CN113529210B - Lignin fiber for textile material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Lignin fiber for textile material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113529210B CN113529210B CN202110718572.3A CN202110718572A CN113529210B CN 113529210 B CN113529210 B CN 113529210B CN 202110718572 A CN202110718572 A CN 202110718572A CN 113529210 B CN113529210 B CN 113529210B
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010041 electrostatic spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- STMDPCBYJCIZOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-dinitroanilino)-4-methylpentanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C(O)=O)NC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O STMDPCBYJCIZOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
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- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000021736 acetylation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006640 acetylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- FXXACINHVKSMDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetyl bromide Chemical compound CC(Br)=O FXXACINHVKSMDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
Abstract
The present invention relates to lignin fibers for textile materials and a method for their preparation. The lignin fiber can be prepared by the following method: acetylating alkali lignin to obtain acetylated alkali lignin, dissolving the acetylated alkali lignin in a mixed solvent of dimethylformamide and ethanol, and adding a prepared spinning auxiliary agent to prepare a spinning solution; and finally, carrying out electrostatic spinning on the electrostatic spinning machine, and carrying out the procedures of washing, oiling and drying to obtain the product. The dry breaking strength of the lignin fiber prepared by the method is 39-40 cN/tex, the dry breaking elongation is 11-12%, the wet breaking strength is 31-32 cN/tex, and the wet breaking elongation is 12-13%. The mechanical property of the lignin fiber prepared by the invention is superior to that of purchased viscose fiber, and the lignin fiber is a qualified fiber for textile materials and has good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fiber preparation, and particularly relates to a lignin fiber for textile materials and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Lignin is a complex class of organic polymers that forms an important structural material in the supporting tissues of vascular plants and some algae. Lignin is particularly important in the formation of cell walls, particularly in wood and bark, because it imparts rigidity and is not prone to decay. Chemically, lignin is a cross-linked phenolic polymer. Lignin is a degradable natural polymer material, which is the second most abundant natural resource on earth. At present, petroleum resources are greatly consumed, and the problems of serious environmental pollution and the like are caused. Therefore, researchers in various countries strive to find new materials capable of replacing petrochemical resources, and bio-based natural materials naturally become research hotspots. The lignin has the advantages of good thermal stability, no toxicity, weather resistance and the like, and the biomass-based high polymer material prepared by using the lignin is widely applied to various fields. As a highly-aromatized natural thermoplastic material, the blending of the lignin and the high polymer material can effectively improve some application properties of the material, including biodegradability, hygroscopicity, mechanical properties and the like, and can also reduce the use amount of the synthetic high polymer material, thereby reducing the cost.
The lignin fiber is organic fiber obtained by chemical treatment of natural wood, is flocculent in appearance and is white or grey white. The fiber is prepared into fibers with different lengths and thicknesses through screening, splitting, high-temperature treatment, bleaching, chemical treatment, neutralization and screening so as to meet the requirements of different application materials. The processing temperature is up to more than 250 ℃, so the fiber is a chemically very stable substance under the common condition, is not corroded by common solvents, acids and alkalis, has the excellent quality of no toxicity, no odor, no pollution and no radioactivity, does not influence the environment, is harmless to the human body, belongs to a green and environment-friendly product, and is not possessed by other mineral quality fibers. The microstructure of the fiber is strip-shaped and bent, uneven and porous, the cross part is flat, and the fiber has good toughness, dispersibility and chemical stability, strong water absorption capacity and very excellent thickening and anti-cracking performance.
The lignin fiber is widely used in the fields of asphalt roads, concrete, mortar, gypsum products, wood pulp sponge and the like, and has good effects of preventing coating cracking, improving water retention, improving production stability and construction convenience, increasing strength, enhancing adhesion to the surface and the like. The technical effects are as follows: thixotropic, protective, absorptive, carrier and filler. In pavement paving, the fiber stabilizer is lignin fiber, and cotton flocculent fiber or granular fiber is formed by factories.
Although the lignin fiber is widely used in many fields, the lignin fiber is difficult to be used as a fiber for textile materials because the lignin fiber is poorly formed when being precipitated from a solution and is difficult to be agglomerated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a lignin fiber for textile materials and a preparation method thereof. The lignin fiber can be used for textile materials, and has the advantages of low price, reproducibility, good strength performance and the like.
The invention aims to provide a lignin fiber for textile materials, which can be prepared by the following method: acetylating alkali lignin to obtain acetylated alkali lignin, dissolving the acetylated alkali lignin in a mixed solvent of dimethylformamide and ethanol, and adding a prepared spinning auxiliary agent to prepare a spinning solution; carrying out electrostatic spinning on an electrostatic spinning machine, and carrying out the procedures of water washing, oiling and drying to obtain the product.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a lignin fiber for textile materials, comprising the steps of:
(1) acetylation treatment of alkali lignin: adding alkali lignin into a round-bottom flask containing an acetylation reagent, sealing, heating and stirring at 50-60 ℃ for 2-4 h, and quickly evaporating a solvent in a rotary evaporator after the reaction is finished to obtain a solid, namely the acetylated alkali lignin.
Preferably, in the step (1), the acetylating reagent consists of acetyl bromide and glacial acetic acid, and the volume ratio of the acetyl bromide to the glacial acetic acid is as follows: 1: 9-11.
Preferably, the ratio of alkali lignin (g) to acetylating agent (mL) in step (1) is: 1: 90-110.
(2) Preparing a spinning auxiliary agent: weighing allyl polyethylene glycol, allyl glycidyl ether and an ammonium persulfate initiator, dissolving the 1/2 total allyl polyethylene glycol, allyl glycidyl ether and ammonium persulfate initiator in a proper amount of deionized water, controlling the temperature to be 75-85 ℃, and stirring for 1-2 h; and then dissolving the rest 1/2 of allyl polyethylene glycol, allyl glycidyl ether and ammonium persulfate initiator in a small amount of deionized water, and then dropwise adding the solution into the mixed solution which is just stirred, wherein the dropwise adding time is controlled to be 2-3 h, after the dropwise adding is finished, preserving the heat for 2-3 h, and after the heat preservation is finished, neutralizing the solution with NaOH until the pH is = 7-8 to obtain the spinning auxiliary agent.
Preferably, the ratio of allyl polyethylene glycol (mol), allyl glycidyl ether (mol) and ammonium persulfate (g) in the step (2) is: 1: 2 to 4: 9 to 11.
Preferably, the molecular weight of the allyl polyethylene glycol in the step (2) is 500, 1000 or 2000.
(3) Preparing a spinning solution: and (3) dissolving the acetylated alkali lignin in a mixed solvent of dimethylformamide and ethanol, adding the spinning auxiliary agent prepared in the step (2), and stirring for 20-30 minutes to prepare a spinning solution.
Preferably, the volume ratio of ethanol to dimethylformamide in the mixed solvent in the step (3) is: 1: 10-20. Preferably, the volume ratio of the spinning aid in the step (3) to the mixed solvent is: 1 to 3 percent.
Preferably, the ratio of the acetylated alkali lignin (g) to the mixed solvent (mL) in the step (3) is: 1: 3-5.
(4) Preparing the silk thread: and (4) performing electrostatic spinning on the spinning solution prepared in the step (3) on an electrostatic spinning machine.
Preferably, the spinning conditions in the step (4) are as follows: the voltage is 5-10 KV, the injection speed is 3-5 mL/h, and the injection distance is 80-100 mm.
(5) And (3) water washing of the fiber: and (3) soaking the fiber treated in the step (4) into hot water at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ for washing, wherein the washing time is 1-2 minutes, and the bath ratio is 1: 10-20.
(6) Oiling the fibers: and (3) immersing the fibers treated in the step (5) into an oil bath solution of 2-3 g/L, wherein the oil bath temperature is 60-70 ℃, the time is 1-2 minutes, and the bath ratio is 1: 10-20.
(7) Drying the fibers: and (4) drying the fiber treated in the step (6) to obtain the lignin fiber for the textile material.
The invention has the following remarkable characteristics:
(1) the invention self-prepares the spinning auxiliary agent, and the addition of the auxiliary agent creates conditions for preparing spinning solution with proper viscosity.
(2) The inventor of the application unexpectedly finds that a small amount of ethanol is added into the spinning solution when the spinning solution is prepared, the addition of the ethanol provides conditions for the rapid separation of solid and liquid in the spinning process, and the problems of poor forming and high agglomeration forming difficulty when the lignin fiber is separated out from the solution are solved.
(3) The dry breaking strength of the lignin fiber prepared by the method is 39-40 cN/tex, the dry breaking elongation is 11-12%, the wet breaking strength is 31-32 cN/tex, and the wet breaking elongation is 12-13%. From the test result of mechanical property, the mechanical property of the lignin fiber is better than that of purchased viscose fiber, so that the lignin fiber prepared by the invention is a qualified fiber for textile materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electrospinning apparatus prepared in example 1 (1. power supply; 2. receiving shaft; 3. jet; 4. needle; 5. holder; 6. catheter; 7. polymer solution; 8. syringe; 9. propeller);
fig. 2 electron microscope image of lignin fiber a for textile material prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
The examples described below illustrate the invention in detail.
Example 1
In this example, the lignin fiber for textile material was prepared by the following method, including the following steps:
(1) acetylation treatment of alkali lignin: adding 10g of alkali lignin into a round-bottom flask containing 1000mL of acetylation reagent, sealing, heating and stirring at 55 ℃ for 3h, and quickly evaporating the solvent to dryness in a rotary evaporator after the reaction is finished to obtain solid, namely acetylated alkali lignin; the acetylation reagent consists of 100mL of acetyl bromide and 900mL of glacial acetic acid.
(2) Preparing a spinning auxiliary agent: weighing 0.01mol of allyl polyethylene glycol with the molecular weight of 1000, 0.03mol of allyl glycidyl ether and 0.1g of ammonium persulfate initiator, dissolving the allyl polyethylene glycol, the allyl glycidyl ether and the ammonium persulfate initiator accounting for 1/2 of the total amount in 200mL of deionized water, controlling the temperature to be 80 ℃, and stirring for 1.5 h; and then dissolving the rest 1/2 of allyl polyethylene glycol, allyl glycidyl ether and ammonium persulfate initiator in 100mL of deionized water, and then dropwise adding the solution into the mixed solution which is just stirred, wherein the dropwise adding time is controlled to be 2.5h, after the dropwise adding is finished, preserving the heat for 2.5h, and after the heat preservation is finished, neutralizing the solution with NaOH until the pH is = 7-8, thus preparing the spinning auxiliary agent.
(3) Preparing a spinning solution: dissolving 10g of acetylated alkali lignin in 40mL of mixed solvent of dimethylformamide and ethanol, adding 1mL of spinning auxiliary agent prepared in the step (2), and stirring for 25 minutes to prepare spinning solution; the volume ratio of ethanol to dimethylformamide in the mixed solvent is as follows: 1: 15.
(4) Preparing the silk thread: performing electrostatic spinning on the spinning solution prepared in the step (3) on an electrostatic spinning machine, wherein the schematic diagram of the electrostatic spinning machine is shown in figure 1; the spinning conditions were: the voltage is 8KV, the injection speed is 4mL/h, and the injection distance is 90 mm.
(5) And (3) water washing of the fiber: soaking the fiber treated in the step (4) into hot water at 65 ℃ for washing, wherein the washing time is 1.5 minutes, and the bath ratio is 1: 15;
(6) oiling the fibers: immersing the fibers treated in the step (5) into an oil bath solution of 2.5g/L, wherein the oil bath temperature is 65 ℃, the time is 1.5 minutes, and the bath ratio is 1: 15;
(7) drying the fibers: and (3) drying the fibers treated in the step (6) to obtain the lignin fibers a for the textile material, wherein an electron microscope image of the lignin fibers a for the textile material is shown in fig. 2.
Example 2
In this example, the lignin fiber for textile material was prepared by the following method, including the following steps:
(1) acetylation treatment of alkali lignin: adding 10g of alkali lignin into a round-bottom flask containing 900mL of acetylation reagent, sealing, heating and stirring at 55 ℃ for 3h, and quickly evaporating the solvent to dryness in a rotary evaporator after the reaction is finished to obtain solid, namely acetylated alkali lignin; the acetylation reagent consists of 90mL of acetyl bromide and 810mL of glacial acetic acid.
(2) Preparing a spinning auxiliary agent: weighing 0.01mol of allyl polyethylene glycol with the molecular weight of 1000, 0.02mol of allyl glycidyl ether and 0.1g of ammonium persulfate initiator, dissolving the allyl polyethylene glycol, the allyl glycidyl ether and the ammonium persulfate initiator accounting for 1/2 of the total amount in 200mL of deionized water, controlling the temperature to be 80 ℃, and stirring for 1.5 h; and then dissolving the rest 1/2 of allyl polyethylene glycol, allyl glycidyl ether and ammonium persulfate initiator in 100mL of deionized water, and then dropwise adding the solution into the mixed solution which is just stirred, wherein the dropwise adding time is controlled to be 2.5h, after the dropwise adding is finished, preserving the heat for 2.5h, and after the heat preservation is finished, neutralizing the solution with NaOH until the pH is = 7-8, thus preparing the spinning auxiliary agent.
(3) Preparing a spinning solution: dissolving 10g of acetylated alkali lignin in 30mL of mixed solvent of dimethylformamide and ethanol, adding 1mL of the spinning auxiliary prepared in the step (2), and stirring for 25 minutes to prepare spinning solution; the volume ratio of ethanol to dimethylformamide in the mixed solvent is as follows: 1: 10.
(4) Preparing the silk thread: performing electrostatic spinning on the spinning solution prepared in the step (3) on an electrostatic spinning machine, wherein the schematic diagram of the electrostatic spinning machine is shown in figure 1; the spinning conditions were: the voltage is 8KV, the injection speed is 4mL/h, and the injection distance is 90 mm.
(5) And (3) water washing of the fiber: soaking the fiber treated in the step (4) into hot water at 65 ℃ for washing, wherein the washing time is 1.5 minutes, and the bath ratio is 1: 15;
(6) oiling the fibers: immersing the fibers treated in the step (5) into an oil bath solution of 2.5g/L, wherein the oil bath temperature is 65 ℃, the time is 1.5 minutes, and the bath ratio is 1: 15;
(7) drying the fibers: and (4) drying the fiber treated in the step (6) to obtain the lignin fiber b for the textile material.
Example 3
In this example, the lignin fiber for textile material was prepared by the following method, including the following steps:
(1) acetylation treatment of alkali lignin: adding 10g of alkali lignin into a round-bottom flask containing 1100mL of acetylation reagent, sealing, heating and stirring at 55 ℃ for 3h, and quickly evaporating the solvent to dryness in a rotary evaporator after the reaction is finished to obtain solid, namely acetylated alkali lignin; the acetylation reagent consists of 100mL of acetyl bromide and 1000mL of glacial acetic acid.
(2) Preparing a spinning auxiliary agent: weighing 0.01mol of allyl polyethylene glycol with the molecular weight of 1000, 0.04mol of allyl glycidyl ether and 0.1g of ammonium persulfate initiator, dissolving the allyl polyethylene glycol, the allyl glycidyl ether and the ammonium persulfate initiator accounting for 1/2 of the total amount in 200mL of deionized water, controlling the temperature to be 80 ℃, and stirring for 1.5 h; and then dissolving the rest 1/2 of allyl polyethylene glycol, allyl glycidyl ether and ammonium persulfate initiator in 100mL of deionized water, and then dropwise adding the solution into the mixed solution which is just stirred, wherein the dropwise adding time is controlled to be 2.5h, after the dropwise adding is finished, preserving the heat for 2.5h, and after the heat preservation is finished, neutralizing the solution with NaOH until the pH is = 7-8, thus preparing the spinning auxiliary agent.
(3) Preparing a spinning solution: dissolving 10g of acetylated alkali lignin in 50mL of mixed solvent of dimethylformamide and ethanol, adding 1mL of the spinning auxiliary prepared in the step (2), and stirring for 25 minutes to prepare spinning solution; the volume ratio of ethanol to dimethylformamide in the mixed solvent is as follows: 1: 20.
(4) Preparing the silk thread: performing electrostatic spinning on the spinning solution prepared in the step (3) on an electrostatic spinning machine, wherein the schematic diagram of the electrostatic spinning machine is shown in figure 1; the spinning conditions were: the voltage is 8KV, the injection speed is 4mL/h, and the injection distance is 90 mm.
(5) And (3) water washing of the fiber: soaking the fiber treated in the step (4) into hot water at 65 ℃ for washing, wherein the washing time is 1.5 minutes, and the bath ratio is 1: 15;
(6) oiling the fibers: immersing the fibers treated in the step (5) into an oil bath solution of 2.5g/L, wherein the oil bath temperature is 65 ℃, the time is 1.5 minutes, and the bath ratio is 1: 15;
(7) drying the fibers: and (4) drying the fiber treated in the step (6) to obtain the lignin fiber c for the textile material.
Comparative example 1
In the comparative example, no textile auxiliary was added during the preparation, and the specific method was not to carry out "(2) preparation of the spinning auxiliary", and "1 mL of the spinning auxiliary prepared in step (2)" was added "was deleted at the same time; other preparation methods referring to example 1, lignin fiber d for textile material was prepared.
Comparative example 2
In this comparative example, in the production process, no ethanol was added, that is, "10 g of acetylated alkali lignin was dissolved in 40mL of a mixed solvent of dimethylformamide and ethanol" was adjusted to "10 g of acetylated alkali lignin was dissolved in 40mL of a dimethylformamide solvent" other production method Lignin fiber e for textile materials was produced with reference to example 1.
And (3) performance testing:
testing the mechanical properties of the fibers: the lignin fibers a, b, c, d and e for the textile materials prepared in the above specific examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were subjected to a strength performance test, and the test method refers to GB/T-24218.3-2010 "test method for textiles and nonwovens part 3: determination of breaking strength and breaking elongation, a FAVIMAT-BOBOBOT 2 full-automatic single fiber universal tester is adopted to determine the strength performance of the test samples, no less than 30 test samples are tested, and the test average value is taken. The test results are shown in table 1, wherein the lignin fibers a, b, c, d for textile materials are abbreviated as fibers a, b, c, d, and the viscose fibers on the market are from the textile company of seoxing dan and au.
TABLE 1 mechanical Properties of the fibers a, b, c, d, e and of the viscose fibers on the market
As can be seen from Table 1, the dry breaking strength of the lignin fiber prepared in the example is between 39 and 40cN/tex, which is slightly higher than that of the viscose fiber on the procurement market, and the dry breaking elongation of the lignin fiber prepared in the example is between 11 and 12 percent, which is slightly higher than that of the viscose fiber on the procurement market; the wet breaking strength of the lignin fiber prepared in the embodiment is between 31 and 32cN/tex and is slightly higher than that of viscose fiber on the procurement market, and the wet breaking elongation of the lignin fiber prepared in the embodiment is between 12 and 13 percent and is slightly higher than that of the viscose fiber on the procurement market. The primary performance parameters of the lignin fibers prepared in the comparative examples were lower than those of the lignin fibers prepared in the examples. The results of the examples and comparative examples can be considered as: the addition of the textile auxiliary agent and the doping of the ethanol solvent have important influence on the performance of the lignin fiber. From the test result of mechanical property, the mechanical property of the lignin fiber is superior to that of purchased viscose fiber, so that the lignin fiber prepared by the method is qualified.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preparing lignin fibers for textile materials, characterized in that said method comprises the steps of:
(1) acetylation treatment of alkali lignin: adding alkali lignin into a round-bottom flask containing an acetylation reagent, sealing, heating and stirring at 50-60 ℃ for 2-4 h, and quickly evaporating a solvent to dryness in a rotary evaporator after the reaction is finished to obtain solid, namely acetylated alkali lignin;
(2) preparing a spinning auxiliary agent: weighing allyl polyethylene glycol, allyl glycidyl ether and an ammonium persulfate initiator, dissolving the 1/2 total allyl polyethylene glycol, allyl glycidyl ether and ammonium persulfate initiator in a proper amount of deionized water, controlling the temperature to be 75-85 ℃, and stirring for 1-2 h; then dissolving the rest 1/2 allyl polyethylene glycol, allyl glycidyl ether and ammonium persulfate initiator in a small amount of deionized water, and then dropwise adding the solution into the mixed solution which is just stirred, wherein the dropwise adding time is controlled to be 2-3 h, after the dropwise adding is finished, preserving the heat for 2-3 h, and after the heat preservation is finished, neutralizing the solution with NaOH until the pH is = 7-8 to obtain the spinning auxiliary agent;
(3) preparing a spinning solution: dissolving acetylated alkali lignin in a mixed solvent of dimethylformamide and ethanol, adding the spinning auxiliary prepared in the step (2), and stirring for 20-30 minutes to prepare a spinning solution;
(4) preparing the silk thread: performing electrostatic spinning on the spinning solution prepared in the step (3) on an electrostatic spinning machine;
(5) and (3) water washing of the fiber: soaking the fiber treated in the step (4) into hot water at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ for washing, wherein the washing time is 1-2 minutes, and the bath ratio is 1: 10-20;
(6) oiling the fibers: immersing the fibers treated in the step (5) into an oil bath solution of 2-3 g/L, wherein the oil bath temperature is 60-70 ℃, the time is 1-2 minutes, and the bath ratio is 1: 10-20;
(7) drying the fibers: and (4) drying the fiber treated in the step (6) to obtain the lignin fiber for the textile material.
2. The method of preparing lignin fibers for textile materials according to claim 1, wherein: the acetylation reagent in the step (1) consists of acetyl bromide and glacial acetic acid, and the volume ratio of the acetyl bromide to the glacial acetic acid is as follows: 1: 9-11; the ratio of alkali lignin to acetylating agent is: 1g to (90-110) mL.
3. The method of preparing lignin fibers for textile materials according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the dosage ratio of allyl polyethylene glycol, allyl glycidyl ether and ammonium persulfate is as follows: 1mol, (2-4) mol, (9-11) g; the molecular weight of allyl polyethylene glycol is 500, 1000 or 2000.
4. The method of preparing lignin fibers for textile materials according to claim 1, wherein: the volume ratio of ethanol to dimethylformamide in the mixed solvent in the step (3) is as follows: 1: 10-20; the volume ratio of the spinning auxiliary agent to the mixed solvent is as follows: 1-3%; the ratio of acetylated alkali lignin to mixed solvent was: 1g to (3-5) mL.
5. The method of preparing lignin fibers for textile materials according to claim 1, wherein: the spinning conditions in the step (4) are as follows: the voltage is 5-10 KV, the injection speed is 3-5 mL/h, and the injection distance is 80-100 mm.
6. A lignin fiber for textile materials, characterized by being produced by the method for producing a lignin fiber for textile materials according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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