CN113521784B - Micro-rectification heat integration system - Google Patents

Micro-rectification heat integration system Download PDF

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CN113521784B
CN113521784B CN202110759913.1A CN202110759913A CN113521784B CN 113521784 B CN113521784 B CN 113521784B CN 202110759913 A CN202110759913 A CN 202110759913A CN 113521784 B CN113521784 B CN 113521784B
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reheating
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rectification
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CN113521784A (en
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闫德
王林
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Inner Mongolia University of Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of microsystems and discloses a micro-rectification heat integration system which comprises a reheating section, wherein the rear end of the reheating section is fixedly connected with a separating square cavity, the front end of the reheating section is fixedly connected with a heating section, the lower end of the outer side of the reheating section, which is close to the rear end of the heating section, is provided with a light component outlet, a backflow section is fixedly connected between the reheating section and the separating square cavity together, the inner side of the backflow section is provided with a spreading and shrinking structure, and the rear end of the separating square cavity, which is close to the lower side of the backflow section, is provided with a heavy component outlet. The reheating section of the invention adopts a micro-channel structure, and a separating square cavity is added at the rear end of the reheating section to separate gas-liquid two-phase fluid from the heating section, and meanwhile, the reheating section is added behind the heating section to reheat the fluid in the micro-rectification heat integration system channel by the heat of the gas-phase fluid from the separating square cavity through a return pipe, thereby realizing the effective utilization of energy in the micro-rectification system and improving the energy utilization rate of the whole system.

Description

Micro-rectification heat integration system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microsystems, in particular to a micro-rectification heat integration system.
Background
With the development of computer technology and the continuous improvement of the degree of refinement, the traditional chemical system and the manufacturing technology are changed profoundly, the microsystem is gradually proposed along with the continuous development of the manufacturing industry, the application of the microsystem in the chemical field is more and more extensive, the micro rectification system is an important branch of the microsystem, and the microsystem is often used in the aspects of on-site detection and the like due to small volume, short reaction time and simple operation.
Compared with the traditional rectification system, the internal diameter of the micro-rectification system is generally between 10 and 1000 mu m, and the ratio of the surface area of the channel to the volume of the channel can reach 10 4 ～5×10 4 m 2 /m 3 Whereas conventionally the ratio between the surface area of the industrial and laboratory equipment and its own volume is about 100-1000 m 2 /m 3 . The increase of the surface area to volume ratio can obviously improve the heat transfer rate of the micro-rectification system, and the heat transfer efficiency value can reach 10KW m -2 K, which provides a great advantage for the micro-rectification system to absorb heat due to the high surface area to volume ratio of the channels in the micro-rectification system, but at the same time the dissipation of energy by the outward radiation of the micro-channels is also a concern.
The existing heat integration device of the rectification system adopts heat integration between an overhead condenser and a tower bottom reboiler, heat integration between the condenser, the reboiler and a system external heat source, or heat integration between the overhead condenser and the tower bottom reboiler between two systems, and heat integration between systems with increased compressors, and in a patent CN101874932A, a heat integration energy-saving rectification device is disclosed.
In the aspect of micro-system enhanced heat transfer, the prior research and application mainly enhances the heat transfer of a micro-channel through the operation design and the structural design of the micro-channel, and a patent CN103985681A discloses an enhanced heat transfer micro-channel, and the method arranges cilium ribs on any section in the micro-channel to achieve enhanced heat transfer; in patent CN107843031B, a microchannel heat exchanger is disclosed, which changes the structure of microchannels and the arrangement of microchannels, so as to quickly discharge condensed water accumulated on the heat exchanger.
However, in the existing research and application, the heat integration is only concentrated in a large-size rectification system, and the research and application of the heat integration of a micro-rectification system are almost not available; the existing rectification heat integration system is mainly applied to the chemical process with the conventional scale, while the micro-rectification system can be applied to various aspects of research, life and chemical industry, so that great convenience is provided for fine research and application, and the heat integration mode with the conventional size is not suitable in the micro-rectification system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a micro-rectification heat integration system to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a little rectification heat integrated system, includes the section of reheating, the rear end fixedly connected with separation square cavity of section of reheating, and the front end fixedly connected with heating section of reheating, the entry has been seted up to the front end of heating section, the lower extreme in the outside of section of reheating is provided with the export of light component near the rear end of heating section, common fixedly connected with backward flow section between section of reheating and the separation square cavity, the inboard of backward flow section is provided with the structure that expands and contracts, the downside that the rear end in separation square cavity is close to the backward flow section is provided with the heavy ends export.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the length of the heating section is 1000 microns, a heat source is applied to the wall surface of the heating section and used for heating fluid flowing into the micro-rectification heat integration system, and the temperature of the wall surface is set to be 500K; the reheating section adopts a micro-channel structure, the length of the reheating section is 990 microns, and the reheating section is used for sending heat carried by gas phase obtained in the separation square cavity back to the micro-channel to realize reheating of fluid, so that the micro-channel generates gas-liquid two-phase flow with a larger proportion.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the length of the separation square cavity is 500 micrometers, the degree of the separation square cavity is 300 micrometers, the degree of the separation square cavity is 500 micrometers, and the separation square cavity is used for separating mixed gas-liquid two-phase fluid flowing through the heating section and the reheating section, so that a gas phase part is separated upwards, and a liquid phase part is separated downwards.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the reflux section is used for conveying the gas phase part obtained by separation in the separation square cavity back to the reheating section, so that the heat carried by the gas phase heats the fluid in the reheating section again, the expansion and contraction structure is used for compressing the hot steam flowing through the reflux section, the heat capacity of the hot steam is further improved, high temperature difference is formed, and heat transfer is realized.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the inlet is used for flowing the medium to be rectified into the micro-rectification system; the light component outlet is used for separating a gas phase part; the heavy fraction outlet is used for separating a liquid phase part.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the gas-phase light component in the separation square cavity is compressed after passing through the expansion and contraction structure, and the temperature T of the gas-phase light component is s Rising, in the reheat section, T s Greater than the fluid temperature T of the gas-liquid two-phase flow in the heating section ∞ In the reheating section, the core heat exchange calculation formula in the micro-rectification heat integration system is as follows:
Figure BDA0003148738100000021
wherein q is convective heat flux density, (W/m) 2 )；
h-a proportionality coefficient representing the size of convective heat transfer, (W.m) -2 ·K -1 )；
T s ，T ∞ The temperature of the light component and the temperature of the gas-liquid two-phase flow fluid are respectively in the range of DEG C;
then, in the range of the reheating section (2), the energy obtained by the gas-liquid two-phase flow of the inner layer is as follows:
φ 1 ＝Aq (2)
in the formula, A is the heat exchange surface area, m 2 。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the reheating section of the invention adopts a micro-channel structure, and a separating square cavity is added at the rear end of the reheating section to separate gas-liquid two-phase fluid from the heating section, and meanwhile, the reheating section is added behind the heating section to reheat the fluid in the micro-rectification heat integration system channel by the heat of the gas-phase fluid from the separating square cavity through a return pipe, thereby realizing the effective utilization of energy in the micro-rectification system and improving the energy utilization rate of the whole system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a micro-rectification heat integration system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reheating section in a micro-rectification heat integration system;
FIG. 3 is a graph of density distribution at the outlet of a separation square cavity in a micro-rectification heat integration system;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the temperature distribution of the reheating section in a micro-rectification heat integration system.
In the figure: 1. a heating section; 2. a reheating section; 3. separating the square cavity; 4. a reflux section; 5. a telescopic structure; 6. an inlet; 7. a light component outlet; 8. and a heavy component outlet.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, a micro-rectification heat integration system includes a reheating section 2, a separating square cavity 3 is fixedly connected to a rear end of the reheating section 2, a heating section 1 is fixedly connected to a front end of the reheating section 2, an inlet 6 is formed at a front end of the heating section 1, a light component outlet 7 is formed at a lower end of an outer side of the reheating section 2, which is close to a rear end of the heating section 1, a reflux section 4 is fixedly connected between the reheating section 2 and the separating square cavity 3, a contraction and expansion structure 5 is arranged at an inner side of the reflux section 4, and a heavy component outlet 8 is formed at a lower end of the separating square cavity 3, which is close to a lower side of the reflux section 4.
Preferably, the length of the heating section 1 is 1000 microns, a heat source is applied to the wall surface of the heating section 1 and used for heating fluid flowing into the micro-rectification heat integration system, and the temperature of the wall surface is set to be 500K; the reheating section 2 adopts a micro-channel structure, the length of the reheating section 2 is 990 microns, and the reheating section is used for sending heat carried by gas phase obtained in the separation square cavity 3 back to the micro-channel to realize reheating of fluid, so that the micro-channel generates gas-liquid two-phase flow with a larger proportion.
Preferably, the separation square chamber 3 has a length of 500 micrometers, a degree of 300 micrometers and a degree of 500 micrometers, and is used for separating the mixed gas-liquid two-phase fluid flowing through the heating section 1 and the reheating section 2, so that the gas phase part is separated upwards, and the liquid phase part is separated downwards.
Preferably, the reflux section 4 is used for transporting the gas phase part obtained by separation in the separation square cavity 3 back to the reheating section 2, so that the heat carried by the gas phase reheats the fluid in the reheating section 2, and the expansion and contraction structure 5 is used for compressing the hot steam flowing through the reflux section 4, so that the heat capacity of the hot steam is further improved, a high temperature difference is formed, and heat transfer is realized.
Preferably, the inlet 6 is used for flowing the medium to be rectified into the micro-rectification system; the light component outlet 7 is used for separating a gas phase part; the heavies outlet 8 is used for separating the liquid phase fraction.
Preferably, the reheating section 2 is composed of an inner layer and an outer layer, the heating section 1 is communicated with the inner layer of the reheating section 2, so that the fluid in the heating section 1 can flow into the inner layer of the reheating section 2, the return section 4 is communicated with the outer layer of the reheating section 2, so that the fluid in the return section 4 can flow into the outer layer of the reheating section 2, and the length of the outer layer of the reheating section 2 is shorter than that of the inner layer, so that the fluid in the outer layer of the reheating section 2 is not interfered by the fluid in the separating square cavity 3.
Preferably, the light fraction in the gas phase in the separating square chamber 3, after passing through the expanding and contracting structure 5, is compressed, its temperature T s Rising, in the reheat stage 2, T s Is higher than the fluid temperature T of the gas-liquid two-phase flow in the heating section 1 ∞ In the reheating section 2, the core heat exchange calculation formula in the micro-rectification heat integration system is as follows:
Figure BDA0003148738100000041
wherein q is convective heat flux density, (W/m) 2 )；
h-a proportionality coefficient representing the magnitude of convective heat transfer, (W.m) -2 ·K -1 )；
T s ，T ∞ -the temperature of the light component and the temperature of the gas-liquid two-phase flow, respectively, at deg.c;
then, in the range of the reheating section (2), the energy obtained by the gas-liquid two-phase flow of the inner layer is as follows:
φ 1 ＝Aq (2)
in the formula, A is the heat exchange surface area, m 2 。
The working principle is as follows: liquid water is used as a medium to flow through the micro rectification system, the fluid is heated in the heating section 1 to form gas-liquid mixed fluid, then the fluid flows through the reheating section 2 to be reheated, the gas-liquid mixing proportion is increased again, as gas and liquid are in a mixed state in a micro channel, a square cavity structure 3 is additionally arranged at the rear end of the reheating section 2 and used for separating gas from liquid, a gas phase part after separation flows out from the upper end of the square cavity, a liquid phase flows out from a heavy component outlet 8, the gas flows into the return pipe 4 and is compressed at the expansion structure 5, the compressed gas flows into an outer layer part of the reheating section 2, and heat carried by the gas is used for reheating fluid in the inner layer part of the reheating section 2.
In order to better illustrate the technical effect of the present invention, it is illustrated by the following tests:
taking the heating section temperature of 500K as an example, the inner diameter of the preset expansion and contraction structure 5 is R1, the inner diameter of the return pipe 4 is R2, and three ratios of R1/R2 are set, and the ratios of R1/R2 are set to 1, 2 and 3, respectively.
Under three different proportions, a density distribution graph at the outlet of the square cavity in the gas-liquid separation process is drawn, and the density distribution graph is shown in figure 2; from fig. 2, it can be derived: the microchannel with the additional square separation cavity can well separate gas-liquid two-phase fluid flowing through the microchannel.
Under three different proportions, the heat transfer temperature difference of the reheating section 2 is taken as an inspection object, a temperature distribution curve of the reheating section 2 is drawn, as shown in fig. 3, and in terms of heat transfer effect, the following can be obtained from fig. 3: with the heat transfer temperature difference Δ T (in T) of the reheat section 2 R2/R1＝1 As reference) as test object, Δ T R2/R1＝3 >ΔT R2/R1＝2 And the heat exchange effect is improved to a certain degree.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention are equivalent to or changed within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a little rectification heat integration system, includes reheating section (2), its characterized in that, the rear end fixedly connected with separation square cavity (3) of reheating section (2), and the front end fixedly connected with heating section (1) of reheating section (2), entry (6) have been seted up to the front end of heating section (1), the lower extreme in the outside of reheating section (2) is provided with light component export (7) near the rear end of heating section (1), common fixedly connected with backward flow section (4) between reheating section (2) and separation square cavity (3), the inboard of backward flow section (4) is provided with expansion and contraction structure (5), the downside that the rear end of separation square cavity (3) is close to backward flow section (4) is provided with heavy component export (8), reheating section (2) comprises inlayer and outer two parts, heating section (1) is linked together with the inlayer part of reheating section (2), backward flow section (4) are linked together with the outer part of reheating section (2), the length of the outer part of reheating section (2) is short in length.
2. A micro-rectification heat integration system according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating section (1) has a length of 1000 μm, and a heat source is applied to the wall of the heating section (1) for heating the fluid flowing into the micro-rectification heat integration system, and the temperature of the wall is set to 500K; the reheating section (2) adopts a micro-channel structure, the length of the reheating section (2) is 990 microns, and the reheating section is used for sending heat carried by gas phase obtained in the separation square cavity (3) back to the micro-channel to realize reheating of fluid, so that the micro-channel generates gas-liquid two-phase flow with a larger proportion.
3. A micro-rectification heat integration system according to claim 1, wherein the separation square cavity (3) has a length of 500 microns, a width of 300 microns and a height of 500 microns, and is used for separating the mixed gas-liquid two-phase fluid flowing through the heating section (1) and the reheating section (2), so that the gas phase part is separated upwards and the liquid phase part is separated downwards.
4. A micro-rectification heat integration system according to claim 1, wherein the reflux section (4) is used for transporting the gas phase part obtained by separation in the separation square cavity (3) back to the reheating section (2) so that the heat carried by the gas phase heats the fluid in the reheating section (2), and the expansion and contraction structure (5) is used for compressing the hot vapor flowing through the reflux section (4) to further increase the heat capacity of the hot vapor, thereby forming a high temperature difference and realizing heat transfer.
5. A micro rectification heat integration system according to claim 1, wherein the inlet (6) is used for flowing a medium to be rectified into the micro rectification system; the light component outlet (7) is used for separating a gas phase part; the heavy fraction outlet (8) is used for separating the liquid phase fraction.
6. A micro-rectification heat integration system according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas phase light components in the separation square chamber (3) are compressed after passing through the expansion and contraction structure (5), and the temperature T is s Rising, in the reheating stage (2), T s Is greater than the fluid temperature T of the gas-liquid two-phase flow in the heating section (1) ∞ In the reheating section (2), the core heat exchange in the micro-rectification heat integration system adopts the following formula:
q＝h(T s -T ∞ ) (1)
wherein q is convective heat flux density, (W/m) 2 )；
h-a proportionality coefficient representing the size of convective heat transfer, (W.m) -2 ·K -1 )；
T s ，T ∞ -the temperature of the light component and the temperature of the gas-liquid two-phase flow, respectively, at deg.c;
then, in the range of the reheating section (2), the energy obtained by the gas-liquid two-phase fluid in the inner layer is as follows:
φ 1 ＝Aq (2)
in the formula, A is the heat exchange surface area, m 2 。
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