CN113501893B - Environment-friendly natural rubber processing method - Google Patents
Environment-friendly natural rubber processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113501893B CN113501893B CN202110685594.4A CN202110685594A CN113501893B CN 113501893 B CN113501893 B CN 113501893B CN 202110685594 A CN202110685594 A CN 202110685594A CN 113501893 B CN113501893 B CN 113501893B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C1/00—Treatment of rubber latex
- C08C1/02—Chemical or physical treatment of rubber latex before or during concentration
- C08C1/06—Preservation of rubber latex
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C1/00—Treatment of rubber latex
- C08C1/14—Coagulation
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/16—Yeasts; Culture media therefor
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Abstract
The invention provides an environment-friendly natural rubber processing method, which comprises the following steps: taking fresh latex, and adding a compound bacterial liquid, wherein the compound bacterial liquid is prepared from deodorant bacterial liquid and coagulating bacterial liquid in a mass ratio of 1: 1-3, culturing a deodorizing bacterial liquid by using acetobacter, lactobacillus paracasei, bacillus lysinate, candida ethanolica and pichia guilliermondii, culturing a coagulating bacterial liquid by using streptococcus lactis, lactobacillus and yeast to prepare a fresh latex gel block, standing, stacking and curing the gel block to prepare a natural rubber raw rubber product. The method of the present invention can reduce the bad smell of gel block in the curing process, speed up the vulcanization of natural rubber and raise the physical and mechanical performance of the product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of natural rubber, in particular to an environment-friendly natural rubber processing method.
Background
At present, the natural rubber products mainly use technical grading rubber as main material, but the technical grading rubber influences the product performance due to the steps of adding ammonia to store fresh latex, adding acid for solidification, drying at high temperature and the like in the process, and the natural rubber obtained by the traditional acid solidification has higher protein content and slower vulcanization speed. In order to improve the performance of natural rubber, researchers begin to adopt a microbial method to coagulate fresh latex, compared with the prior art, the method does not use chemicals such as ammonia acid and the like, the processing process is more environment-friendly, the tensile property of the product can be improved by more than 20%, but the method can release odor due to protein deterioration when the coagulum is cured and stacked, the environment is polluted, the method is not beneficial to environment protection, the product performance still needs to be improved, and therefore, a method is urgently needed, the odor is not generated, the environment is protected, and the quality of the raw rubber product of the natural rubber can be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a processing method of environment-friendly natural rubber, which solves the above technical problems.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
an environment-friendly natural rubber processing method comprises the following steps:
taking fresh latex, and adding a compound bacterial liquid, wherein the compound bacterial liquid is prepared from deodorant bacterial liquid and coagulating bacterial liquid in a mass ratio of 1: 1-3, culturing the deodorant bacterial liquid by using acetobacter, lactobacillus paracasei, bacillus lysinate, candida ethanolica and pichia guilliermondii, culturing the coagulating bacterial liquid by using streptococcus lactis, lactobacillus and saccharomycetes to prepare a fresh latex gel block, and standing, stacking and curing the gel block to prepare a natural rubber raw rubber product.
Further, the culture method of the deodorant bacterial liquid comprises the following steps: inoculating a deodorizing strain into the composite fermentation broth, wherein the inoculation amount of the deodorizing strain is 1-5% of the volume of the composite fermentation broth; standing and culturing for 2-3 days to obtain deodorant bacterial liquid; the deodorizing strain consists of acetobacter, lactobacillus paracasei, bacillus lysinate, candida ethanolica and pichia guilliermondii.
Further, the culture method of the solidified bacterial liquid comprises the following steps: inoculating a coagulating strain into the composite fermentation broth, wherein the inoculation amount of the coagulating strain is 1-5% of the volume of the composite fermentation broth, standing, and performing closed culture for 1-2 days to obtain deodorant bacterial liquid; the coagulating bacterial strain consists of streptococcus lactis, lactobacillus and yeast.
Further, the composite fermentation liquor comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1.5-2.5% of cane sugar, 0.9-1.5% of glucose, 0.3-0.5% of fructose, 0.3-0.5% of yeast extract and the balance of water.
Further, the deodorizing strain is prepared from acetobacter, lactobacillus paracasei, bacillus lysinate, candida ethanolica and pichia guilliermondii according to the volume ratio of 8-12: 8-12: 25-35: 18-22: 25-35.
Further, the coagulating strain is prepared from streptococcus lactis, lactobacillus and yeast according to a volume ratio of 18-22: 25-35: 45-55 percent.
Further, the deodorization strain consists of 10% of acetobacter, 10% of lactobacillus paracasei, 30% of lysine bacillus, 20% of candida ethanolica and 30% of pichia guilliermondii in percentage by volume; the coagulating bacterial strain consists of 20 percent of streptococcus lactis, 30 percent of lactobacillus and 50 percent of yeast in percentage by volume.
Further, before the composite fermentation broth is inoculated for culture, the acetobacter, the lactobacillus paracasei, the bacillus lysinate, the candida ethanolica, the pichia guilliermondii, the streptococcus lactis, the lactobacillus and the saccharomycetes are all bacteria liquids, and the number of viable bacteria is all1*10 6 cfu/ml to 1 x 10 8 Between cfu/ml.
Further, the composite bacterial liquid is prepared from deodorant bacterial liquid and coagulating bacterial liquid according to the mass ratio of 1: 3.
further, the adding amount of the compound bacterial liquid is 5-15% of the mass of the fresh latex.
Further, the curing conditions are as follows: standing and stacking for curing for 1-15 days at 20-35 deg.C.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention prepares the fresh latex gel block by using the compound coagulating and deodorizing compound bacteria and cures the fresh latex gel block, thereby not only reducing the odor in the curing process of the gel block, but also accelerating the vulcanization rate of the natural rubber and improving the physical and mechanical properties of the product.
The invention adopts the method that the acetobacter, the lactobacillus paracasei, the lysine bacillus, the ethanol candida and the pichia guilliermondii are used for culturing the deodorant bacterial liquid, the streptococcus lactis, the lactobacillus and the yeast are used for culturing the coagulating bacteria, the synergy is realized, the decomposition of the non-rubber components in the fresh latex by the microorganisms is improved, the macromolecular substances such as protein and the like are degraded into the micromolecular substances such as amino acid and the like, the natural vulcanization accelerator is formed, the vulcanization rate of the natural rubber is accelerated, the physical and mechanical properties of the natural rubber product are improved, and the odor in the curing process of the gel block is reduced. In addition, compared with the prior art of grading rubber production process, the preparation process is more environment-friendly because no ammonia acid chemical reagent is used and microorganisms with different functions are used for participating in the preparation of the raw rubber of the natural rubber.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the examples of the present invention can be obtained commercially without specific description.
The composite fermentation liquor used in the embodiment and the comparative example of the invention is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: sucrose 2.0%, glucose 1.2%, fructose 0.4%, yeast extract 0.4% and balance water.
Example 1
An environment-friendly natural rubber processing method comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) culturing the deodorizing bacterial liquid: inoculating the deodorizing strain into the composite fermentation liquor, standing and hermetically culturing for 2 days to obtain deodorizing bacterial liquid; the inoculation amount of the deodorization strain is 2% of the volume of the composite fermentation broth;
according to the volume percentage, the deodorization bacterial strain consists of 10 percent of acetobacter, 10 percent of lactobacillus paracasei, 30 percent of lysine bacillus, 20 percent of ethanol candida and 30 percent of Qu 'er Mongolian pichia, the acetobacter, the lactobacillus paracasei, the lysine bacillus, the ethanol candida and the Qu' er Mongolian pichia are all bacterial liquids, and the number of the viable bacteria is about 1 to 10 7 cfu/ml；
(2) Culturing solidified bacterial liquid: inoculating the coagulated strain into the composite fermentation liquid, standing and culturing for 1 day in a sealed manner to obtain deodorant bacterial liquid; the inoculation amount of the coagulating bacterial strain is 2% of the volume of the composite fermentation broth;
the coagulating bacterial strain consists of 20 percent of streptococcus lactis, 30 percent of lactobacillus and 50 percent of yeast by volume percentage, the streptococcus lactis, the lactobacillus and the yeast are used as bacterial liquids, and the number of the viable bacteria is about 1 x 10 7 cfu/ml；
(3) Taking fresh latex, adding a compound bacterial liquid, wherein the adding amount of the compound bacterial liquid is 10% of the mass of the fresh latex, and the compound bacterial liquid is prepared from the deodorization bacterial liquid and the coagulation bacterial liquid according to the mass ratio of 1: 3, preparing a fresh latex gel block, standing and stacking the gel block at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ for curing for 15 days, mechanically tabletting, dehydrating and drying to obtain a natural rubber crude rubber product.
Example 2
The processing method of the environment-friendly natural rubber is different from the embodiment 1 in that the composite bacterial liquid is prepared from deodorant bacterial liquid and coagulating bacterial liquid according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
Example 3
The processing method of the environment-friendly natural rubber is different from the embodiment 1 in that the composite bacterial liquid is prepared by mixing deodorant bacterial liquid and solidified bacterial liquid according to the mass ratio of 1: 2.
Example 4
An environment-friendly natural rubber processing method, which is different from the example 1,
according to the volume percentage, the deodorization strain consists of 8 percent of acetobacter, 12 percent of lactobacillus paracasei, 35 percent of lysine bacillus, 20 percent of candida ethanolica and 25 percent of pichia guilliermondii.
The coagulating bacterial strain consists of 20 percent of streptococcus lactis, 25 percent of lactobacillus and 55 percent of microzyme in percentage by volume.
Example 5
An environment-friendly natural rubber processing method, which is different from the example 1,
according to the volume percentage, the deodorization strain consists of 12 percent of acetobacter, 8 percent of lactobacillus paracasei, 25 percent of lysine bacillus, 20 percent of candida ethanolica and 35 percent of pichia guilliermondii.
The coagulating strain consists of 20% of streptococcus lactis, 35% of lactobacillus and 45% of microzyme in percentage by volume.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is different from example 1 in that a complex bacterial liquid was not used, and only a coagulated bacterial liquid was used.
Specifically, adding coagulating bacteria liquid into fresh latex, wherein the adding amount of the coagulating bacteria liquid is 10 percent of the mass of the fresh latex to prepare fresh latex gel blocks, standing and stacking the gel blocks at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ for curing for 15 days, and then mechanically tabletting, dehydrating and drying the gel blocks to prepare the natural rubber crude rubber product.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example is different from example 1 in that the deodorizing bacterial liquid is prepared by culturing two strains of Acetobacter aceti and Lactobacillus paracasei. The method specifically comprises the following steps: inoculating the deodorizing strain into the composite fermentation liquid, standing and hermetically culturing for 2 days to obtain deodorizing bacterial liquid; the deodorization strain consists of 50% of acetobacter and 50% of lactobacillus paracasei in percentage by volume; the inoculation amount of the deodorization strain2% of the volume of the composite fermentation broth, consistent with example 1; the acetobacter and the lactobacillus paracasei are bacterial liquids, and the number of the viable bacteria is about 1 x 10 7 cfu/ml。
Comparative example 3
This comparative example is different from example 1 in that the deodorant bacterial solution was cultured from two strains of Bacillus lysimachiae and Candida ethanolica. The method comprises the following specific steps: inoculating the deodorizing strain into the composite fermentation liquor, standing and hermetically culturing for 2 days to obtain deodorizing bacterial liquid; the deodorization strain consists of 50% of bacillus lysinate and 50% of candida ethanolica in percentage by volume; the inoculum size of the deodorizing strain was identical to that of example 1 and was 2% of the volume of the composite fermentation broth. The lysine bacillus and the ethanol candida are both bacteria liquid, and the number of the viable bacteria is about 1 x 10 7 cfu/ml。
Comparative example 4
This comparative example is different from example 1 in that the coagulated bacterial liquid was cultured with a single yeast. The method specifically comprises the following steps: inoculating the coagulated strain into the composite fermentation liquid, standing and culturing for 2 days in a sealed manner to obtain deodorant bacterial liquid; the inoculation amount of the coagulating bacterial strain is 2% of the volume of the composite fermentation broth; the coagulating strain is yeast strain liquid with viable count of about 1 × 10 7 cfu/ml。
Comparative example 5
The comparative example is different from the example 1 in that the composite bacterial liquid is prepared by mixing deodorant bacterial liquid and solidified bacterial liquid according to the mass ratio of 10: 1.
Comparative example 1
Adopting a natural solidification method: taking the fresh latex, naturally solidifying at the temperature of 20-35 ℃, standing and stacking and curing the gel blocks at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ for 15 days, mechanically tabletting, dehydrating and drying to obtain the natural rubber crude rubber product.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the graded rubber WF full emulsion by adopting the traditional technology comprises the following steps:
fresh latex containing ammonia (ammonia content 0.02-0.05%), sampling in advance, measuring dry latex content and ammonia content according to GB/T8299 and GB/T8300, calculating total acid consumption for coagulation accurately according to the following formula,
the total acid consumption (kg) is the acid consumption for neutralization (kg) + the acid consumption for coagulation (kg)
The amount of neutralizing acid (kg) ═ 2.71 × ammonia content (%) × latex mass (kg)
The amount of the coagulating acid used (kg) × the mass of the latex (kg) × the dry gum content (%) × 0.35%,
accurately weighing formic acid, diluting with water until the total weight is 10% of the total weight of the latex, adding into the latex, stirring uniformly while adding, standing for solidification, pressing for 24h, performing three-stage creping, granulating, pumping into a drying vehicle, drying at the temperature of 110 ℃ and 128 ℃ for 4h, and taking out.
The natural rubber crude rubber products obtained in the above examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 5 were tested for their vulcanization characteristics and physical and mechanical properties.
Table 1: effect of different latex coagulation modes on the vulcanization characteristics of Natural rubber
The results show that compared with the traditional natural solidification mode and the technology classification of rubber full emulsion (WF), the natural rubber crude rubber product prepared by the invention has obviously reduced normal vulcanization time T90 of the natural rubber and accelerated vulcanization speed. By adopting the preparation method, the decomposition efficiency of the non-rubber components in the fresh latex is improved, more macromolecular substances such as protein and the like are promoted to be degraded into micromolecular substances such as amino acid and the like, and the micromolecular substances are natural vulcanization accelerators, so that the vulcanization rate of the natural rubber is accelerated.
Table 2: influence of different latex coagulation modes on coagulation effect and coagulum odor development
[ odor grade: grade 0 (no noticeable odor), grade 1 (slightly odorous gel odor), grade 2 (gel odor), grade 3 (malodor) ]
The above results show that compared with the traditional natural solidification mode, the preparation method of the invention can reduce the stinking condition of the gel block in the curing process and improve the solidification efficiency. The non-glue substances in the latex, such as protein and the like, can generate sulfur-containing and nitrogen-containing odor substances during decomposition, are nutrient substances of the deodorizing microorganisms, can be absorbed and metabolized by the deodorizing microorganisms, eliminate odor and improve the coagulation effect. The invention adopts the method that the deodorization bacterial liquid is cultured by the acetobacter, the lactobacillus paracasei, the lysine bacillus, the candida ethanolica and the pichia guilliermondii, and the coagulating bacteria is cultured by the streptococcus lactis, the lactobacillus and the yeast, so that the synergy is realized, and the effects of coagulation and deodorization are fully considered.
Table 3: influence on physical and mechanical properties of raw rubber
| Tensile strength, MPa | Elongation at break, based on | Tear Strength, kN/m | |
| Example 1 | 26.30 | 852 | 30.96 |
| Example 2 | 24.26 | 813 | 28.87 |
| Example 3 | 25.31 | 837 | 29.30 |
| Example 4 | 23.54 | 827 | 28.58 |
| Example 5 | 24.05 | 810 | 28.39 |
| Comparative example 1 | 21.74 | 703 | 26.75 |
| Comparative example 2 | 22.53 | 762 | 27.52 |
| Comparative example 3 | 22.25 | 777 | 27.49 |
| Comparative example 4 | 22.41 | 753 | 27.53 |
| Comparative example 5 | 22.85 | 765 | 27.46 |
| Comparative example 1 | 23.35 | 713 | 27.81 |
| Comparative example 2 | 19.11 | 643 | 25.29 |
The results show that compared with the traditional natural solidification mode and the technology classification of rubber full emulsion (WF), the natural rubber raw rubber product prepared by the invention has greatly improved key performances such as tensile strength, tearing strength, elongation at break and the like.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An environment-friendly natural rubber processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
taking fresh latex, and adding a compound bacterial liquid, wherein the compound bacterial liquid is prepared from deodorant bacterial liquid and coagulating bacterial liquid in a mass ratio of 1: 1-3, culturing a deodorizing bacterial liquid by using acetobacter, lactobacillus paracasei, bacillus lysinate, candida ethanolica and pichia guilliermondii, culturing a coagulating bacterial liquid by using streptococcus lactis, lactobacillus and yeast to prepare a fresh latex gel block, standing, stacking and curing the gel block to prepare a natural rubber raw rubber product.
2. The method for processing environment-friendly natural rubber according to claim 1, wherein the method for culturing the deodorizing bacterial liquid comprises the following steps: inoculating a deodorizing strain into the composite fermentation broth, wherein the inoculation amount of the deodorizing strain is 1-5% of the volume of the composite fermentation broth; standing and culturing for 2-3 days to obtain deodorant bacterial liquid; the deodorizing strain consists of acetobacter, lactobacillus paracasei, bacillus lysinate, candida ethanolica and pichia guilliermondii.
3. The method for processing environment-friendly natural rubber according to claim 1, wherein the method for culturing the coagulating bacteria solution comprises: inoculating a coagulating strain into the composite fermentation broth, wherein the inoculation amount of the coagulating strain is 1-5% of the volume of the composite fermentation broth, and standing and hermetically culturing for 1-2 days to obtain a coagulating bacterial liquid; the coagulating bacterial strain consists of streptococcus lactis, lactobacillus and saccharomyces serisporum.
4. The processing method of environment-friendly natural rubber according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the composite fermentation liquid comprises the following raw materials by mass percent: 1.5 to 2.5 percent of sucrose, 0.9 to 1.5 percent of glucose, 0.3 to 0.5 percent of fructose, 0.3 to 0.5 percent of yeast extract and the balance of water.
5. The method for processing environment-friendly natural rubber according to claim 1, wherein the deodorizing strain is selected from the group consisting of Acetobacter, Lactobacillus paracasei, Bacillus lysinate, Candida ethanolica and Pichia guilliermondii in a volume ratio of 8-12: 8-12: 25-35: 18-22: 25-35; the coagulating bacterial strain is prepared from streptococcus lactis, lactobacillus and yeast according to a volume ratio of 18-22: 25-35: 45-55 percent.
6. The method for processing environment-friendly natural rubber according to claim 2, wherein the deodorizing strain is composed of, in terms of volume percentage, 10% of Acetobacter aceti, 10% of Lactobacillus paracasei, 30% of Bacillus lysimachiae, 20% of Candida ethanolica, and 30% of Pichia guilliermondii; the coagulating bacterial strain consists of 20 percent of streptococcus lactis, 30 percent of lactobacillus and 50 percent of yeast in percentage by volume.
7. The processing method of environment-friendly natural rubber according to claim 4, wherein before the composite fermentation broth is inoculated for culture, the acetobacter, the lactobacillus paracasei, the bacillus lysinate, the candida ethanolica, the pichia guilliermondii, the streptococcus lactis, the lactobacillus and the saccharomycetes are all bacteria solutions, and the number of the viable bacteria is 1 x 10 6 cfu/ml to 1 x 10 8 Between cfu/ml.
8. The method for processing environment-friendly natural rubber according to claim 1, wherein the composite bacterial liquid is prepared from deodorant bacterial liquid and coagulating bacterial liquid in a mass ratio of 1: 3.
9. the method for processing environment-friendly natural rubber according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the composite bacterial liquid added is 5-15% of the mass of the fresh latex.
10. The method for processing environment-friendly natural rubber according to claim 1, wherein the curing conditions are as follows: standing at 20-35 deg.C for stacking and aging for 1-15 days.
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