CN113529575A - Construction process for backfilling construction waste of abutment back of high-grade highway bridge and culvert - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a construction process for backfilling construction waste of a high-grade highway bridge abutment back, which comprises the following steps of: the construction preparation (1) → measuring and paying-off (2) → ground surface cleaning, leveling and rolling (3) → restoring the center line (4) → paving (5) → leveling (6) → rolling (7) → detecting (8) → entering the next working procedure (9). The process is characterized in that the construction waste is used as bridge abutment back backfilling, waste building brick slag is utilized in the construction process, land resource utilization is reduced, energy conservation, environmental protection, no public nuisance and construction are realized, and the process plays an important role in national soil resource protection and environmental ecological balance.

Description

Construction process for backfilling construction waste of abutment back of high-grade highway bridge and culvert

The technical field is as follows:

the invention relates to a construction process for backfilling abutment backs of high-grade highway bridges and culverts, in particular to a construction process for backfilling construction waste of the abutment backs of the high-grade highway bridges and culverts.

Background art:

the traditional construction method of gravel, broken stone, lime soil or two-ash broken stone and the like is usually adopted when the abutment back of the high-grade highway bridge is backfilled, the procedure is complicated, the land acquisition area is increased, the construction progress is influenced, and the manufacturing cost is high. A large amount of building wastes are generated in the process of dismantling and transforming cities and towns, construction expenses such as land expenses, garbage clearing and transporting expenses and the like are often levitated in a large amount, and meanwhile, the problems of scattering, dust and flying ash and sand in the clearing, transporting and stacking processes cause serious environmental pollution.

The invention content is as follows:

in order to solve the problems in the background technology, the invention provides a construction process for backfilling construction waste of a high-grade highway bridge abutment back, which comprises the following steps: the construction is simple and easy to master, only the processed graded brick slag material is purchased, other complicated procedures are not needed, special processes such as land acquisition and approval are not needed, and the construction progress is accelerated.

The process scheme of the invention is realized by the following steps:

construction preparation → surveying and laying-out → surface cleaning of foundation, leveling and rolling → center line recovery → paving → leveling → rolling → detection → entering next procedure

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

● the construction technology is advanced, the construction is simple and easy to master, and no special processes such as land acquisition examination and approval are available.

● the waste building brick slag is used in the construction process, so that land resource utilization is reduced, energy is saved and environment is protected.

● it needs no large amount of capital for land acquisition, and wastes no time for land acquisition, thus reducing the engineering cost.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the specific implementation method comprises the following steps:

construction preparation (1) → measuring paying-off (2) → cleaning surface of foundation, leveling and rolling (3) → restoring center line (4) → spreading (5) → leveling (6) → rolling (7) → detecting (8) → entering next process (9)

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1: construction process flow chart

FIG. 2: processing drawing of construction waste

FIG. 3: back backfill rolling graph

FIG. 4: schematic diagram of steel pad

Application example:

1. introduction to the word

A large amount of building wastes are generated in the process of dismantling and transforming cities and towns, so that a large amount of construction expenses such as land acquisition cost, garbage clearing and transporting cost and the like are consumed, and meanwhile, the problems of scattering, dust and flying ash and sand in the clearing, transporting and stacking processes cause serious environmental pollution.

The whole length of a second-stage three-segment line of the mechanical-western expressway in Henan province is 13.5km, wherein 4% of cemented soil is backfilled at the back of a structure table in a design file, and the quantity of the cemented soil is 138260m³. The traditional process methods such as lime soil, gravel soil or lime-lime. In the construction process of 2016, the construction progress is influenced by large backfilling engineering quantity, increased treatment strength of countries and places on atmospheric environment and difficulty in local land acquisition. Therefore, after 20% of lime soil filling tasks are completed, under the assistance and guidance of project owners, design houses and technical service centers, construction schemes are changed, the construction waste is used for filling bridge and culvert abutment backs, good effects are obtained, and a high-grade highway bridge and culvert abutment back backfill construction method for construction waste is formed through company summary, research and development and perfection. The construction technology has the advantages of simple and direct construction process, meeting the engineering quality, accelerating the construction progress, reducing the construction resources, saving energy, reducing emission, being green and environment-friendly in construction and the like.

2. Process characteristics

2.1 Advance in construction technology

The construction method provides the optimal reasonable gradation of the bench back backfilled brick slag that the maximum grain diameter is less than or equal to 60mm, the content of the brick slag of 40-60 mm is 55-75%, the content of the brick slag of less than 0.075mm is less than or equal to 10%, the optimal porosity is less than or equal to 11%, and the virtual paving thickness of each layer of the brick slag is 25 cm.

2.2 the construction process is simple and the progress is fast

The technology has the advantages of simple construction, easy mastering, no other complicated construction procedures, no special processes such as land acquisition approval and the like, and quickening the construction progress, and only purchases the processed graded brick slag material.

2.3 energy-saving, green and environment-friendly

The waste building brick slag is utilized in the construction process, the utilization of land resources is reduced, and the method is energy-saving, environment-friendly, pollution-free and low in destructiveness and plays an important role in protecting national soil resources and balancing environment ecology.

2.4 high economic performance

Compared with the traditional platform back backfilling technology, the construction method is simple and convenient, does not need a large amount of land acquisition capital, does not waste time for land acquisition, reduces the engineering cost and has considerable economic benefit.

2.5 wide popularization and application range

The construction method has the advantages of simple construction process, convenient operation, meeting the quality requirement, energy conservation, environmental protection and convenient popularization and application.

3. Application scope

The method is suitable for backfilling all bridge abutments, culvert abutment backs and conical slopes of all levels of roads and backfilling abutment backs of other structures, in particular to engineering construction projects near towns.

4. Principle of the process

The graded brick slag belongs to building waste, has controllable and adjustable grading, good water permeability and proper strength, and can be used as a platform back backfill material for bridges and culverts.

The construction method comprises the steps of processing construction wastes and adjusting the optimal gradation, then paving, leveling and compacting in layers according to the construction specifications and the technical requirements of reasonable gradation of brick slag, layering thickness, rolling times and the like finally determined by a test section in the range of the platform back and the conical slope, and detecting settlement difference, porosity and deflection after compaction forming until the platform back filling work is completed.

5. Construction process flow and operation key points

5.1 construction Process

Construction preparation → surveying and laying out → surface cleaning of foundation, leveling and rolling → center line recovery → paving → leveling → rolling → detection → entering next procedure (see fig. 1).

5.2 operating points

5.2.1 preparation of construction

1) And the construction access road is well repaired, so that various construction vehicles are ensured to be smooth and unobstructed.

2) Preparing personnel: and organizing personnel with abundant professional construction experience and management to carry out construction according to the planning requirements of the construction scheme.

3) Material preparation

And preparing sufficient graded brick slag in a specified stockyard range according to the design requirements of a drawing so as to meet the quantity and quality of construction progress requirements. And manufacturing a plurality of settlement plate devices for observing the settlement and the stability of the roadbed.

4) Preparing mechanical equipment: according to construction conditions, each bench back working surface is provided with 1 bulldozer, 1 vibratory roller, 1 grader, 1 sprinkler, 1 small-sized tamper and the like. And 1 excavator is additionally arranged for shaping.

5) Technical preparation: laboratory field sampling for testing: a. analyzing the particles; b. a non-uniformity coefficient; c. limit moisture content, etc.

6) Paving a test section: before the official start of work, the test road section is paved. Through the test road section, the optimal matching state of the construction machinery such as transportation, paving and rolling is determined, the construction process, the compaction method, the compaction coefficient, the rolling times and the like are determined, and a summary file is formed and serves as a subsequent large-scale construction technology guidance file.

5.2.2 measurement payoff

And (4) using a total station to discharge the center line and the side line of the roadbed of the platform back, and using the side line and the center line of lime scattering positions and two cross section direction lines of the position of the test section origin-destination pile number to finish the identification work of the field range of the test section. After the marking work is finished, an elevation control point is arranged, the elevation at the position of the section 3 is detected, and the left side, the right side and the middle point are arranged.

And marking out the control line of the paving thickness of each layer at the back of the bridge and culvert platform body by using red paint.

5.2.3 ground surface cleaning, leveling and rolling

According to the design and construction requirements, a bulldozer is used for roughly leveling the foundation in the filling area, a grader is used for finely leveling the foundation, and then a road roller rolls the foundation to be qualified. Then the midline and the filled sidelines are restored.

5.2.4 paving grading brick slag

The dump truck is directed by a specially-assigned person to unload. The technical personnel lay the square grids within the range of the marked test section according to the parameters such as the planned loose laying thickness of the filler, the square quantity of each vehicle of the dumper, the plane area of the test section and the like, draw a 5m square grid line according to the measured central line, and calculate the quantity of the building waste filler and the quantity of the unloading of each square grid according to 25cm of each layer and the area of the grid.

5.2.5 leveling (Rough leveling, Fine leveling)

Paving and rough leveling are carried out by adopting a bulldozer, fine leveling is carried out by manually matching with a land leveler, 2% of transverse slopes are arranged from the middle to two sides, and the peripheries of the paving width of the filler exceed more than 30-50cm respectively so as to ensure the compactness of the side slope.

In order to control the paving thickness of the filler, a steel bar pile with a scale of 25cm is transversely arranged at the left point, the middle point and the right point, and a longitudinal stay wire is used as a reference for controlling the loose paving thickness during paving. After rough leveling, measuring an elevation control point by using a steel tape and matching with a total station, measuring the elevation of the elevation control point, and controlling the loose paving thickness of the paved and rough leveled filler to be not more than 25 cm.

And sprinkling water by using a sprinkling truck after leveling.

5.2.6 Rolling

The rolling is carried out according to the principle of firstly carrying out edge rolling and then carrying out middle rolling, firstly carrying out slow rolling and then carrying out fast rolling, firstly carrying out light rolling and then carrying out heavy rolling, and firstly carrying out static pressing and then carrying out vibration. (see FIG. 3)

1) Stabilizing the pressure before rolling: before the filler is subjected to heavy-duty excitation rolling, the filler is subjected to static pressure, the static pressure direction is in a transverse advancing and retreating type, the filler is rolled from a direction far away from a table back to a direction close to the table back, the rolling width of each advancing and retreating is overlapped with the width of a front wheel (0.4-0.5 m) of the previous rolling width 1/3, the traveling speed is not more than 4Km/h, and the static pressure is 2 times. Through static pressure, the difference of the particle sizes of the filler can be reduced, the compactness and uniformity of the loosely laid filler before vibration and compression are improved, and the heavy vibration excitation of the vibratory roller is fully exerted.

2) Heavy rolling: after the static pressure of the road roller is finished, the vibratory roller is used for vibratory rolling at the advancing speed not more than 4Km/h, the rolling direction is in a transverse advancing and retreating type, the rolling is carried out in the direction from a position far away from the table back to a position close to the table back, and the rolling width of the road roller in each advancing and retreating mode is overlapped with the width of a steel wheel 1/2 (1.1-1.2 m) in the previous rolling width. According to the actual situation on site, vibration rolling cannot be adopted in a range close to a structure.

When rolling, a site constructor checks the corner parts which can not be rolled by the large road roller at any time along with the road roller and makes a record, and a small-sized tamper is adopted to compact the corner parts, so that no pressure leakage and no dead angle are ensured. The surface is firmly embedded and extruded, and is dense, uniform, flat and stable.

5.2.7 quality testing

Mainly checking the sedimentation difference, the porosity, the flatness, the elevation, the width, the transverse gradient, the deflection, the apparent mass and the like.

1) Differential settlement detection

Beginning with the 2 nd rolling, carrying out settlement observation every time, requiring 10 points of detection (the detection points are arranged according to the staggered positions of the lanes) at the tapered slope of the abutment, carrying out porosity detection when the settlement difference is less than or equal to 2mm for the last round, requiring 3 points of detection (the detection points are arranged according to the staggered positions of the lanes), determining that the porosity is less than or equal to 14%, and if the porosity is not more than 14%, continuing to compact until the porosity is met. The porosity was determined by the water bag method. The abutment back detection method and frequency are the same as those of the abutment taper slope.

The culvert abutment back detection method is the same as that of the abutment, the detection frequency requires 10 points of settlement difference detection and 5 points of porosity detection. And after the compaction is finished, determining parameters such as corresponding loose paving thickness, compaction machinery combination, compaction speed, settlement difference, compaction pass and the like.

The settlement difference detection method comprises the following steps: firstly, distributing points on the surface of a leveled roadbed, preparing a steel cushion block with the length of 10cm multiplied by 10cm, welding a steel chisel on one side of the center of the cushion block, welding a hemispherical convex point on the other side (see attached figure 4), measuring the distribution point position by the settlement difference, driving one end of the welded steel chisel into the roadbed, fixing the steel cushion block, and placing a leveling rod on the convex point of the cushion block for measurement during measurement. And then rolling by using a vibratory roller, performing elevation measurement on each detection point according to a preset rolling scheme, and taking the height difference before and after rolling of each detection point as the compaction settlement difference of the point.

2) Detection of deflection

When the back of the platform is filled to the designed height, deflection detection is carried out to achieve the important basis of controlling the back filling quality of the platform, and only when the deflection detection is qualified, a supervision engineer is reported and approved, and then the next procedure of construction can be carried out.

5.3 labor organization

The labor organization is shown in Table 5.3.

TABLE 5.3 labor organization Listing

Serial number	Work species	Number of people	Work content
				1	Manager	2	Construction organization and site management
2	Professional technician	2	Quality, safety technical field guidance
				3	Special vehicle driver	5	Trenching, spreading, leveling, rolling, or the like
4	Driver of transport vehicle	15	Roadbed filling transportation (timely personnel adjustment)
				5	Survey team	3	Measurement lofting and settlement difference observation and the like
7	Test inspector	2	Filler testing, quality inspection
				8	On-site temporary work	4	Trimming side slopes, marking grid lines, etc
9	Others	2	Commanding discharge, etc
				10	Total up to	35

6. Materials and apparatus

6.1 materials

The main material required by the method is graded brick slag.

1) Brick slag: the building waste is processed, and the technical index requirements are shown in table 6.1.

TABLE 6.1 technical indexes of graded brick slag

6.2 apparatus

The main implement equipment used per team (one work surface) is shown in table 6.2.

TABLE 6.2 Main implement and Equipment Meter

7. Quality control

7.1 construction quality execution national industry Standard, "construction technical Specification for building waste filling roadbed" (DB41/T1193-2016), "road geotechnical test Specification" (JTG E40-2007), "road engineering aggregate test Specification" (JTG E42-2005), "road roadbed construction technical Specification" (JTG F10-2006), "road engineering construction safety technical Specification" (JTG F90-2015), "road engineering quality inspection evaluation Standard" (JTG F80/1-2004), etc.

7.2 Table back filler actual measurement items are shown in Table 7.2.

TABLE 7.2 construction waste quality test items

7.3 quality assurance measures

7.4.1 strengthen the quality consciousness and implement the first quality policy seriously. And establishing a sound and comprehensive quality management system, making construction technology bottom-crossing work, formulating a special construction scheme, scientifically managing and standardizing construction.

7.4.2 strictly controls the quality of raw materials, and test detection work before and after the filling material enters the field is performed according to the standard and standard requirements, so that all the materials entering the field are qualified.

7.4.3 strictly strengthen the construction technology management work, and execute the technical responsibility system including the general engineer of the project, so that the construction management is standardized, normalized and programmed.

7.4.4 strictly organize the construction production according to the test section and strengthen the process monitoring. Particularly, the loose paving thickness, the rolling times and the water content of the material are well controlled, and the sedimentation difference and the deflection index after forming in the rolling process are really monitored.

7.4.5 strictly executing project supervision system, and reporting to supervision engineer for acceptance after passing self-inspection. The construction of the next procedure cannot be carried out without the consent of supervision engineers.

8. Safety measures

8.1 in the construction process, deepen the safety education, strengthen the safety consciousness. Before the workers are on duty, the workers must carry out work and technology training and safety education, and the policy of 'safety first, prevention first and comprehensive treatment' is kept in mind.

8.2 establish sound safety organization, formulate each item safety control regulation and system, strengthen the standardized management of job site, strengthen the standardized management consciousness of the whole personnel of project department, improve the administrative level of enterprise, promote the standardization of the safe production management.

8.3 strict special operating personnel are in a duty-on-duty system, and operation without a duty-on-duty is strictly forbidden.

8.4 start from the work of safety technique, strengthen the work of safety technique hand over at the bottom of, make the safety and technical guarantee measure convey in the constructor heart in a practical way.

8.5 various safety warning marks are to be perfected on the construction site.

8.6 strictly perform a supervised inspection regime. In the construction process, professional safety personnel can supervise and check safety work at any time on a construction site, find problems and solve the problems in time, so that safety accidents are eliminated in the bud, and a safe standardized civilized construction site is created.

9. Environmental protection measure

9.1 department of project establishes an ecological environmental protection management organization according to the requirements of the three-in-one management system, strictly complies with laws, regulations and regulations about environmental protection issued by national and local governments in the engineering construction process, strengthens the control and treatment of construction fuel oil, engineering materials, equipment, waste water, production domestic garbage and waste slag, and complies with the regulations and regulations of fire prevention and waste treatment.

9.2 will construct the place and the operation restriction in the within range that engineering construction allowed, rationally arrange, standardize and enclose the fender, accomplish that the sign is clear, complete, various signs are striking, the neat civilization of construction place.

9.3, reliable implementation measures for preventing damage and displacement are made for various public facilities possibly influenced in construction, and monitoring, coping and verification in implementation are enhanced. Meanwhile, the related schemes and requirements are handed over to all constructors in detail.

9.4 the brick slag is prevented from falling in the transportation process of the material, the sealing performance of a transportation vehicle is good, and the covering is protected in place.

9.5 preferably advanced environmental protection machinery is used. Noise reduction measures such as setting of a sound insulation wall and a sound insulation cover are adopted to reduce construction noise to be below an allowable value.

9.6 hardening the construction site road, and sprinkling water to the construction passing road frequently in sunny days to prevent dust from flying and polluting the surrounding environment.

10. Resource saving

10.1 establishing a resource-saving leader group, making a resource-saving regulation and regulation system, and performing propaganda and education in the daily construction process to improve the resource saving.

10.2 scientifically organizing construction and production, and strictly performing various activities according to construction technologies, thereby improving the labor productivity to the maximum extent and reducing the energy consumption of manpower, mechanical equipment and the like.

10.3 the back of the platform is backfilled with graded brick slag, so that the brick slag is changed into valuable and becomes a renewable resource. The consumption of raw materials is reduced, the exploitation damage to land resources is reduced, and the homeland resources are saved.

11. Benefit analysis

11.1 social benefits: the construction waste graded brick slag is adopted to backfill the bridge and culvert platform back, the operation is simple and easy to master, the construction quality is ensured, and the engineering construction quality requirement is met; and meanwhile, the highway construction fund is saved. Meanwhile, compared with an ash soil platform back backfilling method, the construction method is environment-friendly and civilized, the technical scheme conforms to the national policy of energy conservation and emission reduction, the technology is advanced, the fund is saved, the engineering construction speed is increased, the market competitiveness of enterprises is greatly improved, and the social benefit is great.

11.2 economic benefits: by applying the construction method, the construction labor amount is reduced, the land acquisition fund is reduced, the number of borrows of the roadbed is reduced, compared with a lime soil scheme, the cement consumption and land resources are reduced, the engineering progress speed is accelerated, and better economic benefit is generated.

Direct economic benefits: the comprehensive unit price of the lime-soil contract is 59.82 yuan/m³Brick slag comprehensive unit price of 52.67/m³Number of fills 138260m³x80％＝110608m³Reduce construction cost 110608m³x7.15/m³790847 yuan.

11.3, ecological environmental protection benefits: the method does not need to mix ash, reduces land utilization quantity, reduces dust pollution caused by mixing ash, reduces damage to vegetation, reduces waste discharge, really achieves scientific construction, green construction and civilized construction, and plays a positive role in protecting ecological environment.

12. Examples of the applications

12.1 Xihua expressway from Zhengzhou airport to Zhou is a newly added expressway planning project of 'adjustment and planning of expressway network in Henan province'. The start stake number K17+200, the end stake number K30+700 and the total length of a route of the quick second-phase ZT-3 segment of the western-style company are 13.5 km. The route adopts the standard of a bidirectional six-lane highway, and the roadbed width is 34.5 m; wherein the traffic lane is 2 multiplied by 3 multiplied by 3.75m, and the central division belt is 3.0 m. And the speed per hour is 120km/h in highway design. Wherein 18 bridges, 36 channels and the back of the designed structure are backfilled with 4% cement soil 138260m³。

The construction waste bench back of the structure is backfilled in 2015, the operation is started in 6 months, and the operation is finished in 2016 and 12 months. In the construction process, the project part takes 80 percent of cement soil amount 110608m³And changing the construction brick slag backfilling. The project department construction organization is proper, the construction technology is reliable, the construction process is mature, the construction waste graded brick slag bench back backfilling project in the ZT-3 standard section is completed satisfactorily, and the construction quality meets the requirements.

Practice proves that the construction method has great popularization value in the aspects of engineering quality, construction process, construction investment saving, environmental protection quality enhancement and the like.

Claims (1)

1. A construction process for backfilling construction waste of abutment backs of high-grade highway bridges and culverts comprises the following procedures: construction preparation (1) → measuring and paying-off (2) → ground surface cleaning, leveling and rolling (3) → restoring the center line (4) → spreading (5) → leveling (6) → rolling (7) → detecting (8) → entering the next process (9).

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