CN113519469A - Biological cultivation device and method for saline-alkali soil treatment - Google Patents
Biological cultivation device and method for saline-alkali soil treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113519469A CN113519469A CN202110966791.3A CN202110966791A CN113519469A CN 113519469 A CN113519469 A CN 113519469A CN 202110966791 A CN202110966791 A CN 202110966791A CN 113519469 A CN113519469 A CN 113519469A
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- alkali soil
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 78
- 241001233061 earthworms Species 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010196 hermaphroditism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/0332—Earthworms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B77/00—Machines for lifting and treating soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a biological cultivation device for saline-alkali soil treatment, which belongs to the technical field of biological cultivation for saline-alkali soil treatment, and comprises a rectangular shell, wherein a light-resistant cover is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the shell, a plurality of bearing plates which are inclined in a staggered manner are arranged in the shell, and the lower end of each bearing plate is not contacted with the side wall of the shell; baffles are arranged at the upper end of each bearing plate along the side line of the bearing plate in an array mode, and through holes are formed in the side walls of the baffles; the spout has been seted up to the shell lower extreme, has solved the mode that current equipment adopted the vibrations screening and has separated moist earth and earthworm, but when raising the earthworm, because the earthworm requires greatly to soil moisture, earth is in moist caking state usually, and the vibrations screening can't screen out moist earth, can only lead to the inside process vibrations extrusion of earth, and the bigger cubic that becomes further extrudees thereby it makes the earthworm the dead phenomenon appearance of fracture to appear.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological cultivation for saline-alkali soil treatment, in particular to a biological cultivation device and a biological cultivation method for saline-alkali soil treatment.
Background
In the long history process, the natural or artificial action causes the salinization trend of a lot of soils, thereby being not beneficial to the growth and development of crops and influencing the normal agricultural production, and particularly having very serious salinization degree of the soils in northwest China. At present, earthworms are mostly adopted to accelerate decomposition and transformation of organic matters in soil, but the earthworms are not easy to separate out again after improving the soil to process other saline-alkali soil, so that the earthworms can only be used once, the double-layer soil organism breeding device is adopted more at present, the organism breeding device on the upper layer is moved down through manpower, the organism breeding device on the lower layer is moved up to be placed on the organism breeding device on the upper layer, so that earthworms gathered on the upper soil surface layer are adjusted to the bottom layer of the soil on the lower layer, and the salinized soil above the earthworms is biologically improved again.
The invention discloses a soil organism breeding device for saline-alkali soil improvement and a breeding method thereof, which are disclosed in the prior art, and relates to the Chinese patent with the patent application number of CN202010143293.4, and the invention discloses the soil organism breeding device for saline-alkali soil improvement and the breeding method thereof, wherein the device comprises a bottom plate, a vibrating motor is arranged at the top of the bottom plate, the output end of the vibrating motor is connected with a vibrating plate, a breeding frame is fixedly connected onto the vibrating plate, two groups of soil collecting assemblies are arranged on the breeding frame, breeding boxes are arranged above the two groups of soil collecting assemblies, the breeding boxes and the breeding frame are welded, a spraying assembly is arranged on the bottom plate, a fixed supporting assembly is arranged on the bottom plate, and a control panel is arranged on the top plate; according to the invention, the earthworms are cultured by placing the soil particles of the saline-alkali soil in the culture box, the soil particles of the saline-alkali soil are improved by the earthworms, and the culture box can be sprayed by the spraying component, so that the wettability of the soil is ensured, the earthworms can grow conveniently, after the soil is improved, the device can be supported and fixed by the fixed supporting component, the vibrating motor drives the culture frame to vibrate, the earthworms and the improved soil can be separated, and the separated soil falls into the soil collecting component.
The existing equipment adopts a vibration screening mode to separate moist soil from earthworms, but when the earthworms are raised, the earthworms have high requirement on soil humidity, the soil is usually in a moist caking state, the moist soil cannot be screened out by the vibration screening, the soil can only be vibrated and extruded to form larger blocks, and the earthworms are further extruded, so that the phenomena of fracture and death of the earthworms occur; secondly, if the wet soil containing the earthworms is dried and then screened, the drying process of the soil is too slow, so that the earthworms are possibly dehydrated and dead due to the fact that the soil is too dry, and the survival rate of the earthworms is further reduced.
Based on the above, the invention designs a biological cultivation device and a cultivation method for saline-alkali soil treatment, so as to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a biological breeding device and a biological breeding method for saline-alkali soil treatment, which aim to solve the problem that the existing equipment provided in the background technology separates moist soil from earthworms in a vibration screening mode, but when the earthworms are raised, the earthworms have high requirement on soil humidity, usually the soil is in a moist caking state, the moist soil cannot be screened out by the vibration screening, and only the interior of the soil is subjected to vibration extrusion to be formed into larger lumps, so that the earthworms are further extruded to break and die; secondly, if the wet earth containing the earthworms is dried and then screened, the drying process of the earth is too slow, so that the earthworms are possibly dehydrated and dead because the earth is too dry, and the survival rate of the earthworms is further reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a biological cultivation device for saline-alkali soil treatment comprises a rectangular shell, wherein a light-shading cover is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the shell, a plurality of bearing plates which are inclined in a staggered mode are arranged in the shell, and the lower end of each bearing plate is not in contact with the side wall of the shell; baffles are arranged at the upper end of each bearing plate along the side line of the bearing plate in an array mode, and through holes are formed in the side walls of the baffles; the lower end of the shell is provided with a sliding chute, the lower end of the shell is provided with a drawing box, two sliding strips are fixedly arranged on two side walls of the drawing box, and the sliding strips are arranged in the sliding chute in a sliding manner; the bottom end of the pull box is provided with a through hole, and the upper end of each bearing plate is provided with a spraying device for keeping soil moist; the spraying device comprises a water storage roller, wherein supports are arranged at two ends of the water storage roller, and the supports are arranged on the side wall of the shell.
According to a further scheme of the invention, the supports are parallel to the bearing plate, the lower ends of two supports on the same layer are fixedly provided with micromotion shafts, the micromotion shafts penetrate through the side wall of the shell and are rotatably connected with the shell, a plurality of unlocking holes are formed in the vertical matrix of the side wall of the support, an arc plate taking the axis of the micromotion shaft as the axis is arranged in the unlocking holes in a sliding mode, the lower end of the arc plate is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the shell through the supports, and one end, penetrating through the shell, of each micromotion shaft is provided with a turnover mechanism for driving the supports to rotate.
As a further scheme of the invention, the turnover mechanism comprises a motor, the motor is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the shell through a support, the motor is coaxially and fixedly provided with a lead screw with interrupted threads, the outer side of the lead screw is in threaded connection with a plurality of thread sleeves opposite to the micro-motion shaft, the outer wall of each thread sleeve is fixedly provided with a slide bar, the outer walls of two ends of each slide bar are provided with compensation plates in a sliding manner, one end of each compensation plate is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the micro-motion shaft, the other end of each compensation plate is provided with an avoidance groove for avoiding the thread sleeves, the outer end of each slide bar is also rotatably provided with a stepping plate, the lower end of each stepping plate is provided with a compensation slotted hole, and the compensation slotted hole is sleeved on the outer wall of the slide bar at the lower end of the compensation plate.
As a further scheme of the invention, a synchronizing shaft is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the bearing plate, penetrates through the side wall of the shell and is rotatably connected with the shell, and one end of the synchronizing shaft, which penetrates through the shell, is connected to the nearest micro-moving shaft through synchronous belt transmission.
As a further scheme of the invention, the baffle is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the bearing plate through a torsion spring.
As a further scheme of the invention, the lower end of the pulling box is provided with a cross brace, and two ends of the cross brace are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the lower end of the shell.
As a further scheme of the invention, the motor adopts a speed reduction motor.
A biological cultivation method for saline-alkali soil treatment comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of (1) placing saline-alkali soil on the upper ends of bearing plates in equipment in a layered manner, and keeping the soil thickness of the upper end of each bearing plate consistent;
step two: placing earthworm seedlings into the soil of the uppermost saline-alkali soil, filling water into the water storage rollers on each layer, and opening switches of the water storage rollers in a drip irrigation mode from top to bottom so that the water seepage of the water storage rollers drops onto the soil at the upper end of the bearing plate at the lower end;
step three: after the water consumption of the water storage roller of the lowest layer is totally used up, the pull box is drawn out, the earthworms are taken out, the light-resistant cover is opened simultaneously, and high-pressure water flow is sprayed to the bearing plate on the uppermost layer, so that water flow passes through the soil on each bearing plate at the lower end, and the clean soil of the equipment can be cleaned up to perform repeated breeding operation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the bearing plates on each layer are opened from top to bottom through the water storage rollers with constant volume in the layered spraying device, so that saline-alkali components in saline-alkali soil at the upper end are transferred downwards, water resources are saved, earthworms are guided to transfer downwards to propagate, so that the earthworms pass through each bearing plate from top to bottom, soil is improved, propagation movement is carried out, and the problem of reduction of the survival rate of the earthworms caused by manual separation of soil and the earthworms is effectively avoided.
2. According to the invention, the turnover mechanism drives the support to rotate around the micro-moving shaft, so that the arc-shaped plate slides out of the unlocking hole, the position of the water storage roller is adjusted, and the water storage roller collides, so that the water storage roller releases the water in the water storage roller, the drying speed of soil is increased, the transfer speed of earthworms is increased, and the use efficiency of equipment is further improved.
3. According to the invention, the screw rod with discontinuous threads is used for driving the thread sleeve at the upper end to ascend and then driving the support to rotate, and meanwhile, the slide rod on the side wall of the thread sleeve at the upper end drives the stepping plate to ascend, when the thread sleeve at the upper end ascends to the limit position, the thread sleeve at the lower end of the compensation slotted hole is lifted to be combined with the segmented threads on the screw rod, so that the thread sleeve at the lower end starts to ascend, thereby solving the process that each thread sleeve starts to work by stepping from top to bottom, enabling the water storage roller to move by stepping from top to bottom, saving water resources, accelerating the soil drying speed and improving the transfer efficiency of earthworms.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side plan view of a half-section configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic left front top view of the present invention (hidden housing);
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure at A in FIG. 3 according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the structure at B in FIG. 3 according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the flow structure of the method of the present invention.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
the device comprises a motor 9, a shell 10, a shading cover 11, a bearing plate 12, a baffle 13, a through hole 14, a sliding chute 15, a drawing box 16, a sliding strip 17, a through hole 18, a spraying device 19, a water storage roller 20, a support 21, a micro-motion shaft 23, an unlocking hole 24, an arc-shaped plate 25, a turnover mechanism 26, a lead screw 30, a threaded sleeve 31, a sliding rod 32, a compensation plate 33, a stepping plate 34, a compensation slotted hole 35, a synchronizing shaft 40 and a cross brace 45.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-6, the present invention provides a technical solution: a biological cultivation device for saline-alkali soil treatment comprises a rectangular shell 10, wherein a light-shielding cover 11 is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the shell 10, a plurality of bearing plates 12 which are inclined in a staggered mode are arranged in the shell 10, and the lower end of each bearing plate 12 is not in contact with the side wall of the shell 10; baffles 13 are arranged at the upper end of each bearing plate 12 along the side line array of the bearing plate, and through holes 14 are formed in the side walls of the baffles 13; the lower end of the shell 10 is provided with a sliding chute 15, the lower end of the shell 10 is provided with a drawing box 16, two sliding strips 17 are fixedly arranged on two side walls of the drawing box 16, and the sliding strips 17 are slidably arranged in the sliding chute 15; the bottom end of the pull box 16 is provided with a through hole 18, and the upper end of each bearing plate 12 is provided with a spraying device 19 for keeping soil moist; the spraying device 19 comprises a water storage roller 20, brackets 21 are arranged at two ends of the water storage roller 20, and the brackets 21 are arranged on the side wall of the shell 10;
the device aims to solve the problems that the existing device adopts a vibration screening mode to separate moist soil from earthworms, but when the earthworms are raised, the earthworms have high requirement on soil humidity, the soil is usually in a moist caking state, the moist soil cannot be screened out by the vibration screening, the soil is only subjected to vibration extrusion to be formed into larger blocks, and the earthworms are further extruded to break and die; secondly, if the wet soil containing the earthworms is dried and then screened, the drying process of the soil is too slow, so that the earthworms are possibly dehydrated and dead due to too dry soil, and the survival rate of the earthworms is further reduced; the invention should comply with the characteristics of earthworm breeding when in use, earthworms are commonly called song eel, song snake, hermaphrodite, oviparous, young earthworms develop and mature in 4 months, like warm, wet, quiet and dark, saline-alkali soil is high in saline-alkali content as the name suggests, the earthworms live in soil with neutral pH value, especially are afraid of salt, and the saline-alkali soil needs to be slowly improved when in breeding, as shown in figure 1, the front end of the device is seen from the left lower part to the right upper part in the figure, and the upper end of the device is seen from the upper part;
when the invention is used, the light-proof cover 11 is opened, saline-alkali soil is laid on the upper end of each bearing plate 12, meanwhile, the soil is fully paved at the joint of each two adjacent bearing plates 12, neutral soil containing earthworms is placed on the upper end of the bearing plate 12 at the uppermost end (as shown in figures 1 and 2, a baffle 13 at the upper end of the bearing plate 12 can effectively solidify the saline-alkali soil, the saline-alkali soil is prevented from flowing on the upper end of the bearing plate 12 and finally slides into a pull box 16 at the lowermost end of the shell 10, a through hole 14 on the baffle 13 is used for passing water and earthworms, a small part of neutral soil is adopted to put earthworms, the phenomenon that the earthworms directly contact the saline-alkali soil to cause the large environmental difference and large-area death or illness is avoided, the light-proof cover 11 is closed after the soil is placed, the inner part of the shell 10 is kept in a dark state, the water storage roller 20 in the spraying device 19 is started, the water storage rollers 20 are used for wetting the saline-alkali soil on the uppermost layer, so that the moisture of the saline-alkali soil is kept, meanwhile, water flow can slowly flow downwards along the inclination of the bearing plate 12, meanwhile, earthworms are slowly arranged to enter the saline-alkali soil, and under the action of the water storage rollers 20, the salt in the saline-alkali soil begins to be diluted and is simultaneously transferred to the saline-alkali soil on the upper end of the next bearing plate 12, and then the salt slowly and finally enters the soil in the pull box 16, and then the acid-alkali water is discharged out of the device from the through hole 18 at the lower end of the pull box 16, so that the acid-alkali water is subjected to one-level neutral adjustment; earthworms prefer deep and moist soil, start to move downwards along with water flow slowly and propagate at the same time, when the water storage roller 20 at the uppermost layer is closed slowly, soil at the upper end tends to be neutral, the propagation activity of the earthworms tends to be in a normal stable state, and the moisture of the soil at the upper layer is evaporated and dried slowly as time increases;
at this time, the spraying devices 19 on the second layer are started, so that the saline-alkali soil on the next layer is subjected to secondary neutral regulation, the wet state is maintained, earthworms can slowly enter the soil on the second layer (the earthworms slowly adapt to the automatic soil transfer by themselves, the problem that the survival rate of the earthworms is reduced due to manual intervention and screening is avoided), and by analogy, after all the spraying devices 19 work from top to bottom in sequence, the earthworms finally enter the soil in the pull box 16 at the lowest end; at this time, the soil carrying earthworms in the drawing box 16 is pulled out of the housing 10 to complete the complete earthworm cultivation process (as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the sliding strips 17 at the two ends of the drawing box 16 slide in the sliding grooves 15, so that the drawing is more labor-saving), more soil is obtained, meanwhile, the saline-alkali soil at the upper end of the bearing plate 12 is also adjusted into fertile soil, at this time, the light-proof cover 11 is opened, the bearing plate 12 at the uppermost end is washed by using a high-pressure water gun, the adjusted soil is washed layer by layer, and the collection of the improved soil is completed; repeating the operation;
according to the invention, the water storage rollers 20 with constant volume in the layered spraying devices 19 are used for opening the bearing plates 12 on each layer from top to bottom, so that saline-alkali components in saline-alkali soil at the upper end are transferred downwards, water resources are saved, earthworms are guided to transfer downwards for propagation, the earthworms pass through each bearing plate 12 from top to bottom, propagation movement is carried out while soil is improved, and the problem of reduction of the survival rate of the earthworms caused by manual separation of soil and the earthworms is effectively avoided.
When the invention is used, the water storage rollers 20 are fixedly arranged, and the water capacity of the water storage rollers 20 with constant volume is reduced in the later period, so that the pressure of the water flow in the water storage rollers 20 is further reduced, the water yield is reduced, and the soil drying process is too slow, and a set of water storage roller 20 moving device is hopefully arranged to solve the problems;
the support 21 is parallel to the bearing plate 12, the lower ends of two supports 21 on the same layer are fixedly provided with a micro-moving shaft 23, the micro-moving shaft 23 penetrates through the side wall of the shell 10 and is rotatably connected with the shell 10, a plurality of unlocking holes 24 are formed in the vertical matrix of the side wall of the support 21, an arc plate 25 taking the axis of the micro-moving shaft 23 as the axis is arranged in each unlocking hole 24 in a sliding mode, the lower end of each arc plate 25 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the shell 10 through the support, and one end, penetrating through the shell 10, of the micro-moving shaft 23 is provided with a turnover mechanism 26 for driving the support 21 to rotate;
when the invention is used, as earthworms slowly enter the adjusted saline-alkali soil, the turnover mechanism 26 at the outer end starts to work, so that the micro-motion shaft 23 rotates slowly, the micro-motion shaft 23 rotates to drive the bracket 21 to open and rotate, and the bracket 21 rotates to make the arc-shaped plate 25 slowly separate from the unlocking hole 24 on the side wall of the bracket 21 (as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the arc-shaped plate 25 with the axis of the micro-motion shaft 23 as the axis makes the bracket 21 rotate around the micro-motion shaft 23, the phenomenon that the arc-shaped plate 25 and the unlocking hole 24 are blocked is avoided), so that the water storage roller 20 rolls at the upper end of the bracket 21, when the water storage roller 20 rolls to the next side wall of the arc-shaped plate 25 which does not slide out of the unlocking hole 24 yet, the water storage roller 20 collides, so that the water storage roller 20 releases the water inside, and the position of the water storage roller 20 is changed, so that the soil at the upper end of the bearing plate 12 is not wetted by water flow any more, therefore, the drying link is performed in advance, so that the transfer speed of the earthworms is increased, and the efficiency of the equipment is improved;
according to the invention, the turnover mechanism 26 drives the support 21 to rotate around the micro-moving shaft 23, so that the arc-shaped plate 25 slides out of the unlocking hole 24, the position of the water storage roller 20 is adjusted, and meanwhile, the water storage roller 20 collides, so that the water storage roller 20 releases water in the water storage roller, the drying speed of soil is increased, the transferring speed of earthworms is increased, and the use efficiency of the equipment is further improved.
As a further scheme of the present invention, the turnover mechanism 26 includes a motor 9, the motor 9 is fixedly disposed on the outer wall of the housing 10 through a bracket, the motor 9 is coaxially and fixedly provided with a lead screw 30 with discontinuous threads, a plurality of threaded sleeves 31 corresponding to the micro-moving shaft 23 are screwed on the outer side of the lead screw 30, the outer wall of the threaded sleeves 31 is fixedly provided with a slide bar 32, the outer walls of the two ends of the slide bar 32 are slidably provided with compensation plates 33, one end of each compensation plate 33 is fixedly disposed on the outer wall of the micro-moving shaft 23, the outer end of the slide bar 32, which is provided with an avoidance groove for avoiding the threaded sleeve 31, is further rotatably provided with a step plate 34, the lower end of the step plate 34 is provided with a compensation slotted hole 35, and the compensation slotted hole 35 is sleeved on the outer wall of the slide bar 32 at the lower end.
When the water storage roller is used, the motor 9 drives the screw rod 30 to rotate, the screw rod 30 preferentially drives the threaded sleeve 31 at the upper end to move upwards, the threaded sleeve 31 moves upwards to drive the sliding rod 32 to move upwards, the sliding rod 32 moves upwards to drive the compensating plate 33 at the outer side to move upwards, one end of the compensating plate 33 is fixed with the micro-motion shaft 23, the compensating plate 33 drives the micro-motion shaft 23 to rotate at the moment, so that the support 21 is driven to rotate, the position of the water storage roller 20 is transferred, meanwhile, the sliding rod 32 moves upwards to drive the stepping plate 34 at the outer side, the compensating long circular hole 35 at the lower end of the stepping plate 34 moves upwards first and does not drive the sliding rod 32 adjacent to the lower end to move upwards, when the support 21 at the upper end rotates to the limit position, the lower end of the compensating long circular hole 35 extrudes the sliding rod 32 adjacent to the lower end, so that the sliding rod 32 at the lower end moves upwards to drive the threaded sleeve 31 at the lower end to move upwards, so as to complete the threaded engagement with the outer side of the segmented screw rod 30, the upper end of the threaded sleeve 31 moves to the end of the thread, the support 21 is not driven to rotate any more, the lower adjacent threaded sleeve 31 is opened to move up slowly (as shown in fig. 4 and 5), the lower support 21 rotates and sequentially moves down to complete the rotation of the lowest support 21, after the first cultivation is completed, the motor 9 overturns by means of the self gravity of the threaded sleeve 31, and all the supports 21 synchronously reset quickly;
according to the invention, through a lead screw with discontinuous threads, the upper end of the thread bush 31 is moved to ascend, then the support 21 is driven to rotate, meanwhile, the step plate 34 is driven to ascend through the slide rod 32 on the side wall of the upper end of the thread bush 31, when the upper end of the thread bush 31 ascends to the limit position, the compensation slotted hole 35 is used for lifting the lower end of the thread bush 31 to be combined with the segmented threads on the lead screw, so that the lower end of the thread bush 31 starts to ascend, the process that the thread bushes 31 start to work in a progressive manner from top to bottom is solved, the water storage roller 20 moves in a progressive manner from top to bottom, the water resource is saved, the soil drying speed is increased, and the transfer efficiency of earthworms is improved.
As a further scheme of the invention, the lower end of the bearing plate 12 is fixedly provided with a synchronizing shaft 40, the synchronizing shaft 40 penetrates through the side wall of the shell 10 and is rotationally connected with the shell 10, one end of the synchronizing shaft 40 penetrating through the shell 10 is connected to the nearest micro-motion shaft 23 through synchronous belt transmission, so that the bearing plate 12 is lifted and drained along with the support 21, the soil draining efficiency is accelerated, the soil drying efficiency of the equipment is improved, the working process of the equipment is accelerated, and the earthworm transferring and breeding efficiency is accelerated.
As a further scheme of the invention, the baffle 13 is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the bearing plate 12 through a torsion spring; after the bearing plate 12 is turned over, soil can incline the baffle 13 against the action force of the torsion spring under the action of self gravity, so that the soil replacement work at the later stage is quick and thorough.
As a further scheme of the invention, the lower end of the drawing box 16 is provided with a cross brace 45, and two ends of the cross brace 45 are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the lower end of the shell 10; the lower end of the housing 10 is structurally reinforced, and the deformation of the housing 10 is avoided, so that the drawing box 16 cannot be smoothly drawn out.
As a further scheme of the invention, the motor 9 adopts a speed reducing motor; so that the equipment obtains larger torque, and the device needs low rotating speed of the motor 9.
A biological cultivation method for saline-alkali soil treatment comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of (1) placing saline-alkali soil on the upper ends of bearing plates in equipment in a layered manner, and keeping the soil thickness of the upper end of each bearing plate consistent;
step two: placing earthworm seedlings into the soil of the uppermost saline-alkali soil, filling water into the water storage rollers on each layer, and opening switches of the water storage rollers in a drip irrigation mode from top to bottom so that the water seepage of the water storage rollers drops onto the soil at the upper end of the bearing plate at the lower end;
step three: after the water consumption of the water storage roller of the lowest layer is totally used up, the pull box is drawn out, the earthworms are taken out, the light-resistant cover is opened simultaneously, and high-pressure water flow is sprayed to the bearing plate on the uppermost layer, so that water flow passes through the soil on each bearing plate at the lower end, and the clean soil of the equipment can be cleaned up to perform repeated breeding operation.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a saline and alkaline land soil is administered and is used biological breeding device, includes rectangle shell (10), its characterized in that: the upper end of the shell (10) is rotatably provided with a light-shading cover (11), a plurality of bearing plates (12) which are inclined in a staggered mode are arranged in the shell (10), and the lower end of each bearing plate (12) is not in contact with the side wall of the shell (10); baffles (13) are arranged at the upper end of each bearing plate (12) along the side line array of the bearing plate, and through holes (14) are formed in the side walls of the baffles (13); the lower end of the shell (10) is provided with a sliding groove (15), the lower end of the shell (10) is provided with a drawing box (16), two sliding strips (17) are fixedly arranged on two side walls of the drawing box (16), and the sliding strips (17) are slidably arranged in the sliding groove (15); the bottom end of the pull box (16) is provided with a through hole (18), and the upper end of each bearing plate (12) is provided with a spraying device (19) for keeping soil moist.
2. The biological cultivation device for saline-alkali soil improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spraying device (19) comprises a water storage roller (20), two ends of the water storage roller (20) are provided with brackets (21), and the brackets (21) are arranged on the side wall of the shell (10).
3. The biological cultivation device for saline-alkali soil improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that: support (21) are on a parallel with loading board (12), and two on the same layer support (21) lower extreme is fixed and is provided with micromotion axle (23), micromotion axle (23) pass shell (10) lateral wall and rotate with shell (10) and be connected, a plurality of lockholes (24) have been seted up to support (21) lateral wall vertical matrix, it is provided with arc (25) that use micromotion axle (23) axis as the axis to slide in lockhole (24), arc (25) lower extreme passes through the fixed setting of support at shell (10) inner wall, the one end that micromotion axle (23) passed shell (10) is provided with and is used for driving support (21) pivoted tilting mechanism (26).
4. The biological cultivation device for saline-alkali soil improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that: tilting mechanism (26) include motor (9), motor (9) are through the fixed setting at shell (10) outer wall of support, motor (9) coaxial fixed is provided with screw (30) of interrupted screw thread, screw (30) outside spiro union has a plurality of thread bush (31) that correspond with micromotion axle (23), thread bush (31) outer wall is fixed and is provided with slide bar (32), slide bar (32) both ends outer wall slides and is provided with compensating plate (33), compensating plate (33) one end is fixed to be set up at micromotion axle (23) outer wall, and the groove of dodging that is used for dodging thread bush (31) is offered to the other end slide bar (32) outer end still rotates and is provided with step plate (34), compensation slotted hole (35) have been offered to step plate (34) lower extreme, compensation slotted hole (35) cover is established at slide bar lower extreme (32) outer wall.
5. The biological cultivation device for saline-alkali soil improvement according to claim 4, characterized in that: the lower end of the bearing plate (12) is fixedly provided with a synchronizing shaft (40), the synchronizing shaft (40) penetrates through the side wall of the shell (10) and is rotationally connected with the shell (10), and one end, penetrating through the shell (10), of the synchronizing shaft (40) is connected to the nearest micro-moving shaft (23) through synchronous belt transmission.
6. The biological cultivation device for saline-alkali soil improvement according to claim 5, characterized in that: the baffle (13) is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the bearing plate (12) through a torsion spring.
7. The biological cultivation device for saline-alkali soil improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower end of the drawing box (16) is provided with a cross brace (45), and two ends of the cross brace (45) are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the lower end of the shell (10).
8. The biological cultivation device for saline-alkali soil improvement according to claim 4, characterized in that: the motor (9) adopts a speed reducing motor.
9. A biological cultivation method for saline-alkali soil improvement, which is applied to the biological cultivation device for saline-alkali soil improvement according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and is characterized in that: the biological breeding method for saline-alkali soil treatment comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of (1) placing saline-alkali soil on the upper ends of bearing plates in equipment in a layered manner, and keeping the soil thickness of the upper end of each bearing plate consistent;
step two: placing earthworm seedlings into the soil of the saline-alkali soil on the uppermost layer, filling water into the water storage rollers on each layer, and opening switches of the water storage rollers in a drip irrigation mode from top to bottom so that the water seepage of the water storage rollers drops onto the soil on the upper end of the bearing plate at the lower end;
step three: after the water consumption of the water storage roller of the lowest layer is totally used up, the pull box is drawn out, the earthworms are taken out, the light-resistant cover is opened simultaneously, and high-pressure water flow is sprayed to the bearing plate on the uppermost layer, so that water flow passes through the soil on each bearing plate at the lower end, and the clean soil of the equipment can be cleaned up to perform repeated breeding operation.
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| JP2013067534A (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2013-04-18 | Hideya Kozama | Method for treating food residue using earthworm |
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| CN113519469B (en) | 2022-11-08 |
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