CN113506974A - Antenna structure for electronic tag, preparation method and electronic tag - Google Patents
Antenna structure for electronic tag, preparation method and electronic tag Download PDFInfo
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- CN113506974A CN113506974A CN202110571602.2A CN202110571602A CN113506974A CN 113506974 A CN113506974 A CN 113506974A CN 202110571602 A CN202110571602 A CN 202110571602A CN 113506974 A CN113506974 A CN 113506974A
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/2208—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems
- H01Q1/2225—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems used in active tags, i.e. provided with its own power source or in passive tags, i.e. deriving power from RF signal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/20—Graphite
- C01B32/21—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/20—Graphite
- C01B32/21—After-treatment
- C01B32/22—Intercalation
- C01B32/225—Expansion; Exfoliation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/364—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith using a particular conducting material, e.g. superconductor
- H01Q1/368—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith using a particular conducting material, e.g. superconductor using carbon or carbon composite
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
Abstract
The invention discloses an antenna structure for an electronic tag, a preparation method and the electronic tag. The conductive layer of the tag antenna structure is made of the graphite paper material, so that the conductive layer has the advantages of low cost, easiness in processing and environmental friendliness, the corrosion resistance of the antenna can be improved, and the problems of complex process, low manufacturing efficiency, high cost, environmental pollution, limited application field and the like in the prior art are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to, but not limited to, the field of radio frequency identification technologies, and in particular, to, but not limited to, an antenna structure for an electronic tag, a manufacturing method thereof, and an electronic tag.
Background
The radio frequency identification technology is a non-contact data automatic acquisition technology and is also one of the core technologies of the internet of things. The wireless information acquisition system has the biggest characteristic that the information acquisition speed is high, mechanical or optical contact is not needed, the wireless information acquisition system is completely completed through a wireless communication technology, hundreds of object information can be acquired within 1 second, and the information acquisition accuracy rate is high. At present, the technology is used in the fields of logistics storage, transportation, security and anti-counterfeiting, mobile payment and the like, but the main bottleneck limiting the popularization and application of the technology is the price, the size and the environmental adaptability of the label.
The antenna material of the current commonly used electronic tag is copper, aluminum, silver paste or conductive ink, and the commonly used preparation method comprises an etching method, an ink-jet printing method, a chemical plating method, an electroplating method, a hot stamping method, a silk screen and a gravure printing method and the like. The mainstream etching method needs strong acid solution to corrode an unprotected metal layer and strong base solution to remove a protective layer, and has the problems of large pollution, serious waste, large carrier limitation, high cost and the like; for the screen printing process of the conductive silver paste, the material cost is too high, and the price of the conductive silver paste is from 360 yuan per kilogram to ten thousand yuan.
In recent years, researches show that a graphene material has a micro topological structure and high conductivity, and an electronic tag manufactured by using graphene composite conductive paste or conductive ink and a printed antenna method is a preferred scheme for replacing the traditional etching method. However, the conductivity of the existing graphene composite conductive paste or conductive ink is affected by various factors such as the type of conductive material, the size of particles, the shape, the filling amount, the dispersion state, the type of binder, the curing time and the like, so that the conductivity of the existing graphene composite conductive paste or conductive ink is poor, and the conductivity requirement of the electronic tag antenna cannot be met. In addition, researchers prepare a mask layer with a preset antenna pattern in advance, transfer the mask layer pattern to a target substrate in a mode of ion etching of the graphene film, and then obtain the graphene antenna through subsequent processing. The preparation method based on the template is complex in operation, high in cost, long in production period and prone to generating pollution and defects in the pattern transfer process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide an antenna structure for an electronic tag and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that the antenna in the prior art is complex in process, low in manufacturing efficiency, high in cost, environment-friendly, limited in application field and the like.
In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, an antenna structure for an electronic tag is provided, in particular, the antenna structure has an antenna conductive layer, and the antenna conductive layer includes at least one layer of graphite paper or graphite paper composite material.
Further, the graphite paper is one or more of flexible graphite paper, ultrathin graphite paper, heat-conducting graphite paper, graphite paper coiled materials or graphite paper plates; the graphite paper composite material is a composite of graphite paper and a carbon material, a metal material or a ceramic material.
Further, the thickness of the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material is 5-500 μm.
Further, the thickness of the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material is 5-30 μm.
Furthermore, the antenna structure also comprises a protective layer, and the protective layer is connected with the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material of the antenna conducting layer in a covering mode.
Furthermore, the shape of the antenna conducting layer is prepared by die cutting or half die cutting after laminating the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material and the protective layer.
Furthermore, the antenna structure further comprises a substrate, the antenna conducting layer is arranged on the substrate, the antenna conducting layer is bonded with the substrate through a back glue layer, and the shape of the antenna conducting layer is formed by laminating graphite paper or a graphite paper composite material and the protective layer and then attaching the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material to the substrate for half-die cutting.
Further, the antenna structure further comprises a third layer of carrier, the third layer of carrier is arranged on the protective layer, and the third layer of carrier is an insulating polymer film material.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for manufacturing an antenna structure of an electronic tag, including:
laminating graphite paper or a graphite paper composite material with a protective layer to obtain a graphite composite film;
carrying out gum application on the surface of a substrate by using the graphite composite film to obtain a high-conductivity graphite film;
processing the high-conductivity graphite film to obtain an electronic tag antenna structure;
the method further comprises a step of cutting and forming the conductive layer, wherein the cutting mode of the cutting and forming specifically comprises laser cutting, flame cutting, manual cutting or die cutting;
the implementation process of the step of cutting and forming the conducting layer comprises the steps of directly cutting the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material, or cutting the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material after the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material is combined with the protective layer, or cutting the graphite composite film after the back glue is applied to the surface of the base material.
Further, the processing of the high-conductivity graphite film comprises attaching a third layer of carrier to the surface of the high-conductivity graphite film.
Further, the cutting mode of cutting and forming the conductive layer is specifically die cutting, and the steps specifically include:
after the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material is combined with the protective layer, die cutting is carried out on the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material combined on the protective layer according to a preset shape to obtain the protective layer and the graphite paper with the same shape, or half die cutting is carried out on the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material combined on the protective layer according to a preset shape, the protective layer is reserved, and part of the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material is cut off to obtain a graphite composite film;
or, the die cutting and forming step specifically comprises:
after the step of obtaining the high-conductivity graphite film or attaching a third layer of carrier on the surface of the high-conductivity graphite film, performing half die cutting on the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material attached to the surface of the base material according to a preset shape to obtain a protective layer and graphite paper with the same shape, and keeping the base material from being cut off.
Further, the laminating of the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material with the protective layer includes:
and carrying out hot rolling treatment on the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material and the protective layer by adopting a double-roller rolling machine so as to cover the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material and the protective layer, wherein the temperature of an upper die of the rolling machine is 25-400 ℃, and the temperature of a lower die of the rolling machine is 25-400 ℃.
Further, the step of laminating the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material with the protective layer further comprises the following steps: preparing graphite paper or a graphite paper composite material, wherein the thickness of the prepared graphite paper or graphite paper composite material is controlled to be 5-30 mu m.
Further, the preparation of the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material comprises the following steps:
pretreating a graphite paper raw material to prepare expandable graphite, and performing expansion and calendering at a preset expansion temperature to prepare graphite paper or a graphite paper composite material;
wherein the graphite material is one or more of natural crystalline flake graphite, pyrolytic graphite, artificial graphite and graphite oxide; wherein the expansion temperature is 200-1000 ℃.
Further, the preparation of the expandable graphite by pretreating the graphite paper raw material comprises the following steps:
mixing graphite paper raw materials, washing and drying after mixing treatment to obtain expandable graphite;
the rolling specifically comprises rolling for a preset number of times, wherein the preset number of times is 3-5 times.
Further, the mixing treatment specifically comprises: mixing a graphite material with a reaction compound and then stirring at a preset reaction temperature; wherein the preset reaction temperature is 20-50 ℃; the stirring time is 60min-90 min.
Further, the mixing treatment is as follows: immersing the graphite material in a reaction solution with a preset ratio, and carrying out electrolysis treatment under constant current, wherein the electrolysis time is 2-3 h.
In a third aspect, an electronic tag is provided, which includes the antenna structure or the antenna structure manufactured by the manufacturing method.
The tag antenna manufactured by the graphite paper material overcomes the problem of insufficient conductivity caused by manufacturing the antenna by conductive ink and thin film materials, the manufacturing process is simpler, and in addition, the square resistance of the tag antenna manufactured by the invention is far smaller than that of a carbon paste antenna.
In conclusion, the beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) the antenna conductive layer of the tag antenna structure is made of graphite paper, the problem of insufficient conductivity caused by manufacturing the antenna by conductive ink and thin film materials is solved, the manufacturing process is simpler, and in addition, the square resistance of the tag antenna manufactured by the invention is far smaller than that of a carbon paste antenna.
(2) And because the constitution simple structure of this application, and prepare the antenna label on the basis of obtaining graphite paper material and only need process such as laminating, cutting and pasting, the preparation constitutes simple environmental protection.
(3) The graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material which is coated on the protective layer and/or is adhered on the base material is subjected to die cutting or half die cutting according to a preset shape, and the shape of the antenna conducting layer is cut out through a preset cutting thickness and shape by a die cutting die in a mode of coating or adhering before die cutting, so that the required shape of the conducting layer can be conveniently and stably obtained, and the fragile graphite paper material cannot be damaged;
(4) by the aid of the method for generating the graphite paper, the thickness of the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material can be better controlled in the process of preparing the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material, and the generated graphite paper is clear and stable in structure.
Drawings
FIGS. 1(a) and (b) are scanning electron micrographs of the graphite paper material of the present invention;
FIG. 2(a) is a schematic structural diagram of a graphite composite film obtained after half-cutting according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2(b) is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna conductive layer obtained by cutting and molding graphite paper or a graphite paper composite material according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an electronic tag antenna structure without a third layer of carrier according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic tag antenna including a third layer of carrier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be noted that features in the embodiments of the present application can be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1:
according to the antenna structure for the electronic tag, the antenna structure is provided with an antenna conducting layer, and the antenna conducting layer at least comprises one layer of graphite paper or graphite paper composite material.
In the prior art, graphite paper is often used as a heat dissipation material applied to notebook computers, flat panel displays, digital video cameras, mobile phones and personal assistant devices, and a person skilled in the art does not consider the graphite paper to be used as a conductive layer of an antenna structure on an electronic tag, and the main limitation is that a conductive wire of the electronic tag is prepared by methods such as an etching method, an ink jet printing method, a chemical plating method, an electroplating method, a hot stamping method, a silk screen and a gravure printing method, and the like, which are commonly used in the prior art.
At present, the price of aluminum etching antenna tags on the market is different from 0.1 yuan to several yuan, the price of conductive ink is different from 180 yuan/kg to several thousand yuan, the price of conductive silver paste is different from 360 yuan/kg to ten thousand yuan, and the price of the graphite paper antenna can be reduced to be within 0.1 yuan, so that the price of the electronic tags is greatly reduced. Compared with a carbon paste antenna, the finally prepared electronic tag antenna has lower resistance, and the prepared RFID tag antenna has good electrical property and can meet the working requirements of low frequency, high frequency, ultrahigh frequency and microwave frequency bands.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the types of the graphite paper can be selected as follows: the graphite paper is one or more of flexible graphite paper, ultrathin graphite paper, heat-conducting graphite paper, graphite paper coiled materials or graphite paper plates; wherein, the graphite paper composite material is a composite prepared by jointly processing graphite paper and carbon materials, metal materials or ceramic materials; the carbon material is graphite flake, graphite plate or carbon powder; the metal material is a metal plate or metal powder; the ceramic material is oxide ceramic, nitride ceramic, carbide ceramic or boride ceramic.
Further preferably, in this embodiment, the graphite paper or graphite paper composite has a thickness of 5 μm to 500 μm, and even more preferably 5 μm to 30 μm. Common graphite paper generally has a thickness of about 1mm and is mainly used as a heat dissipation layer of electronic equipment; the graphite paper of selecting special size thickness is regarded as the composition part of electronic tags's conducting layer in this application, through the test, it has outstanding electric conductive property to compare in current manufacture process and change processing, can make into the antenna of equidimension not, shape, compare with traditional width unanimous linear antenna, can effectively shorten antenna length, reducible material quantity, further reduce cost, can also increase antenna width, reduce technology manufacturing error, improve the yield. Preferably, the thickness of the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material is 5 μm to 30 μm, and compared with the graphite paper material commonly available in the market, the graphite paper material of the electronic tag is produced by adopting a special process, and the thickness is more suitable for the graphite paper material of the electronic tag, in particular, refer to the following description.
Further, in this embodiment, the antenna structure further includes a protective layer, and the protective layer is connected to the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material of the antenna conductive layer in a covering manner. The protective layer not only protects the conductive layer, but also prevents the graphite paper or graphite paper composite material from being cracked and allows for the graphite paper material which is thin and fragile in size in the present embodiment to be processed more stably. Wherein, the protective layer is selected from one of polymer film material, paper and fabric.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the shape of the antenna conductive layer is obtained by laminating graphite paper or a graphite paper composite material and a protective layer and then performing die cutting or half die cutting. Due to the fragile characteristic of the graphite paper, the graphite paper is thinner in the electronic tag in the embodiment, so that the die-cut shape of the antenna conducting layer in the application can be cut out without cutting off the protective layer in a mode of laminating and then die-cutting, and when the die-cutting is specifically half-die-cutting, namely, the die-cutting die passes through the preset cutting thickness and shape. Specifically, reference may be made to fig. 2, where reference numeral 1 is an antenna conductive layer 1 formed after die cutting, and reference numeral 2 is a protective layer 2. In other embodiments, the protective layer and the graphite paper or graphite paper composite material can be die-cut together, and the protective layer can also protect the fragile graphite paper material from being damaged in the die-cutting process.
Further, still include the substrate in this application, the antenna conducting layer sets up on the substrate, and the antenna conducting layer passes through gum layer 3 and substrate bonding. As shown in fig. 3, the antenna comprises an antenna conductive layer 1, a protective layer 2, a back adhesive layer 3 and a substrate 4. The antenna conducting layer can also be formed by half die cutting after being attached to the base material, specifically, the shape of the antenna conducting layer is prepared by laminating graphite paper or a graphite paper composite material and a protective layer and then attaching the laminated graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material to the base material for half die cutting, so that the protective layer after half die cutting is consistent with the shape of the antenna conducting layer, and the base material is kept from being cut. The cutting mode is more stable, and the cutting forming can be carried out at one time. Optionally, in other embodiments, a third layer carrier may be included, and when the third layer carrier is provided, the third layer carrier may be disposed on the protective layer and then subjected to a half die cutting process to realize a one-time forming.
In this embodiment, optionally, the protective layer and the substrate are each independently selected from one of a polymer film material, paper, and a fabric.
Wherein the polymer film material is selected from but not limited to polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyimide, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polystyrene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polycarbonate, polyurethane, polyamide or polytetrafluoroethylene.
The paper material is selected from, but not limited to, natural fiber paper, synthetic fiber paper, composite paper, glassine paper, silicone oil paper, coated paper or laminated paper.
The fabric is selected from, but not limited to, a woven, knit, woven, or nonwoven fabric.
Further preferably silk cloth, flannelette, oxford cloth, felt cloth, and leather.
In addition, in another alternative embodiment, a scheme including a third layer carrier may also be protected, and the protective layer 2 is disposed on the antenna conductive layer 1; the antenna conducting layer 1 is arranged on the base material 4 through the back glue layer 3; the third layer of carrier 5 is arranged on the protective layer 2, so that the flexibility of the antenna is further improved on the basis of ensuring the working performance of the conducting circuit of the antenna. The third layer carrier is selected to be used or not according to the actual protection requirement.
Based on the structure of the antenna structure, the structure of the traditional electronic tag antenna is changed, the tag antenna is made of graphite paper materials which are not easy to think by a person skilled in the art, the problem of insufficient conductivity caused by manufacturing the antenna by conductive ink and thin film materials is solved, the manufacturing process is simpler, and in addition, the square resistance of the tag antenna manufactured by the invention is far smaller than that of a carbon paste antenna.
The RFID tag antenna disclosed by the invention is made of graphite paper, and compared with graphite and graphene which belong to carbon materials, the RFID tag antenna has the advantages that the cost can be saved, the environment is protected, and the corrosion resistance can be improved; in the prior art, graphite and graphene conductive ink is generally used for RFID tags by a printed antenna method, and the method is influenced by various factors such as the type of conductive material, the size of particles, the shape, the filling amount, the dispersion state, the type of adhesive, the curing time and the like, and the phenomena of ink resistance increase and the like caused by incomplete drying and thin printing thickness can be encountered in the printing process, so that the conductivity of the conductive ink is generally 100 times or more lower than that of graphite paper materials, and the conductive ink cannot meet the conductive requirement of RFID tag antennas. In addition, a mask layer with a set antenna pattern is prepared in advance, the mask layer pattern is transferred to a target substrate in a graphite film or graphene film ion etching mode, and then the graphene antenna is obtained through subsequent processing. The preparation method based on the template is complex in operation, high in cost, long in production period and prone to generating pollution and defects in the pattern transfer process.
The tag antenna manufactured by the graphite paper material overcomes the problem of insufficient conductivity caused by manufacturing the antenna by conductive ink and thin film materials, the manufacturing process is simpler, and in addition, the square resistance of the tag antenna manufactured by the invention is far smaller than that of a carbon paste antenna.
At present, the price of aluminum etching antenna tags on the market is different from 0.1 yuan to several yuan, the price of conductive ink is different from 180 yuan/kg to several thousand yuan, the price of conductive silver paste is different from 360 yuan/kg to ten thousand yuan, and the price of the graphite paper antenna can be reduced to be within 0.1 yuan, so that the price of the electronic tags is greatly reduced. And because the constitution simple structure of this application, and prepare antenna label on the basis of obtaining graphite paper material and only need processes such as laminating, cross cutting and pasting, the preparation constitutes simple environmental protection.
Example 2:
in this embodiment, a method for manufacturing an antenna structure is provided, including:
s1: preparing graphite paper or a graphite paper composite material, wherein the thickness of the prepared graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material is controlled to be 5-30 mu m.
In this embodiment, in the process of preparing the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material, the thickness of the graphite paper suitable for manufacturing the electronic tag antenna structure needs to be controlled, and the next manufacturing process can be performed by using the existing graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material which is already manufactured and has the size, so that the step of preparing the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material is omitted.
S2: coating graphite paper or a graphite paper composite material with a protective layer; obtaining a graphite composite film;
specifically, the coating of the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material with the protective layer includes:
carrying out hot rolling treatment on the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material and the protective layer by adopting a double-roller rolling machine so as to enable the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material to be covered with the protective layer, wherein the temperature of an upper die of the rolling machine is 25-400 ℃, the temperature of a lower die of the rolling machine is 25-400 ℃, preferably, the temperature of the upper die of the rolling machine is 70-120 ℃, and the temperature of the lower die of the rolling machine is 70-120 ℃;
s3, carrying out gum application on the graphite composite film on the surface of the substrate to obtain a high-conductivity graphite film;
the adhesive of the back adhesive is any one or more of water-based coating adhesive, oily coating adhesive and hot-melt pressure-sensitive adhesive.
Further preferably epoxy resin glue, polyurethane glue, acrylic resin glue, polyvinylidene fluoride resin glue, chlorinated rubber, polyacrylate glue and hot melt glue.
S4: and processing the high-conductivity graphite film to obtain the electronic tag antenna structure. Specifically, the treatment of the high conductivity graphite film may include attaching a third layer of carrier to the surface of the high conductivity graphite film, or attaching other related layered structures as required, or may be a treatment mode of finishing the whole.
The preparation method of the embodiment further comprises a step of cutting and forming the conductive layer, wherein the cutting mode of the cutting and forming specifically comprises laser cutting, flame cutting, manual cutting, arc cutting or die cutting;
the implementation process of the cutting and forming steps of the conducting layer can be selected according to the requirements of the actual operation step sequence as follows:
the cutting is directly carried out on the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material, or the cutting is carried out after the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material and the protective layer are combined, or the cutting is carried out after the back glue is carried out on the surface of the substrate by the graphite composite film, or the cutting is carried out after the high-conductivity graphite film is processed.
The method comprises the following steps of (1) directly cutting graphite paper or a graphite paper composite material, wherein the fragile characteristic of the graphite paper needs to be considered, and a cutting mode which is not easy to damage the structure and has small vibration is selected;
preferably, the cutting mode of cutting and forming the conductive layer is specifically die cutting, and the steps specifically include:
after the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material is combined with the protective layer, die cutting is carried out on the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material combined on the protective layer according to a preset shape to obtain the protective layer and the graphite paper with the same shape, or half die cutting is carried out on the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material combined on the protective layer according to a preset shape, the protective layer is reserved, and part of the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material is cut off to obtain a graphite composite film; the protective layer not only protects the conductive layer, but also prevents the graphite paper or graphite paper composite material from being cracked and allows for the graphite paper material which is thin and fragile in size in the present embodiment to be processed more stably.
The cutting mode of cutting and forming the conductive layer is specifically die cutting, and the step of die cutting and forming can also be performed after the step of obtaining the high-conductivity graphite film or attaching a third layer of carrier to the surface of the high-conductivity graphite film, and specifically comprises the following steps: and performing half die cutting on the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material adhered to the surface of the base material according to a preset shape to obtain a protective layer and the graphite paper with the same shape, and keeping the base material not to be cut off. The cutting mode is more stable, and the cutting forming can be carried out at one time. When the third layer carrier is provided, the third layer carrier can be arranged on the protective layer and then is subjected to half die cutting together, so that one-time forming is realized.
Based on the structure of the electronic antenna structure, in the preparation process, the antenna label is prepared on the basis of obtaining the graphite paper material only by the processes of laminating, die cutting, adhering and the like, and the preparation structure is simple and environment-friendly. The obtaining process of the graphite paper material requires attention to control the thickness to conform to the dimensions of the conductive layer of the electronic antenna structure. Due to the fragile characteristic of the graphite paper material and the thinness of the electronic tag in the embodiment, the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material coated on the protective layer and/or adhered on the base material can be subjected to die cutting or half die cutting according to a preset shape by a mode of coating or laminating and then cutting, particularly preferably a die cutting mode, namely the die cutting die cuts the die cutting shape of the antenna conductive layer in the application through the preset cutting thickness and shape without cutting off materials needing to be reserved. The shape of the required conducting layer can be conveniently and stably obtained, and the problems that the antenna in the prior art is complex in process, low in manufacturing efficiency, high in cost, environment-friendly, limited in application field and the like are solved.
Based on the above embodiment, the present application further provides an electronic tag, where the electronic tag includes the antenna structure or the antenna structure manufactured by the manufacturing method.
Example 3:
in this example, the step of preparing the graphite paper or graphite paper composite material in step S1 is further defined, specifically,
preparing graphite paper or a graphite paper composite material comprises the following steps:
pretreating a graphite paper raw material to prepare expandable graphite, and performing expansion and calendering at a preset expansion temperature to prepare graphite paper or a graphite paper composite material;
wherein the graphite material is one or more of natural crystalline flake graphite, pyrolytic graphite, artificial graphite and graphite oxide; wherein the expansion temperature is 200-1000 ℃.
The preparation method of the expandable graphite by pretreating the graphite paper raw material comprises the following steps:
mixing graphite paper raw materials, washing and drying after mixing treatment to obtain expandable graphite;
wherein the mixing treatment comprises the following steps: mixing a graphite material with a reaction compound and then stirring at a preset reaction temperature; wherein the preset reaction temperature is 20-50 ℃; stirring for 60-90 min;
or, the mixing treatment comprises the following steps: soaking a graphite material in a reaction solution with a preset ratio, and carrying out electrolysis treatment under constant current, wherein the electrolysis time is 2-3 h;
the rolling specifically comprises rolling for a preset number of times, the preset number of times being 3-5 times.
In the steps of the method, the graphite paper composite material has more processes than the graphite paper, and the graphite paper composite material is prepared by jointly processing the graphite paper and a carbon material, a metal material or a ceramic material after the graphite paper is prepared.
By the method, the thickness of the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material can be better controlled in the process of preparing the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material, the generated graphite paper is clear and stable in structure, and the accompanying drawings 1(a) and (b) of the application can be referred to, so that the generated graphite paper can better meet the requirements of the electronic tag antenna.
Example 4:
in this embodiment, the step S2 of combining the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material with the protective layer specifically includes: the process of coating the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material with the protective layer comprises the following steps:
and carrying out hot rolling treatment on the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material and the protective layer by adopting a double-roller rolling machine so as to cover the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material and the protective layer, wherein the temperature of an upper die of the rolling machine is 25-400 ℃, and the temperature of a lower die of the rolling machine is 25-400 ℃. The temperature of the upper and lower dies of the roll press is selected according to the material and thickness of the graphite paper and the protective layer.
The following examples will illustrate specific material choices and specific environmental parameters of preparation, etc. to illustrate the outstanding conductive performance of the tag antenna of the present application in conjunction with the finally obtained tag antenna block resistance:
example 5:
s1, mixing natural crystalline flake graphite, nitric acid, acetic anhydride and potassium permanganate according to a mass ratio of 1: 0.7: 1.5:0.4, stirring for 90min at 35 ℃, washing and drying to obtain sulfur-free expandable graphite, expanding at 900 ℃, and finally rolling for 5 times at room temperature to obtain a graphite paper material; the thickness of the graphite paper material prepared in the embodiment is 20 μm;
s2, performing hot rolling treatment on the graphite paper material and the PET film by using a double-roller rolling machine, wherein the upper die temperature of the rolling machine is 120 ℃, the lower die temperature is 120 ℃, and laminating to obtain a graphite composite film;
s3: compounding the graphite composite film and the silk cloth through polyester adhesive by using a compounding machine to obtain a high-conductivity graphite film;
and S4, attaching a PE film on the surface of the high-conductivity graphite film by using a roller press, and performing half die cutting to obtain the RFID label antenna.
The square resistance value of the finally obtained tag antenna conductive layer is 10m omega-sq-1。
Example 6
S1, mixing natural crystalline flake graphite, perchloric acid and potassium permanganate according to a mass ratio of 1:3: 0.4, stirring for 1h at room temperature, washing and drying to obtain expandable graphite, expanding at low temperature of 300 ℃, and finally rolling for 3 times at room temperature to obtain a graphite paper material; the thickness of the graphite paper material prepared in this example was 15 μm;
s2, performing hot rolling treatment on the graphite paper material and the polyvinyl chloride film by using a double-roller rolling machine, wherein the upper die temperature of the rolling machine is 80 ℃, the lower die temperature is 80 ℃, and laminating to obtain a graphite composite film;
s3, compounding the graphite composite film and the glassine paper by a compounding machine through hot melt adhesive to obtain a high-conductivity graphite film;
and S4, attaching a polyurethane film on the surface of the high-conductivity graphite film by using a roller press, and performing laser cutting to obtain the RFID label antenna.
The square resistance value of the finally obtained tag antenna conductive layer is 8m omega-sq-1。
Example 7
S1, immersing 10g of natural crystalline flake graphite in a solution with a volume ratio of sulfuric acid to phosphoric acid of 1:1, fixing a current of 0.3A, using a stainless steel net as an anode current collector, using a stainless steel plate as a cathode and an anode, wherein the effective area of an electrode plate is about 20cm2, electrolyzing for 3 hours, washing with water, filtering, drying, expanding at 900 ℃, and finally rolling at room temperature for 3 times to obtain a graphite paper material; the thickness of the graphite paper material prepared in this example was 30 μm;
s2, carrying out hot rolling treatment on the graphite paper material and polyethylene by using a double-roller rolling machine, wherein the temperature of an upper die of the rolling machine is 110 ℃, the temperature of a lower die of the rolling machine is 110 ℃, and laminating to obtain a graphite composite film;
s3, compounding the graphite composite film and the felt cloth through epoxy resin glue by using a compounding machine to obtain a high-conductivity graphite film;
and S4, attaching a polyvinyl chloride film on the surface of the high-conductivity graphite film by using a roller press, and performing half die cutting to obtain the RFID tag antenna.
The square resistance value of the finally obtained tag antenna conductive layer is 12m omega-sq-1。
Example 8:
s1, mixing artificial graphite, potassium dichromate, nitric acid and ammonium phosphate in a mass ratio of 5: uniformly mixing at a ratio of 0.6:10:15, reacting at 50 ℃ for 60min, washing with water, drying to obtain sulfur-free expandable graphite, puffing at 900 ℃, and finally rolling at room temperature for 5 times to obtain a graphite paper material; the thickness of the graphite paper material prepared in this example was 10 μm;
s2, performing hot rolling treatment on the graphite paper material and polyimide by using a double-roller rolling machine, wherein the upper die temperature of the rolling machine is 260 ℃, the lower die temperature is 260 ℃, and laminating to obtain a graphite composite film;
s3, compounding the graphite composite film and the fiber paper through chlorinated rubber by using a compounding machine to obtain a high-conductivity graphite film;
and S4, attaching a PET film on the surface of the high-conductivity graphite film by using a roller press, and performing laser cutting to obtain the RFID label antenna.
The square resistance value of the finally prepared tag antenna conductive layer is 15m omega-sq-1。
Example 9
S1, uniformly mixing pyrolytic graphite, perchloric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic anhydride and chromium trioxide according to the mass ratio of 1:3:2.3:1.4:0.18, reacting at 40 ℃ for 70min, washing with water, drying to obtain sulfur-free expandable graphite, expanding at 300 ℃, and finally rolling at room temperature for 5 times to obtain a graphite paper material; the thickness of the graphite paper material prepared in this example was 30 μm,
s2, performing hot rolling treatment on the graphite paper material and the polyurethane film by using a double-roller rolling machine, wherein the temperature of an upper die of the rolling machine is 120 ℃, the temperature of a lower die of the rolling machine is 120 ℃, and laminating to obtain a graphite composite film;
s3, compounding the graphite composite film and the coated paper through polyacrylate glue by using a compounding machine to obtain a high-conductivity graphite film;
and S4, attaching a polyurethane film on the surface of the high-conductivity graphite film by using a roller press, and performing half die cutting to obtain the RFID tag antenna.
The square resistance value of the finally prepared tag antenna conductive layer is 20m omega-sq-1。
Example 10:
s1, containing 10g of graphite oxide by using a 200-mesh stainless steel net, using a stainless steel plate as a cathode and an anode, immersing the electrode plate with an effective area of 20cm2 in a mixed solution of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid with a volume ratio of 1:1, electrolyzing for 3 hours under a constant current of 20mA/cm2, washing with water, filtering, drying, expanding at 800 ℃, and finally rolling at room temperature for 3 times to obtain a graphite paper material; the thickness of the graphite paper material prepared in this example was 5 μm;
s2, performing hot rolling treatment on the graphite paper material and the polyamide film by using a double-roller rolling machine, wherein the upper die temperature of the rolling machine is 150 ℃, the lower die temperature is 150 ℃, and laminating to obtain a graphite composite film;
s3, compounding the graphite composite film and the oxford fabric through polyvinylidene fluoride resin adhesive by using a compounding machine to obtain a high-conductivity graphite film;
and S4, attaching a polyimide film on the surface of the high-conductivity graphite film by using a roller press, and performing laser cutting to obtain the RFID label antenna.
The square resistance value of the finally obtained tag antenna conductive layer is 1m omega-sq-1。
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides an RFID label antenna, the antenna conductive layer material of which mainly comprises graphene conductive ink, the preparation method mainly comprises the steps of printing the graphene conductive ink on a substrate, carrying out thermocuring, drying at 80 ℃ for 3h, and the square resistance of the cured RFID antenna conductive layer is 2000m omega-sq-1。
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides an RFID label antenna, the antenna conductive layer material of which mainly comprises conductive silver paste, and the preparation method mainly comprises the steps of printing the conductive silver paste on a base material, carrying out thermocuring, drying at 80 ℃ for 5min, and enabling the sheet resistance of the cured RFID label antenna conductive layer to be 15m omega. sq-1.
Through the specific contents of the above examples and the analysis of the comparative examples, the technical scheme of the present application has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the antenna conductive layer of the tag antenna structure is made of graphite paper materials which are not easy to think by a person skilled in the art, so that the problem of insufficient conductivity caused by manufacturing the antenna by conductive ink and thin film materials is solved, the manufacturing process is simpler, and the square resistance of the tag antenna manufactured by the invention is far smaller than that of a carbon paste antenna.
(2) And because the constitution simple structure of this application, and prepare the antenna label on the basis of obtaining graphite paper material and only need process such as laminating, cutting and pasting, the preparation constitutes simple environmental protection.
(3) The graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material which is covered on the protective layer and/or is adhered on the base material is subjected to die cutting or half die cutting according to a preset shape, and the die cutting is specifically half die cutting in a mode of covering or adhering and then die cutting, namely, the die cutting die cuts the die cutting shape of the antenna conductive layer without cutting off the protective layer through the preset cutting thickness and shape. The required shape of the conductive layer can be conveniently and stably obtained without damaging the fragile graphite paper material;
(4) by the aid of the method for generating the graphite paper, the thickness of the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material can be better controlled in the process of preparing the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material, and the generated graphite paper is clear and stable in structure.
The embodiments selected above are exemplary embodiments and the above description is only intended to help understand the method of the present invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (18)
1. An antenna structure for an electronic tag is characterized in that the antenna structure is provided with an antenna conducting layer, and the antenna conducting layer at least comprises a layer of graphite paper or graphite paper composite material.
2. The antenna structure for the electronic tag according to claim 1, wherein the graphite paper is one or more of flexible graphite paper, ultrathin graphite paper, heat-conducting graphite paper, graphite paper coiled material or graphite paper sheet material; the graphite paper composite material is a composite of graphite paper and a carbon material, a metal material or a ceramic material.
3. An antenna structure for an electronic label according to claim 1, characterized in that the graphite paper or graphite paper composite has a thickness of 5 μm-500 μm.
4. An antenna structure for an electronic tag according to claim 3, characterized in that the graphite paper or graphite paper composite has a thickness of 5 μm to 30 μm.
5. An antenna structure for an electronic label according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the antenna structure further comprises a protective layer, which is in covering connection with the graphite paper or graphite paper composite material of the antenna conductive layer.
6. The antenna structure according to claim 5, wherein the antenna conductive layer has a shape formed by laminating graphite paper or a graphite paper composite material with the protective layer and then performing die cutting or half die cutting.
7. The electronic tag antenna structure as claimed in claim 5, wherein the antenna structure further comprises a substrate, the antenna conductive layer is disposed on the substrate, the antenna conductive layer and the substrate are bonded by a back adhesive layer, and the shape of the antenna conductive layer is made by laminating graphite paper or a graphite paper composite material and the protective layer and then attaching the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material to the substrate for half die cutting.
8. The electronic tag antenna structure as claimed in claim 5, wherein the antenna structure further comprises a third layer carrier disposed on the protective layer, and the third layer carrier is an insulating polymer film material.
9. A preparation method of an electronic tag antenna structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
laminating graphite paper or a graphite paper composite material with a protective layer to obtain a graphite composite film;
carrying out gum application on the surface of a substrate by using the graphite composite film to obtain a high-conductivity graphite film;
processing the high-conductivity graphite film to obtain an electronic tag antenna structure;
the method further comprises a step of cutting and forming the conductive layer, wherein the cutting mode of the cutting and forming specifically comprises laser cutting, flame cutting, manual cutting, arc cutting or die cutting;
the implementation process of the step of cutting and forming the conducting layer comprises the steps of directly cutting the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material, or cutting after coating the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material and the protective layer, or cutting after carrying out gum back on the graphite composite film on the surface of the base material, or cutting after processing the high-conductivity graphite film.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the treating the high-conductivity graphite film comprises attaching a third layer of support to the surface of the high-conductivity graphite film.
11. The production method according to claim 9 or 10,
the cutting mode of cutting and forming the conducting layer is specifically die cutting, and the steps specifically comprise:
after the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material is combined with the protective layer, die cutting is carried out on the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material combined on the protective layer according to a preset shape to obtain the protective layer and the graphite paper with the same shape, or half die cutting is carried out on the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material combined on the protective layer according to a preset shape, the protective layer is reserved, and part of the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material is cut off to obtain a graphite composite film;
or, the die cutting and forming step specifically comprises:
after the step of obtaining the high-conductivity graphite film or attaching a third layer of carrier on the surface of the high-conductivity graphite film, performing half die cutting on the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material attached to the surface of the base material according to a preset shape to obtain a protective layer and graphite paper with the same shape, and keeping the base material from being cut off.
12. The production method according to claim 9,
the step of coating the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material with the protective layer comprises the following steps:
and carrying out hot rolling treatment on the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material and the protective layer by adopting a double-roller rolling machine so as to cover the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material and the protective layer, wherein the temperature of an upper die of the rolling machine is 25-400 ℃, and the temperature of a lower die of the rolling machine is 25-400 ℃.
13. The production method according to claim 9,
the step of laminating the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material with the protective layer further comprises the following steps: preparing graphite paper or a graphite paper composite material, wherein the thickness of the prepared graphite paper or graphite paper composite material is controlled to be 5-30 mu m.
14. The production method according to claim 12,
the preparation of the graphite paper or the graphite paper composite material comprises the following steps:
pretreating a graphite paper raw material to prepare expandable graphite, and performing expansion and calendering at a preset expansion temperature to prepare graphite paper or a graphite paper composite material;
wherein the graphite material is one or more of natural crystalline flake graphite, pyrolytic graphite, artificial graphite and graphite oxide; wherein the expansion temperature is 200-1000 ℃.
15. The method of claim 14,
the method for preparing the expandable graphite by pretreating the graphite paper raw material comprises the following steps:
mixing graphite paper raw materials, washing and drying after mixing treatment to obtain expandable graphite;
the rolling specifically comprises rolling for a preset number of times, wherein the preset number of times is 3-5 times.
16. The method of claim 15,
the mixing treatment specifically comprises the following steps: mixing a graphite material with a reaction compound and then stirring at a preset reaction temperature; wherein the preset reaction temperature is 20-50 ℃; the stirring time is 60min-90 min.
17. The method of claim 15,
the mixing treatment comprises the following steps: immersing the graphite material in a reaction solution with a preset ratio, and carrying out electrolysis treatment under constant current, wherein the electrolysis time is 2-3 h.
18. An electronic tag comprising the antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or the antenna structure produced by the production method according to any one of claims 9 to 17.
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| PCT/CN2021/139458 WO2022247248A1 (en) | 2021-05-25 | 2021-12-20 | Antenna structure for electronic tag, preparation method therefor, and electronic tag |
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| WO2022247248A1 (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2022-12-01 | 厦门凯纳石墨烯技术股份有限公司 | Antenna structure for electronic tag, preparation method therefor, and electronic tag |
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| WO2022247248A1 (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2022-12-01 | 厦门凯纳石墨烯技术股份有限公司 | Antenna structure for electronic tag, preparation method therefor, and electronic tag |
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