CN113517821A - Electrolytic hydrogen production rectification power supply based on high-transformation-ratio transformer and control method - Google Patents
Electrolytic hydrogen production rectification power supply based on high-transformation-ratio transformer and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113517821A CN113517821A CN202110781989.4A CN202110781989A CN113517821A CN 113517821 A CN113517821 A CN 113517821A CN 202110781989 A CN202110781989 A CN 202110781989A CN 113517821 A CN113517821 A CN 113517821A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/145—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
- H02M7/155—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
- H02M7/162—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
- H02M7/1623—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration with control circuit
- H02M7/1626—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration with control circuit with automatic control of the output voltage or current
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- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
- H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
- H02M1/143—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output using compensating arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
- H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control method of an electrolytic hydrogen production rectification power supply based on a high transformation ratio transformer, which is used for collecting alternating current bus voltages ua, ub and uc and collecting output voltage u of a 6-pulse thyristor rectifierdc1Output voltage u of single-phase H-bridge inverterinv(ii) a Obtaining a reference phase of an a-phase voltage ua by using a phase-locked circuit; regulating the output voltage of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier through a control signal; determining a control signal of the single-phase H-bridge inverter according to the target voltage, and adjusting the output voltage of the single-phase H-bridge inverter to reach the target value through the control signal; by series high transformation ratio step-down transformerAnd then obtaining compensation voltage ucom with equal amplitude and same ripple voltage component and opposite directions to realize ripple compensation, so that the voltage at two ends of the load is constant direct current. The rectification power supply of the invention uses a series structure and is isolated by the transformer, and the rectification power supply cannot generate circulation current and is more reliable and stable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, in particular to an electrolytic hydrogen production rectification power supply based on a high-transformation-ratio transformer and a control method.
Background
In recent years, with the increasing problems of global environmental pollution, energy crisis, global warming and the like, the application and development of renewable energy resources are more and more concerned, and hydrogen energy as a zero-carbon green renewable energy resource has the advantages of high energy density, high conversion efficiency and the like, and can realize zero emission and zero pollution in the whole process from development to utilization. The production of hydrogen is an important part of the hydrogen energy industry chain. The existing hydrogen production technology mainly comprises hydrogen production by fossil fuel and chemical by-products, hydrogen production by biomass, hydrogen production by water electrolysis and the like. The hydrogen production by water electrolysis has the advantages of near zero emission, high hydrogen production purity and the like, can be combined with photovoltaic and wind power renewable energy power generation, effectively dissipates unstable power such as wind power, photovoltaic and the like, relieves the impact of fluctuation on a power grid, and has important economic and social benefits.
The performance of the rectification power supply, which is used as a core device for hydrogen production by water electrolysis, directly affects the efficiency and cost of hydrogen production. The direct current output by the rectifying power supply is used for hydrogen production by electrolyzing water, and the characteristics of low-voltage large-current output, high voltage reduction capability, high reliability, low-current ripple waves and the like need to be met. The research of the prior scholars shows that the smaller the output ripple of the rectifying power supply is, the higher the hydrogen production efficiency of the electrolytic stack is. In the existing scheme, for industrial large-scale hydrogen production, the electrolysis stack rectification power supply generally adopts a diode or thyristor rectifier with high power and low cost, and the power supply has high output ripple and low hydrogen production efficiency. The Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) rectifier is applied more in medium and small power hydrogen production, and although the PWM rectifier has the characteristics of small output ripple, high power factor, good dynamic performance and the like, the PWM rectifier has small power and high cost and cannot be used for high-power hydrogen production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a control method of an electrolytic hydrogen production rectification power supply based on a high transformation ratio transformer, which comprises the following steps:
collecting AC bus voltage ua, ub, uc, collecting 6 pulse wave thyristor rectifier output voltage udc1Output voltage u of single-phase H-bridge inverterinv(ii) a Obtaining a reference phase of an a-phase voltage ua by using a phase-locked circuit;
the DSP control module performs control calculation according to the output voltage of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier and the output voltage value of the single-phase H-bridge inverter, determines a control signal of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier according to the reference value and the reference phase of the a-phase voltage ua, and adjusts the output voltage of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier through the control signal; calculating an output voltage ripple component of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier by a ripple detection algorithm, wherein the output voltage ripple component is a target voltage of the single-phase H-bridge inverter, determining a control signal of the single-phase H-bridge inverter according to the target voltage, and adjusting the output voltage of the single-phase H-bridge inverter to reach the target value by the control signal; when the output voltage of the single-phase H-bridge inverter is n times of the ripple component of the output voltage of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier, n is the transformation ratio of the series high transformation ratio voltage-reducing transformer, the amplitude value obtained after the series high transformation ratio voltage-reducing transformer is equal to the ripple voltage component, and the compensation voltage ucom in the opposite direction realizes ripple compensation, so that the voltage at two ends of the load is constant direct current.
Further, the regulation of the output voltage of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier by the control signal comprises the following processes:
the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier adopts PI control strategy, and the output voltage u of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier is acquireddc1After passing through a low-pass filter, is compared with a given reference current udc1 *And comparing to obtain an output current error, transmitting the output current error to an inverse cosine converter after being regulated by a PI controller to obtain a trigger angle alpha, obtaining power grid power supply phase information theta through a phase-locked loop module according to the power grid voltages ua, ub and uc, regulating the trigger time of the thyristor according to the size of the trigger angle alpha, and changing the output voltage.
Further, the calculating of the ripple component of the output voltage of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier by the ripple detection algorithm includes the following steps:
let the function Ψ (t) ═ udc1If the Fourier transform Ψ (ω) of Ψ (t) satisfies:
Ψ (t) is a basic wavelet and defines the following integral:
in the formula: (t) is an integrated continuous wavelet transform based on Ψ (t), a being a scale factor representing frequency-dependent scaling, and b being a time shift factor; high-frequency signals and low-frequency signals are obtained through wavelet transformation, the high-frequency signals in the low-frequency signals are decomposed out continuously, the low-frequency signals tend to fundamental wave signals continuously, the high-frequency signals tend to harmonic wave signals, and finally ripple voltage components are reconstructed.
Further, the determining a control signal of the single-phase H-bridge inverter according to the target voltage, and adjusting the output voltage of the single-phase H-bridge inverter to reach the target value by the control signal includes the following steps:
the obtained output voltage u of the single-phase H-bridge inverterinvWith a given reference value
The difference value of the voltage difference value is led into an inverter output voltage control module, the output voltage control module comprises a PI controller and a repetitive controller, a control signal of the single-phase H-bridge inverter is obtained through the adjustment of the two controllers, the control signal is led into a PWM generator to obtain a switch control signal of the single-phase H-bridge inverter, a switch tube is controlled to act according to the control signal, and the output voltage of the single-phase H-bridge inverter is adjusted to reach a target value.
The electrolytic hydrogen production rectification power supply based on the high transformation ratio transformer comprises a 6-pulse-wave thyristor rectifier, a single-phase H-bridge inverter, a parallel rectifier transformer, an LC filter, a series high transformation ratio step-down transformer, a DSP control module, a voltage sampling circuit and a driving circuit; the parallel rectifier transformer has a primary side connected with a three-phase AC bus and a secondary side connected with the midpoint of a bridge arm of a 6-pulse thyristor rectifier; the cathode of an upper bridge arm of the 6-pulse-wave thyristor rectifier is connected with the anode of a load, and the anode of a lower bridge arm is connected with a synonym terminal of the secondary side of the series high-transformation-ratio step-down transformer; the middle point of a first bridge arm of the single-phase H-bridge inverter is connected with one end of an LC filter inductor; one end of a capacitor of the LC filter and a primary side different name end of the series high transformation ratio step-down transformer are respectively connected with the middle point of a second bridge arm of the single-phase H-bridge inverter; the other end of the LC filter inductor and the other end of the LC filter capacitor are connected with a primary side homonymous end of a series high-transformation-ratio step-down transformer; and the dotted terminal of the secondary side of the series high-transformation-ratio step-down transformer is connected with the positive pole of the load.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the series compensation electrolytic hydrogen production rectification power supply based on the high transformation ratio transformer has the advantages of high output power, megawatt level output power, small output current ripple and high hydrogen production efficiency of the electrolytic stack. The megawatt power can be achieved by only using 6 semi-control devices and 4 full-control devices, the number of the devices is greatly reduced, the control is simple and reliable, and the total cost of the system is greatly reduced due to the small capacity of the single-phase H-bridge inverter. The rectification power supply adopts a series connection structure and is isolated by a transformer, and the rectification power supply cannot generate circulating current and is more reliable and stable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a control method of an electrolytic hydrogen production rectification power supply based on a high-transformation-ratio transformer;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a circuit topology of a series compensation electrolytic hydrogen production rectification power supply based on a high transformation ratio transformer;
FIG. 3 is a waveform of the current output from a 6-pulse thyristor rectifier;
FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of the current output from a three-phase current source type PWM rectifier;
fig. 5 is a graph of current and voltage waveforms for the total output of the rectified power supply.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.
As shown in FIG. 1, the control method of the electrolytic hydrogen production rectification power supply based on the high transformation ratio transformer comprises the following processes:
collecting AC bus voltage ua, ub, uc, collecting 6 pulse wave thyristor rectifier output voltage udc1Output voltage u of single-phase H-bridge inverterinv(ii) a Obtaining a reference phase of an a-phase voltage ua by using a phase-locked circuit;
the DSP control module performs control calculation according to the output voltage of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier and the output voltage value of the single-phase H-bridge inverter, determines a control signal of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier according to the reference value and the reference phase of the a-phase voltage ua, and adjusts the output voltage of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier through the control signal; calculating an output voltage ripple component of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier by a ripple detection algorithm, wherein the output voltage ripple component is a target voltage of the single-phase H-bridge inverter, determining a control signal of the single-phase H-bridge inverter according to the target voltage, and adjusting the output voltage of the single-phase H-bridge inverter to reach the target value by the control signal; when the output voltage of the single-phase H-bridge inverter is n times of the ripple component of the output voltage of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier, n is the transformation ratio of the series high transformation ratio voltage-reducing transformer, the amplitude value obtained after the series high transformation ratio voltage-reducing transformer is equal to the ripple voltage component, and the compensation voltage ucom in the opposite direction realizes ripple compensation, so that the voltage at two ends of the load is constant direct current.
The method for regulating the output voltage of the 6-pulse-wave thyristor rectifier through the control signal comprises the following steps that the 6-pulse-wave thyristor rectifier adopts a PI control strategy, and the output voltage u of the 6-pulse-wave thyristor rectifier is acquireddc1After passing through a low-pass filter, is compared with a given reference current udc1 *And comparing to obtain an output current error, transmitting the output current error to an inverse cosine converter after being regulated by a PI controller to obtain a trigger angle alpha, obtaining power grid power supply phase information theta through a phase-locked loop module according to the power grid voltages ua, ub and uc, regulating the trigger time of the thyristor according to the size of the trigger angle alpha, and changing the output voltage.
The method for calculating the ripple component of the output voltage of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier by the ripple detection algorithm comprises the following steps:
let the function Ψ (t) ═ udc1If the Fourier transform Ψ (ω) of Ψ (t) satisfies:
Ψ (t) is a basic wavelet and defines the following integral:
in the formula: (t) is an integrated continuous wavelet transform based on Ψ (t), a being a scale factor representing frequency-dependent scaling, and b being a time shift factor; high-frequency signals and low-frequency signals are obtained through wavelet transformation, the high-frequency signals in the low-frequency signals are decomposed out continuously, the low-frequency signals tend to fundamental wave signals continuously, the high-frequency signals tend to harmonic wave signals, and finally ripple voltage components are reconstructed.
The method for determining the control signal of the single-phase H-bridge inverter according to the target voltage and adjusting the output voltage of the single-phase H-bridge inverter to reach the target value through the control signal comprises the following steps:
the obtained output voltage u of the single-phase H-bridge inverterinvWith a given reference value
The difference value of the voltage difference value is led into an inverter output voltage control module, the output voltage control module comprises a PI controller and a repetitive controller, a control signal of the single-phase H-bridge inverter is obtained through the adjustment of the two controllers, the control signal is led into a PWM generator to obtain a switch control signal of the single-phase H-bridge inverter, a switch tube is controlled to act according to the control signal, and the output voltage of the single-phase H-bridge inverter is adjusted to reach a target value.
The electrolytic hydrogen production rectification power supply based on the high transformation ratio transformer comprises a 6-pulse-wave thyristor rectifier, a single-phase H-bridge inverter, a parallel rectifier transformer, an LC filter, a series high transformation ratio step-down transformer, a DSP control module, a voltage sampling circuit and a driving circuit; the parallel rectifier transformer has a primary side connected with a three-phase AC bus and a secondary side connected with the midpoint of a bridge arm of a 6-pulse thyristor rectifier; the cathode of an upper bridge arm of the 6-pulse-wave thyristor rectifier is connected with the anode of a load, and the anode of a lower bridge arm is connected with a synonym terminal of the secondary side of the series high-transformation-ratio step-down transformer; the middle point of a first bridge arm of the single-phase H-bridge inverter is connected with one end of an LC filter inductor; one end of a capacitor of the LC filter and a primary side different name end of the series high transformation ratio step-down transformer are respectively connected with the middle point of a second bridge arm of the single-phase H-bridge inverter; the other end of the LC filter inductor and the other end of the LC filter capacitor are connected with a primary side homonymous end of a series high-transformation-ratio step-down transformer; and the dotted terminal of the secondary side of the series high-transformation-ratio step-down transformer is connected with the positive pole of the load.
Specifically, the series compensation electrolytic hydrogen production rectification power supply based on the high transformation ratio transformer comprises a main circuit and a control circuit. The main circuit comprises a parallel rectifier transformer, a 6-pulse wave thyristor rectifier consisting of 6 thyristor bridges, a single-phase H-bridge inverter consisting of 4 IGBTs, an LC filter and a series high-transformation-ratio step-down transformer. The parallel rectifier transformer has a primary side connected with a three-phase alternating current bus, ua, ub and uc are ideal three-phase power grid voltage respectively, a secondary side connected with the middle point of a bridge arm of a 6-pulse thyristor rectifier, ua2, ub2 and uc2 are secondary side voltage of the transformer respectively, and udc1 is output voltage of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier; the cathode of an upper bridge arm of the 6-pulse-wave thyristor rectifier is connected with the anode of a load, and the anode of a lower bridge arm is connected with a synonym terminal of the secondary side of the series high-transformation-ratio step-down transformer; the middle point of a first bridge arm of the single-phase H-bridge inverter is connected with one end of an inductor of an LC (inductance-capacitance) filter, uinv is output voltage of the single-phase H-bridge inverter, and the middle point of a second bridge arm is connected with one end of a capacitor of the LC filter and a primary side different name end of a series high-transformation-ratio step-down transformer; the other ends of the LC filter inductor and the capacitor are connected with a primary side homonymous end of a series high-transformation-ratio step-down transformer; the dotted terminal of the secondary side of the series high-transformation-ratio step-down transformer is connected with the positive pole of the load, ucom is the output compensation voltage of the secondary side of the series high-transformation-ratio step-down transformer, idc is load current, and udc is load voltage. The control circuit adopts a DSP control circuit to control the output voltage of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier and the output voltage of the single-phase H-bridge inverter.
The 6-pulse thyristor rectifier is a main power converter and provides most of power for a load, the power capacity of the converter can reach megawatt level, and the output voltage of the converter is pulsating direct current and has large ripple wave components. The H-bridge inverter is an auxiliary power converter, and is used as a ripple voltage compensator which is connected in series with the load and the negative output ends of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier through a step-down transformer to compensate the ripple voltage generated by the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier, the output voltage of the H-bridge inverter is n times of the required compensation ripple voltage, and the H-bridge inverter only provides the load power generated by the ripple voltage component, so that the capacity of the H-bridge inverter only accounts for about 4% of the capacity of the whole rectification power supply.
The output voltage of the rectifying power supply is constant direct current voltage, namely, the two ends of the load are constant direct current voltage. The output current of the rectification power supply is extremely large and can reach ten thousand amperes, and an output smoothing reactor is not arranged. The frequency of the parallel rectifier transformer is power frequency (50/60Hz), the parallel rectifier transformer is a step-down transformer, the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the parallel rectifier transformer are independent three-phase windings which are connected in a star shape, the number of turns of each phase of the high-voltage side winding is n1, and the number of turns of each phase of the low-voltage side winding is n 2. The series high-transformation-ratio step-down transformer has the advantages that the transformation ratio of the series high-transformation-ratio step-down transformer is n, the working frequency is 6 times of the power frequency, the series high-transformation-ratio step-down transformer belongs to a low-frequency transformer, the series high-transformation-ratio step-down transformer has an isolation effect on current, the phenomenon that overlarge current flows into a single-phase H-bridge inverter is prevented, and the current stress of a switching device in the H-bridge inverter is reduced. Because a large direct current passes through the series high-transformation-ratio step-down transformer, the series high-transformation-ratio step-down transformer allows large direct current magnetic bias. The load is a hydrogen production electrolysis stack, which can be equivalent to a resistance model with the size of RL.
Control method of series compensation electrolytic hydrogen production rectification power supply based on high transformation ratio transformer
The relation between the output voltage and the input voltage of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier can be obtained by combining the switching function of the bridge arm of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier, and the output voltage expression in one pulse wave period (ω t ∈ 0, π/3) is given here:
in the formula (1), UmFor the amplitude of the phase voltage of the power grid, m is the turn ratio of the parallel rectifier transformer, omega is 2 pi f, alpha is a trigger angle, u isdc1The output voltage of the thyristor rectifier and f the grid frequency.
According to the relation, the value of the transformation ratio m of the parallel rectifier transformer can be determined by combining the actual output voltage requirement and the voltage withstanding capability of the thyristor device.
Through reasonable magnetic circuit reluctance design, the direct current magnetic flux of the series high-transformation-ratio step-down transformer flows in a main magnetic circuit of the power transformer as required, the transformer is guaranteed to be separated from a dangerous working state, and barrier-free operation under the direct current magnetic biasing condition is realized.
The equivalent magnetic circuit of the model 1/2 of the series high-transformation-ratio step-down transformer only considering the direct-current magnetic flux can be obtained according to kirchhoff voltage and current law (equivalent to magnetomotive force and magnetic flux):
if Rc is the reluctance of the silicon steel sheet, phi 1 and phi 3 are direct current fluxes, and the direct current fluxes are not expected to flow through the transformer side columns, phi 2 is set to 0, the original secondary air gap reluctance Rg1 and Rg2 can be obtained, and further the air gap length can be obtained.
The new power transformer 1/2 model when only ac flux is considered is the new power transformer 1/2 model when only ac flux is considered:
similarly, if Rc is the reluctance of the silicon steel sheet, Φ 5 and Φ 6 are the ac magnetic flux, and it is not desired that the ac magnetic flux flows through the two-phase magnetic material, Φ 5 is 0, Rg1 and Rg2 can be obtained, and the air gap length can be obtained. The air gap length of the series high-transformation-ratio step-down transformer can be obtained by combining the formula (2) and the formula (3).
The control structure is shown in fig. 2. Firstly, collecting AC bus voltages ua, ub and uc, and collecting output voltage u of a 6-pulse thyristor rectifierdc1Output voltage u of single-phase H-bridge inverterinv. The 6-pulse thyristor rectifier adopts PI control strategy, and the measured output voltage u of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifierdc1After passing through a Low Pass Filter (LPF), is compared with a given reference current udc1 *Comparing, and transmitting the output current error to an inverse cosine converter after being regulated by a PI controller to obtain a corresponding trigger angle alpha; and finally, adjusting the trigger time of the thyristor according to the size of the trigger angle alpha, and changing the output voltage.
The output voltage u of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier obtained by measurementdc1And sending the signals to a ripple detection module. The ripple detection module adopts a wavelet transform algorithm to make the function psi (t) udc1If the Fourier transform Ψ (ω) of Ψ (t) satisfies:
Ψ (t) is then a basic wavelet and defines the following integral:
in the formula: f (t) is an integrated continuous wavelet transform based on Ψ (t), a being a scale factor representing the frequency-dependent scaling, and b being a time-shift factor. High-frequency signals and low-frequency signals are obtained through wavelet transformation, the high-frequency signals in the low-frequency signals are decomposed out continuously, the low-frequency signals tend to fundamental wave signals continuously, the high-frequency signals tend to harmonic wave signals, and finally ripple voltage components are reconstructed. The ripple voltage component is used as the output voltage reference value u of the single-phase H-bridge inverterinv *。
The measured output voltage u of the single-phase H-bridge inverterinvWith a given reference value uinv *The difference value of (a) is led to the inverter output voltage control module. The output voltage control module comprises a PI controller and a repetitive controller, and the control signal of the single-phase H-bridge inverter is obtained through the regulation of the two controllers. And leading the control signal into a PWM generator to obtain a switching control signal of the single-phase H-bridge inverter, and controlling the action of a switching tube.
The output voltage of the inverter is n times of ripple components of the output voltage of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier, and compensation voltage ucom with the same amplitude and the same ripple voltage components and the opposite direction is obtained after the inverter is connected with the high-transformation-ratio voltage-reducing transformer in series, so that ripple compensation can be realized, and the voltage at two ends of a load is constant direct current.
Fig. 3 is a waveform diagram of output voltage and current of a 6-pulse thyristor rectifier without ripple compensation, and according to hardware design and simulation verification of a control algorithm in a specific implementation process, it can be seen from the waveform that the output voltage and current of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier are 6-pulse pulsating direct current with very large ripple content.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of a compensation voltage waveform on the secondary side of the single-phase H-bridge inverter after the output voltage is stepped down by the series high-transformation-ratio transformer, according to the hardware design and the simulation verification of the control algorithm in the specific implementation process, it can be seen from fig. 4 that the compensation voltage on the secondary side of the series high-transformation-ratio transformer is opposite to the ripple component of the output voltage of the thyristor rectifier in direction and equal in magnitude.
Fig. 5 is a waveform diagram of output voltage and current of a series compensation electrolytic hydrogen production rectification power supply based on a high-transformation-ratio transformer, and as can be seen by comparing waveforms in fig. 3 and 4, voltage waveforms in fig. 3 and 4 are superimposed to form a voltage waveform diagram in fig. 5, and ripple voltage and current are effectively reduced.
According to the invention, the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier and the series compensation single-phase H-bridge inverter based on the high transformation ratio transformer are cascaded, so that the output voltage ripple of the rectification power supply can be reduced, the efficiency of the hydrogen production electrolytic cell is greatly improved, and high-power hydrogen production is realized. The total control devices adopted by the hybrid rectification power supply provided by the invention are only 4, the half control devices are only 6, and the output voltage ripple is small. Compared with the traditional high-power PWM rectifier circuit, the circuit reduces the using quantity and the device capacity of the full-control devices, and greatly saves the cost. Compared with the traditional high-power thyristor rectifier circuit, the method reduces the using quantity of semi-controlled devices, saves the cost and improves the efficiency of the hydrogen production electrolytic cell
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The control method of the electrolytic hydrogen production rectification power supply based on the high transformation ratio transformer is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
collecting AC bus voltage ua, ub, uc, collecting 6 pulse wave thyristor rectifier output voltage udc1Output voltage u of single-phase H-bridge inverterinv(ii) a Obtaining a reference phase of an a-phase voltage ua by using a phase-locked circuit;
the DSP control module performs control calculation according to the output voltage of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier and the output voltage value of the single-phase H-bridge inverter, determines a control signal of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier according to the reference value and the reference phase of the a-phase voltage ua, and adjusts the output voltage of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier through the control signal; calculating an output voltage ripple component of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier by a ripple detection algorithm, wherein the output voltage ripple component is a target voltage of the single-phase H-bridge inverter, determining a control signal of the single-phase H-bridge inverter according to the target voltage, and adjusting the output voltage of the single-phase H-bridge inverter to reach the target value by the control signal; when the output voltage of the single-phase H-bridge inverter is n times of the ripple component of the output voltage of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier, n is the transformation ratio of the series high transformation ratio voltage-reducing transformer, the amplitude value obtained after the series high transformation ratio voltage-reducing transformer is equal to the ripple voltage component, and the compensation voltage ucom in the opposite direction realizes ripple compensation, so that the voltage at two ends of the load is constant direct current.
2. The control method of the high transformation ratio transformer-based electrolytic hydrogen production rectification power supply as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of regulating the output voltage of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier by the control signal comprises the following steps:
the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier adopts PI control strategy, and the output voltage u of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier is acquireddc1After passing through a low-pass filter, is compared with a given reference current udc1 *And comparing to obtain an output current error, transmitting the output current error to an inverse cosine converter after being regulated by a PI controller to obtain a trigger angle alpha, obtaining power grid power supply phase information theta through a phase-locked loop module according to the power grid voltages ua, ub and uc, regulating the trigger time of the thyristor according to the size of the trigger angle alpha, and changing the output voltage.
3. The control method of the electrolytic hydrogen production rectification power supply based on the high transformation ratio transformer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calculating of the ripple component of the output voltage of the 6-pulse thyristor rectifier by the ripple detection algorithm comprises the following steps:
let the function Ψ (t) ═ udc1If the Fourier transform Ψ (ω) of Ψ (t) satisfies:
Ψ (t) is a basic wavelet and defines the following integral:
in the formula: (t) is an integrated continuous wavelet transform based on Ψ (t), a being a scale factor representing frequency-dependent scaling, and b being a time shift factor; high-frequency signals and low-frequency signals are obtained through wavelet transformation, the high-frequency signals in the low-frequency signals are decomposed out continuously, the low-frequency signals tend to fundamental wave signals continuously, the high-frequency signals tend to harmonic wave signals, and finally ripple voltage components are reconstructed.
4. The control method of the high transformation ratio transformer-based electrolytic hydrogen production rectification power supply as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of determining the control signal of the single-phase H-bridge inverter according to the target voltage, and adjusting the output voltage of the single-phase H-bridge inverter to reach the target value through the control signal comprises the following steps:
the obtained output voltage u of the single-phase H-bridge inverterinvWith a given reference value uinv *The difference value of the voltage difference value is led into an inverter output voltage control module, the output voltage control module comprises a PI controller and a repetitive controller, a control signal of the single-phase H-bridge inverter is obtained through the adjustment of the two controllers, the control signal is led into a PWM generator to obtain a switch control signal of the single-phase H-bridge inverter, a switch tube is controlled to act according to the control signal, and the output voltage of the single-phase H-bridge inverter is adjusted to reach a target value.
5. The electrolytic hydrogen production rectification power supply based on the high transformation ratio transformer is characterized by comprising a 6-pulse-wave thyristor rectifier, a single-phase H-bridge inverter, a parallel rectification transformer, an LC filter, a series high transformation ratio step-down transformer, a DSP control module, a voltage sampling circuit and a driving circuit; the parallel rectifier transformer has a primary side connected with a three-phase AC bus and a secondary side connected with the midpoint of a bridge arm of a 6-pulse thyristor rectifier; the cathode of an upper bridge arm of the 6-pulse-wave thyristor rectifier is connected with the anode of a load, and the anode of a lower bridge arm is connected with a synonym terminal of the secondary side of the series high-transformation-ratio step-down transformer; the middle point of a first bridge arm of the single-phase H-bridge inverter is connected with one end of an LC filter inductor; one end of a capacitor of the LC filter and a primary side different name end of the series high transformation ratio step-down transformer are respectively connected with the middle point of a second bridge arm of the single-phase H-bridge inverter; the other end of the LC filter inductor and the other end of the LC filter capacitor are connected with a primary side homonymous end of a series high-transformation-ratio step-down transformer; and the dotted terminal of the secondary side of the series high-transformation-ratio step-down transformer is connected with the positive pole of the load.
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