CN113504122A - Tunnel segment upper soil body load deformation experimental device and method - Google Patents
Tunnel segment upper soil body load deformation experimental device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113504122A CN113504122A CN202110735702.4A CN202110735702A CN113504122A CN 113504122 A CN113504122 A CN 113504122A CN 202110735702 A CN202110735702 A CN 202110735702A CN 113504122 A CN113504122 A CN 113504122A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention provides an experimental device and an experimental method for the loaded deformation of a soil body on the upper part of a tunnel segment, which can be used for simulating the loaded deformation of the soil body on the upper part of the segment in the tunnel construction process, so that the disturbance of tunnel construction on the soil body on the upper part and a ground surface building is accurately analyzed, a theoretical basis is provided for the design and construction of a tunnel, the experimental device comprises a model box, a loading device and the segment, the model box is a square box body with an open upper end surface, the front wall and the rear wall of the model box are transparent panels, and the left side wall and the right side wall of the model box are detection plates; after an experimental soil body is filled in the model box, the back surface of the pipe piece is pressed on the experimental soil body, and the loading device is connected with the front surface of the pipe piece; and pressure sensors are arranged on the inner side surfaces of the two detection plates and the base of the model box.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel segment experiments, in particular to a tunnel segment upper soil body load deformation experimental device and an experimental method.
Background
In the world, with the increasing development of science and technology, crowded traffic becomes a difficult problem for the development of various big cities. The single ground traffic can not meet the travel conditions required by the growing population, and the pressure of the ground traffic is relieved to a great extent by the development and utilization of underground spaces. For example, a shield machine is a tunnel boring machine using a shield method. The shield construction method is a "shield" (referred to as a supporting segment) for constructing (laying) a tunnel while a heading machine is heading, and is different from an open construction method. The shield segment (also called tunnel segment) is the main assembly component of shield construction, is the innermost barrier of the tunnel and plays a role in resisting soil layer pressure, underground water pressure and some special loads.
Because the uncertain factors of the underground space are more, the construction of the underground building is more complex, and when the urban underground space is constructed, the original stress state of the underground soil body is often changed, so that the stratum is deformed and lost. The ground loss usually affects and damages the ground, the underground space structure and the ground surface upper structure, so that the construction period is delayed, the construction work amount is increased, and the ground cracking, the house collapse and major safety accidents are caused to threaten the life and property safety of people. If the device can simulate the load deformation of the soil body during the construction of the underground building, the deformation of the soil body during the construction can be judged, so that the damage degree of the construction to the ground and the underground building can be estimated, effective control measures can be taken, and the construction risk can be reduced to the maximum extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tunnel segment upper soil body load deformation experimental device and an experimental method, which can be used for simulating the load deformation of the segment upper soil body in the tunnel construction process, so that the disturbance of tunnel construction to the upper soil body and a surface building is accurately analyzed, and a theoretical basis is provided for the design and construction of a tunnel.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a tunnel segment upper soil body loading deformation experimental device comprises a model box, a loading device and a segment, wherein the model box is a square box body with an open upper end face, the front wall and the rear wall of the model box are transparent panels, and the left side wall and the right side wall of the model box are detection plates;
after an experimental soil body is filled in the model box, the back surface of the pipe piece is pressed on the experimental soil body, and the loading device is connected with the front surface of the pipe piece;
and pressure sensors are arranged on the inner side surfaces of the two detection plates and the base of the model box.
Furthermore, the inner side surfaces of the left end and the right end of the front wall and the rear wall are symmetrically provided with mounting grooves, the top ends of the front wall and the rear wall are respectively provided with a clip frame which is aligned with the mounting grooves, and the detection plate penetrates through the clip frame from top to bottom and then is inserted into the mounting grooves to realize assembly.
Furthermore, the detection plate is a plastic plate with toughness, and the lower end of the detection plate is spliced with a permeable stone plate.
Furthermore, the pressure sensors are all film pressure sensors, and the number of the pressure sensors is four; the two film pressure sensors are symmetrically laid on the left side and the right side of the base of the model box, and the middle of the base of the model box is provided with a hydraulic bag; the other two film pressure sensors are respectively and correspondingly paved on the inner side surfaces of the two detection plates.
Furthermore, the loading device is an electro-hydraulic push rod, a load distribution plate is fixed at the center of the front face of the duct piece, and the movable end of the electro-hydraulic push rod is fixedly connected with the load distribution plate.
Further, the front wall and the rear wall are both transparent high-strength resin material plates.
An experimental method adopting the experimental device for the load deformation of the soil body on the upper part of the tunnel segment comprises the following steps:
step one, placing an experimental soil body in a model box, extruding the soil body to enable the soil body to tend to be compact, observing pressure values detected by a left detection plate, a right detection plate and a pressure sensor of a base of the model box, comparing the pressure values with pressure values of the same position points of measured field experimental soil, and continuously extruding the experimental soil to measure until the pressure values are equivalent to the field experimental soil pressure values;
placing the pipe piece above experimental soil in the model box, and enabling the back of the pipe piece to be in close contact with the experimental soil;
and step three, controlling the duct piece to slowly descend and extrude the experimental land through a loading device, simultaneously recording the numerical changes of the inner side surfaces of the two detection plates and the pressure sensors of the base of the model box, and observing the change degree of the experimental land through the front wall or the rear wall of the model box.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. placing an experimental soil body in the model box, extruding the soil body to enable the soil body to tend to be compact, controlling the duct piece to slowly descend through the loading device and extrude experimental land, simultaneously recording numerical changes of inner side surfaces of the two detection plates and pressure sensors of a base of the model box, and observing the change degree of the experimental land through the front wall or the rear wall of the model box; according to the experimental device and the experimental method for the load deformation of the soil body on the upper part of the tunnel segment, the load deformation condition of the soil body on the upper part of the tunnel segment can be effectively simulated;
2. the lower end of the detection plate is spliced with a permeable stone plate, and the permeable stone plate can discharge water in the experimental soil body in the extrusion process, so that the experimental result is prevented from being influenced;
3. the medial surface symmetry at both ends is equipped with the mounting groove about antetheca and the back wall, and the top of antetheca and back wall is equipped with respectively and aligns the shape frame returns of mounting groove, pick-up plate down passes from last insert the mounting groove can realize the equipment after returning the shape frame, simple structure, low in manufacturing cost and firmly stable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tunnel segment upper soil body load deformation experimental device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the mold box of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the loading device and segment in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the rear wall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the detection plate and the permeable stone according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the device comprises a model box, 11, a front wall, 12, a rear wall, 13, a detection plate, 2, a loading device, 3, a pipe piece, 4, a pressure sensor, 5, a hydraulic bag, 6, a returning frame, 7, a mounting groove, 8, a permeable stone plate, 9 and a load distribution plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present application without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "left", "right", "front", "rear", "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the present example discloses a tunnel segment 3 upper soil body load deformation experimental device, which comprises a model box 1, a loading device 2, a segment 3, four pressure sensors 4 and a hydraulic bag 5. The mold box 1 is a square box body with an open upper end face, and the mold box 1 is composed of a front wall 11, a rear wall 12, a left detection plate 13, a right detection plate 13 and a base. The base of the model box 1 is made of steel plates, the front wall 11 and the rear wall 12 of the model box 1 are both transparent panels, in order to guarantee the strength of the model box and enable the internal structure to be observed conveniently, the front wall 11 and the rear wall 12 are made of transparent high-strength resin material plates, and the lower ends of the front wall 11 and the rear wall 12 are fixed on the base through bolt assemblies. The medial surface symmetry processing at both ends about antetheca 11 and back wall 12 has mounting groove 7, and fixed mounting has the shape frame 6 that returns that aligns mounting groove 7 respectively in the top left and right sides of antetheca 11 and back wall 12, and two pick-up plate 13 on the left and right sides correspond respectively from last to down insert mounting groove 7 after passing back shape frame 6 and can realize the equipment. The detection plate 13 is a plastic plate with toughness, the lower end of the detection plate 13 is spliced with the permeable stone plate 8, the height of the permeable stone plate 8 is one fifth of that of the detection plate 13, and the permeable stone plate 8 is used for discharging moisture seeped under the condition of extrusion in an experimental soil body to avoid causing experimental errors.
The pressure sensor 4 is a device or apparatus that can sense the pressure signal and can convert the pressure signal into a usable output electrical signal according to a certain rule. In the embodiment, the four pressure sensors are all thin film pressure sensors, and in the measuring process of the thin film pressure sensors, pressure directly acts on a diaphragm of the sensors, so that the diaphragm generates micro displacement which is in direct proportion to the pressure of a medium, the resistance of the sensors is changed, the change is detected through an electronic circuit, and a standard signal corresponding to the pressure is converted and output, and the process is the measuring process of the thin film pressure sensors. Two of the film pressure sensors are correspondingly paved on the inner side surfaces of the two detection plates 13 respectively, and the other two film pressure sensors are symmetrically paved on the left side and the right side of the base of the model box 1. The hydraulic bag 5 is a rubber bag body which can be filled with liquid to change the pressure, and the hydraulic bag 5 is arranged in the middle of the base of the model box 1. By the design, the load on the experimental soil body can be locally changed.
After the experimental soil body is arranged in the model box 1, the back surface of the pipe piece 3 is pressed on the experimental soil body, the loading device 2 is an electro-hydraulic push rod, the center position of the front surface of the pipe piece 3 is fixed with a load distribution plate 9 made of a steel plate material through a bolt, and the movable end of the electro-hydraulic push rod is fixedly connected with the load distribution plate 9.
The invention is designed for simulating the load deformation condition of the upper soil of the tunnel segment 3, and the experimental method of the experimental device for the load deformation of the upper soil of the tunnel segment 3 comprises the following steps:
step one, placing an experimental soil body in a model box 1, extruding the soil body to enable the soil body to tend to be compact, observing pressure values detected by a left detection plate, a right detection plate 13 and a pressure sensor of a base of the model box 1, comparing the pressure values with pressure values of the same position points of measured field experimental soil, and continuously extruding the experimental soil to measure until the pressure values are equivalent to the pressure values of the field experimental soil body at zero load;
placing the pipe piece 3 above the experimental soil in the model box 1, and enabling the back of the pipe piece 3 to be in close contact with the experimental soil;
and step three, controlling the duct piece 3 to slowly descend and extrude the experimental land through the electro-hydraulic push rod, applying load to the experimental soil to simulate the condition that different loads exist on the upper surface of the field experimental land, recording numerical changes of the inner side surfaces of the two detection plates 13 and the pressure sensors of the base of the model box 1, and observing the deformation degree of the experimental land under different load conditions through the front wall 11 or the rear wall 12 of the model box 1.
By the method, the deformation of the soil body during actual construction can be judged, so that the damage degree of the construction to the ground and underground buildings is estimated, effective control measures are taken, and the construction risk is reduced to the maximum extent.
Claims (7)
1. A tunnel segment upper soil body loading deformation experimental device is characterized by comprising a model box, a loading device and a segment, wherein the model box is a square box body with an open upper end face, the front wall and the rear wall of the model box are transparent panels, and the left side wall and the right side wall of the model box are detection plates;
after an experimental soil body is filled in the model box, the back surface of the pipe piece is pressed on the experimental soil body, and the loading device is connected with the front surface of the pipe piece;
and pressure sensors are arranged on the inner side surfaces of the two detection plates and the base of the model box.
2. The experimental device for the loaded deformation of the soil body on the upper portion of the tunnel segment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner side surfaces of the left and right ends of the front wall and the rear wall are symmetrically provided with mounting grooves, the top ends of the front wall and the rear wall are respectively provided with a clip frame aligned with the mounting grooves, and the test board passes through the clip frame from top to bottom and then is inserted into the mounting grooves to realize assembly.
3. The experimental device for the loaded deformation of the soil body on the upper part of the tunnel segment as claimed in claim 2, wherein the detection plate is a plastic plate with toughness, and a water-permeable stone plate is spliced at the lower end of the detection plate.
4. The experimental device for the loaded deformation of the soil body on the upper part of the tunnel segment as claimed in claim 3, wherein the pressure sensors are all thin film pressure sensors, and the number of the pressure sensors is four; the two film pressure sensors are symmetrically laid on the left side and the right side of the base of the model box, and the middle of the base of the model box is provided with a hydraulic bag; the other two film pressure sensors are respectively and correspondingly paved on the inner side surfaces of the two detection plates.
5. The experimental device for the loaded deformation of the soil body on the upper part of the tunnel segment as claimed in claim 4, wherein the loading device is an electro-hydraulic push rod, a load distribution plate is fixed at the center of the front surface of the segment, and the movable end of the electro-hydraulic push rod is fixedly connected with the load distribution plate.
6. The experimental device for the loaded deformation of the soil body on the upper part of the tunnel segment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the front wall and the rear wall are both made of transparent high-strength resin material plates.
7. An experimental method using the experimental device for the load deformation of the soil body on the upper portion of the tunnel segment as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, placing an experimental soil body in a model box, extruding the soil body to enable the soil body to tend to be compact, observing pressure values detected by a left detection plate, a right detection plate and a pressure sensor of a base of the model box, comparing the pressure values with pressure values of the same position points of measured field experimental soil, and continuously extruding the experimental soil to measure until the pressure values are equivalent to the field experimental soil pressure values;
placing the pipe piece above experimental soil in the model box, and enabling the back of the pipe piece to be in close contact with the experimental soil;
and step three, controlling the duct piece to slowly descend and extrude the experimental land through a loading device, simultaneously recording the numerical changes of the inner side surfaces of the two detection plates and the pressure sensors of the base of the model box, and observing the change degree of the experimental land through the front wall or the rear wall of the model box.
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| CN202110735702.4A CN113504122A (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2021-06-30 | Tunnel segment upper soil body load deformation experimental device and method |
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| CN202110735702.4A CN113504122A (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2021-06-30 | Tunnel segment upper soil body load deformation experimental device and method |
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2021
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