CN113513506A - Dynamic smoke exhaust system and method based on spatial extinction coefficient measurement - Google Patents
Dynamic smoke exhaust system and method based on spatial extinction coefficient measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN113513506A CN113513506A CN202110515226.5A CN202110515226A CN113513506A CN 113513506 A CN113513506 A CN 113513506A CN 202110515226 A CN202110515226 A CN 202110515226A CN 113513506 A CN113513506 A CN 113513506A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
- F04F5/48—Control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/14—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid
- F04F5/16—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing elastic fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/54—Installations characterised by use of jet pumps, e.g. combinations of two or more jet pumps of different type
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
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Abstract
The invention provides a dynamic smoke exhaust system and method based on spatial extinction coefficient measurement. The system comprises an integrated controller, an extinction coefficient monitoring system and a dynamic smoke exhaust system. The integrated controller is respectively connected with the extinction coefficient monitoring system and the dynamic smoke exhaust system and used for obtaining dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters according to the extinction coefficients of different spatial positions monitored by the extinction coefficient monitoring system and then sending the dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters to the dynamic smoke exhaust system to control the dynamic smoke exhaust system to perform dynamic smoke exhaust. The invention can measure the extinction coefficients of different positions in the space in a panoramic way, and dynamically change the parameters of wind direction, wind pressure, air supply quantity and the like of the smoke outlet and the air supply outlet of the smoke on the basis of the measurement of the extinction coefficients of different positions in the space, thereby realizing the three-dimensional and dead-angle-free clearing of the smoke in the whole space.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental monitoring and control, in particular to a dynamic smoke exhaust system and method based on spatial extinction coefficient measurement.
Background
The fire smoke as the main combustion product is easy to further spread and cause serious injury and death of people in a large range if the fire smoke cannot be controlled in time due to diffusivity, toxicity and high temperature of the fire smoke. Therefore, in the building design fire protection code, it is clearly specified that a fixed mechanical smoke exhaust system must be installed in a garage, a subway, a market and other places with intensive personnel.
The existing fixed smoke exhaust system generally eliminates fire smoke through devices such as a flue, a fan, a smoke exhaust port and the like which are fixedly arranged at a certain space position. For example, the node distribution of the existing intelligent induced fan control system is designed by related departments, each induced fan node belongs to a fixed air duct, and the operation of the induced fan is controlled mainly by detecting the environmental smoke concentration and temperature conditions at fixed points.
However, the arrangement form of the equipment has certain defects, and for some large spaces, the smoke can spread to corners, ceiling edges and other positions, dead angles of smoke movement can be caused due to the structural characteristics of the equipment, and the smoke at the positions are difficult to be discharged through smoke outlets at fixed space positions. The fundamental reason that the smoke is difficult to remove is that the motion of the smoke often presents certain randomness under the influence of a space complex flow field, and under the condition that the smoke discharge mode of the system is relatively fixed, the pressure field and the speed field of the flow field in the space are difficult to ensure to really accord with the motion condition of the smoke, and the fixed-point smoke concentration test also has limitation, and smoke discharge dead corners are easy to appear.
In view of the above, there is a need for an improved dynamic smoke evacuation system and method based on spatial extinction coefficient measurement to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a dynamic smoke exhaust system and a method based on spatial extinction coefficient measurement. By measuring the extinction coefficients of different positions in the space, the conditions of the extinction coefficients of different positions are measured in a panoramic mode, and on the basis, the parameters of wind direction, wind pressure, air supply quantity and the like of a smoke exhaust port and an air supply port of smoke are dynamically changed, so that the smoke in the whole space is three-dimensionally cleared without dead angles.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a dynamic smoke exhaust system based on spatial extinction coefficient measurement, which comprises an integrated controller, an extinction coefficient monitoring system and a dynamic smoke exhaust system, wherein the integrated controller is used for controlling the extinction coefficient monitoring system to perform the measurement;
the integrated controller is respectively connected with the extinction coefficient monitoring system and the dynamic smoke exhaust system, and is used for obtaining dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters according to the extinction coefficients of different spatial positions monitored by the extinction coefficient monitoring system and then sending the dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters to the dynamic smoke exhaust system to control the dynamic smoke exhaust system to perform dynamic smoke exhaust.
As a further improvement of the invention, the extinction coefficient monitoring system comprises a plurality of extinction coefficient monitoring units which are respectively arranged at a plurality of spatial positions; and each extinction coefficient monitoring unit is correspondingly provided with a label unit for storing the spatial position information of the extinction coefficient monitoring unit and transmitting the spatial position information to the integrated controller, so that the integrated controller can accurately acquire the extinction coefficients at different spatial positions.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the method for acquiring the dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters by the centralized controller is a real-time operation acquisition method or a level operation calling method; the real-time operation obtaining method is to obtain dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters through real-time operation according to real-time monitoring extinction coefficients of different spatial positions; the grade operation calling method is to grade the extinction coefficient in advance, store the dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters corresponding to each grade, and then call the corresponding dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters according to the grade interval corresponding to the real-time monitored extinction coefficient.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the dynamic smoke exhaust system includes an induced fan module and a dynamic smoke exhaust control module for controlling the induced fan module to operate, and the dynamic smoke exhaust control module is connected to the centralized controller.
As a further improvement of the invention, the dynamic smoke exhaust control module comprises a power supply module, a processor module, a driving module and a communication module; the centralized controller is connected with the dynamic smoke exhaust control module through the communication module; the processor module is used for receiving the dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters to control the operation of the driving module, and the driving module is used for controlling the operation of the induction fan module to perform dynamic smoke exhaust.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the driving module includes a wind direction driving module, a wind speed driving module and an air volume driving module, which are respectively used for controlling the wind direction, the wind speed and the air volume of the induced fan module, so as to realize three-dimensional and dead-corner-free smoke removal in the whole space.
As a further improvement of the invention, the induction fan module comprises a plurality of induction fan units, a smoke outlet, an air supply outlet, a smoke exhaust pipeline and a smoke exhaust fire damper; the induced fan units are arranged at a plurality of positions of a space, and the driving module controls the wind direction, the wind speed and the wind volume of the induced fan units.
As a further improvement of the present invention, each induced fan unit is provided with a tag unit for storing the model and spatial position information of the induced fan unit and transmitting the information to the centralized controller, so that the centralized controller respectively calculates to obtain the dynamic smoke discharge operation parameters of each induced fan unit and performs dynamic smoke discharge control.
As a further improvement of the invention, the extinction coefficient monitoring unit is arranged in a space where smoke is required to be exhausted in a crossed manner in two directions, namely a parallel direction and a vertical direction, so that the space where smoke is required to be exhausted is divided into n areas in the direction parallel to the smoke exhaust direction, and a plurality of induction fan modules are distributed in each area; an extinction coefficient EV in a direction perpendicular to the smoke exhaust direction and an extinction coefficient ED in a direction parallel to the smoke exhaust direction can be obtained in each region, and a correlation coefficient between the wind direction and the wind speed of the induction fan module and the extinction coefficient can be obtained according to the extinction coefficient EV and the extinction coefficient ED; when the extinction coefficient can be continuously reduced by adjusting the wind direction and the wind speed of the induction fan module, the current adjusted numerical value can be considered to be reasonable, otherwise, the wind direction and the wind speed are dynamically changed.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the dynamic smoke exhaust system further includes a database, configured to store the dynamic smoke exhaust scheme of the whole time node for each dynamic smoke exhaust, so as to facilitate optimization and improvement of the dynamic smoke exhaust system.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a dynamic smoke exhaust method based on spatial extinction coefficient measurement, which adopts the above dynamic smoke exhaust system based on spatial extinction coefficient measurement to perform dynamic smoke exhaust, and comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring extinction coefficients of different spatial positions in real time by an extinction coefficient monitoring system, and sending the extinction coefficients to an integrated controller;
s2, the centralized controller judges whether a smoke exhaust threshold value is reached or not according to the extinction coefficient acquired in the step S1, and if yes, the extinction coefficient is processed to obtain dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters;
and S3, dynamically exhausting smoke by the dynamic smoke exhausting system according to the dynamic smoke exhausting operation parameters obtained in the step S2.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a dynamic smoke exhaust system based on spatial extinction coefficient measurement. The integrated controller obtains dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters according to the extinction coefficients of different spatial positions monitored by the extinction coefficient monitoring system, and then sends the dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters to the dynamic smoke exhaust system to control the dynamic smoke exhaust system to perform dynamic smoke exhaust. The invention can measure the distribution and motion trend of the smoke at different positions in a panoramic way by measuring the extinction coefficients at different positions in the space, and dynamically change the parameters of the wind direction, the wind pressure, the air supply quantity and the like of the smoke outlet and the air supply outlet on the basis, thereby realizing the three-dimensional and dead-angle-free clearing of the smoke in the whole space.
2. According to the dynamic smoke exhaust system based on the spatial extinction coefficient measurement, provided by the invention, the spatial extinction coefficient is taken as a regulation and control index of dynamic smoke exhaust, and compared with a traditional smoke concentration sensing test and a fixed smoke exhaust system, the extinction coefficient can more accurately reflect the smoke distribution conditions and the movement trend conditions of different positions in a space, so that the directional fixed-point smoke exhaust regulation and control are realized, and the whole smoke field has no dead angle. In addition, due to the non-uniformity of the smoke distribution, the smoke concentration test has space position limitation, and missed detection or delayed induction occurs, so that the fire spreads. The extinction coefficient detection is the responsiveness of atmosphere in space to light, so that the panoramic smoke distribution condition can be obtained by arranging the extinction coefficient monitoring units at different positions, and dynamic smoke discharge can be comprehensively and timely performed. The invention provides an effective thought and way for dynamic smoke discharge and has important significance for environmental safety engineering.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a dynamic smoke exhaust system based on spatial extinction coefficient measurement according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the dynamic smoke exhaust system based on the spatial extinction coefficient measurement according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps closely related to the scheme of the present invention are shown in the specific embodiments, and other details not closely related to the present invention are omitted.
In addition, it is also to be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Referring to fig. 1, the dynamic smoke exhaust system based on spatial extinction coefficient measurement provided by the present invention includes an integrated controller, an extinction coefficient monitoring system, and a dynamic smoke exhaust system. The integrated controller is respectively connected with the extinction coefficient monitoring system and the dynamic smoke exhaust system, and is used for obtaining dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters according to the extinction coefficients of different spatial positions monitored by the extinction coefficient monitoring system and then sending the dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters to the dynamic smoke exhaust system to control the dynamic smoke exhaust system to perform dynamic smoke exhaust.
In practical application, based on the structural characteristics of the space to be deployed, related departments design a flue, arrange a dynamic smoke exhaust system and an extinction coefficient monitoring system, and connect the centralized controller with the dynamic smoke exhaust system and the extinction coefficient monitoring system respectively in a communication manner, so that a monitoring mode can be started to perform real-time dynamic adjustment.
The dynamic smoke exhaust system comprises an induction fan module and a dynamic smoke exhaust control module used for controlling the induction fan module to operate, and the dynamic smoke exhaust control module is connected with the integrated controller. The integrated controller sends the dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters to the dynamic smoke exhaust control module, and then controls the dynamic operation of the induced fan module.
Specifically, the dynamic smoke exhaust control module comprises a power supply module, a processor module, a driving module and a communication module. The power supply module supplies power to the processor module, the driving module and the communication module; the centralized controller is connected with the dynamic smoke exhaust control module through the communication module, so that dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters are sent to the processor module, and preferably a public network server is connected with the communication module; the processor module is connected with the driving module and used for receiving the dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters to control the operation of the driving module; the driving module is connected with the induced fan module and used for controlling the operation of the induced fan module to dynamically discharge smoke.
Particularly, the driving module comprises a wind direction driving module, a wind speed driving module and an air volume driving module, and the wind direction driving module, the wind speed driving module and the air volume driving module are respectively used for controlling the wind direction, the wind speed and the air volume of the induction fan module so as to realize three-dimensional and dead-angle-free smoke removal in the whole space.
Correspondingly, the induction fan module comprises a plurality of induction fan units, a smoke outlet, an air supply outlet, a smoke exhaust pipeline and a smoke exhaust fire damper; the induced fan units are arranged at a plurality of positions of a space, and the driving module controls the wind direction, the wind speed and the wind volume of the induced fan units. The smoke exhaust port is arranged on the top of the space or a wall surface close to the top, the air supply port is arranged on the wall surface close to the bottom of the space, and the smoke exhaust fire damper is arranged at an inlet of a smoke exhaust pipeline.
The induction fan is a part of the non-air duct jet flow induction ventilation system, and the induction fan, the air supply fan and the air exhaust fan form the whole system. The principle of the air-conditioning system is that a plurality of directional high-speed air flows emitted by induction fan nozzles which are designed and properly arranged in a system induce outdoor fresh air or treated air to be sent to a required area under the condition of no air pipe, so that the optimal indoor air flow organization is realized, and the efficient and economic ventilation and air exchange effects are achieved. The angle and the direction of the air supply outlet of the induction fan unit are changed, the fall of cold air and hot air can be adjusted, cold air is prevented from entering a working area too early, discomfort of a human body is avoided, the problem that hot air is difficult to supply is solved, main air flow can be turned, the occurrence of an air supply dead zone is avoided, and the temperature difference of the area is reduced.
Particularly, each induced fan unit is provided with a tag unit for storing information such as the model and the spatial position of the induced fan unit and transmitting the information to the centralized controller, so that the centralized controller can respectively calculate to obtain the dynamic smoke discharge operation parameters of each induced fan unit and perform dynamic smoke discharge control. The integrated controller is prestored with whole space layout information of the space, such as space structure information and space internal deployment information, when a fire disaster and other occasions needing smoke exhaust are met, the integrated controller performs air channel planning operation according to the space layout information of the space and extinction coefficients of different positions of the space monitored in real time, and therefore dynamic operation parameters of the induced fan units of all the positions are obtained at fixed points, and dynamic smoke exhaust of the whole space is achieved.
Light extinctionThe coefficient is an important parameter of atmospheric optical property, is closely related to the physical property of aerosol, and is the sum of the extinction coefficient of the aerosol and the extinction coefficient of gas molecules. In low levels of atmosphere, the extinction effect of aerosol particles is much greater than the extinction coefficient of air molecules, and thus the extinction coefficient of air molecules can generally be ignored. The spatial distribution of the extinction coefficients can reflect changes in atmospheric motion and conditions to some extent. During a fire, the combustion products mainly comprise CO2CO, hydrocarbons, carbon particles, etc., fuel monomers, partial oxidation products, polymeric chains are also precipitated by combustion pyrolysis, and they are condensed into fine liquid phase particles (secondary particles) under the action of vapor pressure. In all these products, carbon black and secondary particles are the main components of smoke and also the main components forming PM2.5 in fire environment, and the particles have important influence on the extinction coefficient of the space. Therefore, by monitoring extinction coefficients of different positions of the space, the change conditions of the movement and the state of smoke in the space can be obtained in a panoramic manner, the centralized controller carries out an air channel planning algorithm by combining fire smoke movement related knowledge and algorithm according to smoke distribution and change trend to obtain optimal dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters (including parameters such as wind direction, wind pressure and air quantity), so that the dynamic smoke exhaust system is controlled to change the angles of a smoke exhaust port and an air supply port of the smoke, the air supply pressure and the air supply quantity, and the three-dimensional and dead-corner-free smoke removal in the whole space is finally realized.
The smoke concentration increase at different positions in the space can reduce the visibility of the corresponding positions, and further increase the extinction coefficient. Therefore, the effect can be used as an index parameter for starting different ventilation modes of the smoke exhaust system, but due to the complexity of a building structure, the movement of smoke presents a complex and changeable form, including entrainment, convolution, concentration jump and the like. Therefore, the effectiveness of the smoke exhaust system cannot be truly reflected only by single-point measurement or individual position measurement in the space, and an integral space measurement system must be established.
Specifically, the extinction coefficient monitoring system comprises a plurality of extinction coefficient monitoring units which are respectively arranged at a plurality of spatial positions. And each extinction coefficient monitoring unit is correspondingly provided with a label unit for storing the spatial position information of the extinction coefficient monitoring unit and transmitting the spatial position information to the integrated controller, so that the integrated controller can accurately acquire the extinction coefficients at different spatial positions. The arrangement positions of the extinction coefficient monitoring units are reasonably arranged at corresponding positions by related technicians according to the structural characteristics of a space to be deployed; meanwhile, the spatial position information of each extinction coefficient monitoring unit is obtained, so that the extinction coefficients of different spatial positions can be determined at fixed points, and the distribution and motion trend of the smoke in the space can be mastered more accurately.
The method for acquiring the dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters by the centralized controller is a real-time operation acquisition method or a grade operation calling method.
The real-time operation obtaining method is to obtain dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters through real-time operation according to real-time monitoring extinction coefficients of different spatial positions. The operation method has high data processing and operation capacity on the integrated controller, can construct a relation model of smoke discharge parameters and extinction coefficients based on the structural characteristics of the space and the fire protection and smoke discharge related theoretical knowledge, and trains and learns the model, so that an optimized model is obtained, and real-time dynamic adjustment is realized.
Specifically, for a smoke exhaust system, the overall goal is to guide the smoke to move towards the smoke exhaust direction, and the extinction coefficient gradually decreases as the smoke concentration decreases, but due to the complexity of the smoke movement, the decrease in the extinction coefficient measured at a single location cannot represent the movement of the smoke in the area of the location towards the smoke exhaust direction. Therefore, the measurement result is used as an objective function to dynamically adjust the air supply pressure and the air supply angle of the induced fan in the smoke exhaust system. Referring to fig. 2, in order to ensure the space coverage, an extinction coefficient measuring device (for example, SD in fig. 2) should be arranged in parallel and perpendicular to the direction of the air inlet and the air outlet1，SD2，…，SDnAnd SV1，SV2，…，SVm) When the space size is large, a measurement system may be added at an intermediate position.
Is perpendicular to the smoke discharge directionThe number of the directly arranged measuring system is SV in sequence1，SV2，……，SVmThe extinction coefficients obtained are in turn EV1，EV2，…，EVmThe serial number of the measuring system horizontal to the smoke discharge direction is sequentially SD1，SD2，……，SDnThe resulting extinction coefficients are in turn ED1，ED2，…，EDn。
Dividing the space needing smoke exhaust into n regions in the direction parallel to the smoke exhaust, wherein each region corresponds to a parallel extinction coefficient measurement system SDkAnd a vertical extinction coefficient measurement system SVrThe area is provided with p induction fans, the corresponding adjusting angle of each induction fan is, and the corresponding adjusting wind speed of each induction fan is
Selecting any one time t1Selecting the No. q induction fan to obtain:
in the formula, q is used for inducing the fan to adjust the angle and adjust the correlation coefficient of the wind speed and the extinction coefficient, and t can be solved through the formula1The correlation coefficient corresponding to the time. According to the basic rule of fire smoke spreading, under the condition of fixed space and fixed fire source characteristics, the correlation coefficient should have stability, and two moments t are selected2、t3And calculating to obtain a correlation coefficient, and averaging to obtain:
and taking the result obtained by the above formula as the correlation coefficient of the regulation angle of the No. q fan, the regulation wind speed and the extinction coefficient.
When the extinction coefficient can be continuously reduced by adjusting the angle and the wind speed, the current adjusted value is considered to be reasonable, otherwise, the angle and the wind speed are changed.
The grade operation and retrieval method comprises the steps of carrying out grade division on extinction coefficients in advance, storing dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters corresponding to each grade, storing each group of dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters and a corresponding extinction coefficient grade interval as a complete dynamic smoke exhaust scheme, and retrieving the dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters in the corresponding dynamic smoke exhaust scheme according to the grade interval corresponding to the real-time monitored extinction coefficients. When the monitored extinction coefficients are the extinction coefficients at a plurality of spatial positions, the extinction coefficient at each position has a plurality of grade intervals, and the number of the dynamic smoke exhaust schemes is the total number of the grade intervals of the extinction coefficients at each position after arrangement and combination. The operation amount of the grade operation calling method is small, and the defect is that the regulation accuracy is lower than that of a real-time operation obtaining method.
Specifically, for example, according to the above technical solution, the space requiring smoke evacuation is divided into n regions in the direction parallel to the smoke evacuation, and each region k corresponds to one parallel extinction coefficient measurement system SDkAnd a vertical extinction coefficient measurement system SVkCorresponding measured extinction coefficient EDkAnd EVkAnd p induction fans are arranged in each area. With this spatial arrangement, the extinction coefficient ED for region k is determinedkAnd EVkDivided into i levels [ ED ] respectivelyk1,EDk2,…EDki]And [ EVk1,EVk2,…EVki]Lower threshold ED of gradek1And EVk1The extinction coefficient threshold for starting the smoke evacuation is required. And (3) arranging and combining the two groups of grades, obtaining dynamic smoke discharge operation parameters (including the wind direction and the wind speed of p induction fans in the region k) corresponding to each two groups of extinction coefficients according to the adjustment angle of the induction fans, the guidance relation of the adjustment wind speed and the correlation coefficient of the extinction coefficients and theoretical operation, and storing the dynamic smoke discharge operation parameters. And when the extinction coefficient is monitored to be larger than the extinction coefficient lower limit threshold, starting to call a pre-stored scheme, and performing dynamic smoke exhaust.
Particularly, the dynamic smoke exhaust system further comprises a database for storing the dynamic smoke exhaust scheme of the whole time node of each dynamic smoke exhaust, so that the optimization of the dynamic smoke exhaust system is improved. After the completion of every time of discharging fume, can artifically grade the effect of discharging fume to input centralized control ware, the operation of the operation parameter of discharging fume to developments is optimized and is upgraded according to this developments scheme of discharging fume of storage to the centralized control ware, thereby constantly improves the effect of discharging fume of developments.
The invention also discloses a dynamic smoke exhaust method based on the spatial extinction coefficient measurement, which adopts the technical scheme to perform dynamic smoke exhaust by adopting the dynamic smoke exhaust system based on the spatial extinction coefficient measurement, and comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring extinction coefficients of different spatial positions in real time by an extinction coefficient monitoring system, and sending the extinction coefficients to an integrated controller;
s2, the centralized controller judges whether a smoke exhaust threshold value is reached or not according to the extinction coefficient acquired in the step S1, and if the smoke exhaust threshold value is not reached, the dynamic smoke exhaust system is not started; if so, starting a dynamic smoke exhaust system, and processing the extinction coefficient to obtain dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters; when a grade operation calling method is adopted, calling dynamic smoke discharging operation parameters in a corresponding dynamic smoke discharging scheme according to the extinction coefficient grade interval;
wherein, when the extinction coefficient at any position reaches the smoke exhaust threshold, the dynamic smoke exhaust system needs to be started;
and S3, dynamically exhausting smoke by the dynamic smoke exhausting system according to the dynamic smoke exhausting operation parameters obtained in the step S2 until the extinction coefficient is lower than a smoke exhausting threshold value.
In summary, the dynamic smoke exhaust system based on the spatial extinction coefficient measurement provided by the invention measures the extinction coefficients of different positions in the space, and measures the distribution and motion trend conditions of smoke at different positions in a panoramic manner, and dynamically changes the parameters of wind direction, wind pressure, air supply quantity and the like of the smoke exhaust port and the air supply port on the basis, thereby realizing three-dimensional and dead-angle-free cleaning of smoke in the whole space. Compared with a traditional smoke concentration sensing test and a fixed smoke exhaust system, the extinction coefficient can more accurately reflect the smoke distribution conditions and the motion trend conditions of different positions in a space, so that the smoke exhaust regulation and control at fixed positions is realized, and the whole smoke field has no dead angle.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A dynamic smoke exhaust system based on spatial extinction coefficient measurement is characterized by comprising an integrated controller, an extinction coefficient monitoring system and a dynamic smoke exhaust system;
the integrated controller is respectively connected with the extinction coefficient monitoring system and the dynamic smoke exhaust system, and is used for obtaining dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters according to the extinction coefficients of different spatial positions monitored by the extinction coefficient monitoring system and then sending the dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters to the dynamic smoke exhaust system to control the dynamic smoke exhaust system to perform dynamic smoke exhaust.
2. The dynamic smoke exhaust system based on the spatial extinction coefficient measurement according to claim 1, wherein the extinction coefficient monitoring system comprises a plurality of extinction coefficient monitoring units which are respectively arranged at a plurality of positions in space; and each extinction coefficient monitoring unit is correspondingly provided with a label unit for storing the spatial position information of the extinction coefficient monitoring unit and transmitting the spatial position information to the integrated controller, so that the integrated controller can accurately acquire the extinction coefficients at different spatial positions.
3. The dynamic smoke exhaust system based on the spatial extinction coefficient measurement according to claim 1, wherein the method for the centralized controller to obtain the dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters is a real-time operation obtaining method or a level operation calling method; the real-time operation obtaining method is to obtain dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters through real-time operation according to real-time monitoring extinction coefficients of different spatial positions; the grade operation calling method is to grade the extinction coefficient in advance, store the dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters corresponding to each grade, and then call the corresponding dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters according to the grade interval corresponding to the real-time monitored extinction coefficient.
4. The dynamic smoke exhaust system based on the spatial extinction coefficient measurement according to claim 1, wherein the dynamic smoke exhaust system comprises an induction fan module and a dynamic smoke exhaust control module used for controlling the induction fan module to operate, and the dynamic smoke exhaust control module is connected with the centralized controller.
5. The dynamic smoke exhaust system based on the spatial extinction coefficient measurement according to claim 4, wherein the dynamic smoke exhaust control module comprises a power supply module, a processor module, a driving module and a communication module; the centralized controller is connected with the dynamic smoke exhaust control module through the communication module; the processor module is used for receiving the dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters to control the operation of the driving module, and the driving module is used for controlling the operation of the induction fan module to perform dynamic smoke exhaust;
the induced fan module comprises a plurality of induced fan units, a smoke outlet, an air supply outlet, a smoke exhaust pipeline and a smoke exhaust fire damper; the induced fan units are arranged at a plurality of positions of a space, and the driving module controls the wind direction, the wind speed and the wind volume of the induced fan units.
6. The dynamic smoke exhaust system based on the spatial extinction coefficient measurement according to claim 5, wherein the driving module comprises a wind direction driving module, a wind speed driving module and an air volume driving module, and the driving module is respectively used for controlling the wind direction, the wind speed and the air volume of the induced fan module so as to achieve three-dimensional and dead-corner-free smoke exhaust in the whole space.
7. The dynamic smoke exhaust system based on the spatial extinction coefficient measurement according to claim 5, wherein each induction fan unit is provided with a tag unit for storing the model and spatial position information of the induction fan unit and transmitting the information to the centralized controller, so that the centralized controller respectively calculates to obtain the dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters of each induction fan unit and performs dynamic smoke exhaust control.
8. The dynamic smoke exhaust system based on the spatial extinction coefficient measurement according to claim 5, wherein the extinction coefficient monitoring unit is arranged in a space where smoke is required to be exhausted in a crossed manner in two directions, namely a parallel direction and a vertical direction, so that the space where smoke is required to be exhausted is divided into n areas in the direction parallel to the smoke exhaust direction, and a plurality of induction fan modules are arranged in each area; an extinction coefficient EV in a direction perpendicular to the smoke exhaust direction and an extinction coefficient ED in a direction parallel to the smoke exhaust direction can be obtained in each region, and a correlation coefficient between the wind direction and the wind speed of the induction fan module and the extinction coefficient can be obtained according to the extinction coefficient EV and the extinction coefficient ED; when the extinction coefficient can be continuously reduced by adjusting the wind direction and the wind speed of the induction fan module, the current adjusted numerical value can be considered to be reasonable, otherwise, the wind direction and the wind speed are dynamically changed.
9. The dynamic smoke exhaust system based on the spatial extinction coefficient measurement according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a database for storing a dynamic smoke exhaust scheme of a whole time node of each dynamic smoke exhaust, so as to improve optimization of the dynamic smoke exhaust system.
10. A dynamic smoke exhaust method based on spatial extinction coefficient measurement is characterized in that the dynamic smoke exhaust system based on spatial extinction coefficient measurement of any one of claims 1 to 9 is adopted for dynamic smoke exhaust, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring extinction coefficients of different spatial positions in real time by an extinction coefficient monitoring system, and sending the extinction coefficients to an integrated controller;
s2, the centralized controller judges whether a smoke exhaust threshold value is reached or not according to the extinction coefficient acquired in the step S1, and if yes, the extinction coefficient is processed to obtain dynamic smoke exhaust operation parameters;
and S3, dynamically exhausting smoke by the dynamic smoke exhausting system according to the dynamic smoke exhausting operation parameters obtained in the step S2.
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