partial pressure steel plate is more favorable to be matched with the partial pressure flexible cylinder to remove the pressure decomposition pressure relief layer receives external applied local stress.
Preferably, a plurality of pressure relief maintenance holes are formed in the yielding energy-absorbing supporting mechanism, the pressure relief maintenance holes penetrate through the yielding energy-absorbing supporting mechanism, the pressure relief maintenance holes are located between two adjacent O-shaped steel shelves, after the yielding energy-absorbing supporting mechanism is subjected to pressure deformation, the pressure relief maintenance holes are used for blasting and relieving pressure of the shallow surrounding rock anchor net supporting ring at the deformed position, blasted slag is taken out, the arc-shaped buffering partial pressure steel plate is restored to a certain extent due to the characteristics of the arc-shaped buffering partial pressure steel plate, the grouting anchor rods are installed at high pressure again through the pressure relief maintenance holes, and the shallow surrounding rock anchor net supporting ring is restored.
Preferably, the partial pressure toughness cylinder is a concrete spray layer with steel wire rope grids as tendons and bones, steel wire ropes with tensile strength grade not lower than 1770MPa are selected, and the partial pressure toughness cylinder cannot break when being integrally deformed under pressure.
Preferably, the outer wall of the partial pressure ductile cast at the middle part of the pressure decomposition pressure relief layer is provided with a plurality of elastic installation seats, one side of the elastic installation seats, which is far away from the partial pressure ductile cast, is provided with a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor side by side, the top end of the first pressure sensor is close to the arc-shaped buffering partial pressure steel plate, the top end of the second pressure sensor is far away from the arc-shaped buffering partial pressure steel plate, the top of the inner wall of the O-shaped steel shed frame is provided with an installation box, the inside of the installation box is provided with a dry battery, the dry battery is close to the inner wall of the O-shaped steel shed frame, the bottom of the dry battery is provided with an alarm, the bottom of the alarm is provided with an emergency lighting lamp, the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are arranged side by side, when the pressure decomposition pressure relief layer is subjected to light external pressure, the arc-shaped buffering partial pressure steel plate is stressed to deform, the first pressure sensor is pressed, the first pressure sensor is prevented from sinking into the elastic installation seat, the dry battery is pressed down, the dry battery is close to the inner wall of the O-shaped steel shed frame, the emergency lighting lamp is warned to be turned on when the emergency lighting lamp is turned off, and the emergency lighting lamp is turned on when the emergency lighting alarm is stressed by the emergency lighting device, and the emergency lighting alarm is turned on.
Preferably, the grouting anchor rod is anchored by adopting a high-pressure grouting mode, the grouting anchor rod is distributed on the full section of the roadway bifurcation section, the grouting anchor rod is connected with an anchor network junction point of full-section anchor network sprayed concrete, the full-section anchor network sprayed concrete adopts a concrete sprayed layer with reinforcing steel bars as tibia, the density of the grouting anchor rod is determined according to the stress condition of the shallow surrounding rock, the slurry permeation area of the grouting anchor rod can be glued with each other, the shallow surrounding rock is anchored by adopting the high-pressure grouting mode, mortar is pressed into the shallow surrounding rock gap, a plurality of grouting anchor rods are in permeation fit, the internal stress of the shallow surrounding rock is increased, the stress difference between the grouting anchor rod and the deep stratum is reduced, the reinforcing steel bars serving as tibia when the full-section anchor network sprayed concrete is paved are perpendicular to the section of the O-shaped steel shed frame, and the stress born by the full-section anchor network sprayed concrete is conveniently transferred to the yielding support energy absorbing mechanism.
Preferably, the roadway road surface comprises a used road surface, a yielding road surface and an arched support frame, wherein the arched support frame is installed in the arched support frame, the top end of the arched support frame is provided with the used road surface, the used road surface is connected with the O-shaped steel support frame through the yielding road surface, sand stone and other materials are filled in a space formed by the used road surface and the yielding road surface and the O-shaped steel support frame, the roadway road surface is used for personnel passing and coal transportation, when the O-shaped steel support frame is stressed and deformed, the arched support frame is stressed and deformed, the used road surface is wholly lifted, the use of the roadway is not influenced, and the applicability of the roadway is improved.
Preferably, the upper and lower surfaces of arc buffering partial pressure steel sheet all are provided with the skid resistant course, the skid resistant course of arc buffering partial pressure steel sheet is the wavy anti-skidding structure of mutually supporting, can make at the arc buffering partial pressure steel sheet under the state of fully compressing tightly, can cooperate each other, then reaches anti-skidding effect for the arc buffering partial pressure steel sheet is close to forming wholly, provides sufficient holding power.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the grouting anchor rods are used for anchoring the superficial surrounding rock in a high-pressure grouting mode, mortar is pressed into gaps of the superficial surrounding rock, the grouting anchor rods are matched with the full-section anchor net to spray concrete to form a supporting ring of the superficial surrounding rock anchor net, the internal stress of the superficial surrounding rock is increased, the stress difference between a deep stratum and the superficial surrounding rock is reduced, the stability of supporting a roadway bifurcation road section is improved, when rock burst happens, the energy-absorbing supporting mechanism is used for absorbing impact energy in a yielding mode through the arranged yielding energy-absorbing supporting mechanism, the destructiveness of the rock burst is weakened, meanwhile, the arc-shaped buffering partial pressure steel plates distributed in a fish scale shape are matched with the partial pressure ductile cylinder to uniformly disperse energy to the whole support of the O-shaped steel shed frame, and the O-shaped steel shed frame is fully utilized to avoid the collapse of the whole supporting system due to local instability.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the pressure breakdown of rock burst in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention after being subjected to a slight rock burst impact;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention after being subjected to a relatively severe rock burst impact;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the partial pressure ductile cast and the arc-shaped buffer partial pressure steel plate in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a pressure relief layer according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the mounting box of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. roadway bifurcation road sections; 2. the abdication energy-absorbing supporting mechanism; 3. o-shaped steel canopy frame; 31. a cross beam; 4. a pressure decomposition pressure relief layer; 41. arc-shaped buffer partial pressure steel plates; 5. a partial pressure toughness cylinder; 6. spraying concrete on the full-section anchor net; 7. grouting an anchor rod; 8. supporting ring of the anchor net of the superficial surrounding rock; 9. roadway pavement, 91, use pavement, 92, abdication pavement, 93, arch support frame; 10. pressure relief maintenance holes; 11. a mounting box; 111. a dry cell; 112. an alarm; 113. an emergency lighting lamp; 12. a first pressure sensor; 13. a second pressure sensor; 14. and an elastic mounting seat.
Detailed Description
Example 1
When the rock burst accident does not occur in the roadway bifurcation road section:
referring to fig. 1-8, the invention provides a rock burst pressure relief and danger elimination method, which comprises a roadway bifurcation section 1, wherein a yielding energy-absorbing supporting mechanism 2 is arranged in the roadway bifurcation section 1, a superficial surrounding rock anchor net support ring 8 is built on the outer wall of the yielding energy-absorbing supporting mechanism 2, the yielding energy-absorbing supporting mechanism 2 comprises an O-shaped steel canopy frame 3, a pressure decomposition pressure relief layer 4 and a pressure division ductile cylinder 5, the pressure decomposition pressure relief layer 4 and the pressure division ductile cylinder 5 are respectively provided with a plurality of layers and are distributed at intervals, a plurality of cross beams 31 are arranged on the outer side of the O-shaped steel canopy frame 3, the outer side of the cross beams 31 is connected with the pressure decomposition pressure relief layer 4, the interior of the superficial surrounding rock anchor net support ring 8 is connected with the pressure decomposition pressure relief layer 4, the pressure decomposition pressure relief layer 4 is formed by a plurality of arc-shaped buffering pressure division steel plates 41, and the arc-shaped buffering pressure division steel plates 41 are distributed in a scale shape;
the method specifically comprises the following implementation steps:
step one: after the roadway bifurcation road section 1 is tunneled, the full-section anchor net concrete spraying 6 is completed rapidly, the surrounding rock stress condition is detected by an electromagnetic radiation method, a microseismic system and an online stress monitoring system, the whole process verification is carried out by adopting a drilling method of a drilling powder rate index method, and a surrounding rock stress relief method and parameters are determined according to surrounding rock detection results and mining conditions;
step two: after the step one is completed, according to the detection result, adopting a blasting pressure relief method or a high-pressure water injection pressure relief method to relieve pressure on a roadway bifurcation section 1, after the completion, verifying again by using a drilling method and a drilling method to determine whether the pressure relief is completed, if rock burst is still detected, performing the pressure relief again, then installing a plurality of grouting anchor rods 7 into the shallow surrounding rock according to the surrounding rock condition, and mutually penetrating around the grouting anchor rods 7 to form a shallow surrounding rock anchor net support ring 8 with the full-section anchor net sprayed concrete 6;
step three: after the step two is completed, a yielding energy-absorbing supporting mechanism 2 is built in the formed shallow surrounding rock supporting ring 8, supporting of the roadway bifurcation road section 1 is completed, and then a roadway road surface 9 is built at the bottom of the roadway bifurcation road section 1.
In the embodiment, after a high stress concentration area such as a roadway bifurcation road section is excavated, a full-section anchor net concrete spraying 6 is required to be completed quickly, a simple support is provided, a shallow rock layer is sealed to avoid the falling of rock blocks on the surface of the surrounding rock, danger is caused, an electromagnetic radiation method, a microseismic system and an online stress monitoring system are utilized to detect the stress condition of the surrounding rock, a drilling powder rate index drilling cutting method is utilized to carry out overall process verification, a surrounding rock stress pressure relief method and parameters are determined according to the surrounding rock detection result and the mining condition, the surrounding rock around the roadway bifurcation road section 1 is subjected to pressure relief by using a blasting pressure relief method or a high-pressure water injection pressure relief method, the surrounding rock stress is transferred to the deep layer of the rock stratum, a large number of cracks are simultaneously vibrated in the shallow rock layer, a plurality of grouting anchor rods 7 are driven into the shallow surrounding rock layer, high-pressure grouting is adopted, and the mortar is permeated into the cracks of the shallow rock layer, the slurry permeation areas of the grouting anchor rods 7 are glued with each other, a homogeneous shallow surrounding rock anchor net supporting ring 8 is formed by matching with a full-section anchor net sprayed concrete 6, so that the stress difference between a shallow rock layer and a deep rock layer is reduced, then, a yielding energy-absorbing supporting mechanism 2 is arranged in the grouting anchor rods to form a stable supporting system, an arc-shaped buffering partial pressure steel plate 41 distributed in a fish scale shape disperses the local stress applied to the pressure decomposition pressure relief layer 4 outside to the whole pressure decomposition pressure relief layer 4, then, the partial pressure is transferred to a partial pressure ductile cylinder 5 connected with the pressure decomposition pressure relief layer 4, after multiple component forces, the partial pressure is transferred to an O-shaped steel canopy frame 3, the problem that the O-shaped steel canopy frame 3 cannot exert the maximum supporting performance due to the local deformation caused by the excessive local stress is solved, meanwhile, the arc-shaped buffering partial pressure steel plate 41 deforms, the buffering pressure is further decomposed, the integral supporting performance of a roadway is improved, roadway surface 9 is used for personnel traffic and coal transportation.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, one end of the arc buffering and pressure-dividing steel plate 41 is connected with the pressure-dividing ductile tube 5, the other end of the arc buffering and pressure-dividing steel plate 41 is slidably connected with the adjacent arc buffering and pressure-dividing steel plate 41, the connection point of the arc buffering and pressure-dividing steel plate 41 and the pressure-dividing ductile tube 5 is close to the connection point of the top end of the next arc buffering and pressure-dividing steel plate 41 and the pressure-dividing ductile tube 5, when the pressure decomposition pressure-releasing layer 4 receives the external applied local stress, the arc buffering and pressure-dividing steel plate 41 distributed in a scale shape is dispersed to the whole pressure decomposition pressure-releasing layer 4 and then is transmitted to the pressure-dividing ductile tube 5, the connection point of the arc buffering and pressure-dividing steel plate 41 and the pressure-dividing ductile tube 5 is close to the connection point of the top end of the next arc buffering and pressure-dividing steel plate 41, and the lower arc buffering and pressure-dividing steel plate 41 begins to bear the force and is dispersed to the connected arc buffering and pressure-dividing steel plate 41, so that the arc buffering and pressure-dividing steel plate is more favorable for being matched with the pressure-dividing ductile tube 5 to release and disperse the pressure-releasing the pressure decomposition pressure-releasing layer 4 by the external applied local stress.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a plurality of pressure relief maintenance holes 10 are formed in the yielding energy-absorbing supporting mechanism 2, the pressure relief maintenance holes 10 penetrate through the yielding energy-absorbing supporting mechanism 2, the pressure relief maintenance holes 10 are located between two adjacent O-shaped steel shelves 3, after the yielding energy-absorbing supporting mechanism 2 is subjected to pressure deformation, the pressure relief maintenance holes 10 are used for blasting and relieving the pressure of the superficial surrounding rock anchor net supporting ring 8 at the deformed position, blasted slag is taken out, the arc-shaped buffering and pressure-dividing steel plate 41 is restored to a certain extent due to the characteristics of the arc-shaped buffering and pressure-dividing steel plate, the grouting anchor rods 7 are installed under high pressure again through the pressure relief maintenance holes 10, and the superficial surrounding rock anchor net supporting ring 8 is restored.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the partial pressure ductile cast 5 is a concrete spray layer with steel wire mesh as tendons and bones, and steel wire ropes with tensile strength grade not lower than 1770MPa are selected, so that the partial pressure ductile cast 5 will not break when being integrally deformed under pressure.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 8, a plurality of elastic mounting seats 14 are installed on the outer wall of the partial pressure toughness cylinder 5 located in the middle of the pressure decomposition pressure relief layer 4, a first pressure sensor 12 and a second pressure sensor 13 are installed side by side on one side of the elastic mounting seats 14 away from the partial pressure toughness cylinder 5, the top end of the first pressure sensor 12 is close to the arc-shaped buffering partial pressure steel plate 41, the top end of the second pressure sensor 13 is far away from the arc-shaped buffering partial pressure steel plate 41, an installation box 11 is installed on the top of the inner wall of the O-shaped steel shed frame 3, a dry battery 11 is installed inside the installation box 11, the dry battery 111 is close to the inner wall of the O-shaped steel shed frame 3, an alarm 112 is installed at the bottom of the dry battery 111, an emergency lighting lamp 113 is installed at the bottom of the alarm 112, the first pressure sensor 12 and the second pressure sensor 13 are stressed to deform, the first pressure sensor 12 is pressed, the first pressure sensor 12 is sunk into the elastic mounting seats 14, the alarm 112 is avoided from being crushed, the alarm 112 gives out yellow alarm light, when the pressure decomposition pressure relief layer 4 is subjected to a larger external pressure, the alarm 112 gives out an emergency light, and the emergency lighting lamp is convenient for the emergency lighting lamp 113 to be turned on.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the grouting bolts 7 are anchored by adopting a high-pressure grouting mode, the grouting bolts 7 are distributed on the full section of the roadway bifurcation section 1, the grouting bolts 7 are connected with the anchor network junction of the full-section anchor network sprayed concrete 6, the full-section anchor network sprayed concrete 6 adopts a concrete sprayed layer with reinforcing steel bars as tibia, the density of the grouting bolts 7 is determined according to the stress condition of the shallow surrounding rock, the grout penetration areas of the grouting bolts 7 can be mutually cemented, the shallow surrounding rock is anchored by adopting the high-pressure grouting mode, the mortar is pressed into the gaps of the shallow surrounding rock, the grouting bolts 7 are in penetration fit with cementing, the internal stress of the shallow surrounding rock is increased, the stress difference between the grouting bolts and the deep stratum is reduced, the reinforcing steel bars serving as tibia when the full-section anchor network sprayed concrete 6 is paved are perpendicular to the section of the O-shaped steel shed 3, and the stress suffered by the full-section anchor network sprayed concrete 6 is conveniently transferred to the energy-absorbing and supporting mechanism 2.
In this embodiment, as in fig. 1, roadway surface 9, including using road surface 91, the road surface 92 of stepping down and arch support frame 93, the internally mounted of O shaped steel rack 3 has arch support frame 93, use road surface 91 is installed on the top of arch support frame 93, use road surface 81 to be connected with O shaped steel rack 3 through the road surface 92 of stepping down, use road surface 91 and the space intussuseption that road surface 92 and O shaped steel rack 3 are constituteed of stepping down are filled with materials such as grit, roadway surface 9 is used for personnel to pass and coal transportation, when O shaped steel rack 3 atress warp, arch support frame 93 atress warp, the road surface 92 warp of stepping down, use the whole lifting of road surface 91, the use of roadway is not influenced, roadway applicability has been improved.
Example two
Referring to fig. 1-4, the second embodiment is basically identical to the first embodiment except that:
when the stress high concentration areas such as the roadway branch road sections generate lighter rock burst:
the full-section anchor net sprayed concrete 6 receives local impact force, the shallow surrounding rock anchor net support ring 8 formed by the grouting anchor rod 7 and the full-section anchor net sprayed concrete 6 deforms, the impact force is transmitted to the yielding energy-absorbing support mechanism 2, the arc buffering partial pressure steel plate 41 distributed in a fish scale shape distributes the impact force and transmits the impact force to the partial pressure toughness tube 5, the arc buffering partial pressure steel plate 41 deforms under stress and presses the first pressure sensor 12, the first pressure sensor 12 sinks into the elastic mounting seat 14, the first pressure sensor 12 is prevented from being crushed, the alarm 112 alarms and emits yellow warning light, the partial pressure toughness tube 5 integrally deforms after being impacted by the impact force, the impact force is distributed to the whole partial pressure toughness tube 5, then the partial pressure toughness tube 5 transmits the distributed impact force to the pressure decomposition pressure relief layer 4 in contact with the pressure decomposition toughness tube, the impact force is uniformly distributed again and then transmitted to the O-shaped steel frame 3, the whole stress of the O-shaped steel frame 3 is fully utilized, the supporting capacity is fully utilized according to the yellow warning light position emitted by the alarm 11, the deep pressure relief protection hole 10 is used for blasting the shallow surrounding rock anchor net 8 at the deformation, the deep pressure relief system is restored by the anchor net, the pressure relief protection ring 10 is restored to the high-pressure protection ring, and the roadway is restored by the high-pressure protection system, the deep-section anchor net is restored by the pressure protection system, and the deep-section anchor net is restored by the pressure-down, and the pressure-down by the pressure-relieving device is restored by the pressure-relieved, and the pressure-relieving effect of the pressure is restored.
Example III
Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the third embodiment is basically identical to the first embodiment except that:
when severe rock burst occurs in the equal-stress high concentration areas of the roadway branch road sections, the rock burst is as follows:
the full-section anchor net sprayed concrete 6 receives local impact force, the shallow surrounding rock anchor net supporting ring 8 formed by the grouting anchor rod 7 and the full-section anchor net sprayed concrete 6 deforms, the impact force is transmitted to the yielding energy-absorbing supporting mechanism 2, the arc buffering partial pressure steel plates 41 distributed in a fish scale shape are transmitted to the partial pressure flexible barrel 5 after dispersing the impact force, the arc buffering partial pressure steel plates 41 are stressed and severely deformed to press the second pressure sensor 13, the alarm 112 rapidly alarms and emits red warning light, the emergency lighting lamp 113 is turned on, emergency evacuation of personnel is facilitated, the partial pressure flexible barrel 5 is integrally deformed after being impacted by the impact force, the impact force is dispersed to the whole partial pressure flexible barrel 5, then the partial pressure flexible barrel 5 transmits the dispersed impact force to the pressure decomposition pressure relief layer 4 contacted with the partial pressure flexible barrel, the pressure decomposition pressure relief layer 4 transmits the impact force to the O-shaped steel frame 3 after uniformly dispersing again, the O-shaped steel frame 3 is stressed and deformed, the arch-shaped frame 93 is stressed and deformed, the pavement 92 is integrally lifted by using the pavement 91, and emergency evacuation of personnel is facilitated.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. The rock burst pressure relief and danger relief method comprises a roadway bifurcation road section and is characterized in that: the energy-absorbing support mechanism comprises an O-shaped steel shed frame, pressure decomposition pressure relief layers and pressure division toughness cylinders, wherein multiple layers are respectively arranged on the pressure decomposition pressure relief layers and the pressure division toughness cylinders in a spaced mode, a plurality of cross beams are arranged on the outer sides of the O-shaped steel shed frame, the outer sides of the cross beams are connected with the pressure decomposition pressure relief layers, the inner parts of the shallow surrounding rock anchor mesh support rings are connected with the pressure decomposition pressure relief layers, the pressure decomposition pressure relief layers are formed by a plurality of arc-shaped buffering pressure division steel plates, and the arc-shaped buffering pressure division steel plates are distributed in a fish scale shape;
the method specifically comprises the following implementation steps:
step one: after the roadway bifurcation road section is tunneled, the full-section anchor net concrete spraying is completed rapidly, the surrounding rock stress condition is detected by an electromagnetic radiation method, a microseismic system and an online stress monitoring system, the whole process verification is carried out by a drilling powder rate index method (drilling cutting method), and a surrounding rock stress relief method and parameters are determined according to surrounding rock detection results and mining conditions;
step two: after the step one is completed, according to the detection result, adopting a blasting pressure relief method or a high-pressure water injection pressure relief method to relieve pressure on the roadway bifurcation section, after the completion, verifying again by using a drilling powder rate index method (drilling cutting method) to determine whether the pressure relief is completed, if rock burst is still detected, releasing pressure again, and then installing a plurality of grouting anchor rods into the shallow surrounding rock according to the surrounding rock condition, wherein the grouting anchor rods are mutually penetrated around to form a shallow surrounding rock anchor net support ring with the full-section anchor net sprayed concrete;
step three: after the step two is completed, the yielding energy-absorbing supporting mechanism is built in the formed shallow surrounding rock supporting ring, the supporting of the roadway bifurcation road section is completed, and then a roadway pavement is built at the bottom of the roadway bifurcation road section.
2. The rock burst pressure relief and endangerment method according to claim 1, wherein: one end of the arc buffering partial pressure steel plate is connected with the partial pressure ductile cast, the other end of the arc buffering partial pressure steel plate is connected with the adjacent arc buffering partial pressure steel plate in a sliding mode, and the connection point of the arc buffering partial pressure steel plate and the partial pressure ductile cast is close to the top end of the next arc buffering partial pressure steel plate and the connection point of the partial pressure ductile cast.
3. The rock burst pressure relief and endangerment method according to claim 1, wherein: the inner part of the yielding energy-absorbing supporting mechanism is provided with a plurality of pressure relief maintenance holes, the pressure relief maintenance holes penetrate through the yielding energy-absorbing supporting mechanism, and the pressure relief maintenance holes are positioned between two adjacent O-shaped steel shed frames.
4. A rock burst pressure relief and endangerment method according to claim 3, wherein: the pressure dividing toughness cylinder is a concrete spray layer with steel wire ropes as grids.
5. The rock burst pressure relief and endangerment method according to claim 4, wherein: the pressure decomposition pressure relief device comprises a pressure decomposition pressure relief layer, a pressure division flexible barrel, a pressure decomposition pressure relief device, a pressure decomposition device and an emergency lighting lamp.
6. The rock burst pressure relief and endangerment method according to claim 1, wherein: the grouting anchor rods are anchored in a high-pressure grouting mode, a plurality of grouting anchor rods are distributed on the full section of the roadway bifurcation section, the grouting anchor rods are connected with anchor network junction points of full-section anchor network sprayed concrete, and the full-section anchor network sprayed concrete is a concrete sprayed layer adopting reinforcing steel bars as tibia.
7. The rock burst pressure relief and endangerment method according to claim 1, wherein: the roadway pavement comprises a pavement, a yielding pavement and an arch-shaped supporting frame, wherein the arch-shaped supporting frame is arranged in the O-shaped steel shed frame, the pavement is arranged at the top end of the arch-shaped supporting frame, and the pavement is connected with the O-shaped steel shed frame through the yielding pavement.
8. The rock burst pressure relief and danger elimination method according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the upper surface and the lower surface of the arc buffering partial pressure steel plate are both provided with anti-slip layers.
9. The rock burst pressure relief and endangerment method of claim 8, wherein: the anti-slip layer of the arc buffering partial pressure steel plate is of a mutually matched wavy anti-slip structure.
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