CN113501704B

CN113501704B - Slurry for pile carving and preparation method and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113501704B
Application number: CN202110881184.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙俊; 李其江; 唐敏; 郁永彬; 熊露; 吴隽
Original assignee: Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute
Current assignee: Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute
Priority date: 2021-08-02
Filing date: 2021-08-02
Publication date: 2022-05-17
Anticipated expiration: 2041-08-02
Also published as: CN113501704A

Abstract

The invention discloses slurry for pile carving, wherein the raw material of the slurry comprises kaolin, quartz, feldspar, porcelain stone, talc, clay and bentonite in a specific proportion. The invention also discloses a preparation method and application of the slurry. In the slurry disclosed by the invention, the raw materials are matched with each other, so that the obtained slurry has proper plastic viscosity and smaller drying shrinkage, and meanwhile, the raw materials are simple and easy to obtain and have low cost; the preparation method of the slurry, wherein different ball milling methods are adopted for raw materials with different qualities, and the slurry is suitable for being applied in different occasions and is convenient for process; the slurry disclosed by the invention is used for pile carving, the method is simple and easy to implement, the high repetition possibility is realized, the fired lines are clear and smooth, the pattern layers are distinct, and the obtained pile carving product is suitable for large-scale production and has a good market prospect.

Description

Slurry for pile carving and preparation method and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of inorganic non-metallic materials, in particular to slurry for pile carving and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

From ancient pottery with various types to modern porcelain, relief is one of the commonly used expression techniques for ceramic decoration. Usually, the blank surface is used as a carrier, concave-convex pattern effects are made on the blank surface, then transparent overglaze with different colors is applied, or no glaze is applied when the blank is exposed, and different firing processes can be used for completing firing according to process requirements. Technically, the method can be divided into stack carving, scribing, printing, applique and the like. The stack carving technique is mainly used for large block surface patterns in traditional decoration application, and the stack pasting thickness is large. If a finer and more delicate pattern is required, the pattern is generally formed by rubbing the fine mud strips with mud and then stacking the mud strips on a blank with a tool. The method needs a certain sculpture work base and is very inconvenient because various tools are matched for use. The lines drawn by using the common slurry are unsmooth; when a thin line (with the diameter of 0.3-1 mm) is required to be drawn, the drawing is not easy to draw continuously, and the drawing is easy to break, so that the drawing is not beneficial to manufacturing a fine pattern for reworking.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing slurry cannot well draw fine patterns, and provides slurry for pile carving and a preparation method and application thereof.

Therefore, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.

The invention provides slurry for pile carving, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

further, the raw material also comprises the following additives in parts by weight:

0.3-0.6 part of dispersant;

0.01-0.05 part of suspending agent.

1-4 parts of a toughening agent.

Preferably, the dispersing agent is at least one of water glass and sodium humate, the suspending agent is polyvinyl alcohol, and the toughening agent is nano alumina powder.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the slurry, which comprises the steps of sequentially adding the raw materials into a ball mill from large to small according to the weight parts, adding water, ball milling and mixing to obtain the slurry, wherein the raw materials: water: the mass ratio of the ball mill is 1: 0.5-1.2: 1.6-1.8.

Further, the mass of the raw material for each ball milling is 2-4kg or 400-600 kg;

when the mass of the raw material for ball milling is 2-4kg, a planetary ball mill is used, the ball milling time is 15-20min, and the ball milling rotation speed is 500-600 rpm;

when the mass of the raw material for ball milling is 400-600kg, a horizontal ceramic ball mill is used, the ball milling time is 20-24h, and the ball milling speed is 25-35 rpm.

Preferably, the iron content of the inner wall and the iron content of the ball mill are both lower than 0.2 wt%.

The invention also provides a pile-carving method of the slurry, a pattern manuscript is marked on a blank by a pencil or a carbon strip, then the slurry is dipped by a tool to draw the pattern according to the manuscript, the slurry is superposed layer by layer according to the required pile-carving thickness, and finally the firing is carried out; the tools are various models of brush pens with different sizes selected according to requirements, and the size of the brush pens is controlled conveniently.

Further, the thickness of each layer during stacking and carving is 0.3-0.6 mm.

The firing temperature is 1280-1320 ℃, the firing time is 7-8 hours, and transparent glaze or no glaze can be selected before firing.

The invention also provides a pile carving product which is prepared by the pile carving method.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:

(1) in the slurry provided by the invention, the raw materials are matched with additives, wherein the reasonable proportion of the main components forms the basic framework, high-temperature sintering resistance, proper plasticity and good lubricating service performance of the slurry; the dispersant and the suspending agent can prevent the slurry from being easily precipitated and agglomerated, reduce the water content, reduce the drying shrinkage and improve the stability of the nano-alumina suspension; the toughening agent can improve the fracture toughness of the porcelain, namely, the thinner lines are not easy to be broken. The obtained slurry has proper plastic viscosity and smaller drying shrinkage; the method can be used for smoothly drawing longer and thinner lines on mud blanks with different properties, can still keep the drawing form without fracture and obvious shrinkage after moisture is sucked by the blank to be dry, is convenient for stacking the thickness, is easy to burn, and basically does not have the problems of pattern cracking and the like; meanwhile, the raw materials are simple and easy to obtain, and the cost is low.

(2) The invention provides a preparation method of slurry, wherein different ball milling methods are adopted for raw materials with different masses: the planetary ball milling is produced in small scale and is suitable for being provided for studios and personal ceramic artists; the ball milling in a factory is medium-large scale production, is convenient for long-term storage and long-distance transportation, and is suitable for ceramic manufacturers in batch production; in the preparation method, the influence of iron on the slurry is eliminated, the influence of iron impurities on color generation is prevented, the content of the iron impurities is reduced, the whiteness can be increased, the expansion caused by gas released by the pyrolysis of iron oxide is avoided, and the quality of the slurry is improved; because the iron content in the raw material is very low and the content of other chromophoric elements is also low, the influence of atmosphere factors on the firing is small, so that the method is suitable for firing in different kilns, such as an electric kiln, a gas kiln and the like, and is convenient for process.

(3) The pile carving method provided by the invention is simple and easy to implement, has high repetition possibility, can finish the manufacture of fine patterns by a simple method, can be used in a naked blank, can be matched with transparent glaze, has clear and smooth lines after being fired and distinct pattern layers, and is suitable for large-scale production and has good market prospect.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a photograph of a pile-carved product obtained in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a photograph of a pile-carved product obtained in example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a photograph of a pile-carved product obtained in example 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a photograph of a pile-carved product obtained in example 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a photograph of a pile-carved product according to comparative example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a photograph of an embossed product obtained in comparative example 2 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following examples are provided to further understand the present invention, not to limit the scope of the present invention, but to provide the best mode, not to limit the content and the protection scope of the present invention, and any product similar or similar to the present invention, which is obtained by combining the present invention with other prior art features, falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

The examples do not indicate specific experimental procedures or conditions, and can be performed according to the procedures or conditions of the conventional experimental procedures described in the literature in the field. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by manufacturers, and are all conventional reagent products which can be obtained commercially.

The sources of the raw materials of the embodiment of the invention are as follows:

kaolin: fujian ball soil; quartz: shangxi; potassium feldspar: shangxi; porcelain stone: novel porcelain stone of Jingdezhen goose lake; talc: guangxi burned talc; clay: shenyang Fakuu county; bentonite: shenyang Fakuu county.

The following specific examples are further illustrative of the present invention, and the examples do not exemplify all the embodiments of the present invention, but only some of the embodiments are exemplified, and the specific examples are as follows:

example 1

The embodiment provides slurry for pile carving, and the raw material of the slurry is as follows: 45kg of kaolin, 28kg of quartz, 12kg of feldspar, 8kg of porcelain stone, 1kg of talcum, 5kg of clay, 1kg of bentonite, 0.5kg of water glass, 0.02kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 4kg of nano alumina.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

ball milling is carried out by using a planetary ball mill, the iron content of the inner wall of the ball mill and the iron content of ball milling particles are both lower than 0.2wt%, and the weight percentage of raw materials is as follows: water: the proportion of the ball mill is 1: 0.5: 1.8.

each raw material was weighed and prepared for use according to the weight requirements, and then divided into 50 parts on average. One part is added into a ball mill from large to small according to the mass, the ball milling time is 20min, and the rotating speed is 500 rpm. After the ball milling is finished, the fineness is controlled to be 250 meshes of screen mesh, and the screen residue is not more than 0.5%. And obtaining the slurry for pile carving.

The embodiment also provides a pile carving product, and the specific preparation method is as follows:

and (3) printing a draft of the pattern on the blank by using a pencil, dipping the prepared slurry by using a small-size brush pen, and gradually drawing according to the required thickness, wherein the thickness of each layer is 0.3-0.6mm until the pattern is formed. The green body was fired at 1310 ℃ for 7 hours without glazing to obtain a mound product, and the firing results are shown in fig. 1.

Example 2

The embodiment provides slurry for pile carving, and the raw material of the slurry is as follows: 47kg of kaolin, 22kg of quartz, 15kg of feldspar, 6kg of porcelain stone, 1.5kg of talc, 6kg of clay, 2.5kg of bentonite, 0.4 kg of water glass, 0.03kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 3kg of nano alumina.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

ball milling is carried out by using a planetary ball mill, the iron content of the inner wall of the ball mill and the iron content of a ball mill are both lower than 0.2wt%, and the weight percentage of the raw material: water: the proportion of the ball mill is 1: 0.5: 1.8.

each raw material was weighed and prepared for use according to the weight requirements, and then divided into 50 parts on average. One part is added into a ball mill from large to small according to the mass, the ball milling time is 15min, and the rotating speed is 600 rpm. After the ball milling is finished, the fineness is controlled to be 250 meshes of screen mesh, and the screen residue is not more than 0.5%. And obtaining the slurry for pile carving.

and (3) printing a draft of the pattern on the blank by using a pencil, dipping the prepared slurry by using a small-size brush pen, and gradually drawing according to the required thickness, wherein the thickness of each layer is 0.3-0.6mm until the pattern is formed. The green body was fired at 1280 ℃ for 8 hours in a reducing atmosphere without glazing to obtain a mound product, and the firing result is shown in fig. 2.

Example 3

The embodiment provides slurry for pile carving, and the raw material of the slurry is as follows: 43kg of kaolin, 28kg of quartz, 14kg of feldspar, 5kg of porcelain stone, 2.5kg of talc, 4.5kg of clay, 3kg of bentonite, 0.6kg of sodium humate, 0.05kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 1kg of nano-alumina.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

ball milling is carried out by using a planetary ball mill, the iron content of the inner wall of the ball mill and the iron content of ball milling particles are both lower than 0.2wt%, and the weight percentage of raw materials is as follows: water: the proportion of the ball mill is 1: 0.5: 1.8

Each raw material was weighed and prepared for use according to the weight requirements, and then divided into 50 parts on average. Adding one part of the powder into a ball mill in the order of the mass from large to small, wherein the ball milling time is 20min, and the rotating speed is 550 rpm. After the ball milling is finished, the fineness is controlled to be 250 meshes of screen mesh, and the screen residue is not more than 0.5%. And obtaining the slurry for pile carving.

The embodiment also provides a pile carving product, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps:

and (3) printing a draft of the pattern on the blank by using carbon strips, dipping the slurry by using a small-size brush pen, and gradually drawing according to the required thickness, wherein the thickness of each layer is 0.3-0.6mm until the pattern is formed. The obtained material was covered with a transparent glaze, dried and fired at 1310 ℃ for 7 hours in a reducing atmosphere to obtain a pile-carved product, and the firing results are shown in FIG. 3.

Example 4

The embodiment provides slurry for pile carving, and the raw material of the slurry is as follows: 400kg of kaolin, 290kg of quartz, 160kg of feldspar, 65kg of porcelain stone, 20kg of talc, 55kg of clay, 10kg of bentonite, 3kg of water glass, 0.1kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 15kg of nano alumina.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

adopting a horizontal ceramic ball mill in a factory, wherein the iron content of the inner wall of the ball mill and the iron content of ball milling particles are both lower than 0.1 wt%, and raw materials: water: the proportion of the ball mill is 1: 1.2: 1.6.

each raw material was weighed and prepared for use according to the weight requirements, and then divided into 2 parts on average. One part is added into the ball mill from large to small in mass. The ball milling time is 24 h. After the ball milling is finished, the fineness is controlled to be 325 meshes and the residue is not more than 0.8%.

Then carrying out mud squeezing and mud refining processes to prepare the formed section-shaped mud strip. According to the subsequent dosage requirement, the pug prepared in the previous step is prepared according to the following steps: adding water into the mixture according to the water ratio of 1:0.3, and stirring the mixture into slurry to obtain the required pile carving slurry.

And (3) printing a draft of the pattern on the blank by using carbon strips, dipping the slurry by using a small-size brush pen, and gradually drawing according to the required thickness, wherein the thickness of each layer is 0.3-0.6mm until the pattern is formed. Applying transparent green glaze, drying, and firing at 1320 ℃ for 7 hours to obtain the pile carving product, wherein the firing result is shown in figure 4.

Comparative example 1

The comparative example provides a slurry for pile carving, which comprises the following raw materials: 45kg of kaolin, 28kg of quartz, 12kg of feldspar, 8kg of porcelain stone, 1kg of talc, 5kg of clay and 1kg of bentonite.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

each raw material was weighed and prepared for use according to the weight requirements, and then divided into 50 parts on average. One part is added into a ball mill in the order of mass from large to small, and the ball milling time is 20 min. After the ball milling is finished, the fineness is controlled to be 250 meshes of screen mesh, and the screen residue is not more than 0.5%. And obtaining the slurry for pile carving.

The comparative example also provides a pile carving product, and the specific preparation method is as follows:

and (3) printing a draft of the pattern on the blank by using a pencil, dipping the prepared slurry by using a small-size brush pen, and gradually drawing according to the required thickness until the pattern is formed. As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, the line was broken after drying, which was not suitable for drawing and use.

Comparative example 2

The comparative example provides a slurry for pile carving, which comprises the following raw materials: 39kg of kaolin, 18kg of quartz, 23kg of feldspar, 10kg of porcelain stone, 6kg of talc, 2kg of clay, 2kg of bentonite, 0.3kg of water glass, 0.05kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 1kg of nano alumina.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

each raw material was weighed and prepared as required by weight, and then divided into 50 parts on average. One part is added into a ball mill in the order of mass from large to small, and the ball milling time is 20 min. After the ball milling is finished, the fineness is controlled to be 250 meshes of screen mesh, and the screen residue is not more than 0.5%. And obtaining the slurry for pile carving.

and (3) printing a draft of the pattern on the blank by using a pencil, dipping the prepared slurry by using a small-size brush pen, and gradually drawing according to the required thickness until the pattern is formed. As a result, as shown in FIG. 6, the lines were gathered in segments, and the smoothness was insufficient, and the lines were partially broken, which was not suitable for use.

Test examples

The slurries provided in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were subjected to a performance test by selecting a digital display viscometer of shanghai plain NDJ-5S, stirring the slurry at a constant rotation speed for 5 minutes by an electric stirrer at normal temperature, and immediately measuring the viscosity (unit: mPa · S), and then, when pile-carved products were prepared in each of examples and comparative examples, measuring the length of a line segment after drying and immediately after drawing, and the ratio of the difference to the original length, i.e., the drying line shrinkage of the slurry, and the results are shown in table 1:

TABLE 1 results of performance test of examples and comparative examples

	Viscosity (mPa. s)	Shrinkage on drying
			Example 1	113.6	3.5％
Example 2	116.2	3.6％
			Example 3	119.5	3.9％
Example 4	117.7	4.0％
			Comparative example 1	135.3	7.3％
Comparative example 2	130.6	7.2％

As can be seen from the above table, the viscosity data of the examples show that the present application has a suitable plastic viscosity to facilitate the pile carving operation, while the additive is not added in the comparative example 1, and the comparative example 2 is not configured according to the specific formulation of the present application, the viscosity of the 2 comparative examples is higher, which actually shows that the slurry is not smooth enough, the use is sluggish, and the segmented agglomeration phenomenon occurs after the drying. Each embodiment of the application has less drying shrinkage, and can ensure that the slender line is not easy to break after being pulled out by slurry.

It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The slurry for pile carving is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

40-50 parts of kaolin;

20-30 parts of quartz;

12-22 parts of feldspar;

5-8 parts of porcelain stone;

1-5 parts of talc;

5-10 parts of clay;

1-5 parts of bentonite;

the raw material also comprises the following additives in parts by weight:

0.3-0.6 part of dispersant;

0.01-0.05 part of suspending agent;

1-4 parts of a toughening agent;

the dispersing agent is at least one of water glass and sodium humate, the suspending agent is polyvinyl alcohol, and the toughening agent is nano alumina powder.

2. The method for preparing slurry according to claim 1, wherein the slurry is obtained by adding the raw materials into a ball mill in sequence from large to small according to the parts by weight and adding water for ball milling and mixing.

3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the mass of the raw material for each ball milling is 2-4kg or 400-600 kg;

when the mass of the raw material for ball milling is 2-4kg, a planetary ball mill is used, the ball milling time is 15-20min, and the ball milling rotating speed is 500-600 rpm;

when the raw material mass of each ball milling is 400-600kg, a horizontal ceramic ball mill is used, the ball milling time is 20-24h, and the ball milling rotation speed is 25-35 rpm.

4. The production method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the iron content of both the inner wall and the ball mill is less than 0.2 wt%.

5. The pile carving method of the slurry as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a draft of a pattern is formed on a blank by a pencil or a carbon bar, the slurry is dipped to draw the pattern according to the draft, the slurry is superposed layer by layer according to the required pile carving thickness, and the blank is fired to obtain the pile carving slurry.

6. The pile carving method according to claim 5, characterized in that the thickness of each layer in the pile carving is 0.3-0.6 mm.

7. The pile carving method as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the firing temperature is 1280-1320 ℃, and the firing time is 7-8 hours.

8. An embossed product produced by the embossing method of any one of claims 5 to 7.