CN113507218A - Wind power converter, wind power system and IGBT fault testing method - Google Patents
Wind power converter, wind power system and IGBT fault testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113507218A CN113507218A CN202110944802.8A CN202110944802A CN113507218A CN 113507218 A CN113507218 A CN 113507218A CN 202110944802 A CN202110944802 A CN 202110944802A CN 113507218 A CN113507218 A CN 113507218A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
- H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
- H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
- H02M5/453—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M5/458—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M5/4585—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having a rectifier with controlled elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/26—Testing of individual semiconductor devices
- G01R31/2607—Circuits therefor
- G01R31/2608—Circuits therefor for testing bipolar transistors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M7/219—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
- H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
- H02M7/53875—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current with analogue control of three-phase output
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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Abstract
The application discloses a wind power converter, a wind power system and a method for testing IGBT faults, wherein first ends of three-phase contactors of the wind power converter are connected with reactors, and the reactors are connected to the output end of the wind power converter; two adjacent phases of the second end of the three-phase contactor are in short circuit together; the controller is used for controlling the three-phase contactor to be closed, so that different bridge arms where the IGBTs are located form a passage through the reactor and the three-phase contactor; and sending a driving signal to the IGBT, and judging whether the IGBT breaks down or not according to the current of the wind power converter. The IGBT fault testing device can realize on-line fault testing of the IGBT in the wind power converter, and when the IGBT needs to be tested, the contactor is controlled to be closed; when the test is not needed, the contactor is controlled to be disconnected, and the method is simple and easy to implement; and the judgment can be carried out only through the current, and the method is simple. Wave generation is carried out on each IGBT, and the IGBT is tested one by one, so that whether each IGBT fails or not can be tested, and the testing efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a wind power converter, a wind power system and an IGBT fault testing method.
Background
At present, with the shortage of global energy and the aggravation of environmental pollution, the application of wind power generation is more and more extensive. The wind power generation system is called a wind power system for short, and the most important equipment in the wind power system is a wind power converter.
The wind power converter belongs to an AC-DC-AC converter and comprises a machine side converter and a network side converter. The wind power converter is a bidirectional feed converter, and can feed power to a power grid from a fan or can feed power to the fan from the power grid.
A power device in a wind power converter generally adopts an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), in an actual product, the IGBT generally exists in a module form, for example, one bridge arm includes an upper half bridge arm and a lower half bridge arm, the upper half bridge arm includes an IGBT, the lower half bridge arm includes an IGBT, where the IGBT included in each half bridge arm can be separately located in one module, and is externally presented as an IGBT, but because the current borne by a single IGBT is limited, in an actual product, a single IGBT includes a plurality of IGBTs connected in parallel to implement the IGBT parallel connection, and the parallel connected IGBTs can perform synchronous actions. Whether each IGBT fails needs to be tested, and for convenience of understanding, a plurality of IGBTs connected in parallel act simultaneously to play a role of a switch, namely one IGBT for short.
If carry out the off-line test to every module alone, because the quantity of module is more, consequently work load is great, and prolongs wind power converter's shipment cycle that dispatches from the factory, and efficiency of software testing is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the application provides a wind power converter, a wind power system and an IGBT fault test method, which can perform fault test on the IGBT on line.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a wind power converter, including: the IGBT, the controller and the three-phase contactor;
the first ends of the three-phase contactors are connected with reactors, and the reactors are connected to the output end of the wind power converter; two adjacent phases of the second end of the three-phase contactor are in short circuit together;
the controller is used for controlling the three-phase contactor to be closed, and different bridge arms where the IGBTs are located form a passage through the reactor and the three-phase contactor; and sending a driving signal to the IGBT, and judging whether the IGBT breaks down or not according to the current of the wind power converter.
Optionally, the IGBT is located in a machine-side inverter-side converter; the controller includes: a machine-side controller; the contactor includes: a machine side contactor;
the first ends of the three phases of the machine side contactor are connected with a machine side reactor, and two adjacent phases of the three phases of the second end of the machine side contactor are connected together in a short circuit mode;
and the machine side controller is used for controlling the three phases of the machine side contactor to be closed, sending a driving signal to the IGBT of the machine side inverter machine side converter, and judging whether the IGBT of the machine side inverter machine side converter fails or not according to the current of the machine side inverter machine side converter.
Optionally, the IGBT is located at a grid-side converter of the grid-side rectifier; the controller includes: a network-side controller; the contactor includes: a grid side contactor;
the first ends of the three phases of the grid-side contactor are connected with a grid-side reactor, and two adjacent phases of the three phases of the second end of the grid-side contactor are shorted together;
the grid side controller is used for controlling the three phases of the grid side contactor to be closed, sending a driving signal to an IGBT (insulated gate bipolar translator) of the grid side rectifier grid side converter, and judging whether the IGBT of the grid side rectifier grid side converter fails according to the current of the grid side rectifier grid side converter;
the net side contactor and the machine side contactor are not closed at the same time.
Optionally, the controller is specifically configured to send a double-pulse driving signal to the IGBT of the ith-phase upper half bridge arm when the IGBTs of each upper half bridge arm are tested one by one, and drive the IGBTs of the other two-phase lower half bridge arms to be all turned on at the same time; 1, 2 and 3;
the controller is specifically used for sending a double-pulse driving signal to the IGBT of the i-th phase lower half bridge arm when the IGBTs of each lower half bridge arm are tested one by one, and driving the IGBTs of the other two phases of upper half bridge arms to be conducted simultaneously; the i is 1, 2 and 3.
Optionally, the time for turning on the IGBTs of the lower half bridge arms of the other two phases is greater than twice the period of the double pulse driving signal.
Optionally, a preset time period is separated between two different IGBT tests, and the preset time period is greater than or equal to the period of the double pulse driving signal.
Optionally, the controller is specifically configured to determine that the IGBT fails or that the current of the phase of the detected IGBT is always 0 when the current of the phase of the detected IGBT is greater than a preset current value, where the preset current value is obtained according to the dc bus voltage, the turn-on time of the detected IGBT, and the resistance value of the reactor.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a wind power system, including: the wind power converter comprises an upper computer and any one of the wind power converters;
and the upper computer is used for controlling an alternating current power grid to charge the direct current bus capacitor of the wind power converter to a preset voltage.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for testing an IGBT fault of a wind power converter, where the wind power converter includes: the IGBT, the controller and the three-phase contactor; the first ends of the three-phase contactors are connected with reactors, and the reactors are connected to the output end of the wind power converter; two adjacent phases of the second end of the three-phase contactor are in short circuit together;
controlling the three-phase contactor to be closed, and forming a passage between different bridge arms where the IGBTs are located through the reactor and the three-phase contactor;
and sending a driving signal to the IGBT, and judging whether the IGBT breaks down or not according to the current of the wind power converter.
Optionally, the sending the driving signal to the IGBT specifically includes:
when the IGBTs of each upper half bridge arm are tested one by one, a double-pulse driving signal is sent to the IGBT of the upper half bridge arm of the ith phase, and the IGBTs of the lower half bridge arms of other two phases are driven to be conducted simultaneously; 1, 2 and 3;
the controller is specifically used for sending a double-pulse driving signal to the IGBT of the i-th phase lower half bridge arm when the IGBTs of each lower half bridge arm are tested one by one, and driving the IGBTs of the other two phases of upper half bridge arms to be conducted simultaneously; the i is 1, 2 and 3.
According to the technical scheme, the method has the following beneficial effects:
this wind power converter includes: the IGBT, the controller and the three-phase contactor; the first ends of the three-phase contactors are connected with reactors which are connected with the output end of the wind power converter; two adjacent phases of the second end of the three-phase contactor are in short circuit together; the controller controls the three-phase contactor to be closed, and different bridge arms where the IGBTs are located form a passage through the reactor and the three-phase contactor; and sending a driving signal to the IGBT, and judging whether the IGBT breaks down or not according to the current of the wind power converter. According to the test scheme provided by the application, the fault test of the IGBT in the wind power converter can be realized on line, only a three-phase contactor needs to be added, when the test is needed, the contactor is controlled to be closed, and when the test is not needed, the contactor is controlled to be opened, so that the test is simple and easy to implement; and the judgment can be carried out only through the current, and the method is simple. According to the scheme, each IGBT can be subjected to wave generation and is tested one by one, so that whether each IGBT fails can be tested, and the testing efficiency is high.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wind power converter provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another wind power converter provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a network-side IGBT test loop provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4A is a diagram of a dual pulse driving signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram of another dual pulse driving signal according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a current path provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a machine-side IGBT test loop provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a wind power system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a flowchart of an IGBT fault testing method provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a flowchart of another IGBT fault testing method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying the drawings are described in detail below.
The embodiment of the application provides a wind power converter, and this wind power converter includes: IGBT, controller and three-phase contactor. The wind power converter provided by the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the figure is a schematic diagram of a wind power converter provided in an embodiment of the present application.
The wind power converter 100 includes: the three-phase contactor 400 is connected with the wind power converter 100, wherein the first end of the three-phase contactor 400 is connected with a reactor, the reactor is connected with the output end of the wind power converter 100, and two adjacent phases of the second end of the three-phase contactor 400 are connected together in a short circuit mode.
The controller 300 is configured to control the three-phase contactor 400 to be closed, so that a path is formed between different arms where the IGBTs 200 are located through the reactor and the three-phase contactor 400.
The controller 300 may also send a driving signal to the IGBT200, and determine whether the IGBT200 fails according to the current of the wind power converter 100.
The wind power converter 100 provided by the embodiment is additionally provided with the three-phase contactor 400, and the three-phase contactor 400 is only closed when the IGBT is detected. When the wind power converter 100 normally operates, the three-phase contactor 400 is always in an off state, and when the three-phase contactor 400 is turned off, the wind power converter 100 is not affected.
When the fault test of the IGBT200 is required, the controller 300 controls the three-phase contactor 400 to be closed, and sends a driving signal to the IGBT200, so that a path can be formed between different bridge arms where the IGBT200 is located through the reactor and the three-phase contactor 400, and the current value of the wind power converter 100 is detected to determine whether the IGBT200 has a fault.
In practical application, the wind power converter belongs to an AC-DC-AC converter and comprises a machine side converter and a grid side converter, wherein the machine side converter and the grid side converter both comprise IGBTs. When the IGBT of the machine side converter is subjected to fault testing, the machine side controller and the machine side contactor are used for realizing the fault testing. When the IGBT of the grid-side converter is subjected to fault testing, the fault testing is realized by the grid-side controller and the grid-side contactor.
In the following description, the IGBT of the machine-side converter is referred to as machine-side IGBT, and the IGBT of the grid-side converter is referred to as grid-side IGBT, and the operation principle of the wind power converter will be described in detail with reference to fig. 2.
Referring to fig. 2, the figure is a schematic diagram of another wind power converter provided in the embodiment of the present application.
The wind power converter 100 includes: a machine-side IGBT 201, a machine-side controller 301, and a machine-side contactor 401; the wind power converter 100 further includes: a grid-side IGBT 202, a grid-side controller 302, and a grid-side contactor 402.
First ends of three phases of the machine side contactor 401 are connected with first ends of three-phase machine side reactors Lr, second ends of the three-phase machine side reactors Lr are connected with middle points of three bridge arms of the machine side converter respectively, and two adjacent phases of the three phases of the second end of the machine side contactor 401 are connected together in a short mode.
The machine-side controller 301 controls the three phases of the machine-side contactor 401 to be closed, transmits a drive signal to the machine-side IGBT 201, and determines whether the machine-side IGBT 201 has a failure based on the current of the machine-side converter.
Similarly, the first ends of the three phases of the grid-side contactor 402 are all connected to the first end of a three-phase grid-side reactor Ls, the second ends of the three-phase grid-side reactor Ls are respectively connected to the middle points of the three bridge arms of the grid-side converter, and two adjacent three phases of the second end of the grid-side contactor 402 are shorted together.
The grid-side controller 302 is configured to control three phases of the grid-side contactor 402 to be all closed, send a driving signal to the grid-side IGBT 202, and determine whether the grid-side IGBT 202 fails according to a current of the grid-side converter.
In the normal operation process of the wind power converter 100, both the machine side contactor 401 and the grid side contactor 402 are in an off state, when the IGBT needs to be subjected to fault testing, both the machine side IGBT 201 and the grid side IGBT 202 need to be tested, and the machine side IGBT 201 and then the grid side IGBT 202 can be tested first, or the grid side IGBT 202 and then the machine side IGBT 201 can be tested first. When testing the machine side IGBT 201, the machine side controller 301 controls the three phases of the machine side contactor 401 to be closed, the grid side controller 302 controls the three phases of the grid side contactor 402 to be opened, and the machine side controller 301 sends a driving signal to the machine side IGBT 201 to determine whether the machine side IGBT 201 fails according to the current of the machine side converter.
Similarly, when the grid-side IGBT 202 is tested, the grid-side controller 302 controls the three phases of the grid-side contactor 402 to be closed, the machine-side controller 301 controls the three phases of the machine-side contactor 401 to be opened, and the grid-side controller 302 sends a driving signal to the grid-side IGBT 202 to determine whether the grid-side IGBT 202 fails according to the current of the grid-side converter.
In the present embodiment, the fault test of the network side IGBT is described separately, and the test principle of the machine side IGBT is similar. The present embodiment is not limited to the implementation form of the network-side controller 302, and in the present embodiment, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) is described as an example.
When the fault test is performed on the grid side IGBT 202 of the grid side converter, the dc bus is first charged to the preset voltage Udc by the grid voltage, i.e. the dc bus capacitance is charged. Then, the DSP controls the network-side contactor 402 to close, and sends a double-pulse driving signal to the network-side IGBT 202, where the network-side reactor Ls is a load of the network-side IGBT 202 in the test loop. It should be noted that the DSP may indirectly control the network-side contactor 402 through a relay, and is not necessarily directly connected to the network-side contactor 402.
When the fault test is performed, the current sensor can be used for collecting the current of the grid-side converter, and whether the grid-side IGBT 202 has a fault or not can be judged by comparing the magnitude relation between the collected current and the current preset value.
Referring to fig. 3, the figure is a schematic diagram of a network-side IGBT test loop provided in an embodiment of the present application.
After the DSP controls the network-side contactor 402 to be closed through the relay, a test loop of the network-side IGBT 202 is formed. The voltage in the test loop is Udc, and the network side reactor Ls is the load of the test loop.
The grid-side converter comprises three bridge arms, each bridge arm corresponds to one of the three phases, and each bridge arm comprises an upper half bridge arm and a lower half bridge arm. For convenience of description, the present embodiment is described by taking an example in which each half-bridge arm includes one IGBT.
The wind power converter is a three-phase converter, the three phases of the grid-side converter are an a phase, a B phase and a C phase, and the ith phase, i being 1, 2 and 3, respectively correspond to the a phase, the B phase and the C phase of the grid-side converter.
As shown in fig. 3, the a-phase bridge arm includes an upper half bridge arm and a lower half bridge arm, wherein the upper half bridge arm and the lower half bridge arm each include an IGBT, and the IGBT of the upper half bridge arm is marked as Sa onThe IGBT of the lower half bridge arm is marked as Sa is under. In the same way, the IGBT of the upper half bridge arm of the phase B is marked as Sb onMarking the IGBT of the lower half bridge arm of the B phase as Sb is belowMarking the IGBT of the upper half bridge arm of the C phase as Sc onMarking the IGBT of the lower half bridge arm of the C phase as Sc is under。
During specific implementation, the state of each IGBT in the grid-side IGBTs is set to be on and off, wherein the on state flag bit of the IGBT is 1, the off state flag bit of the IGBT is 0, and the on states and the on time of all the IGBTs in three phases are set as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 grid side three-phase IGBT switch states with on-time
In table 1, the three-phase network-side IGBTs are divided into 6 test conditions, which are respectively marked as serial numbers 1-6, and when the DSP performs fault test on the network-side IGBTs, one serial number can be selected at will to start the test, which does not limit the sequence of the fault test performed by the DSP in the application.
The following describes the fault test of the network side a-phase IGBT by the DSP as an example.
IGBTS with A-phase IGBT comprising upper half bridge arma onAnd IGBTS of lower half bridge arma is under,Sa onAnd Sa is underThe fault test is required, but the order of the test is not limited. In the embodiment of the application, the IGBTS of the upper half bridge arm of the phase A is tested firstlya onAnd then testing the IGBTS of the lower half bridge arm of the phase Aa is underFor example, the test conditions corresponding to the numbers 1 and 2 in the table will be described.
Referring to fig. 4A, a diagram of a dual pulse driving signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.
The DSP sends a double-pulse driving signal shown in FIG. 4A to the three-phase IGBT on the network side, and firstly controls the A phase Sa onConducting for T1 corresponding to high level in the double-pulse drive signal, and controlling S after lasting for T1 timea onOff, with an off time of T2, corresponding to a low level in the double pulse drive signal, the DSP controls Sa onOn and off for two cycles, i.e., 2(T1+ T2). In the two period time, the DSP controls the IGBTS of the lower half bridge arm of the B phaseb is belowIGBTS of C-phase lower half bridge armc is underIs in a continuous conduction state, has conduction time of T and ensures T>2(T1+ T2), namely ensuring that the IGBT of the B-phase lower half bridge arm and the IGBT of the C-phase lower half bridge arm are continuously connectedWithin the conducting time, the double-pulse test of the IGBT of the upper half bridge arm of the phase A can be completed.
Referring to fig. 5, a schematic diagram of a current path provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown.
When S isa on、Sb is belowAnd Sc is underWhen the system is switched on, the bus voltage Udc flows to the grid-side reactor Ls1 through the upper half bridge arm of the phase a, flows to the lower half bridge arms of the phases B and C through the grid-side contactor, and finally returns to the bus voltage through the grid-side reactors Ls2 and Ls3, respectively, as shown by the path marked by the dotted line in fig. 5. Setting ia as the current flowing through the a-phase IGBT, ib as the current flowing through the B-phase IGBT, and ic as the current flowing through the C-phase IGBT, it can be seen that ia + ic is in the on process.
When the IGBT of the upper half bridge arm of the phase A is subjected to a double-pulse test, the current of the phase A can be detected through the current sensor and compared with a preset current value to judge whether the IGBT of the upper half bridge arm of the phase A has a fault.
In one possible implementation, the current preset value is calculated by the formula I ═ Udc × 2T1/L, and 2T1 represents Sa onL represents the resistance value of the network-side reactor Ls. If the current obtained by the test is at Sa onAnd if the current is higher than the preset current value or is always 0 in the two conduction periods, the upper half bridge arm of the A-phase IGBT can be judged to have a fault.
IGBTS of upper half bridge arm of A phasea onAfter the test is completed, a feedback time period may be reserved for better detection, for example, IGBTS for the lower half bridge arm of phase a after a preset time period is separateda is underAnd carrying out fault testing, wherein the preset time period of the guarantee interval is greater than or equal to the period of the double-pulse driving signal. IGBTS for the lower half bridge arm of phase A will now be described with reference to FIG. 4Ba is underThe test principle of (2) is explained.
Referring to fig. 4B, a schematic diagram of another dual-pulse driving signal provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown.
The DSP sends a double-pulse driving signal shown in FIG. 4B to the IGBT on the network side, and firstly controls Sa is underConducting for T1, and controlling S after lasting for T1 timea is underTurn-off, continuous turn-offThe time is T2. DSP control Sa is underOn and off for two periods, i.e., 2(T1+ T2). In the two period time, the DSP controls the IGBTS of the upper half bridge arm of the B phaseb onIGBTS of upper half bridge arm of C phasec onIs in a continuous conduction state, has conduction time of T and ensures T>2(T1+ T2), namely, the IGBT of the B-phase upper half bridge arm and the IGBT of the C-phase upper half bridge arm can be ensured to be in continuous conduction time, and the double-pulse test of the IGBT of the A-phase lower half bridge arm can be completed.
When the IGBT of the lower half bridge arm of the phase A is subjected to a double-pulse test, the current can be detected through the current sensor, and if the current obtained through the test is higher than a current preset value or is always 0 in two conduction periods 2(T1+ T2), the IGBT of the lower half bridge arm of the phase A can be judged to have a fault.
Similarly, the fault test needs to be performed on the B-phase and the C-phase of the grid-side IGBT, and the principle of the fault test is the same as that in the above embodiment, which is not described herein again.
When the fault test is performed on the three-phase IGBT on the network side, the test sequence is not limited, and in one possible implementation manner, the fault location is performed on the IGBT according to the sequence number marked in the table 1. For example, firstly, whether the IGBT of the phase A upper half bridge arm has a fault is detected, the IGBT of the phase A upper half bridge arm is controlled to be conducted, and the IGBTs of the phase B and the phase C lower half bridge arm are controlled to be conducted, namely S is controlleda on、Sb is belowAnd Sc is underConducting, at this time, Sa onMarked as a failed bit. When the current passing through the phase A is detected, if the detected current is larger than a current preset value or is always 0, the IGBT of the upper half bridge arm of the phase A is indicated to have a fault, and a fault position S is seta onThe corresponding flag bit is marked as 0; otherwise, the fault bit Sa onAnd marking the corresponding flag bit as 1, indicating that the IGBT of the upper half bridge arm of the phase A is normal.
Typically, the failure of an IGBT is due to a short circuit between the collector and the generator, i.e., a CE short circuit, or a failure of the gate drive. The phenomenon that the IGBT fails will now be described with reference to a specific scenario.
Suppose that the IGBTS of the lower half bridge arm of the B phase performs fault test on the B phase IGBTb is belowIn case of failure, lowerTwo different reasons for causing the B-phase IGBT to malfunction will be described in detail in conjunction with tables 2 and 3, and the malfunction of the B-phase IGBT is localized.
In a possible case, the three-phase IGBTs corresponding to serial numbers 1-6 in table 1 are subjected to fault testing, and the results of the double-pulse testing are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 double pulse test results
As can be seen from Table 2, when the fault bit is Sb is belowWhen the current flowing through the phase B is larger than the preset current value or is always 0, Sb is belowThe corresponding flag bit is 0. And under other conditions, when the IGBT of the lower half bridge arm of the B phase is controlled to be switched on, the current flowing through the B phase is a normal value, and Sb is belowThe corresponding flag bits are all 1, and under the condition, the reason that the IGBT of the lower half bridge arm of the B phase has a fault is CE short circuit is shown.
In another possible case, the three-phase IGBTs corresponding to serial numbers 1-6 in table 1 are subjected to fault testing, and the results of the double-pulse testing are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 results of another double pulse test
As can be seen from Table 3, when S is controlleda on、Sb is belowAnd Sc is underConducting or controlling Sc on、Sa is underAnd Sb is belowWhen the current is conducted, the current flowing through the phase B is larger than the preset current value or is always 0, Sb is belowThe corresponding flag bit is 0, and when the fault bit is Sb is belowIn time, the IGBT of the B-phase lower half bridge arm, the IGBT of the A-phase upper half bridge arm and the C-phase upper half bridge are controlledWhen the IGBT of the arm is turned on, the currents flowing through the A phase, the B phase and the C phase are all abnormal, and Sb is below、Sa onAnd Sc onAnd the corresponding zone bits are all 0, and under the condition, the reason that the IGBT of the lower half bridge arm of the B phase fails is shown to be gate drive failure.
After the fault test of the grid side IGBT is completed, the fault test of the machine side IGBT needs to be performed. The machine side converter comprises three bridge arms, each bridge arm corresponds to one of the three phases, and each bridge arm comprises an upper half bridge arm and a lower half bridge arm. For convenience of description, the present embodiment is described by taking an example in which each half-bridge arm includes one IGBT.
In the machine-side converter, when three phases are K-phase, L-phase, and M-phase, respectively, and i is 1, 2, and 3 in the claims, the 1 st phase, the 2 nd phase, and the 3 rd phase of the machine-side converter are provided.
Referring to fig. 6, the figure is a schematic diagram of a machine-side IGBT test loop provided in an embodiment of the present application.
The network side controller controls the machine side contactor 401 to be closed through the relay, and then a test loop of the machine side IGBT 201 is formed. The voltage in the test loop is Udc, and the machine side reactor Lr is the load of the test loop.
As shown in fig. 6, the K-phase bridge arm includes an upper half bridge arm and a lower half bridge arm, wherein each of the upper half bridge arm and the lower half bridge arm includes an IGBT, and the IGBT of the upper half bridge arm is marked as Sk is onThe IGBT of the lower half bridge arm is marked as Sk is lower than. In the same way, the IGBT of the upper half bridge arm of the L phase is marked as Sl toMarking the IGBT of the lower half bridge arm of the L phase as Sl is belowMarking the IGBT of the upper half bridge arm of the M phase as Sm is aboveMarking the IGBT of the lower half bridge arm of the M phase as Sm is lower。
When the fault test is carried out, the current sensor can be used for collecting the current of the converter at the machine side, and whether the IGBT at the machine side breaks down or not is judged by comparing the size relation between the collected current and a current preset value.
The principle of performing fault testing on the machine side three-phase IGBT is the same as the principle of performing fault testing on the network side three-phase IGBT, and details are not repeated here, and specific implementation manners can be referred to the above embodiments.
Based on the wind power converter provided by the above embodiment, the embodiment of the application provides a wind power system, the wind power system comprises an upper computer and a wind power converter, wherein the upper computer is used for controlling an alternating current power grid to charge a direct current bus capacitor of the wind power converter to a preset voltage.
Referring to fig. 7, the figure is a schematic view of a wind power system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
The wind power system provided by the embodiment comprises the wind power converter 100 and the upper computer 101 described in the above embodiment. The wind power converter 100 comprises an IGBT, a controller and a three-phase contactor, a reactor is connected to the first end of the three-phase contactor, the reactor is connected to the output end of the wind power converter 100, and adjacent two phases of the second end of the three-phase contactor are connected together in a short circuit mode. The working principle of the wind power converter 100 has been described in detail in the above embodiments, and is not described herein again.
When the fault test is performed on the IGBT of the wind power converter, the upper computer 101 controls an alternating current power grid to charge a direct current bus capacitor of the wind power converter 100 to a preset voltage, and sends a control instruction to the controller, and the controller controls the three-phase contactor to be closed, so that a path is formed between different bridge arms where the IGBT is located through the reactor and the three-phase contactor. The controller sends a driving signal to the IGBT, and whether the IGBT breaks down or not is judged by detecting the current of the wind power converter 100.
Based on the wind power converter and the wind power system provided by the above embodiments, the embodiment of the application further provides a fault test method for the IGBT of the wind power converter, and the method is applied to the wind power converter provided by the above embodiments, wherein the wind power converter comprises: IGBT, controller and three-phase contactor, the reactor is all connected to three-phase contactor's first end, and the reactor is connected at wind-powered electricity generation converter's output to two adjacent short circuit of two-phase short circuit of three-phase contactor's second end are in the same place.
Referring to fig. 8, the figure is a flowchart of an IGBT fault testing method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
The method provided by the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
s801: controlling the three-phase contactor to be closed, and forming a passage between different bridge arms where the IGBTs are located through the reactor and the three-phase contactor;
s802: and sending a driving signal to the IGBT, and judging whether the IGBT breaks down or not according to the current of the wind power converter.
When the IGBT is subjected to fault testing, the direct current bus capacitor is charged to a preset voltage by the voltage of a power grid, the controller controls the three-phase contactor to be closed, at the moment, a testing loop is formed between different bridge arms where the IGBT is located through the reactor and the three-phase contactor, and the reactor is a load of the testing loop. And then the controller sends a driving signal to the IGBT, and the current sensor is used for detecting the current of the wind power converter so as to judge whether the IGBT has a fault.
The wind power converter provided by the embodiment comprises a machine side converter and a network side converter, the controller comprises a machine side controller and a network side controller, and the three-phase contactor comprises a machine side contactor and a network side contactor. The machine side converter and the network side converter respectively comprise three bridge arms, each bridge arm corresponds to one of the three phases, each bridge arm comprises an upper half bridge arm and a lower half bridge arm, and each half bridge arm comprises an IGBT.
The fault test principle of the machine side IGBT and the network side IGBT is the same, and the fault test of the network side IGBT will be described in detail with reference to fig. 9.
Referring to fig. 9, the figure is a flowchart of another IGBT fault testing method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
The method provided by the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
s901: controlling the network side contactor to be closed, and forming a passage between different bridge arms where the network side IGBT is located through a network side reactor and the network side contactor;
when the grid side three-phase IGBT is subjected to fault testing, the grid side controller controls the three phases of the grid side contactor to be closed, and the machine side controller controls the three phases of the machine side contactor to be opened.
S902: when the IGBTs of each upper half bridge arm are tested one by one, a double-pulse driving signal is sent to the IGBT of the upper half bridge arm of the ith phase, and the IGBTs of the lower half bridge arms of other two phases are driven to be conducted at the same time, wherein i is 1, 2 and 3;
s903: when the IGBTs of each lower half bridge arm are tested one by one, a double-pulse driving signal is sent to the IGBT of the i-th phase lower half bridge arm, and the IGBTs of the other two phases of upper half bridge arms are driven to be conducted at the same time, wherein i is 1, 2 and 3;
the execution order of step S902 and step S903 is not limited, and step S902 may be executed first and then step S903 may be executed, or step S903 and then step S902 may be executed first.
In this embodiment, the failure test of the a-phase IGBT is taken as an example, and the test sequence of the IGBT of the upper half arm of the a-phase and the IGBT of the lower half arm of the a-phase is not limited.
IGBTS when testing the upper half bridge arm of phase Aa onWhen the network side controller is towards Sa onIGBTS (integrated Gate Bipolar translator) for transmitting double-pulse driving signals and simultaneously driving B-phase lower half bridge armb is belowIGBTS of C-phase lower half bridge armc is underBoth are on, and the double-pulse driving signal sent by the network side controller is as shown in fig. 4A.
Network side controller control Sa onConducting for T1, and controlling S after lasting for T1 timea onThe shutdown time is T2, and the network side controller controls Sa onOn and off for two cycles, i.e., 2(T1+ T2). During these two cycle times, the network side controller controls Sb is belowAnd Sc is underIs in a continuous conduction state, has conduction time of T and ensures T>2(T1+ T2), namely, the IGBT of the B-phase lower half bridge arm and the IGBT of the C-phase lower half bridge arm are ensured to be in continuous conduction time, and the double-pulse test of the IGBT of the A-phase upper half bridge arm can be completed.
When the IGBT of the upper half bridge arm of the phase a is subjected to the double pulse test, the formed test loop is as shown in fig. 5, and the current path of the test loop is not described herein again.
After the IGBT test of the upper half bridge arm of the phase a is completed, a feedback time period may be reserved for better detection, for example, a fault test is performed on the IGBT of the lower half bridge arm of the phase a after a preset time period, where the preset time period of the interval is ensured to be greater than or equal to the period of the double pulse driving signal.
IGBTS when testing the lower half bridge arm of phase Aa is underWhen the network side controller is towards Sa is underIGBTS (integrated Gate Bipolar translator) for transmitting double-pulse driving signals and simultaneously driving upper half bridge arm of B phaseb onIGBTS of C-phase lower half bridge armc onBoth are on, and the double-pulse driving signal sent by the network side controller is as shown in fig. 4B.
Network side controller control Sa is underConducting for T1, and controlling S after lasting for T1 timea is underThe shutdown time is T2, and the network side controller controls Sa is underOn and off for two periods, i.e., 2(T1+ T2). During these two cycle times, the network side controller controls Sb onAnd Sc onIs in a continuous conduction state, has conduction time of T and ensures T>2(T1+ T2), namely, the IGBT of the B-phase upper half bridge arm and the IGBT of the C-phase upper half bridge arm can be ensured to be in continuous conduction time, and the double-pulse test of the IGBT of the A-phase lower half bridge arm can be completed.
S904: and judging whether the grid side IGBT has a fault according to the current of the grid side converter.
When the A-phase IGBT is subjected to fault test, ia is ib + ic, the current sensor is used for detecting the current flowing through the A phase, and if the detected current is larger than a current preset value or is always 0, the A-phase IGBT has a fault.
The fault testing principle of the B-phase IGBT and the C-phase IGBT of the grid-side converter is the same, and the details are not repeated.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments will enable those skilled in the art to make or use the invention in various modifications to these embodiments, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A wind power converter, comprising: the IGBT, the controller and the three-phase contactor;
the first ends of the three-phase contactors are connected with reactors, and the reactors are connected to the output end of the wind power converter; two adjacent phases of the second end of the three-phase contactor are in short circuit together;
the controller is used for controlling the three-phase contactor to be closed, and different bridge arms where the IGBTs are located form a passage through the reactor and the three-phase contactor; and sending a driving signal to the IGBT, and judging whether the IGBT breaks down or not according to the current of the wind power converter.
2. The wind power converter according to claim 1, wherein the IGBT is located at the machine side converter; the controller includes: a machine-side controller; the contactor includes: a machine side contactor;
the first ends of the three phases of the machine side contactor are connected with a machine side reactor, and two adjacent phases of the three phases of the second end of the machine side contactor are connected together in a short circuit mode;
and the machine side controller is used for controlling the three phases of the machine side contactor to be closed, sending a driving signal to the IGBT of the machine side converter and judging whether the IGBT of the machine side converter fails or not according to the current of the machine side converter.
3. The wind power converter according to claim 2, wherein the IGBT is located in a grid-side converter; the controller includes: a network-side controller; the contactor includes: a grid side contactor;
the first ends of the three phases of the grid-side contactor are connected with a grid-side reactor, and two adjacent phases of the three phases of the second end of the grid-side contactor are shorted together;
the grid side controller is used for controlling the three phases of the grid side contactor to be closed, sending a driving signal to the IGBT of the grid side converter and judging whether the IGBT of the grid side converter fails according to the current of the grid side converter;
the net side contactor and the machine side contactor are not closed at the same time.
4. The wind power converter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the controller is specifically configured to send a double-pulse driving signal to the IGBT of the upper half bridge arm in the ith phase and simultaneously drive the IGBTs of the lower half bridge arms in the other two phases to be on when the IGBTs of each upper half bridge arm are tested one by one; 1, 2 and 3;
the controller is specifically used for sending a double-pulse driving signal to the IGBT of the i-th phase lower half bridge arm when the IGBTs of each lower half bridge arm are tested one by one, and driving the IGBTs of the other two phases of upper half bridge arms to be conducted simultaneously; the i is 1, 2 and 3.
5. The wind power converter according to claim 4, wherein the IGBTs of the lower half bridge arms of the other two phases are both turned on for a time period greater than twice the period of the double pulse driving signal.
6. The wind power converter according to claim 4, wherein a preset time period is provided between two different IGBT tests, and the preset time period is greater than or equal to the period of the double pulse driving signal.
7. The wind power converter according to claim 4, wherein the controller is specifically configured to determine that the IGBT is faulty or the current of the phase of the detected IGBT is always 0 when the current of the phase of the detected IGBT is greater than a preset current value, and the preset current value is obtained according to the DC bus voltage, the turn-on time of the detected IGBT, and the resistance value of the reactor.
8. A wind power system, comprising: a wind power converter of any one of claims 1 to 7 and an upper computer;
and the upper computer is used for controlling an alternating current power grid to charge the direct current bus capacitor of the wind power converter to a preset voltage.
9. The method for testing the IGBT fault of the wind power converter is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the IGBT, the controller and the three-phase contactor; the first ends of the three-phase contactors are connected with reactors, and the reactors are connected to the output end of the wind power converter; two adjacent phases of the second end of the three-phase contactor are in short circuit together;
controlling the three-phase contactor to be closed, and forming a passage between different bridge arms where the IGBTs are located through the reactor and the three-phase contactor;
and sending a driving signal to the IGBT, and judging whether the IGBT breaks down or not according to the current of the wind power converter.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the sending a driving signal to the IGBT specifically comprises:
when the IGBTs of each upper half bridge arm are tested one by one, a double-pulse driving signal is sent to the IGBT of the upper half bridge arm of the ith phase, and the IGBTs of the lower half bridge arms of other two phases are driven to be conducted simultaneously; 1, 2 and 3;
the controller is specifically used for sending a double-pulse driving signal to the IGBT of the i-th phase lower half bridge arm when the IGBTs of each lower half bridge arm are tested one by one, and driving the IGBTs of the other two phases of upper half bridge arms to be conducted simultaneously; the i is 1, 2 and 3.
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