CN113501925B

CN113501925B - Self-submersible polyurethane foam plastic and preparation method and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113501925B
Application number: CN202110855865.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁晓枫; 邹其堂
Original assignee: Zhongshan Changying Packaging Materials Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhongshan Changying Packaging Materials Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-28
Filing date: 2021-07-28
Publication date: 2022-11-25
Anticipated expiration: 2041-07-28
Also published as: CN113501925A

Abstract

The invention discloses a polyurethane foam plastic capable of automatically sinking water and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: s1, material preparation: polyether polyol A: 50-75 parts of polyether polyol B:15 to 25 portions of catalyst, 0.1 to 0.5 portion of foaming agent, 1 to 3 portions of foaming agent, 0.5 to 1.5 portions of foam stabilizer and 2 to 8 portions of hydrophilic material; s2, equipment preparation: the equipment for mixing and stirring the materials is cleaned by clean water for standby, and a mould paved with a polyethylene film is prepared. According to the spontaneously-submergible polyurethane foam plastic and the preparation method and application thereof, the temperature in the equipment is gradually increased, the expansion air bag is expanded by heat to drive the pressing block to be close to and contact with the alarm, so that the alarm gives an alarm to remind an operator that the equipment is too high in stability, the speed of adding materials needs to be controlled in time, the effect of reminding the operator that the temperature exceeds the standard is achieved, and the aperture ratio and the air permeability of the produced foam plastic can be effectively improved.

Description

Self-submersible polyurethane foam plastic and preparation method and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of foamed plastics, in particular to a polyurethane foamed plastic capable of automatically sinking water, and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

The spontaneously sinking polyurethane foam plastic is mainly used in the industries of sewage treatment, aquarium, tail gas filtration, air purification and the like, can adsorb a carrier, filters impurities by utilizing the loose open-cell structure, and simultaneously has the functions of degerming, removing waste gas, removing heavy metal ions and the like.

The existing foamed plastic used for sewage treatment is generally prepared by mixing and foaming polyether polyol with a hydroxyl value of 56mgKOH/g, polymer polyol with a solid content of 45% and toluene diisocyanate and then performing vacuum blasting treatment, the opening ratio of the foamed plastic can be improved and the air permeability can be increased through extrusion or vacuum blasting, however, the existing preparation equipment is rough and complicated in operation, the preparation method has high requirements on mixing and stirring of materials, temperature control of a mixture, elimination of external interference and the like during application, and due to the immobilization of the equipment, the opening ratio and the air permeability of the produced foamed plastic are low, so that the use and the production efficiency of products are influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a self-submersible polyurethane foam plastic and a preparation method and application thereof, and the self-submersible polyurethane foam plastic has the function of improving the opening rate and the air permeability of the finished foam plastic.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the technical purpose: a self-sinking polyurethane foam plastic and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:

s1, material preparation: polyether polyol A: 50-75 parts of polyether polyol B:15 to 25 portions of catalyst, 0.1 to 0.5 portion of foaming agent, 1 to 3 portions of foaming agent, 0.5 to 1.5 portions of foam stabilizer and 2 to 8 portions of hydrophilic material;

s2, equipment preparation: cleaning equipment for mixing and stirring materials with clear water for later use, and preparing a mould paved with a polyethylene film;

s3, mixing and stirring: pouring the prepared materials into equipment in sequence, mixing and stirring, and introducing the two materials which react strongly into the equipment from different inlets respectively;

s4, temperature control: controlling the temperature in the equipment between 20 and 24 ℃ in the mixing and stirring process;

s5, pouring out and standing: pouring the mixture after stirring and mixing on a mould paved with a polyethylene film, standing and curing to obtain the self-sinking polyurethane foam plastic.

Preferably, in the step 1, the hydroxyl value of the polyether polyol A is 20-58 mgKOH/g, the functionality is 2-4, the oxyethylene group content is 50-80%, the hydroxyl value of the polyether polyol B is 175-260 mgKOH/g, the functionality is 2-4, and the oxyethylene group content is 85-100%.

Preferably, the catalyst in step 1 is at least one selected from organic tertiary amine compounds, metal carboxylates and organic metal compounds, and the foam stabilizer is selected from silicone foam stabilizers or fluorine foam stabilizers; the foaming agent is water.

According to the above polyurethane foam plastics capable of automatically sinking and the preparation method thereof, the equipment comprises a frame, a heat absorbing plate is fixedly sleeved outside the frame, a motor is fixedly installed at the top of the frame, a rotating shaft is fixedly installed at the bottom of the motor and located inside the frame, a stirring rod is welded outside the rotating shaft, a regulating plate is welded above the stirring rod inside the frame and located above the stirring rod, a fixed ring is welded at the bottom of the frame, a limiting rod is welded at the outside of the fixed ring, a driven plate is welded outside the inclined block, a fixing seat is welded inside the fixed ring, a reset spring is fixedly installed between the fixing seat and the inclined block, a material inlet nozzle is inserted into the top of the frame, a limiting rod is welded between the two adjacent material inlet nozzles, a cover plate is slidably connected inside the frame and located under the limiting rod, a connecting rod is rotatably connected outside the cover plate, two adjacent limiting rods are slidably connected between the limiting rods, a compression spring is connected between the clamping block and the clamping block, a sliding block is welded inside the clamping block and an air bag is welded inside the clamping block, and an air bag is welded inside the adjusting rod, and an air bag is welded inside of the clamping block, and an air bag is welded between the adjusting rod, and an air bag is welded inside of the adjusting rod.

As optimization, the rotating shaft is not in contact with the adjusting plate, and the adjusting plate and the feeding nozzle are not on the same vertical plane.

Preferably, the stirring rod and the fixed ring are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the positions and the sizes of the stirring rod and the inclined block are matched.

Preferably, the size of the cover plate is matched with the width of the feeding nozzle.

Preferably, one end of the connecting rod, which is far away from the cover plate, is rotatably connected to the outer side of the sliding block.

Preferably, the deflector rod and the clamping block can be mutually clamped.

Preferably, the inflatable air bag can expand or contract along with the change of temperature, and the pressing block contacts the alarm to trigger the alarm to give an alarm.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the polyurethane foam plastic capable of automatically sinking water and the preparation method and application thereof are characterized in that a shifting lever is stirred upwards, the shifting lever drives a connecting rod to move through a sliding block, meanwhile, an extension spring can be stretched, the connecting rod can drive two adjacent cover plates to be close to each other in the rotating process, at the moment, the cover plates slide in the outer frame and gradually open a feeding nozzle, the two adjacent clamping blocks can be contacted and driven to be away from each other in the process that the shifting lever continuously rises, at the moment, a compression spring can be extruded, after the shifting lever moves to the upper side of the clamping blocks, the clamping blocks slide under the restoring force of the compression spring and recover to the original positions, the shifting lever is clamped, the shifting lever cannot move downwards, at the moment, the cover plates are completely separated from the feeding nozzle, the feeding nozzle is completely opened, after the equipment is used up, the clamping blocks are stirred again, after the clamping blocks are separated from each other and separated from the shifting lever, under the action of the extension spring, the cover plates can plug the feeding nozzle again, the effect of stably opening and closing the feeding nozzle is achieved, the inside of the equipment is kept clean, the inside of the equipment is ensured, and the cleanliness of the equipment is prevented from being caused by external physical factors which lead to enter the equipment.

2. According to the spontaneously-submergible polyurethane foam plastic and the preparation method and application thereof, materials are poured into equipment through different material inlet nozzles respectively, two materials capable of reacting quickly are particularly and separately poured, so that the materials are not mixed and reacted in advance in the pouring process, the effect of layering effective material addition is achieved, and the subsequent mixing reaction is more thorough.

3. This polyurethane foam that can sink spontaneously and preparation method and application thereof, drive the motor operation through starting external power source, the motor is through the motion of pivot stirring rod, stir the mixture, at the pivoted in-process of puddler, can constantly contact with the sloping block, promote and the separation action, the sloping block is under reset spring and puddler's effect, do reciprocating motion and drive the driven plate and move together on fixed ring, reach the effect to mixture multi-angle stirring, make and mix more abundant, the reaction is more thorough.

4. According to the spontaneously-submergible polyurethane foam plastic and the preparation method and application thereof, the temperature in the equipment is gradually increased, the expansion air bag is expanded by heat to drive the pressing block to be close to and contact with the alarm, so that the alarm gives an alarm to remind an operator that the equipment is too high in stability, the speed of adding materials needs to be controlled in time, the effect of reminding the operator that the temperature exceeds the standard is achieved, the reaction of a mixture is more stable and effective, and the aperture ratio and the air permeability of the produced foam plastic can be effectively improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the apparatus for preparing and using the spontaneously sinking polyurethane foam of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the internal structure of a fixing ring and a device for preparing a self-submergible polyurethane foam according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a device for preparing a spontaneously sinking polyurethane foam of the present invention and a structure A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure around the apparatus for preparing the spontaneously sinking polyurethane foam and the briquette used in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the apparatus for preparing the spontaneously sinking polyurethane foam of the present invention and the structure around the fixture block.

In the figure: 1. an outer frame; 2. a heat absorbing plate; 3. a motor; 4. a rotating shaft; 5. fixing the circular ring; 6. an adjusting plate; 7. a feeding nozzle; 8. a stirring rod; 9. a fixed seat; 10. a sloping block; 11. a driven plate; 12. a return spring; 13. inflating the balloon; 14. briquetting; 15. an alarm; 16. a cover plate; 17. a connecting rod; 18. a limiting rod; 19. a slider; 20. a deflector rod; 21. a clamping block; 22. a compression spring; 23. a tension spring.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

A self-sinking polyurethane foam plastic and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:

s2, equipment preparation: cleaning the equipment for mixing and stirring materials with clear water for later use, and preparing a mould paved with a polyethylene film;

s3, mixing and stirring: pouring the prepared materials into equipment in sequence, mixing and stirring, and respectively introducing the two materials which react strongly into the equipment from different inlets;

In the step 1, the hydroxyl value of the polyether polyol A is 20-58 mgKOH/g, the functionality is 2-4, the oxyethylene group content is 50-80%, the hydroxyl value of the polyether polyol B is 175-260 mgKOH/g, the functionality is 2-4, and the oxyethylene group content is 85-100%.

The catalyst in the step 1 is at least one selected from organic tertiary amine compounds, metal carboxylates or organic metal compounds, and the foam stabilizer is selected from organosilicon foam stabilizers or fluorine foam stabilizers; the foaming agent is water.

Referring to fig. 1-5, a device for preparing polyurethane foam plastic capable of automatically sinking and application thereof, includes an outer frame 1, a heat absorbing plate 2 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the outer frame 1, and can effectively perform physical cooling on a mixture in the device, a motor 3 is fixedly installed on the top of the outer frame 1, a rotating shaft 4 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the motor 3 and on the inner side of the outer frame 1, a stirring rod 8 is welded on the outer side of the rotating shaft 4, an adjusting plate 6 is welded on the inner side of the outer frame 1 and above the stirring rod 8, a fixed ring 5 is welded on the bottom of the outer frame 1, an oblique block 10 is slidably connected on the outer side of the fixed ring 5, the stirring rod 8 and the fixed ring 5 are located on the same horizontal plane, the position and size of the stirring rod 8 and the oblique block 10 are matched, a driven plate 11 is welded on the outer side of the oblique block 10, a fixed seat 9 is welded on the inner side of the fixed ring 5, a reset spring 12 is fixedly installed between the fixed seat 9 and the oblique block 10, the top of the outer frame 1 is inserted with a feeding nozzle 7, the rotating shaft 4 is not contacted with the adjusting plate 6, the adjusting plate 6 and the feeding nozzle 7 are not on the same vertical plane, the contact of materials with the adjusting plate 6 is prevented when materials are added, a limiting rod 18 is welded at the top of the outer frame 1 and between two adjacent feeding nozzles 7, a cover plate 16 is connected inside the outer frame 1 and under the limiting rod 18 in a sliding manner, the size of the cover plate 16 is matched with the width of the feeding nozzles 7, so that the cover plate 16 can completely seal the feeding nozzles 7 and prevent external dust and the like from entering, the outer side of the cover plate 16 is rotatably connected with a connecting rod 17, a sliding block 19 is connected between two adjacent limiting rods 18, one end of the connecting rod 17 far away from the cover plate 16 is rotatably connected at the outer side of the sliding block 19, a clamping block 21 is connected at the outer side of the limiting rod 18 in a sliding manner, and a compression spring 22 is welded between the clamping block 21 and the limiting rod 18, the top welding of slider 19 has driving lever 20, driving lever 20 and fixture block 21 can block each other, the inboard welding of regulating plate 6 has inflation gasbag 13, the inboard sliding connection of regulating plate 6 has briquetting 14, the inboard of regulating plate 6 just is located and is provided with siren 15 between two briquetting 14, inflation gasbag 13 can appear inflation or shrink along with the change of temperature, briquetting 14 contact siren 15 can trigger siren 15 and send out the police dispatch newspaper, the effectual temperature variation condition of reminding in the operator's equipment, improve equipment's reliability, fixed mounting has extension spring 23 between slider 19 and the frame 1.

When the automatic feeding device is used, the shifting rod 20 is shifted upwards, so that the shifting rod 20 drives the connecting rod 17 to move through the sliding block 19, the extension spring 23 is extended, the connecting rod 17 drives the two adjacent cover plates 16 to approach each other in the rotating process, at the moment, the cover plates 16 slide in the outer frame 1, the feeding nozzle 7 is opened gradually, the shifting rod 20 contacts and drives the two adjacent fixture blocks 21 to be away from each other in the continuous rising process, the compression spring 22 is extruded, after the shifting rod 20 moves to the upper side of the fixture blocks 21, the fixture blocks 21 slide under the restoring force of the compression spring 22 and restore to the original position, the shifting rod 20 is clamped, the shifting rod 20 cannot move downwards, at the moment, the cover plates 16 are completely separated from the feeding nozzle 7, the feeding nozzle 7 is completely opened, after the device is used up, the fixture blocks 21 are shifted again, the fixture blocks 21 are separated from each other and separated from the shifting rod 20, under the action of the extension spring 23, the cover plate 16 can block the feeding nozzle 7 again, the effect of stably opening and closing the feeding nozzle 7 is achieved, the interior of the equipment is kept clean, the cleanliness of the equipment in use is ensured, the quality of the foam plastic after being manufactured is prevented from being damaged due to the fact that external physical factors enter the equipment, when the feeding nozzle 7 is in an opening state, the materials in the step 1 are poured into the equipment through different feeding nozzles 7, particularly, two materials capable of reacting quickly are poured separately, the materials are not mixed in advance in the pouring process, the effect of effectively adding the materials in a layering mode is achieved, the subsequent mixing reaction is more thorough, in the material adding process, an external power supply is started to drive the motor 3 to operate, the motor 3 drives the stirring rod 8 to move through the rotating shaft 4, the mixture is stirred, in the rotating process of the stirring rod 8, can constantly contact with sloping block 10, promote and the separation action, sloping block 10 is under reset spring 12 and puddler 8's effect, do reciprocating motion and drive driven plate 11 and move together on fixed ring 5, reach the effect to mixture multi-angle stirring, make and mix more abundant, the reaction is more thorough, at the continuous in-process that reacts of mixture, temperature in the equipment also risees gradually, inflation gasbag 13 is heated the thermal expansion and can drive briquetting 14 and be close to and contact siren 15, make siren 15 send out the police dispatch newspaper, remind the stability in the operator's equipment too high, need the speed of in time control joining material, reach the effect of reminding the operator temperature to exceed standard, make the reaction of mixture more stable and effective, can effectively improve the percent opening and the air permeability of the foamed plastic who produces.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A preparation equipment of polyurethane foam plastics capable of automatically sinking water is characterized in that: comprises an outer frame (1), a heat absorbing plate (2) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the outer frame (1), a motor (3) is fixedly installed at the top of the outer frame (1), a rotating shaft (4) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the motor (3) and positioned at the inner side of the outer frame (1), a stirring rod (8) is welded at the outer side of the rotating shaft (4), a regulating plate (6) is welded at the inner side of the outer frame (1) and positioned above the stirring rod (8), a fixing ring (5) is welded at the bottom of the outer frame (1), an oblique block (10) is slidably connected at the outer side of the fixing ring (5), a driven plate (11) is welded at the outer side of the oblique block (10), a fixing seat (9) is welded at the inner side of the fixing ring (5), a reset spring (12) is fixedly installed between the fixing seat (9) and the oblique block (10), a material inlet nozzle (7) is inserted at the top of the outer frame (1), a limiting rod (18) is connected between two adjacent material inlet nozzles (7) in a splicing manner, a sliding manner, a connecting rod (16) is connected between the outer side of the limiting rod (16) and a sliding connection rod (16) is connected between the sliding connection between the two adjacent sliding blocks (16), a clamping block (21) is connected to the outer side of the limiting rod (18) in a sliding mode, a compression spring (22) is welded between the clamping block (21) and the limiting rod (18), a shifting rod (20) is welded to the top of the sliding block (19), an expansion air bag (13) is welded to the inner side of the adjusting plate (6), pressing blocks (14) are connected to the inner side of the adjusting plate (6) in a sliding mode, an alarm (15) is arranged on the inner side of the adjusting plate (6) and located between the two pressing blocks (14), an extension spring (23) is fixedly installed between the sliding block (19) and the outer frame (1), and the shifting rod (20) and the clamping block (21) can be clamped with each other;

when the material feeding device is used, the shifting rod (20) is shifted upwards, the shifting rod (20) drives the connecting rod (17) to move through the sliding block (19), the extension spring (23) can be extended, the connecting rod (17) can drive the two adjacent cover plates (16) to approach each other in the rotating process, the cover plates (16) slide in the outer frame (1) at the moment, the material feeding nozzle (7) is opened gradually, the two adjacent clamping blocks (21) can be contacted and driven to be away from each other in the process that the shifting rod (20) rises continuously, the compression spring (22) can be extruded at the moment, when the shifting rod (20) moves to the upper part of the clamping blocks (21), the clamping blocks (21) slide under the compression spring (22) and restore to the original position, the shifting rod (20) is clamped, the shifting rod (20) cannot move downwards, the cover plates (16) are separated from the material feeding nozzle (7) at the moment, the material feeding nozzle (7) is completely opened, after the device is used, the clamping blocks (21) are separated from each other and the clamping blocks (21) are separated from each other, the material feeding nozzle (7) is blocked when the material feeding nozzle (7) is opened and the material feeding nozzle (7) is closed stably under the effect of the extension spring, the material feeding nozzle (7), and the material feeding nozzle (7) is blocked, in the material adding process, an external power supply is started to drive a motor (3) to operate, the motor (3) drives a stirring rod (8) to move through a rotating shaft (4), the mixture is stirred, in the rotating process of the stirring rod (8), the stirring rod can be continuously contacted with an oblique block (10), the stirring rod can be pushed and separated, the oblique block (10) does reciprocating motion on a fixed circular ring (5) under the action of a return spring (12) and the stirring rod (8) and drives a driven plate (11) to move together, in the continuous reaction process of the mixture, the temperature in the equipment is gradually increased, an expansion airbag (13) is heated and expanded to drive a pressing block (14) to be close to and contact with an alarm (15), and the alarm (15) gives an alarm.

2. The apparatus for preparing a spontaneously sinking polyurethane foam according to claim 1, wherein: the rotating shaft (4) is not in contact with the adjusting plate (6), and the adjusting plate (6) and the feeding nozzle (7) are not on the same vertical plane.

3. The apparatus for preparing a spontaneously sinking polyurethane foam according to claim 2, wherein: the stirring rod (8) and the fixed ring (5) are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the positions and the sizes of the stirring rod (8) and the inclined block (10) are matched.

4. The apparatus for preparing a spontaneously sinking polyurethane foam according to claim 3, wherein: the size of the cover plate (16) is matched with the width of the feeding nozzle (7).

5. The apparatus for preparing a spontaneously sinking polyurethane foam according to claim 4, wherein: one end of the connecting rod (17) far away from the cover plate (16) is rotatably connected to the outer side of the sliding block (19).