CN113501494A - 一种高炉炼铁用焦炉煤气的自重整***及方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于煤化工技术领域,公开了一种高炉炼铁用焦炉煤气的自重整***及方法。***包括烟气发生炉、换热器、焦炉煤气自重整炉、高炉。方法为:先将焦炉煤气通过煤气输送管道送入换热器进行预热,预热后的焦炉煤气通过煤气输送管道送入焦炉煤气自重整炉,在焦炉煤气自重整炉内通入氧气将焦炉煤气中的CH4、CO2和水蒸气燃烧重整为还原气体CO和H2,喷入高炉进行炼铁。可以实现快速还原,降低高炉焦炭消耗,将焦化工艺和钢铁生成进行了有机结合,解决了钢化联产乙二醇检修期间剩余焦炉煤气放空烧掉浪费能源和环境污染的问题,可以获得较大的经济效益,同时也会获得较大的社会环境效益,也为我国钢铁企业焦炉煤气的高效利用起到了示范作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于煤化工技术领域,具体为一种高炉炼铁用焦炉煤气的自重整***及方法。
背景技术
氢冶金是钢铁工业提升基材品质、减少污染物排放的全新前沿技术。氢冶金就是在还原冶炼过程中主要使用氢气作还原剂。氢是最活泼的还原剂,在铁氧化物的气-固还原反应过程中,提高气体还原剂中氢气的比例,可以明显提高其还原速率和还原效率。与一氧化碳的还原潜能相比,氢气的还原潜能大大高于一氧化碳。
钢化联产乙二醇项目每年都会有1个月的检修期,检修期间,无化工副产氢气输出,焦炉煤气满负荷发电后,仍然有46000Nm3/h的剩余煤气无法利用,而焦炉煤气的主要成分是氢气和甲烷,还有少量一氧化碳、二氧化碳、氮气等组分,具有“富氢少碳”的特点。为了减少检修期间焦炉煤气的放散和实现煤气的资源化利用,本发明结合其“富氢少碳”的特点,考虑将其用于高炉炼铁。但将其直接使用,会造成高炉热量不足以及还原率低等问题。
发明内容
针对上述问题本发明提供了一种高炉炼铁用焦炉煤气的自重整***及方法。
为了达到上述目的,本发明采用了下列技术方案:
本发明提供一种高炉炼铁用焦炉煤气的自重整***,包括烟气发生炉、换热器、焦炉煤气自重整炉、高炉;其中,烟气发生炉出口通过煤气输送管道与换热器的第一进口连接,换热器的第二进口与煤气输送管道连接,换热器的出口与焦炉煤气重整炉的第一进口连接,焦炉煤气自重整炉的第二进口与氧气输送管道连接,焦炉煤气自重整炉的出口与高炉连接。
进一步,所述煤气输送管道均内衬保温耐材。
本发明还提供一种高炉炼铁用焦炉煤气的自重整方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,将焦炉煤气通过煤气输送管道送入换热器进行预热;
步骤2,将经过步骤1预热后的焦炉煤气通过煤气输送管道送入焦炉煤气自重整炉,进行焦炉煤气的自重整;
步骤3,将步骤2自重整后的焦炉煤气通入高炉进行炼铁。
进一步,所述步骤1中的焦炉煤气为钢化联产乙二醇检修期间剩余的常温焦炉煤气。
所述步骤1中换热器为列管式金属换热器,换热介质为由烟气炉燃烧高炉煤气产生的高温烟气,最终预热温度为650-750℃。
进一步,所述步骤2中焦炉煤气自重整具体过程为:在焦炉煤气自重整炉内通入氧气将焦炉煤气中的CH4、CO2和水蒸气燃烧重整为CO和H2。
更进一步,所述通入焦炉煤气自重整炉内氧气的量为2417Nm3/h。
与现有技术相比本发明具有以下优点:
1、本发明通过自重整将焦炉煤气中的CH4、CO2和水蒸气燃烧重整为还原气体CO和H2用于高炉炼铁可以实现快速还原,降低高炉焦炭消耗,将焦化工艺和钢铁生成进行了有机结合,解决了钢化联产乙二醇检修期间剩余焦炉煤气放空烧掉浪费能源和环境污染的问题,可以获得较大的经济效益,同时也会获得较大的社会环境效益,也为我国钢铁企业焦炉煤气的高效利用起到了示范作用。
2、本发明将焦炉煤气自重整后用于高炉炼铁,其主要产物是金属铁和水蒸气,产生的尾气对环境没有任何不利的影响,可以明显减轻对环境的负荷。
3、本发明在进行自重整的过程中将焦炉温度提高到了650-750℃,进行高炉喷吹,弥补了由于氢还原导致的热量损失。
4、本发明自重整制氢方法只需要水煤气变换反应,工艺简单,同时焦炉煤气中的CH4在自重整装置中可以自动裂解,省去了专门的裂解装置,减少了投资。
附图说明
图1为本发明***示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合本发明实施例和附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行具体、详细的说明。
下列实施例所用焦炉煤气成分如下表:
表1焦炉煤气成分表(体积分数)
成分 | H<sub>2</sub> | CO | CH<sub>4</sub> | CO<sub>2</sub> | N<sub>2</sub> | H<sub>2</sub>O | Total |
含量/% | 62.97 | 7.54 | 21.04 | 2.42 | 3.46 | 97.43 |
实施例1
如图1所示高炉炼铁用焦炉煤气的自重整***,包括烟气发生炉1、换热器2、焦炉煤气自重整炉3、高炉4;其中,烟气发生炉1出口通过煤气输送管道与换热器2的第一进口连接,换热器2的第二进口与煤气输送管道连接,换热器2的出口与焦炉煤气自重整炉3的第一进口连接,焦炉煤气自重整炉3的第二进口与氧气输送管道连接,焦炉煤气自重整炉3的出口与高炉4连接。所述煤气输送管道均内衬保温耐材。
实施例2
焦炉煤气自重整并用于高炉炼铁
钢化联产乙二醇检修期间剩余的常温焦炉煤气(成分如表1所示)通过煤气输送管道送入PSD型列管式金属换热器预热到750℃,通过煤气输送管道送入焦炉煤气自重整炉3,在焦炉煤气自重整炉3内以2417Nm3/h通入氧气将焦炉煤气中的CH4、CO2和水蒸气燃烧重整为还原气体CO和H2,喷入高炉进行炼铁。
经工厂实际应用得出,使用本发明方法将自重整后的焦炉煤气17000m3/h喷入1860m3的高炉进行炼铁,产量可以提高8%。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种高炉炼铁用焦炉煤气的自重整***,其特征在于:包括烟气发生炉(1)、换热器(2)、焦炉煤气自重整炉(3)、高炉(4);其中,烟气发生炉(1)出口通过煤气输送管道与换热器(2)的第一进口连接,换热器(2)的第二进口与煤气输送管道连接,换热器(2)的出口与焦炉煤气自重整炉(3)的第一进口连接,焦炉煤气自重整炉(3)的第二进口与氧气输送管道连接,焦炉煤气自重整炉(3)的出口与高炉(4)连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高炉炼铁用焦炉煤气的自重整***,其特征在于:所述煤气输送管道均内衬保温耐材。
3.一种高炉炼铁用焦炉煤气的自重整方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,将焦炉煤气通过煤气输送管道送入换热器(2)进行预热;
步骤2,将经过步骤1预热后的焦炉煤气通过煤气输送管道送入焦炉煤气自重整炉(3),进行焦炉煤气的自重整;
步骤3,将步骤2自重整后的焦炉煤气通入高炉(4)进行炼铁。
4.根据权利要求3所述高炉炼铁用焦炉煤气的自重整方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1中的焦炉煤气为钢化联产乙二醇检修期间剩余的常温焦炉煤气。
5.根据权利要求3所述高炉炼铁用焦炉煤气的自重整方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1中换热器(2)为列管式金属换热器,换热介质为由烟气燃烧高炉煤气产生的高温烟气,最终预热温度为650-750℃。
6.根据权利要求3所述高炉炼铁用焦炉煤气的自重整方法,其特征在于:所述步骤2中焦炉煤气自重整具体过程为:在焦炉煤气自重整炉(3)内通入氧气将焦炉煤气中的CH4、CO2和水蒸气燃烧重整为CO和H2。
7.根据权利要求3所述高炉炼铁用氢气的自重整方法,其特征在于:所述通入焦炉煤气自重整炉(3)内氧气的量为2417Nm3/h。
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Citations (6)
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---|---|---|---|---|
GB1566970A (en) * | 1976-08-26 | 1980-05-08 | Didier Eng | Process for the treatment of coke-oven gas |
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