CN113514627A - Greenhouse environment acquisition device based on agricultural Internet of things and working method thereof - Google Patents
Greenhouse environment acquisition device based on agricultural Internet of things and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113514627A CN113514627A CN202110387677.5A CN202110387677A CN113514627A CN 113514627 A CN113514627 A CN 113514627A CN 202110387677 A CN202110387677 A CN 202110387677A CN 113514627 A CN113514627 A CN 113514627A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/08—Radiation
- A61L2/10—Ultraviolet radiation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/02—Cleaning by the force of jets or sprays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V8/00—Prospecting or detecting by optical means
- G01V8/10—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers
- G01V8/20—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers using multiple transmitters or receivers
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Abstract
The invention provides a greenhouse environment acquisition device based on an agricultural Internet of things and a working method thereof, and relates to the field of agricultural Internet of things. This big-arch shelter environment collection system based on agricultural thing networking includes: the main body mechanism is a main component of the internal structure of the greenhouse and provides a necessary platform for planting fruits and vegetables in the greenhouse; the collection mechanism is used for detecting and collecting temperature, humidity, moisture, salinity and soil samples in the soil. Realize gathering the horizontal and longitudinal movement of mechanism on the horizontal direction through first motor and second motor, realize gathering the removal of mechanism in the vertical direction through the telescoping cylinder to under infrared beam transmitter and infrared beam sensor's effect, realize multizone sampling and detection, thereby reduce the randomness that gathers the detection, realize sampling at every turn and in time wasing after detecting through wiper mechanism, guaranteed the quality of gathering, be worth wideling popularize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural Internet of things, in particular to a greenhouse environment acquisition device based on agricultural Internet of things and a working method thereof.
Background
In recent years, facility vegetables in China are greatly developed, greenhouse facility production is developing towards intensification and large-scale, the intelligent management demand on a greenhouse is continuously improved, the greenhouse environment is closely related to the growth, development and energy balance of crops, and monitoring of the planting environment is a basis and an important factor for regulating and controlling the growth environment of the crops and is a necessary means for improving the crop yield.
In the big-arch shelter environment collection device based on the agricultural thing networking that exists at present stage, basically all gather the detection through the device to independent region in the soil, to the soil environment in the big-arch shelter, the organic matter that exists or the content of inorganic matter have certain difference in the region of difference, thereby it is great easily to cause the randomness of gathering the testing data, the accuracy nature of testing result is gathered in the influence, secondly, if not in time wash the collection mechanism after the use, easily cause the influence of data when gathering next time, thereby influence the quality of gathering.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a greenhouse environment acquisition device based on an agricultural Internet of things and a working method thereof, and solves the problems that the randomness of acquired detection data is high, and the acquisition quality is affected due to the fact that an acquisition mechanism is not cleaned in time.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a greenhouse environment acquisition device based on the Internet of things of agriculture and a working method thereof are provided, wherein the greenhouse environment acquisition device comprises:
the main body mechanism is a main component of the internal structure of the greenhouse and provides a necessary platform for planting fruits and vegetables in the greenhouse;
the collecting mechanism is used for detecting and collecting temperature, humidity, moisture, salinity and soil samples in the soil;
the moving mechanism is used for moving the acquisition mechanism in multiple directions to realize continuous sampling acquisition of soil in multiple areas in the greenhouse;
the cleaning mechanism is used for washing, drying and disinfecting the used acquisition mechanism, so that a sample acquired at the previous time is prevented from remaining on the acquisition mechanism;
and the positioning mechanism is used for accurately positioning the region to be acquired.
Preferably, the main body mechanism comprises a soil layer, a supporting base and stand columns, the supporting base is arranged on the top end of the soil layer, and the stand columns are fixedly connected to the middle positions of the left end and the right end of the top of the supporting base.
Preferably, the collection mechanism includes soil temperature sensor, soil moisture sensor, soil salinity sensor and soil sampler, the equal fixedly connected with spliced pole in soil temperature sensor, soil moisture sensor and soil salinity sensor top.
Preferably, the moving mechanism comprises a first fixed frame, a first motor, a screw rod, a nut pair, a fixed column, a second fixed frame, a second motor, a screw rod, a connecting block, a telescopic cylinder and a mounting plate, wherein the first motor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the left end of the first fixed frame, the driving end of the first motor is fixedly connected to one end of the screw rod, the right end of the screw rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the right end of the first fixed frame, the nut pair is in threaded connection with the outer diameter of the middle part of the screw rod, the bottom end of the nut pair is fixedly connected to one end of the fixed column, the other end of the fixed column is fixedly connected to the center of the top end of the second fixed frame, the front end of the second fixed frame is fixedly connected to the second motor, the driving end of the second motor penetrates through the second fixed frame and is fixedly connected to one end of the screw rod, the other end of the screw rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rear end of the second fixed frame, and the outer diameter of the front side of the screw rod is in threaded connection with the connecting block, equal sliding connection has the gag lever post in the through-hole at both ends middle part about the connecting block, the gag lever post both ends are fixed connection respectively on the inner wall at both ends around the fixed frame of second, connecting block bottom fixedly connected with telescoping cylinder, telescoping cylinder bottom fixedly connected with mounting panel.
Preferably, the left end and the right end of the bottom of the first fixed frame are respectively and fixedly connected to the top ends of the stand columns, and four corners of the bottom end of the mounting plate are respectively and fixedly connected to the top ends of the corresponding connecting columns.
Preferably, wiper mechanism is including wasing case, water-collecting plate, high pressure nozzle, water tank, booster pump, fender, water catch bowl, electric fan heater and ultraviolet lamp, wash case left side bottom middle part fixedly connected with water tank, the fixedly connected with booster pump of the center department of water tank top inner wall, the booster pump output runs through the pipeline and washs case and fixedly connected with water-collecting plate, a plurality of high pressure nozzle of the even fixedly connected with of water-collecting plate right-hand member, water-collecting plate fixed connection is at the middle part of wasing case left end inner wall, wash a plurality of ultraviolet lamp of the even fixedly connected with in middle part of case rear end inner wall, wash the middle part fixedly connected with electric fan heater of case right side bottom, electric fan heater top output passes through the pipeline and washs the case and links to each other, the left side of connecting tube between washing case and the electric fan heater is provided with the check valve.
Preferably, positioning mechanism includes frame, infrared beam transmitter, infrared beam receiver and treater, the even fixedly connected with a plurality of infrared beam transmitters in frame top, infrared beam receiver passes through the signal line and links to each other with the treater, treater fixed connection is in the intermediate position of mounting panel top right-hand member.
Preferably, the frame fixed connection is at the soil horizon top, infrared light beam receiver fixed connection is in mounting panel left end middle part, the treater passes through the signal line and links to each other with the telescoping cylinder.
Preferably, the working method of the greenhouse environment acquisition device comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, the movement of the acquisition mechanism is realized through a moving mechanism, a first motor in a first fixed frame drives a screw rod to rotate, and the rotary motion on the screw rod is converted into linear motion under the action of a nut pair, thereby realizing the longitudinal linear movement of the nut pair in the horizontal direction, and driving the second fixing frame to perform linear movement in the horizontal direction through the nut pair under the action of the fixing column, meanwhile, the screw rod is driven to rotate by the second motor, the screw rod drives the connecting block to rotate, and the through holes at the two ends of the connecting block are both connected with limiting rods in a sliding manner, the connecting block is limited to rotate along with the screw rod under the action of the limiting rod, so that the linear motion of the connecting block on the screw rod is realized, the transverse movement of the bottom mounting plate in the horizontal direction is realized through the connecting block, and finally, the transverse and longitudinal movement of the mounting plate in the horizontal direction is realized;
s2, during collection, the mounting plate is moved to an area needing to be collected, then, when optical signals are transmitted between an infrared beam receiver at the left end of the mounting plate and an infrared beam transmitter in the appointed area, a processor activates the telescopic cylinder to be started, under the action of extension of a piston rod of the telescopic cylinder, a soil temperature sensor, a soil humidity sensor, a soil moisture sensor, a soil salinity sensor and a soil sampler at the bottom end of the mounting plate are driven to move downwards and are inserted into a soil layer of the appointed area, the temperature, the humidity, the moisture and the salinity of soil in the appointed area are detected through the soil temperature sensor, the soil humidity sensor, the soil moisture sensor and the soil salinity sensor, detected information is uploaded to a computer uniformly, sampling processing is carried out through the soil in the specific area of the soil sampler, and under the action of a first motor and a second motor, transferring the soil sampled in the soil sampler into a detection device, and detecting the content of organic matters and inorganic matters in the soil;
s3, after sampling and detection are finished, under the action of a first motor and a second motor, moving a mounting plate to a position corresponding to the top end of a cleaning box, enabling the mounting plate to enter the cleaning box under the action of a telescopic cylinder, then pumping cleaning liquid in a water tank into a water collecting plate through a booster pump, flushing the acquisition mechanism under the action of a high-pressure nozzle, after flushing is finished, drying the acquisition mechanism by starting a fan heater, and finally, disinfecting the acquisition mechanism by a plurality of ultraviolet lamps;
and S4, repeating S1-S3, continuously sampling and detecting other areas, uploading detection information to an external computer, and calculating an average value of multiple sampling and detection under the action of the external computer, so that the accuracy of sampling detection is improved.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a greenhouse environment acquisition device based on an agricultural Internet of things and a working method thereof. The method has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the first motor and the second motor are used for realizing the transverse and longitudinal movement of the acquisition mechanism in the horizontal direction, the telescopic cylinder is used for realizing the movement of the acquisition mechanism in the vertical direction, and multi-region sampling and detection are realized under the action of the infrared beam transmitter and the infrared beam sensor, so that the randomness of acquisition and detection is reduced.
2. According to the invention, the washing, drying and disinfection of the acquisition mechanism after each sampling and detection are finished are realized through the cleaning mechanism, the influence on the next acquisition is avoided, the acquisition quality is ensured, and the method is worthy of great popularization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a support base of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the first fixing frame according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the flush tank of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a perspective view of a second fixing frame according to the present invention.
Wherein, 1, a main body mechanism; 2. a collection mechanism; 3. a moving mechanism; 4. a cleaning mechanism; 5. a positioning mechanism; 6. a soil layer; 7. a support base; 8. a column; 9. a soil temperature sensor; 10. a soil humidity sensor; 11. a soil moisture sensor; 12. a soil salinity sensor; 13. a soil sampler; 14. connecting columns; 15. a first fixed frame; 16. a first motor; 17. a screw rod; 18. a nut pair; 19. fixing a column; 20. a second fixed frame; 21. a second motor; 22. a screw; 23. connecting blocks; 24. a telescopic cylinder; 25. mounting a plate; 26. a cleaning tank; 27. a water collection plate; 28. a high pressure spray head; 29. a water tank; 30. a booster pump; 31. a fender; 32. a water collection tank; 33. a warm air blower; 34. an ultraviolet lamp; 35. a one-way valve; 36. a frame; 37. an infrared beam transmitter; 38. an infrared beam receiver; 39. a processor; 40. a limiting rod.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1 to 6, an embodiment of the present invention provides a greenhouse environment collection device based on the internet of things of agriculture and a working method thereof, wherein the greenhouse environment collection device includes:
the greenhouse comprises a main body mechanism 1, wherein the main body mechanism 1 is a main component of an internal structure of the greenhouse, and a necessary platform is provided for planting fruits and vegetables in the greenhouse;
the collecting mechanism 2 is used for detecting and collecting the temperature, the humidity, the moisture, the salinity and the soil sample in the soil;
the moving mechanism 3 is used for moving the acquisition mechanism 2 in multiple directions, so that continuous sampling acquisition of soil in multiple areas in the greenhouse is realized;
the cleaning mechanism 4 is used for washing, drying and disinfecting the used acquisition mechanism 2, so that a sample acquired at the previous time is prevented from remaining on the acquisition mechanism 2;
and the positioning mechanism 5 is used for accurately determining the area required to be acquired by the positioning mechanism 5.
The collecting mechanism 2 comprises a soil temperature sensor 9, a soil humidity sensor 10, a soil moisture sensor 11, a soil salinity sensor 12 and a soil sampler 13, wherein the top ends of the soil temperature sensor 9, the soil humidity sensor 10, the soil moisture sensor 11 and the soil salinity sensor 12 are fixedly connected with a connecting column 14.
The moving mechanism 3 comprises a first fixed frame 15, a first motor 16, a screw rod 17, a nut pair 18, a fixed column 19, a second fixed frame 20, a second motor 21, a screw rod 22, a connecting block 23, a telescopic cylinder 24 and a mounting plate 25, wherein the inner wall of the left end of the first fixed frame 15 is fixedly connected with the first motor 16, the driving end of the first motor 16 is fixedly connected with one end of the screw rod 17, the right end of the screw rod 17 is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the right end of the first fixed frame 15, the outer diameter of the middle part of the screw rod 17 is in threaded connection with the nut pair 18, the bottom end of the nut pair 18 is fixedly connected with one end of the fixed column 19, the other end of the fixed column 19 is fixedly connected with the center of the top end of the second fixed frame 20, the front end of the second fixed frame 20 is fixedly connected with the second motor 21, the driving end of the second motor 21 penetrates through the second fixed frame 20 and is fixedly connected with one end of the screw rod 22, the other end of the screw rod 22 is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the rear end of the second fixed frame 20, threaded connection has connecting block 23 on the screw rod 22 front side external diameter, and equal sliding connection has gag lever post 40 in the through-hole at both ends middle part about connecting block 23, and gag lever post 40 both ends are fixed connection respectively on the inner wall at both ends around the fixed frame 20 of second, and connecting block 23 bottom fixedly connected with telescoping cylinder 24, 24 bottom fixedly connected with mounting panels 25 of telescoping cylinder.
The left end and the right end of the bottom of the first fixing frame 15 are respectively and fixedly connected to the top ends of the upright columns 8, and four corners of the bottom end of the mounting plate 25 are respectively and fixedly connected to the top ends of the corresponding connecting columns 14.
The cleaning mechanism 4 comprises a cleaning tank 26, a water collecting plate 27, a high-pressure spray head 28, a water tank 29, a booster pump 30, a mudguard 31, a water collecting tank 32, a warm air blower 33 and an ultraviolet lamp 34, wash case 26 left side bottom middle part fixedly connected with water tank 29, fixedly connected with booster pump 30 is located at the center of water tank 29 top inner wall, the 30 output of booster pump runs through the pipeline and washs case 26 and fixedly connected with water-collecting plate 27, a plurality of high pressure nozzle of the even fixedly connected with of water-collecting plate 27 right-hand member 28, water-collecting plate 27 fixed connection is at the middle part of wasing 26 left end inner walls of case, wash a plurality of ultraviolet lamp 34 of the even fixedly connected with in middle part of 26 rear end inner walls of case, wash the middle part fixedly connected with electric fan heater 33 of 26 right sides bottom of case, electric fan heater 33 top output passes through the pipeline and washs case 26 and links to each other, the left side of connecting tube is provided with check valve 35 between washing case 26 and the electric fan heater 33.
The positioning mechanism 5 comprises a frame 36, infrared beam transmitters 37, infrared beam receivers 38 and a processor 39, wherein the plurality of infrared beam transmitters 37 are uniformly and fixedly connected to the top end of the frame 36, and the infrared beam receivers 38 are connected with the processor 39 through signal lines.
The frame 36 is fixedly connected to the top end of the soil layer 6, the infrared beam receiver 38 is fixedly connected to the middle of the left end of the mounting plate 25, the processor 39 is connected with the telescopic cylinder 24 through a signal line, and the processor 39 is fixedly connected to the middle of the right end of the top of the mounting plate 25.
The working method of the greenhouse environment acquisition device comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, the movement of the acquisition mechanism 2 is realized through the moving mechanism 3, the first motor 16 in the first fixing frame 15 drives the screw rod 17 to rotate, the rotary motion on the screw rod 17 is converted into linear motion under the action of the nut pair 18, so that the longitudinal linear motion of the nut pair 18 in the horizontal direction is realized, the second fixing frame 20 is driven to perform the linear motion in the horizontal direction through the nut pair 18 under the action of the fixing column 19, meanwhile, the screw rod 22 is driven to rotate through the second motor 21, the screw rod 22 drives the connecting block 23 to rotate, as the through holes at the two ends of the connecting block 23 are both connected with the limiting rods 40 in a sliding manner, the rotation of the connecting block 23 along with the screw rod 22 is limited under the action of the limiting rods 40, so that the linear motion of the connecting block 23 on the screw rod 22 is realized, and the transverse motion of the bottom mounting plate 25 in the horizontal direction is realized through the connecting block 23, finally, lateral and longitudinal movements of the mounting plate 25 in the horizontal direction are achieved;
s2, during collection, the mounting plate 25 is moved to an area needing to be collected, then, when optical signals are transmitted between the infrared beam receiver 38 at the left end of the mounting plate 25 and the infrared beam transmitter 37 in the specified area, the processor 39 activates the telescopic cylinder 24 to be started, under the action of extension of the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 24, the soil temperature sensor 9, the soil humidity sensor 10, the soil moisture sensor 11, the soil salinity sensor 12 and the soil sampler 13 at the bottom end of the mounting plate 25 are driven to move downwards and be inserted into the soil layer 6 in the specified area, the temperature, the humidity, the moisture and the salinity of the soil in the specified area are detected through the soil temperature sensor 9, the soil humidity sensor 10, the soil moisture sensor 11 and the soil salinity sensor 12, the detected information is uniformly uploaded to the computer, and the soil in the specified area of the soil sampler 13 is sampled, under the action of the first motor 16 and the second motor 21, the soil sampled in the soil sampler 13 is transferred into a detection device, and the content of organic matters and inorganic matters in the soil is detected;
s3, after sampling and detection are finished, under the action of the first motor 16 and the second motor 21, the mounting plate 25 is moved to a position corresponding to the top end of the cleaning box 26, the mounting plate 25 enters the cleaning box 26 under the action of the telescopic cylinder 24, then cleaning liquid in the water tank 29 is pumped into the water collecting plate 27 through the booster pump 30, flushing of the collecting mechanism 2 is achieved under the action of the high-pressure spray head 28, after flushing is finished, drying treatment of the collecting mechanism 2 is achieved by starting the fan heater 33, and finally, disinfection treatment of the collecting mechanism 2 is achieved through the ultraviolet lamps 34;
and S4, repeating S1-S3, continuously sampling and detecting other areas, uploading detection information to an external computer, and calculating an average value of multiple sampling and detection under the action of the external computer, so that the accuracy of sampling detection is improved.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a big-arch shelter environment collection system based on agricultural thing networking which characterized in that: big-arch shelter environment collection system includes:
the greenhouse comprises a main body mechanism (1), wherein the main body mechanism (1) is a main component of an internal structure of the greenhouse and provides a necessary platform for planting fruits and vegetables in the greenhouse;
the collecting mechanism (2) is used for detecting and collecting the temperature, the humidity, the moisture, the salinity and the soil sample in the soil;
the moving mechanism (3) is used for moving the collecting mechanism (2) in multiple directions, so that continuous sampling collection of soil in multiple regions in the greenhouse is realized;
the cleaning mechanism (4) is used for washing, drying and disinfecting the used acquisition mechanism (2) so as to prevent a sample acquired at the previous time from remaining on the acquisition mechanism (2);
the positioning mechanism (5) is used for accurately positioning the area required to be acquired by the positioning mechanism (5).
2. The greenhouse environment collection device based on the Internet of things for agriculture according to claim 1, wherein: main part mechanism (1) includes soil horizon (6), supporting pedestal (7) and stand (8), supporting pedestal (7) set up on soil horizon (6) top, the equal fixedly connected with stand (8) of intermediate position department at both ends about supporting pedestal (7) top.
3. The greenhouse environment collection device based on the Internet of things for agriculture according to claim 1, wherein: gather mechanism (2) and include soil temperature sensor (9), soil moisture sensor (10), soil moisture content sensor (11), soil salinity sensor (12) and soil sampler (13), soil temperature sensor (9), soil moisture sensor (10), soil moisture content sensor (11) and the equal fixedly connected with spliced pole (14) in soil salinity sensor (12) top.
4. The greenhouse environment collection device based on the Internet of things for agriculture according to claim 1, wherein: the moving mechanism (3) comprises a first fixed frame (15), a first motor (16), a screw rod (17), a nut pair (18), a fixed column (19), a second fixed frame (20), a second motor (21), a screw rod (22), a connecting block (23), a telescopic cylinder (24) and a mounting plate (25), wherein the first motor (16) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the left end of the first fixed frame (15), the driving end of the first motor (16) is fixedly connected to one end of the screw rod (17), the right end of the screw rod (17) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the right end of the first fixed frame (15), the nut pair (18) is in threaded connection on the outer diameter of the middle part of the screw rod (17), the bottom end of the nut pair (18) is fixedly connected to one end of the fixed column (19), the other end of the fixed column (19) is fixedly connected to the center of the top end of the second fixed frame (20), the front end of the second fixed frame (20) is fixedly connected to the second motor (21), the utility model discloses a fixed frame of second motor (21) drive end runs through fixed frame (20) of second and fixed connection is in screw rod (22) one end, screw rod (22) other end rotates to be connected on the fixed frame of second (20) rear end inner wall, threaded connection has connecting block (23) on screw rod (22) front side external diameter, equal sliding connection has gag lever post (40) in the through-hole at both ends middle part about connecting block (23), gag lever post (40) both ends difference fixed connection is on the inner wall at both ends around the fixed frame of second (20), connecting block (23) bottom fixedly connected with telescoping cylinder (24), telescoping cylinder (24) bottom fixedly connected with mounting panel (25).
5. The greenhouse environment collection device based on the Internet of things for agriculture of claim 4, wherein: both ends difference fixed connection is on stand (8) top about first fixed frame (15) bottom, mounting panel (25) bottom four corners difference fixed connection is on corresponding spliced pole (14) top.
6. The greenhouse environment collection device based on the Internet of things for agriculture according to claim 1, wherein: cleaning mechanism (4) is including wasing case (26), water-collecting plate (27), high pressure nozzle (28), water tank (29), booster pump (30), fender (31), water catch bowl (32), electric fan heater (33) and ultraviolet lamp (34), wash case (26) left side bottom middle part fixedly connected with water tank (29), fixedly connected with booster pump (30) is located at the center of water tank (29) top inner wall, booster pump (30) output runs through and washs case (26) and fixedly connected with water-collecting plate (27) through the pipeline, the even fixedly connected with of water-collecting plate (27) right-hand member has a plurality of high pressure nozzle (28), water-collecting plate (27) fixed connection is in the middle part of wasing case (26) left end inner wall, the even fixedly connected with of middle part of wasing case (26) rear end inner wall has a plurality of ultraviolet lamp (34), wash the middle part fixedly connected with electric fan heater (33) of case (26) right side bottom, the output end of the top of the fan heater (33) is connected with the cleaning box (26) through a pipeline, and a one-way valve (35) is arranged on the left side of the connecting pipeline between the cleaning box (26) and the fan heater (33).
7. The greenhouse environment collection device based on the Internet of things for agriculture according to claim 1, wherein: the positioning mechanism (5) comprises a frame (36), infrared beam transmitters (37), infrared beam receivers (38) and a processor (39), wherein the top end of the frame (36) is uniformly and fixedly connected with the plurality of infrared beam transmitters (37), and the infrared beam receivers (38) are connected with the processor (39) through signal lines.
8. The greenhouse environment collection device based on the Internet of things for agriculture according to claim 7, wherein: frame (36) fixed connection is on soil horizon (6) top, infrared light beam receiver (38) fixed connection is in mounting panel (25) left end middle part, treater (39) pass through signal line and telescoping cylinder (24) link to each other, treater (39) fixed connection is in the intermediate position of mounting panel (25) top right-hand member.
9. The operation method of the greenhouse environment collection device based on the Internet of things for agriculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: the working method of the greenhouse environment acquisition device comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, a moving mechanism (3) is used for moving an acquisition mechanism (2), a first motor (16) in a first fixing frame (15) is used for driving a screw rod (17) to rotate, under the action of a nut pair (18), rotary motion on the screw rod (17) is converted into linear motion, so that longitudinal linear motion of the nut pair (18) in the horizontal direction is realized, under the action of a fixing column (19), a second fixing frame (20) is driven by the nut pair (18) to perform linear motion in the horizontal direction, meanwhile, a screw rod (22) is driven by a second motor (21) to rotate, the screw rod (22) drives a connecting block (23) to rotate, and as limiting rods (40) are connected in through holes at two ends of the connecting block (23) in a sliding mode, the connecting block (23) is limited to rotate along with the screw rod (22) under the action of the limiting rods (40), thereby realizing the linear motion of the connecting block (23) on the screw (22), realizing the transverse movement of the bottom mounting plate (25) in the horizontal direction through the connecting block (23), and finally realizing the transverse and longitudinal movement of the mounting plate (25) in the horizontal direction;
s2, during collection, the mounting plate (25) is moved to an area needing to be collected, then, when optical signals are transmitted between an infrared beam receiver (38) at the left end of the mounting plate (25) and an infrared beam transmitter (37) in the specified area, a processor (39) activates the telescopic cylinder (24) to be started, under the action of extension of a piston rod of the telescopic cylinder (24), the soil temperature sensor (9), the soil humidity sensor (10), the soil moisture sensor (11), the soil salinity sensor (12) and the soil sampler (13) at the bottom end of the mounting plate (25) are driven to move downwards and be inserted into a soil layer (6) in the specified area, and the temperature, the humidity and the moisture of soil in the specified area are measured through the soil temperature sensor (9), the soil humidity sensor (10), the soil moisture sensor (11) and the soil salinity sensor (12), Detecting moisture and salt, uniformly uploading detected information to a computer, sampling and processing soil in a specific area through a soil sampler (13), transferring the soil sampled in the soil sampler (13) into a detection device under the action of a first motor (16) and a second motor (21), and detecting the content of organic matters and inorganic matters in the soil;
s3, after sampling and detection are finished, under the action of a first motor (16) and a second motor (21), a mounting plate (25) is moved to a position corresponding to the top end of a cleaning box (26), the mounting plate (25) enters the cleaning box (26) under the action of a telescopic cylinder (24), then, cleaning liquid in a water tank (29) is pumped into a water collecting plate (27) through a booster pump (30), flushing of the acquisition mechanism (2) is achieved under the action of a high-pressure spray head (28), after the flushing is finished, drying treatment of the acquisition mechanism (2) is achieved by starting a warm air blower (33), and finally, disinfection treatment of the acquisition mechanism (2) is achieved through a plurality of ultraviolet lamps (34);
and S4, repeating S1-S3, continuously sampling and detecting other areas, uploading detection information to an external computer, and calculating an average value of multiple sampling and detection under the action of the external computer, so that the accuracy of sampling detection is improved.
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